A rice and wheat oil dual-purpose precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation

Abstract

The application discloses a rice-wheat-oil dual-purpose precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The seed feeding device comprises a dual-purpose seed box, a seed feeding device shell, a power source, a seed feeding mechanism, a spiral inclined seed stirring device and a transmission system. The bottom of the dual-purpose seed box is fixedly connected with the seed feeding device shell. The seed feeding mechanism and the spiral inclined seed stirring device are arranged in parallel inside the seed feeding device shell and are driven by the power source through the transmission system. The seed feeding mechanism comprises a plurality of rice-wheat-oil dual-purpose hole wheels arranged in a spiral manner. The outer surface of the rice-wheat-oil dual-purpose hole wheel is uniformly provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped structure hole types along the circumference. The side wall surface of the hole type comprises a plane part at the upper part and a curved surface part at the lower part, and the surface of the curved surface part is in the shape of a brachistochrone. The seed feeding device can realize high-speed stable precision seed feeding and can meet the requirements of rice, wheat, oilseed rape and other variable scale grains.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a rice-wheat-oilseed precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rice, wheat and oilseed rape are important grain and oil crops in China. Among them, rice-oilseed rape (or wheat) rotation is the main planting mode in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the seeding procedures of rice, wheat and oilseed rape are basically the same. The seeding quality significantly affects the population structure and yield of crops. In the prior art, air-assisted seed metering device is generally used for seeding. The air-assisted seed metering device completes seeding by means of quantitative seed feeding by a seed feeding device, uniform distribution by a distributor, and long-distance seed delivery into the soil by a seed delivery pipe. The air-assisted seed metering device has the advantages of high efficiency and strong versatility. The seed feeding device is a key component for realizing rice-wheat-oilseed compatibility and high-speed seed feeding. However, during high-speed seeding, the amount of seeds fed per unit time increases, and the seed filling and feeding time is shortened. In addition, due to the irregular shape and rough surface of rice and wheat seeds, the seed flowability is poor, which leads to insufficient seed filling during the seed filling stage and "flying seeds" due to the centrifugal force acting on the seeds during the seed carrying stage. If the seeds are not fed in time, the seeds may be damaged due to "seed jamming", which affects the stability of high-speed seed feeding, and further affects the subsequent seed delivery, distribution and other linked links, thereby affecting the high-speed seed metering accuracy. Moreover, due to the significant differences in the size and sowing requirements of rice, wheat and oilseed seeds, it is difficult to achieve compatibility. The lack of compatibility and poor stability of the seed feeding device of the air-assisted seed metering device are important factors that limit the further improvement of the working speed, seeding quality and machine utilization rate of the direct seeding machine. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a rice-wheat-oilseed compatible precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation. The seed feeding device can realize high-speed stable precision seed feeding and can meet the compatibility of rice, wheat, oilseed rape and other variable size seeds.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are used:

[0005] A rice-wheat-oilseed compatible precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation, comprising a compatible seed tank, a seed feeding device housing, a power source, a seed feeding mechanism, a spiral inclined seed stirring device and a transmission system. The bottom of the compatible seed tank is fixedly connected with the seed feeding device housing. The seed feeding mechanism and the spiral inclined seed stirring device are arranged in parallel inside the seed feeding device housing and are driven by the power source through the transmission system. The seed feeding mechanism comprises a plurality of rice-wheat-oilseed compatible hole wheels arranged in a spiral. The outer surface of the rice-wheat-oilseed compatible hole wheel is uniformly provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped holes. The side wall surface of the hole comprises a flat portion at the upper part and a curved portion at the lower part. The surface of the curved portion is in the form of a brachistochrone.

[0006] The rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatible precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation of the present application is used to flow rice, wheat or oilseed rape seeds from the compatible seed box into the seed feeding device below, the power source drives the seed feeding mechanism and the spiral inclined seed stirring device to rotate through the transmission system, and then stirs the seed pile and makes the seeds fall into the type holes of the rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatible hole wheel in the seed feeding mechanism to realize precision seed feeding; wherein the seed feeding mechanism comprises a plurality of rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatible hole wheels, the number of the rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatible hole wheels can be adjusted according to the specific type of seeds to realize rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatibility; the rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatible hole wheels are arranged in a spiral manner, which can reduce the pulse phenomenon of the seed flow, form a uniform and continuous seed flow, and improve the stability during high-speed operation.

