A high-efficiency stirring and precise fertilization water and fertilizer integrated system

Abstract

The application provides a water and fertilizer integrated system with high efficiency stirring and precise fertilization. The water and fertilizer integrated system comprises a solid fertilizer feeding device, a liquid fertilizer feeding device, a stirring device and a fertilizer feeding device. The solid fertilizer feeding device comprises a solid fertilizer tank, a shutter mechanism and a quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The shutter mechanism has a shutter opening communicated with a fertilizer outlet of the solid fertilizer tank and a shutter adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening size of the shutter opening. The quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device comprises two or more than two quantitative feeding cavities with different sizes and a quantitative adjusting mechanism for communicating one of the quantitative feeding cavities with the shutter opening. The outlet ends of the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device and the liquid fertilizer feeding device are respectively communicated with the inlet end of the stirring device. The fertilizer feeding device is communicated with the outlet end of the stirring device. The water and fertilizer integrated system improves the precision of fertilizer feeding, the stirring efficiency and the uniformity of water and fertilizer solution and reduces the waste of fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, and in particular to an integrated water and fertilizer system for efficient mixing and precise fertilization. Background Technology

[0002] Integrated water and fertilizer management technology utilizes a pipeline system to provide appropriate irrigation for crops, thereby managing water and fertilizer simultaneously. In agricultural production, water and nutrients have a significant impact on crop growth, and the relationship between water and fertilizer is very complex. Therefore, a rational combination of fertilization and irrigation can greatly increase crop yields. However, currently, fertilization is often done by directly mixing fertilizers in the field, resulting in massive pollution and waste.

[0003] Fertilizer and water integration typically utilizes a pressure system to mix fertilizer with irrigation water according to the crop's growth needs, forming a fertigation solution. This solution is then delivered to the crop via pipelines in a timed and metered manner. Most existing fertigation machines employ Venturi applicators, proportional fertilizer pumps, and bypass fertilizer tanks. Among these, the Venturi applicator has a simple structure and low production cost; the proportional fertilizer pump can adjust the concentration of the fertigation solution and is easy to operate; and the bypass fertilizer tank is suitable for medium to large-scale irrigation systems. Although different fertilization methods have their own characteristics, current fertilization methods generally suffer from the following problems: 1) Inability to achieve precise fertilizer delivery, resulting in inconsistent fertigation solution concentrations; 2) Low mixing efficiency, easily leading to solid fertilizer clumping, uneven solution concentration, and low fertilizer utilization; 3) Incomplete dissolution of solid fertilizer can easily cause blockages, fertilizer sedimentation, and unstable fertigation solution concentrations.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an efficient and precise fertigation system that improves fertilizer application accuracy, mixing efficiency, and uniformity of the fertigation solution, thereby reducing fertilizer waste.

[0006] This invention provides an efficient fertigation system for mixing and precise fertilization, comprising a solid fertilizer feeding device, a liquid fertilizer feeding device, a mixing device, and a fertilizer delivery device. The solid fertilizer feeding device includes a solid fertilizer tank, a shutter mechanism, and a quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The shutter mechanism has a shutter door that communicates with the outlet of the solid fertilizer tank and a shutter adjustment mechanism for adjusting the opening size of the shutter door. The quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device includes two or more quantitative feeding chambers of different sizes and a quantitative adjustment mechanism for communicating one of the quantitative feeding chambers with the shutter door. The outlets of the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device and the liquid fertilizer feeding device are respectively connected to the inlet of the mixing device, and the fertilizer delivery device is connected to the outlet of the mixing device.

[0007] Furthermore, the shutter mechanism includes two or more shutter blades arranged to form a shutter gate, and a shutter adjustment mechanism is connected to each shutter blade to adjust the opening size of the shutter gate.

