Hybrid topology and power supply
By using a hybrid topology, the bidirectional charging and discharging module and the balance bridge are combined into one, sharing some components. This solves the problem of low component utilization in existing technologies, thereby improving component utilization and reducing circuit costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KEHUA DATA CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the battery charging and discharging circuit and the balance bridge are sampled by their respective Hall elements, resulting in low device utilization.
A hybrid topology is adopted, which integrates the bidirectional charging and discharging module with the balance bridge. The switching between different topologies is achieved by switching the switch, and some components are shared, especially the sampling element and inductor, thereby improving the utilization rate of the components.
It improves the utilization rate of components, reduces circuit cost and size, and simplifies circuit structure.
Smart Images
Figure CN116683557B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of UPS technology, and more particularly to a hybrid topology and power supply. Background Technology
[0002] UPS, or Uninterruptible Power Supply, is a type of uninterruptible power supply that includes batteries. When AC power is interrupted, the batteries discharge to supply power to the load. Because batteries do not have a neutral wire, a balancing bridge is usually required during battery discharge to prevent voltage imbalance between the positive and negative buses.
[0003] In existing technologies, since the battery charging and discharging circuit and the balance bridge are typically formed by switching transistors, Hall effect sampling elements need to be placed in the battery charging and discharging circuit to control the switching transistors. Simultaneously, Hall effect sampling elements also need to be placed in the balance bridge to control the switching transistors within it, resulting in low device utilization. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a hybrid topology and power supply to solve the problem of low device utilization in the prior art where the charging and discharging circuit and the balance bridge are sampled by their respective Hall elements.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a hybrid topology, including: a bidirectional charging and discharging module, a first switch module, a second switch module, and a first switch; wherein, the bidirectional charging and discharging module is provided with a sampling element, which is used to sample the current parameters of the circuit;
[0006] The positive charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the second terminal of the first switch module, the first terminal of the first switch, and the positive terminal of the battery, respectively. The negative charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module, the second terminal of the first switch, and the negative terminal of the battery, respectively. The positive discharging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the positive DC bus, the negative discharging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the negative DC bus, and the neutral terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the N line.
[0007] The first terminal of the first switch module is connected to the positive DC bus, and the second terminal of the second switch module is connected to the negative DC bus.
[0008] When the bidirectional charge / discharge module is used to charge or discharge the battery, the first switch is open, and both the first switch module and the second switch module are open.
[0009] When the bidirectional charge / discharge module is not used to charge or discharge the battery, the first switch is closed, the second end of the first switch module is connected to the center line end of the bidirectional charge / discharge module, and the first switch module and the second switch module form a balanced bridge; and the sampling element is connected in series between the second end of the first switch module and the center line end of the bidirectional charge / discharge module.
[0010] Optionally, the number of sampling elements is two; the bidirectional charging and discharging module includes: a first BUCK bridge arm circuit and a second BUCK bridge arm circuit;
[0011] The first end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the positive discharge end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module, the second end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the neutral end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module, and the third end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the positive charging end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module.
[0012] The first end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the negative discharge end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module, the second end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the neutral end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module, and the third end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the negative charging end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module.
[0013] The first sampling element is located in the path between the second end and the third end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit, and the second sampling element is located in the path between the second end and the third end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit.
[0014] Optionally, the circuit structures of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit and the second BUCK bridge arm circuit are the same.
[0015] Optionally, the first BUCK bridge arm circuit includes: a first inductor, a first switching transistor, and a second switching transistor;
[0016] The first end of the first inductor is connected to the third end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit, and the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first switch and the first end of the second switch, respectively.
[0017] The second terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first terminal of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit;
[0018] The second terminal of the second switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit.
[0019] The first sampling element is connected in series between the intersection of the first and second switching transistors and the third terminal of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit.
[0020] Optionally, both the first and second switching transistors are field-effect transistors.
[0021] Optionally, both the first and second switching modules are switching transistors.
[0022] Optionally, the mixed topology also includes: a second switch and a third switch;
[0023] The first terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module, the second terminal of the first switch module, and the first terminal of the first switch, respectively.