[0007] The present application fully considers the influence of friction on the falling speed of seeds, and designs the side wall surface of the type hole on the rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatible hole wheel as a flat part at the upper part and a curved part in the shape of a brachistochrone at the lower part; the brachistochrone is the smoothest path connecting two points in the shortest time, and the side wall of the type hole is arranged in this way to realize rapid seed filling, stable seed carrying, and timely seed dropping; during seed filling, the seeds slide along the brachistochrone of the type hole side wall quickly, which can shorten the seed filling time and realize rapid seed filling; during seed carrying, the resistance of the seeds sliding along the type hole side wall is small, the seeds slide along the type hole side wall to the bottom and accumulate, thereby avoiding the flying seed phenomenon and stably carrying seeds; during seed dropping, the seeds slide along the type hole side wall and drop in time to avoid blockage; the type hole side wall containing the brachistochrone can improve the seed filling, seed carrying and seed dropping performance of the hole wheel during high-speed rotation, which is beneficial to realize high-speed and stable seed feeding.

[0008] Preferably, the length of the type hole of the rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatible hole wheel is 16 mm, the height of the type hole is 10 mm, the width of the type hole aperture is 14 mm, and the width of the type hole bottom is 9 mm.

[0009] Due to the large difference in the size and sowing amount requirements of rice, wheat and oilseed rape seeds, it is easy to cause seed filling shortage during the seed filling stage and the flying seed problem during seed carrying, and thus it is difficult to realize rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatibility. Based on the mechanical and physical properties of rice, wheat and oilseed rape seeds and the distribution law of seed filling posture, the present application takes the irregular shape and poor flowability of rice seeds as the basis, and at the same time considers the seed feeding amount of oilseed rape, and designs the length of the type hole to be 16 mm, the height of the type hole to be 10 mm, the width of the type hole aperture to be 14 mm, and the width of the type hole bottom to be 9 mm; this type hole parameter can meet the posture requirements of rice, wheat and oilseed rape seeds in the “lying + lateral lying” posture, and realize rice-wheat-oilseed rape compatibility.

[0010] Preferably, the seed supply mechanism comprises a fixed end and a detachable end; the fixed end is rotatably connected to the shell of the seed supply device, and the fixed end and the detachable end are detachably connected; the detachable end comprises a detachable end seed supply shaft and a type hole wheel combination; the type hole wheel combination is fixed on the detachable end seed supply shaft, and the type hole wheel combination comprises a rice and wheat oil compatible type hole wheel, a self-lubricating blank wheel and an embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve; the embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve is fixed on the detachable end seed supply shaft, and the self-lubricating blank wheel is sleeved on the embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve.

[0011] The seed supply mechanism of the present application is divided into a fixed end and a detachable end, the fixed end remains stationary to ensure the concentricity of the seed supply mechanism, and the detachable end can be easily disassembled and replaced, and the number of type hole wheels and blank wheels on the detachable end seed supply shaft is adjusted to match the seed supply rate adjustment requirements under different crops and different operation speeds; the self-lubricating blank wheel is fixed on the end of the detachable end seed supply shaft through the embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve, and when the embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve rotates with the detachable end seed supply shaft, the self-lubricating blank wheel can remain relatively fixed due to its lubricating properties, thereby avoiding the seed dragging phenomenon generated during high-speed rotation of the seed supply mechanism and improving the stability of high-speed seed supply.

[0012] Preferably, the spiral inclined seed stirring device comprises a seed stirring long shaft, a seed stirring shaft sleeve and an inclined seed stirring rod, and a plurality of inclined seed stirring rods are spirally arranged on the seed stirring shaft sleeve; the seed stirring shaft sleeve is fixed on the seed stirring long shaft.

[0013] In the spiral inclined seed stirring device of the present application, the inclined seed stirring rods can rotate with the seed stirring long shaft, which plays a disturbing role on the seeds in the filling area, increases the seed dispersion degree in the filling area, improves the flowability of irregular and rough surface seeds such as rice and wheat, reduces the filling resistance and assists the filling; the inclined seed stirring rods are arranged obliquely, which expands the disturbance range, and the inclined seed stirring rods are spirally arranged in sequence, corresponding to the spiral arrangement of the type hole wheels, thereby improving the filling stability.

[0014] Preferably, the compatible type seed box comprises a seed box shell, a rice seed volume adjusting partition and a rapeseed volume partition; a plurality of rice seed volume adjusting partitions and rapeseed volume partitions are fixed in parallel on the inner side wall of the seed box shell.