[0008] Furthermore, the shutter adjustment mechanism includes a rotating gear, an upper cover gear, a servo motor, and a lower plate. The servo motor is connected to the rotating gear, and the upper cover gear meshes with the rotating gear. The upper cover gear has an inlet and two or more slots, and the lower plate has two or more guide grooves. The upper end of each shutter piece is mounted in the corresponding slot via a vertical rod, and the lower end of each shutter piece is slidably mounted in the corresponding guide groove via a sliding rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device includes a feed pipe, and two or more quantitative feeding chambers of different sizes are arranged through the feed pipe along the height direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the quantitative adjustment mechanism includes an upper turntable, a rotating rod, a lower turntable, a driven wheel, and a power mechanism. The rotating rod passes through the center of the feed pipe. The upper plate, the lower turntable, and the driven wheel are mounted on the rotating rod and can rotate with the rotating rod. Openings are correspondingly opened on the upper plate and the lower turntable. The power mechanism includes an annular belt, a driving wheel, and a stepper motor. The driving wheel is mounted on the stepper motor, and the driven wheel is connected to the driving wheel through the annular belt.

[0011] Furthermore, the stirring device includes a stirring motor, a stirring tank, and a stirring rod. The stirring rod is inserted into the stirring tank, and the stirring motor is connected to the stirring rod. A stirring paddle and a stirring blade are respectively provided in the middle and lower part of the stirring rod. A base plate is provided at the bottom of the stirring tank in the opposite direction to the rotation of the stirring blade.

[0012] Furthermore, an internal toothed hole with internal teeth is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the chassis. The bottom of the stirring rod extends out from the internal toothed hole. A large gear is provided at the bottom of the stirring rod. A planetary gear mechanism composed of two or more small gears is provided in the internal toothed hole. Each small gear meshes externally with the large gear and internally with the internal toothed hole.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple slots are evenly distributed on the chassis, and an upper cover and a lower cover are installed above and below each slot, respectively. The upper cover and the lower cover are connected to the chassis by a connecting rod. The opening of the upper cover faces the same direction as the chassis rotation, and the opening of the lower cover faces the opposite direction to the chassis rotation. A drain chamber is provided between the chassis and the bottom of the mixing tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the integrated water and fertilizer system of the present invention also includes a drone storage box and a drone. The drone storage box includes a box body, a lifting platform and a lifting adjustment mechanism. The lifting adjustment mechanism is connected to the lifting platform so that the lifting platform can move up and down in the box body, and the drone is stored in the box body.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting adjustment mechanism includes a compression spring and an X-shaped bracket. The upper and lower ends of the compression spring are fixedly connected to the lifting platform and the housing, respectively. The middle of the X-shaped bracket is hinged, and the upper and lower ends of the X-shaped bracket are slidably mounted on the lifting platform and the housing, respectively. The lower end of the X-shaped bracket is connected to the rotating shaft of the stepper motor through a rope sleeve.