[0024] The first terminal of the third switch is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the second terminal of the third switch is connected to the negative charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module, the second terminal of the second switch module, and the second terminal of the first switch.
[0025] Optionally, the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch can all be relays.
[0026] Optionally, the sampling element is a Hall element.
[0027] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply including the hybrid topology provided in the first aspect of the present invention.
[0028] This invention provides a hybrid topology and power supply. The hybrid topology includes a bidirectional charging / discharging module, a first switch module, a second switch module, and a first switch. The bidirectional charging / discharging module includes a sampling element for sampling current parameters of the circuit. The positive charging terminal of the bidirectional charging / discharging module is connected to the second terminal of the first switch module, the first terminal of the first switch, and the positive terminal of the battery. The negative charging terminal of the bidirectional charging / discharging module is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module, the second terminal of the first switch, and the negative terminal of the battery. The positive discharging terminal of the bidirectional charging / discharging module is connected to the positive DC bus, and the negative discharging terminal is connected to the negative... The DC bus is connected, and the neutral terminal of the bidirectional charge / discharge module is connected to the N line. The first terminal of the first switching module is connected to the positive DC bus, and the second terminal of the second switching module is connected to the negative DC bus. When the bidirectional charge / discharge module is used to charge or discharge the battery, the first switch is open, and both the first and second switching modules are disconnected. When the bidirectional charge / discharge module is not used to charge or discharge the battery, the first switch is closed, and the second terminal of the first switching module is connected to the neutral terminal of the bidirectional charge / discharge module, forming a balanced bridge. A sampling element is connected in series between the second terminal of the first switching module and the neutral terminal of the bidirectional charge / discharge module. In this embodiment, the bidirectional charge / discharge module and the balanced bridge are combined into one, with both circuits sharing some components. Switching between different topologies is achieved through switching, improving component utilization and reducing circuit cost. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a mixed topology circuit structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The equivalent topology diagram shown is for a bridge balancing the mixed topology action.
[0032] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a hybrid topology provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The equivalent circuit diagram shown is when the hybrid topology is used as a balanced bridge.
[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure for another hybrid topology provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this solution, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this solution will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this solution, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this solution, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this solution.
[0036] The term "comprising" and any other variations thereof in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention mean "including but not limited to," and are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, not limited to the examples listed herein. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.
[0037] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hybrid topology provided in an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The hybrid topology includes: a bidirectional charging and discharging module 11, a first switch module 12, a second switch module 13, and a first switch K1; wherein, the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 is provided with a sampling element, which is used to sample the current parameters of the circuit;
[0039] The positive charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 is connected to the second terminal of the first switch module 12, the first terminal of the first switch K1, and the positive terminal BAT+ of the battery, respectively. The negative charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module 13, the second terminal of the first switch K1, and the negative terminal BAT- of the battery, respectively. The positive discharging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 is connected to the positive DC bus BUS+, the negative discharging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 is connected to the negative DC bus BUS-, and the neutral terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 is connected to the N line.
[0040] The first terminal of the first switch module 12 is connected to the positive DC bus BUS+, and the second terminal of the second switch module 13 is connected to the negative DC bus BUS-.
[0041] When the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 is used to charge or discharge the battery, the first switch K1 is open, and both the first switch module 12 and the second switch module 13 are open.
[0042] When the bidirectional charge / discharge module 11 is not used to charge or discharge the battery, the first switch K1 is closed, the second end of the first switch module 12 is connected to the center line end of the bidirectional charge / discharge module 11, and the first switch module 12 and the second switch module 13 form a balanced bridge; and the sampling element is connected in series between the second end of the first switch module 12 and the center line end of the bidirectional charge / discharge module 11.
[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the balanced bridge and the bidirectional charging / discharging module 11 are combined into one, sharing some components. The switching between different topologies is achieved by turning the first switch K1 on and off, reducing the number of components and improving component utilization. For example, the two topologies can share a sampling element. Since the sampling element is relatively expensive, this embodiment of the invention also reduces the cost and size of the circuit.
[0044] For example, when the battery is charging and discharging, the first switch K1 is open, the drive of the first switch module 12 and the second switch module 13 is turned off, the first and second ends of the first switch module 12 and the first and second ends of the second switch module 13 are disconnected, and the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 is used to charge and discharge the battery.