[0015] Due to the large difference in the three-axis size and the sowing quantity of rice, wheat and rape seeds, if the same seed box volume is used, the sowing of rice and rape cannot meet the seed layer height, affecting the stability of the seed filling; according to the difference in the size and the sowing quantity of rice, wheat and rape seeds, a plurality of rice seed volume adjusting partitions and rape seed volume partitions are arranged in the inside of the combined seed box, so that the combined use of rice, wheat and rape seeds can be realized; the rape seed volume partition is arranged in parallel with the rice seed volume adjusting partition, and the rape seed volume partition is detachably connected with the inside wall of the combined seed box shell; when sowing wheat, the wheat seeds are evenly added in the whole combined seed box for sowing; when sowing rice, only the rice seeds are added in the volume composed of the rice seed volume adjusting partition and the combined seed box shell for sowing operation; when sowing rape, only the rape seeds are added in the volume composed of the rape seed volume adjusting partition and the combined seed box shell for sowing operation, wherein the rape seed volume adjusting partition can be detached when sowing rice and wheat seeds, so as to facilitate sowing.

[0016] Preferably, the transmission system is located on the seed feeding device shell, and comprises a seed feeding synchronous belt set driving wheel, a seed feeding synchronous belt set driven wheel, a seed feeding synchronous belt, a seed stirring synchronous belt set driving wheel, a seed stirring synchronous belt set driven wheel and a seed stirring synchronous belt; the seed feeding synchronous belt set driving wheel is coaxially connected with the output end of the power source, and is in transmission connection with the seed feeding synchronous belt set driven wheel through the seed feeding synchronous belt; the seed feeding synchronous belt set driven wheel and the seed stirring synchronous belt set driving wheel are coaxially fixed with the seed feeding mechanism; the seed stirring synchronous belt set driven wheel is coaxially fixed with the spiral inclined seed stirring device, and is in transmission connection with the seed stirring synchronous belt set driving wheel through the seed stirring synchronous belt.

[0017] The transmission system is driven by the power source to rotate the seed feeding synchronous belt set driving wheel, thereby driving the seed feeding synchronous belt set driven wheel to rotate, the seed stirring synchronous belt set driving wheel coaxial with the seed feeding synchronous belt set driven wheel rotates and drives the seed stirring synchronous belt set driven wheel to rotate, and finally the seed feeding mechanism and the spiral inclined seed stirring device are synchronously rotated to complete the seed feeding and auxiliary seed filling under high-speed operation; meanwhile, according to the different sowing crops, different stirring speeds can be matched by replacing the seed stirring synchronous belt set, so as to realize the combined use of rice, wheat and rape.

[0018] Preferably, a seed layer adjusting plate is arranged above the seed feeding mechanism for guiding the seed flow to the seed stirring device; the seed layer adjusting plate is fixed at both ends on the inside wall of the seed feeding device shell and is arranged obliquely towards the spiral inclined seed stirring device.

[0019] The seed feeding device of the present application is further provided with a seed layer adjusting plate above the seed feeding mechanism, which is obliquely arranged to guide the falling seeds above to the seed stirring device and adjust the height and thickness of the seed layer below.

[0020] Preferably, the seed supply device shell comprises a left shell, a right shell, a front shell and a rear shell; the inner side wall of the rear shell is in the shape of a brachistochrone curve and is provided with a plurality of air holes.

[0021] The inner side wall of the rear shell of the seed supply device is designed according to the principle of the brachistochrone curve. When the type hole wheel rotates at high speed, the seeds falling after being dropped can quickly slide along the inner side wall after contacting the rear shell, avoiding blockage caused by the seeds not being dropped in time, and realizing high-speed seed dropping. A plurality of air holes are provided on the rear shell, which can avoid the backflow of seeds during high-speed seed supply.

[0022] Preferably, the front shell is connected with a convenient seed unloading component at the lower end, and the convenient seed unloading component comprises an unloading plate and an unloading wobble handle. The unloading plate is connected with the front shell at the left end and is fixed to the left shell through the unloading wobble handle.

[0023] The seed supply device of the present application is also provided with a convenient seed unloading component at the lower end of the front shell. The convenient seed unloading component comprises an unloading plate and an unloading wobble handle. After the seeding operation is completed, the unloading plate can be pulled out by rotating the unloading wobble handle, and the seeds that have not been discharged from the seed supply device can be unloaded, which facilitates subsequent seeding of other types of seeds.

[0024] Preferably, the lower end of the convenient seed unloading component is connected with a starting filling position adjusting block, and the two ends of the starting filling position adjusting block are fixed to the left shell and the right shell, respectively.