[0016] The fertigation system of this invention includes a shutter mechanism and a quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device in the solid fertilizer feeding apparatus. The shutter mechanism has an adjustable shutter gate, and the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device has two or more quantitative feeding chambers of different sizes. Through the combined action of the shutter mechanism and the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device, solid fertilizer can be accurately added to the mixing device for dissolution, improving the accuracy of fertilizer feeding and reducing fertilizer waste. In addition, the mixing device has a base plate at the bottom of the mixing tank, which rotates in the opposite direction to the mixing blades, allowing the fertilizer and water to come into more thorough contact. This improves mixing efficiency and also removes residue adhering to the base plate, keeping it clean. In particular, by providing upper and lower hinged covers on the base plate, impurities generated during operation can be collected and discharged, maintaining the cleanliness of the inside of the mixing tank. The above-mentioned fertigation system improves the accuracy of fertilizer feeding, mixing efficiency, and uniformity of the fertigation solution, while reducing fertilizer waste. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated water and fertilizer system according to one embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solid fertilizer feeding device according to one embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a shutter structure according to one embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the feed pipe according to one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device according to one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a stirring device according to one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the chassis structure according to one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a drone storage box according to one embodiment.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1: Frame; 2: Solid fertilizer feeding device; 210: Solid fertilizer bin; 220: Shutter mechanism; 221: Rotating gear; 222: Upper cover gear; 223: Servo motor; 224: Shutter plate; 225: Lower plate; 230: Quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device; 231: Feed pipe; 232: Feed chamber 1; 233: Feed chamber 2; 234: Baffle; 235: Upper turntable; 236: Rotating rod; 237: Lower turntable; 238: Driven wheel; 2310: Annular belt; 2311: Driving wheel; 2312: Stepper motor; 240: Guide shell; 3: Mixing motor; 310: Mixing rod; 320: Mixing paddle; 330: Mixing blade; 340: Chassis; 341: Upper cover; 342: Lower cover; 343: Connecting rod; 344: Large gear; 345: Small gear; 4: Liquid fertilizer feeding device; 5: Drone storage box; 510: Lifting platform; 511: Slide groove; 512: Slider; 520: Box body; 521: Longitudinal guide groove; 522: Transverse guide groove; 530: Compression spring; 540: Support rod; 541: Longitudinal connecting roller; 542: Transverse connecting roller; 550: Spring; 560: Stepper motor; 561: Rope sleeve; 6: Fertilizer mixing tank; 7: Vertical water pump; 8: Mixing tank; 9: Distribution box; 10: Industrial control touch screen; 11: Flow meter; 12: Solenoid valve No. 1; 13: Solenoid valve No. 2; 14: Solenoid valve No. 3; 15: EC sensor; 16: pH sensor; 17: Solenoid valve No. 4. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0029] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to this application. As used herein, the singular form includes the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this description, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Combination Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the efficient mixing and precise fertilization integrated water and fertilizer system of this embodiment includes a solid fertilizer feeding device 2, a liquid fertilizer feeding device 4, a mixing device, and a fertilizer delivery device. The solid fertilizer feeding device 2 includes a solid fertilizer tank 210, a shutter mechanism 220, and a quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The shutter mechanism 220 has a shutter door that communicates with the fertilizer outlet of the solid fertilizer tank 210 and a shutter adjustment mechanism for adjusting the opening size of the shutter door. The quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 includes two or more quantitative feeding chambers with different sizes and a quantitative adjustment mechanism for communicating one of the quantitative feeding chambers with the shutter door. The outlet ends of the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 and the liquid fertilizer feeding device 4 are respectively connected to the inlet end of the mixing device, and the fertilizer delivery device is connected to the outlet end of the mixing device.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, it can be understood that the integrated water and fertilizer system has a frame 1, and the solid fertilizer feeding device 2, the liquid fertilizer feeding device 4, the stirring device and the fertilizer delivery device are all set on the frame 1; there are no strict restrictions on the material of the frame 1, for example, it can be an aluminum profile frame, etc.

[0034] Solid fertilizer feeding device 2 is mainly used to accurately feed solid fertilizer into the mixing device; such as Figure 2 As shown, the solid fertilizer feeding device 2 includes a solid fertilizer tank 210, a shutter mechanism 220, and a quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230. The shutter gate size of the shutter mechanism 220 is adjustable, and the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 includes two or more quantitative feeding chambers with different sizes. Before the solid fertilizer feeding device 2 operates, the amount of solid fertilizer and water is determined according to the growth requirements of the crops to prepare a water-fertilizer solution. Then, a suitable quantitative feeding chamber and shutter gate size are selected. When the solid fertilizer feeding device 2 operates, the shutter gate is adjusted to the required opening size through the shutter adjustment mechanism, and other quantitative feeding chambers are blocked by the quantitative adjustment mechanism, so that the selected quantitative feeding chamber and shutter gate correspond to and connect with the fertilizer outlet of the solid fertilizer tank 210, thereby achieving precise feeding. In addition, a guide shell 240 can be set at the outlet end of the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 to facilitate the conveying of solid fertilizer in the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 to the mixing device.