[0045] When the battery is not charging or discharging, it acts as a balance bridge, referencing Figure 2 When the first switch K1 is closed, the first switch module 12 and the second switch module 13 form a balanced bridge. At the same time, the intersection of the first switch module 12 and the second switch module 13 (the midpoint of the balanced bridge) is connected to the N line. The sampling element is connected in series between the intersection and the N line to sample the current parameters and balance the voltage of the positive DC bus BUS+ and the negative DC bus BUS-.
[0046] The present invention achieves the conversion between two topologies simply by switching the first switch K1, and the circuit structure is simple and effective.
[0047] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 3 The number of sampling elements can be two; the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 may include: a first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 and a second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112;
[0048] The first end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 is connected to the positive discharge end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module 11, the second end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 is connected to the neutral end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module 11, and the third end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 is connected to the positive charging end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module 11.
[0049] The first end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112 is connected to the negative discharge end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module 11, the second end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112 is connected to the neutral end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module 11, and the third end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112 is connected to the negative charging end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module 11.
[0050] The first sampling element (HALL1) is located in the path between the second end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 and the third end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111, and the second sampling element (HALL1) is located in the path between the second end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112 and the third end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112.
[0051] To maintain circuit balance, a bridge circuit can be used in this embodiment of the invention, including a first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 and a second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112. Two sampling elements (HALL1) are respectively set in the two bridge arms to control the two bridge arms respectively and realize charging and discharging.
[0052] It should be noted that since the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11 is bidirectional, the BUCK in the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 and the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112 does not constitute a limitation on the circuit function. When the DC bus is charging the battery, it is BUCK step-down, and when the battery is supplying power to the DC bus, it is BOOST step-up.
[0053] In one possible implementation, the circuit structures of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 and the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112 can be the same.
[0054] To maintain circuit balance, the circuit structures of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 and the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112 can be identical.
[0055] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 3 The first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 may include: a first inductor L1, a first switch Q1 and a second switch Q2;
[0056] The first end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the third end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111, and the second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the first switch Q1 and the first end of the second switch Q2 respectively.
[0057] The second terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111;
[0058] The second terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the second terminal of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111;
[0059] The first sampling element is connected in series between the intersection of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 and the third terminal of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111.
[0060] refer to Figure 3 During battery charging and discharging, two sampling elements are connected in series with two first inductors L1 to sample the path current and control each switching transistor to perform voltage boosting and deboosting to achieve battery charging and discharging.
[0061] The circuit structure of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112 is the same as that of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111. See [link / reference] for details. Figure 3 This will not be elaborated upon here.
[0062] When the battery is not charging or discharging, the second switch Q2 in the first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 is closed, and the first switch Q1 is open; in the second BUCK bridge arm circuit 112, the first switches Q1 are all closed, and the second switches Q2 are open, forming... Figure 4 The equivalent circuit diagram shown has the first inductor L1 directly connected to the N line. The two sampling elements (HALL1) sample the current in the path between the midpoint of the flat bridge and the N line, thereby balancing the voltage of the positive and negative buses.
[0063] based on Figure 3 The circuit structure shown in this embodiment of the invention not only reuses the sampling element, but also reuses the first inductor L1. Since the inductor is usually large, this embodiment of the invention not only improves the utilization rate of the device, but also reduces the size of the circuit.
[0064] The first BUCK bridge arm circuit 111 provided in this embodiment of the invention has a simple circuit structure, a small number of components, and low cost.
[0065] In one possible implementation, both the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 can be field-effect transistors.
[0066] In one possible implementation, both the first switch module 12 and the second switch module 13 can be switching transistors.
[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, a balanced bridge is formed using switching transistors, as referenced. Figure 3 The first switching module 12 includes a third switching transistor Q3, and the second switching module 13 includes a fourth switching transistor Q4. The positive and negative bus voltages are balanced by controlling the third switching transistor Q3 and the fourth switching transistor Q4. The specific principle will not be elaborated here.
[0068] In one possible implementation, both the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4 can be field-effect transistors.