[0025] If the starting filling angle is too small, the seeds may be stuck during filling. If the filling angle is too large, the filling time may not be enough, affecting the stability of the filling stage and making it difficult to achieve high-speed operation. By installing the starting filling position adjusting block and adjusting the angle of the starting filling position adjusting block, the starting filling angle is made appropriate, and the stability of the seed supply stage is improved.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0027] (1) In the rice-wheat-oil seed precision seed supply device suitable for high-speed operation, the side wall surface of the rice-wheat-oil seed type hole wheel is designed according to the brachistochrone curve, which can realize rapid filling, stable seed carrying and timely seed dropping, improve the filling, carrying and dropping performance of the type hole wheel during high-speed rotation, and is conducive to realizing high-speed and stable seed supply.

[0028] (2) The parameters of the type hole of the rice-wheat-oil seed type hole wheel in the rice-wheat-oil seed precision seed supply device suitable for high-speed operation are based on the mechanical and physical characteristics of rice, wheat and oilseed seeds and the distribution law of seed filling posture, and are designed based on the irregular shape and poor flowability of rice seeds, which can meet the demand for the use of rice, wheat and oilseed seeds.

[0029] (3) The rice-wheat oil compatible type precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation of the present application is provided with rice-wheat oil compatible type hole wheels arranged in sequence and staggered spirally, which can improve the continuous feeding and seed throwing performance of the seed feeding device, reduce the pulsation phenomenon and make the high-speed seed feeding more stable; at the same time, the number of the rice-wheat oil compatible type hole wheels can be adjusted according to the specific type of seeds to realize the rice-wheat oil compatibility.

[0030] (4) The rice-wheat oil compatible type precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation of the present application is further provided with a seed stirring device, which can play a disturbing role on the seed in the feeding area, increase the seed dispersion degree in the feeding area and reduce the feeding resistance; different from the conventional seed stirring device, the seed stirring rod is arranged obliquely in the present application, which can expand the disturbing range; at the same time, the spirally arranged seed stirring rod corresponds to the spiral arrangement of the hole wheel, which can improve the stability of high-speed feeding; in addition, different stirring speeds can be matched by replacing the seed stirring synchronous belt set, realizing the rice-wheat oil compatibility.

[0031] (5) The compatible type seed box of the rice-wheat oil compatible type precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation of the present application is provided with a rice seed volume adjusting partition plate and a rape seed volume partition plate, respectively, which can throw seeds at different positions according to the differences in the sowing requirements of the three crops of rice, wheat and rape, realizing the rice-wheat oil compatibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The structure schematic view of the rice-wheat oil compatible type precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation described in embodiment one;

[0033] Figure 2 The rear view of the compatible type seed box described in embodiment one;

[0034] Figure 3 The local structure schematic view of the rice-wheat oil compatible type precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation described in embodiment one;

[0035] Figure 4 The left view of the seed feeding device shell described in embodiment one;

[0036] Figure 5 The right view of the seed feeding device shell described in embodiment one;

[0037] Figure 6 The sectional view of the seed feeding mechanism described in embodiment one;

[0038] Figure 7 The structure schematic view of the disassembled end of the seed feeding mechanism described in embodiment one;

[0039] Figure 8 The structure schematic view of the rice-wheat oil compatible type hole wheel described in embodiment one;