[0035] The structure of the shutter mechanism 220 is not strictly limited, as long as it can achieve the aforementioned functions such as adjustable shutter opening size. Figure 3 As shown, the shutter mechanism 220 includes two or more shutter blades 224, which together form a shutter gate. A shutter adjustment mechanism is connected to each shutter blade 224 to adjust the opening size of the shutter gate. The shape and number of shutter blades 224 are not strictly limited and can be reasonably set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the shape of the shutter blades 224 can be triangular, and the number of shutter blades 224 can be six, forming a hexagonal shutter gate. In other embodiments, the shutter blades 224 can also adopt other suitable shapes.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the shutter adjustment mechanism includes a rotating gear 221, an upper cover gear 222, a servo motor 223, and a lower plate 225. The servo motor 223 is connected to the rotating gear 221, and the upper cover gear 222 meshes with the rotating gear 221. The upper cover gear 222 is provided with a fertilizer inlet and two or more slots, and the lower plate 225 is provided with two or more guide grooves. The upper end of each shutter piece 224 is mounted in the corresponding slot via a vertical rod, and the lower end of each shutter piece 224 is slidably mounted in the corresponding guide groove via a sliding rod. Specifically, in this embodiment, a fertilizer inlet can be opened in the middle of the upper cover gear 222. It can be understood that the fertilizer inlet of the upper cover gear 222 corresponds to and is connected to the fertilizer outlet of the solid fertilizer box 210. Six slots are evenly arranged circumferentially on the upper cover gear 222, and six guide grooves forming a hexagon are correspondingly arranged on the lower plate 225. When the shutter mechanism 220 is working, the servo motor 223 drives the rotating gear 221 to rotate. When the rotating gear 221 rotates, it drives the upper cover gear 222 to rotate. When the upper cover gear 222 rotates, it drives each shutter plate 224 to slide in the guide groove, thereby making the shutter gate larger or smaller to match the size of the selected quantitative feeding chamber and the feeding amount of solid fertilizer.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 includes a feed pipe 231, and two or more quantitative feeding chambers of different sizes are arranged through the feed pipe 231 along the height direction. The number of quantitative feeding chambers and the size of each chamber are not strictly limited and can be reasonably set according to actual needs. Specifically, this embodiment can provide two independent quantitative feeding chambers, namely, a first feeding chamber 232 and a second feeding chamber 233, whose volumes can be set to 100mL and 50mL respectively. In other embodiments, more quantitative feeding chambers of different sizes can be provided.

[0038] The quantitative adjustment mechanism includes an upper turntable 235, a rotating rod 236, a lower turntable 237, a driven wheel 238, and a power mechanism. The rotating rod 236 passes through the center of the feed pipe 231. The upper turntable 235, the lower turntable 237, and the driven wheel 238 are mounted on the rotating rod 236 and can rotate with the rotating rod 236. Openings are correspondingly provided on the upper turntable 235 and the lower turntable 237. The openings can be set as fan-shaped openings. The power mechanism includes an annular belt 2310, a driving wheel 2311, and a stepper motor 2312. The driving wheel 2311 is mounted on the stepper motor 2312. The driven wheel 238 is connected to the driving wheel 2311 through the annular belt 2310. When the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 is working, the stepper motor 2312 drives the drive wheel 2311 to rotate. The drive wheel 2311 drives the driven wheel 238 to rotate via the annular belt 2310. When the driven wheel 238 rotates, it drives the rotating rod 236 and the upper turntable 235 to rotate, thereby adjusting the opening positions on the upper turntable 235 and the lower turntable 237 so that the opening position is above the selected quantitative feeding chamber while the other positions block other quantitative feeding chambers. In addition, a baffle 234 can be fixedly installed above the top surface of the upper turntable 235. The baffle 234 does not rotate with the upper turntable 235 to block the flow between the quantitative feeding chambers.