[0069] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 5 The mixed topology may also include: the second switch K2 and the third switch K3;
[0070] The first terminal of the second switch K2 is connected to the positive terminal BAT+ of the battery, and the second terminal of the second switch K2 is connected to the positive charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11, the second terminal of the first switch module 12, and the first terminal of the first switch K1.
[0071] The first terminal of the third switch K3 is connected to the negative terminal BAT- of the battery, and the second terminal of the third switch K3 is connected to the negative charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module 11, the second terminal of the second switch module 13, and the second terminal of the first switch K1.
[0072] In this embodiment of the invention, a second switch K2 and a third switch K3 are also provided to disconnect the connection of the back end to the battery to avoid mutual interference.
[0073] In one possible implementation, the first switch K1, the second switch K2, and the third switch K3 can all be relays.
[0074] In one possible implementation, the sampling element can be a Hall element.
[0075] Furthermore, the sampling element can also be a CT sampling element or a sampling resistor.
[0076] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this invention also provides a power supply that includes the hybrid topology provided in any of the above embodiments, and has the advantages of the hybrid topology, which will not be repeated here.
[0077] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A hybrid topology, characterized in that, include: The bidirectional charging and discharging module includes a first switch module, a second switch module, and a first switch; wherein the bidirectional charging and discharging module is provided with a sampling element, which is used to sample the current parameters of the circuit. The positive charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the second terminal of the first switch module, the first terminal of the first switch, and the positive terminal of the battery, respectively. The negative charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module, the second terminal of the first switch, and the negative terminal of the battery, respectively. The positive discharging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the positive DC bus, the negative discharging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the negative DC bus, and the neutral terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module is connected to the N line. The first terminal of the first switch module is connected to the positive DC bus, and the second terminal of the second switch module is connected to the negative DC bus; When the bidirectional charging and discharging module is used to charge or discharge the battery, the first switch is turned off, and both the first switch module and the second switch module are turned off. When the bidirectional charge / discharge module is not used to charge or discharge the battery, the first switch is closed, the second end of the first switch module is connected to the center line end of the bidirectional charge / discharge module, and the first switch module and the second switch module form a balanced bridge; and the sampling element is connected in series between the second end of the first switch module and the center line end of the bidirectional charge / discharge module.
2. The mixed topology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of sampling elements is two; the bidirectional charging and discharging module includes: a first BUCK bridge arm circuit and a second BUCK bridge arm circuit; The first end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the positive discharge end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module, the second end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the center line end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module, and the third end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the positive charging end of the bidirectional charge and discharge module. The first end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the negative discharge terminal of the bidirectional charge and discharge module, the second end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the neutral terminal of the bidirectional charge and discharge module, and the third end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit is connected to the negative charging terminal of the bidirectional charge and discharge module. The first sampling element is set in the path between the second end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit and the third end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit, and the second sampling element is set in the path between the second end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit and the third end of the second BUCK bridge arm circuit.
3. The mixed topology as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first BUCK bridge arm circuit and the second BUCK bridge arm circuit have the same circuit structure.
4. The mixed topology as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first BUCK bridge arm circuit includes: a first inductor, a first switching transistor, and a second switching transistor; The first end of the first inductor is connected to the third end of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit, and the second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the first switch and the first end of the second switch, respectively. The second terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first terminal of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit. The second terminal of the second switching transistor is connected to the second terminal of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit; The first sampling element is connected in series between the intersection of the first and second switching transistors and the third terminal of the first BUCK bridge arm circuit.
5. The mixed topology as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Both the first and second switching transistors are field-effect transistors.
6. The mixed topology as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Both the first switch module and the second switch module are switching transistors.
7. The hybrid topology as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The hybrid topology also includes: a second switch and a third switch; The first end of the second switch is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the second end of the second switch is connected to the positive charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module, the second end of the first switch module, and the first end of the first switch, respectively. The first end of the third switch is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the second end of the third switch is connected to the negative charging terminal of the bidirectional charging and discharging module, the second end of the second switch module, and the second end of the first switch.
8. The mixed topology as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first switch, the second switch, and the third switch are all relays.
9. The hybrid topology as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The sampling element is a Hall element.
10. A power supply, characterized in that, Includes the hybrid topology as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.