[0040] Figure 9This is a partial schematic diagram of the bore in the rice-wheat-oil dual-purpose bore wheel described in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral inclined seed stirring device described in Embodiment 1;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the rear shell structure described in Embodiment 1.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Multi-purpose seed box; 11. Seed box shell; 12. Rice seed volume adjustment partition; 13. Rapeseed seed volume adjustment partition; 14. Transparent viewing window; 2. Seed supply device shell; 21. Left shell; 22. Right shell; 23. Front shell; 24. Rear shell; 241. Rear shell side wall; 242. Ventilation hole; 3. Power source; 31. 86 stepper drive motor; 32. Motor output shaft; 4. Seed supply mechanism; 41. Fixed end; 411. Fixed end seed supply shaft; 412. Fixed end seed supply shaft flange bearing; 42. Disassembly end; 421. Disassembly end seed supply shaft; 422. Hole wheel assembly; 4221. Rice, wheat, and rapeseed multi-purpose hole wheel; 42211. Hole; 422 2. Self-lubricating blank wheel; 4223. Embedded blank wheel bushing; 4224. Hole wheel spacer; 423. Positioning snap ring; 424. Disassembly end seed supply shaft flange bearing; 5. Spiral inclined seed stirring device; 51. Seed stirring long shaft; 52. Seed stirring shaft bushing; 53. Inclined seed stirring rod; 54. Seed stirring shaft belt seat bearing; 6. Transmission system; 61. Seed supply synchronous belt group drive wheel; 62. Seed supply synchronous belt group driven wheel; 63. Seed supply synchronous belt; 64. Seed stirring synchronous belt group drive wheel; 65. Seed stirring synchronous belt group driven wheel; 66. Seed stirring synchronous belt; 7. Seed layer adjustment plate; 8. Starting position adjustment block; 9. Convenient seed unloading component; 91. Seed unloading plate; 92. Seed unloading plum blossom handle. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a precision seed supply device suitable for high-speed operation, applicable to both rice, wheat, and oilseed crops. Specifically, it includes a dual-purpose seed box 1, a seed supply device housing 2, a power source 3, a seed supply mechanism 4, a spiral inclined seed stirring device 5, a transmission system 6, a seed layer adjustment plate 7, a filling position adjustment block 8, and a convenient seed unloading component 9. The dual-purpose seed box 1 is bolted to the top of the seed supply device housing 2.Figure 2 As shown, the seed box 1 includes a seed box shell 11, a rice seed volume adjusting partition 12, a rape seed volume adjusting partition 13 and a transparent viewing window 14, the rice seed volume adjusting partition 12 is symmetrically welded inside the seed box shell 11, the rape seed volume adjusting partition 13 is fixed on the seed box shell 11 by bolts, the transparent viewing window 14 is made of acrylic transparent material and is connected on the front and rear panels below the seed box shell 11 by bolts, so as to facilitate the observation of the remaining seed quantity in the seed box shell 11. According to the shape size and sowing quantity requirements of rice, wheat and rape seeds, the volume adjusting partitions are arranged, so that the three kinds of seeds can be used together; when sowing wheat, the wheat seeds are added in the whole seed box shell 11 for sowing operation; when sowing rice, the rice seeds are added in the volume composed of the rice seed volume adjusting partition 12 and the seed box shell 11 for sowing operation; when sowing rape, the rape seeds are added in the volume composed of the rape seed volume adjusting partition 13 and the seed box shell 11 for sowing operation, wherein the rape seed volume adjusting partition 13 can be removed when sowing rice and wheat seeds.

[0047] As shown in the figure, Figures 3-5 As shown, the seed supply device shell 2 is divided into a left shell 21, a right shell 22, a front shell 23 and a rear shell 24, the power source 3 includes a 86 step drive motor 31 and a motor output shaft 32, the 86 step drive motor 31 is fixed on the left shell 21 by bolt connection, the motor output shaft 32 penetrates the left shell 21 and is connected with a seed supply synchronous belt set driving wheel 61 in the transmission system 6; the seed supply synchronous belt set driving wheel 61 is transmissionally connected with a seed supply synchronous belt set driven wheel 62 through a seed supply synchronous belt 63, a seed stirring synchronous belt set driving wheel 64 is coaxially fixed with the seed supply synchronous belt set driven wheel 62 and is transmissionally connected with a seed stirring synchronous belt set driven wheel 65 through a seed stirring synchronous belt 66; the seed supply mechanism 4 and the spiral inclined seed stirring device 5 are arranged in parallel in the seed supply device shell 2, the seed supply mechanism 4 is coaxially fixed with the seed supply synchronous belt set driven wheel 62, the spiral inclined seed stirring device 5 is coaxially fixed with the seed stirring synchronous belt set driven wheel 65; during the operation of the device, the 86 step drive motor 31 can drive the transmission system 6 to rotate, so as to realize the synchronous rotation of the seed supply mechanism 4 and the spiral inclined seed stirring device 5, the seed supply mechanism 4 uniformly and stably discharges rice, wheat and rape seeds, the spiral inclined seed stirring device 5 plays a disturbing role on the seeds in the filling area, increases the flowability of irregular seeds such as rice and wheat to assist the filling, and the two cooperate to realize high-speed stable seed supply.

[0048] In addition, the seed supply mechanism 4 is further provided with a seed layer adjusting plate 7, both ends of the seed layer adjusting plate 7 are fixed on the left shell 21 and the right shell 22 through bolts, and the seed layer adjusting plate 7 is arranged obliquely towards one side of the helical inclined seed stirring device 5, the seed layer adjusting plate 7 can guide the seed flow falling from above to the helical inclined seed stirring device 5, and can adjust the height and thickness of the seed layer below; the front shell 23 is further provided below with a convenient seed discharging component 9, the convenient seed discharging component 9 includes a seed discharging plate 91 and a seed discharging wobble handle 92, the seed discharging plate 91 is connected with the front shell 23 in common, the left end is bent by 90° through the left shell 21, and is fixed on the left shell 21 through the seed discharging wobble handle 92; after the seeding operation is completed, the seed discharging plate 91 can be pulled out by rotating the seed discharging wobble handle 92, and the seeds not discharged in the seed supply device are discharged, which is convenient for subsequent seeding of other types of seeds; the convenient seed discharging component 9 is further connected below with a starting charging position adjusting block 8, both ends of the starting charging position adjusting block 8 are fixed on the right shell 22 of the left shell 21 respectively, and the angle between the surface of the starting charging position adjusting block 8 towards one side of the helical inclined seed stirring device 5 and the horizontal direction is 30° (as shown in Figure 5 , so that the starting charging angle of the seed layer between the starting charging position adjusting block 8 and the seed discharging plate 91 is also 30°, which is appropriate in size, and will not cause insufficient charging time and affect the stability of the charging stage, nor will there be the problem of seed jamming during charging, which improves the stability of the seed supply stage.

[0049] As Figure 6 and 7As shown, the seed feeding mechanism 4 includes a fixed end 41 and a detachable end 42; the fixed end 41 includes a fixed end seed feeding shaft 411 and a fixed end seed feeding shaft flange bearing 412, the fixed end seed feeding shaft 411 is drivingly connected to the left shell 21 through the fixed end seed feeding shaft flange bearing 412, and is coaxially connected with the seed feeding synchronous belt set driven wheel 62 and the seed feeding synchronous belt set driving wheel 64. The detachable end 42 includes a detachable end seed feeding shaft 421, a type hole wheel combination 422, a positioning snap spring 423 and a detachable end seed feeding shaft flange bearing 424, the right end of the detachable end seed feeding shaft 421 is drivingly connected to the right shell 22 through the detachable end seed feeding shaft flange bearing 424, and the left end is connected with the fixed end 41; the type hole wheel combination 422 is sleeved on the detachable end seed feeding shaft 421, and specifically includes rice-wheat-oil compatible type hole wheels 4221, self-lubricating blank wheels 4222, embedded blank wheel shaft sleeves 4223 and type hole wheel spacing plates 4224; a plurality of rice-wheat-oil compatible type hole wheels 4221 are spirally arranged on the detachable end seed feeding shaft 421, and are fixed in position through the positioning snap spring 423, adjacent rice-wheat-oil compatible type hole wheels 4221 are separated by type hole wheel spacing plates 4224; the self-lubricating blank wheel 4222 is located at the end of the type hole wheel combination 422, and is fixed on the detachable end seed feeding shaft 421 through the embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve 4223, the self-lubricating blank wheel 4222 has a double-sided 0.3mm gap with the embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve 4223; when the embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve 4223 rotates with the detachable end seed feeding shaft 421, the self-lubricating blank wheel 4222 is made of ABS material, and due to its own lubricating property, it can remain relatively fixed, thereby avoiding the seed dragging phenomenon generated during high-speed rotation of the seed feeding mechanism, and improving the stability of high-speed seed feeding; during operation of the seed feeding device, the number of rice-wheat-oil compatible type hole wheels 4221 and self-lubricating blank wheels 4222 and the rotating speed of the 86 step motor 31 can be adjusted to match the seed feeding rate adjustment requirements under different crops and different operation speeds, so that the device can be applicable to rice-wheat-oil crops; the rice-wheat-oil compatible type hole wheels 4221 are spirally arranged, which can reduce the pulse phenomenon of the seed flow, form uniform and continuous seed flow, and improve the stability during high-speed operation.

[0050] As Figure 8 and 9As shown, the rice-wheat-oil dual-purpose orifice wheel 4221 has 14 wedge-shaped orifices 42211 evenly distributed on the outer surface along the circumference, the orifice length L is 16 mm, the orifice height H is 10 mm, the orifice opening width A is 14 mm, and the orifice bottom width B is 9 mm. The orifice structure is an important factor affecting the stable seed supply of the high-speed dual-purpose seed collector, mainly including the orifice size and shape. Research shows that the seed filling posture of hybrid rice and wheat seeds is mainly "flat + lateral", and the probability is more than 80%. Due to the large difference in the size of rice and wheat seeds, the parameters of the orifice in the application are calculated by taking the larger value of the corresponding three-axis size of rice and wheat seeds. According to the requirements of the direct seeding technology of hybrid rice and wheat seeds, 3-8 seeds are filled in a single orifice, and the orifice parameters are calculated based on the maximum value of 8 seeds. The orifice opening width A, the orifice bottom width B, the orifice height H and the orifice length L are calculated according to the following formula:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, A is the orifice opening width, mm; B is the orifice bottom width, mm; K w is the width adjustment coefficient, the value is 1.3; W max is the maximum width of wheat seeds, the value is 3.6 mm; H is the orifice height, mm; k h is the height adjustment coefficient, the value is 0.9; k l is the length adjustment coefficient, the value is 1.5; L max is the maximum length of rice seeds, the value is 10.9 mm.

[0053] Meanwhile, the wall surface of the type hole is also an important structure affecting the filling and throwing effect of the seeds, the wall surface curve of the type hole is designed based on the principle of the brachistochrone, and the friction force between the seeds and the side wall of the type hole is considered to affect the sliding speed of the seeds, the side wall surface of the type hole is designed as a combined shape of a straight line at the upper part and a brachistochrone type curve at the lower part; the brachistochrone is a smooth path connecting two points with the shortest time, and the side wall of the type hole is arranged according to this, so that the type hole can realize rapid filling, stable seed carrying and timely seed dropping; during the filling, the seeds slide along the brachistochrone of the side wall of the type hole rapidly, so that the filling time can be shortened, and rapid filling can be realized; during the seed carrying, the resistance of the seeds sliding along the side wall of the type hole is small, the seeds slide along the side wall of the type hole to the bottom and are accumulated, so that the flying seed phenomenon is avoided, and the seed carrying is stable; during the seed dropping, the seeds slide along the side wall of the type hole, and timely seed dropping avoids blockage; the existing research shows that the curved surface structure designed based on the principle of the brachistochrone is beneficial to improving the flowability of the particles and the uniformity and stability of the particle movement, so that the side wall of the type hole in the brachistochrone type can increase the flowability of irregular seeds such as rice and wheat, improve the filling, carrying and throwing performance of the type hole wheel during high-speed rotation, and is beneficial to realizing high-speed and stable seed supply; in addition, in order to realize the use of rice, wheat and rape seeds, the brachistochrone curves of the rice, wheat and rape seeds are combined, the type hole side wall curve of the rice seeds with a larger friction coefficient (the friction coefficient is 0.55) is selected, the curve is steeper than the curves of the wheat and rape seeds, and the seed sliding is more beneficial. The specific type hole side wall curve equation is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, θ1 is in the range of θ1∈[1.01, 2.19]; OC is the upper section of the side wall surface of the type hole, and CD is the lower section of the side wall surface of the type hole.

[0056] As shown in Figure 10 The spiral inclined type seed stirring device 5 includes a seed stirring long shaft 51, a seed stirring shaft sleeve 52, an inclined type seed stirring rod 53 and a seed stirring shaft bearing seat 54, both ends of the seed stirring long shaft 51 are fixed on the left shell 21 and the right shell 22 through the seed stirring shaft bearing seat 54, and the left end of the seed stirring long shaft 51 penetrates through the left shell 21 and is coaxially connected with the seed stirring synchronous belt set driven wheel 65; the seed stirring shaft sleeve 52 is fixed on the seed stirring long shaft 51, and the inclined type seed stirring rod 53 is spirally arranged on the seed stirring shaft sleeve 52; during the work of the seed supply device, the inclined type seed stirring rod 53 can rotate with the seed stirring long shaft 51, can disturb the seeds in the filling area, increase the seed dispersity in the filling area, improve the flowability of irregular and rough surface seeds such as rice and wheat, reduce the filling resistance and assist the filling; meanwhile, the inclined type seed stirring rod is spirally arranged in sequence and corresponds to the spiral arrangement of the type hole wheel, and the filling stability is improved.

[0057] As shown in Figure 11As shown, the inner side wall of the rear shell 24 is in the form of a brachistochrone, and three 5mm circular air holes are formed; the inner side wall of the seed supply device rear shell is designed according to the brachistochrone principle, and when the hole wheel rotates at high speed, the seed after falling can quickly slide along the inner side wall after contacting the rear shell, avoiding the blockage caused by the non-timely falling of the seed, and realizing high-speed seed falling; the air holes formed on the rear shell can avoid the backflow phenomenon of the seed during high-speed seed supply.

[0058] The above detailed description of the embodiments describes the present application, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the claims and technical concepts of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application can be variously modified and changed, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rice and wheat dual-purpose precision seed feeding device suitable for high-speed operation, characterized in that, The utility model provides a kind of rice and oilseed rape seed supply device, including dual-purpose seed tank, seed supply device shell, power source, seed supply mechanism, helical inclined type seed stirring device and transmission system;The bottom of the dual-purpose seed tank is fixedly connected with the seed supply device shell;The seed supply mechanism and helical inclined type seed stirring device are arranged in parallel in the seed supply device shell, and both are driven by power source through transmission system;The seed supply mechanism includes a plurality of rice and oilseed rape seed supply hole wheels arranged in spiral;The outer surface of the rice and oilseed rape seed supply hole wheel is evenly distributed with a plurality of wedge-shaped holes along the circumference;The side wall of the hole includes a flat part at the upper part and a curved part at the lower part, and the surface of the curved part is in the form of brachistochrone;The curve equation of the side wall is: ； In the formula θ 1 is in the range of θ 1 ∈ [1.01, 2.19]; OC is the upper portion of the side wall surface of the mold hole, CD is the lower portion of the side wall surface of the mold hole; The length of the hole of the rice and oilseed rape seed supply hole wheel is 16mm, the height of the hole is 10mm, the width of the hole is 14mm, and the width of the hole bottom is 9mm.

2. The rice and wheat oil precision seed feeding device according to claim 1, wherein The seed supply mechanism includes fixed end and dismounting end;The fixed end is rotatably connected to the shell of the seed supply device, and the fixed end and the dismounting end are detachably connected;The dismounting end includes dismounting end seed supply shaft and hole wheel combination;The hole wheel combination is fixed on the dismounting end seed supply shaft, and the hole wheel combination includes rice and oilseed rape seed supply hole wheel, self-lubricating blank wheel and embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve;The embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve is fixed on the dismounting end seed supply shaft, and the self-lubricating blank wheel is sleeved on the embedded blank wheel shaft sleeve.

3. The rice and wheat oil precision seed feeding device according to claim 1, wherein, The helical inclined type seed stirring device includes stirring long shaft, stirring shaft sleeve and inclined type stirring rod;A plurality of inclined type stirring rods are arranged in spiral on the stirring shaft sleeve;The stirring shaft sleeve is fixed on the stirring long shaft.

4. The rice and wheat oil precision seed feeding device according to claim 1, wherein, The dual-purpose seed tank includes tank shell, rice seed volume adjusting partition and rape seed volume partition;A plurality of rice seed volume adjusting partitions and rape seed volume partitions are fixed on the inner side wall of the tank shell in parallel.

5. The rice and wheat precision seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission system is located on the seed supply device shell, and includes seed supply synchronous belt set driving wheel, seed supply synchronous belt set driven wheel, seed supply synchronous belt, stirring synchronous belt set driving wheel, stirring synchronous belt set driven wheel and stirring synchronous belt;The seed supply synchronous belt set driving wheel is coaxially connected with the output end of the power source, and is drivingly connected with the seed supply synchronous belt set driven wheel through the seed supply synchronous belt;The seed supply synchronous belt set driven wheel and the stirring synchronous belt set driving wheel are coaxially fixed with the seed supply mechanism;The stirring synchronous belt set driven wheel is coaxially fixed with the helical inclined type seed stirring device, and is drivingly connected with the stirring synchronous belt set driving wheel through the stirring synchronous belt.

6. The rice and wheat precision seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein, A seed layer adjusting plate is arranged above the seed supply mechanism for guiding the flow of seeds to the seed stirring device;The seed layer adjusting plate is fixed at both ends on the inner side wall of the seed supply device shell and is arranged inclined to the side of the helical inclined type seed stirring device.

7. The rice and wheat precision seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein, The seed supply device shell includes left shell, right shell, front shell and rear shell;The inner side wall of the rear shell is in the form of brachistochrone, and a plurality of air holes are formed therein.

8. The rice and wheat precision seed metering device according to claim 7, wherein, The front shell is connected with a convenient seed discharging component at the lower end, and the convenient seed discharging component includes a seed discharging plate and a seed discharging wobble handle, the seed discharging plate is connected with the rear shell, and the left end is fixed on the left shell through the seed discharging wobble handle.

9. The rice and wheat precision seed metering device according to claim 8, wherein, The lower end of the convenient seed unloading part is connected with a position adjusting block for starting and filling, and the two ends of the position adjusting block are respectively fixed on the left shell and the right shell.

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