[0039] In addition, a baffle 234 is provided on the rotating rod 236, and the baffle 234 does not rotate with the rotating rod 236; the fan-shaped opening positions of the upper turntable 235 and the lower turntable 237 are 90° apart, the upper turntable 235 covers the inlet of the first feed chamber 232 and the second feed chamber 233, and the lower turntable 237 is positioned below the outlet of the first feed chamber 232 and the second feed chamber 233. Before feeding, first rotate the fan-shaped opening of the upper turntable 235 to a non-cavity position. After calculating the required amount of fertilizer, rotate the upper turntable 235 to the inlet of feed chamber 232 or feed chamber 233. At this time, the corresponding cavity outlet will be blocked by the lower turntable 237. After a sufficient time to fill the cavity, rotate the upper turntable 235 to close the cavity inlet, and at the same time rotate the fan-shaped opening of the lower turntable 237 to the cavity outlet, allowing the fertilizer to fall into the guide shell 240 and then into the mixing tank 8 through the pipe. Repeat the above steps multiple times until the required amount of fertilizer is obtained. The baffle 234 is fixed in position and is mainly used to block the fertilizer falling on the upper turntable 235 as it rotates, causing it to fall into the cavity. The shutter mechanism 220 is installed above the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230. The shutter opening size is controlled by the servo motor 223, which in turn controls the rate at which fertilizer falls into the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230. After the fertilizer falls into the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230, it is added in multiple batches to obtain the required amount of fertilizer. The shutter mechanism 220 and the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 work together to reduce the error in adding fertilizer and achieve precise fertilization.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the stirring device includes a stirring motor 3, a stirring tank 8, and a stirring rod 310. The stirring rod 310 is inserted into the stirring tank 8. The stirring motor 3 is connected to the stirring rod 310. A stirring paddle 320 and a stirring blade 330 are respectively provided in the middle and lower parts of the stirring rod 310. A base 340 is provided at the bottom of the stirring tank 8, which is opposite to the rotation direction of the stirring blade 330.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, an internal toothed hole with internal teeth is provided in the center of the bottom surface of the chassis 340. The bottom of the stirring rod 310 extends out of the internal toothed hole. A large gear 344 is provided at the bottom of the stirring rod 310. A planetary gear mechanism composed of two or more small gears 345 is provided in the internal toothed hole. For example, four small gears 345 can be evenly arranged. Each small gear 345 meshes externally with the large gear 344 and internally with the internal toothed hole. When the stirring device is working, the stirring motor 3 drives the stirring rod 310 and its stirring paddle 320 and stirring blade 330 to rotate. At the same time, the large gear 344 on the stirring rod 310 drives the chassis 340 to rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the stirring rod 310 through the planetary gear mechanism. This allows the solid fertilizer to come into more thorough contact with the water flow, which not only improves the stirring efficiency, but also removes the residue adhering to the chassis 340, keeping the chassis 340 clean.

[0042] In addition, multiple slots are evenly distributed on the chassis 340. An upper cover 341 and a lower cover 342 are installed above and below each slot, respectively. The upper cover 341 and the lower cover 342 are connected to the chassis 340 through a connecting rod 343. The opening of the upper cover 341 faces the same direction as the rotation of the chassis 340, and the opening of the lower cover 342 faces the opposite direction to the rotation of the chassis 340. A drain chamber is provided between the chassis 340 and the bottom of the mixing tank 8. During the mixing process, since the opening of the upper cover 341 faces the same direction as the rotation of the base 340, the upper cover 341 will be opened by the impact of the water flow; at the same time, the opening of the lower cover 342 faces the opposite direction to the rotation of the base 340, so the lower cover 342 will be closed by the impact of the water flow; at this time, the upper cover 341 and the lower cover 342 are connected to form a cavity. During the mixing process, some fertilizer enters the cavity under the obstruction of the upper cover 341. The soluble part of the fertilizer dissolves and flows out of the cavity with the water flow, while the insoluble part is blocked by the lower cover 342 and remains in the cavity. After the mixing is completed, the base 340 stops rotating, and the upper cover 341 and the lower cover 342 return to the state before mixing. At this time, the lower cover 342 is opened by gravity, and the insoluble part flows out to the bottom of the mixing tank 8, and then flows out from the drain pipe with the water flow, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the inside of the mixing tank 8.

[0043] The integrated water and fertilizer system of this embodiment may also include a drone storage box 5, which is mainly used to store drones used to monitor crop growth. Figure 8 As shown, the drone storage box 5 includes a box body 520, a lifting platform 510, and a lifting adjustment mechanism. The lifting adjustment mechanism is connected to the lifting platform 510 so that the lifting platform 510 can move up and down within the box body 520. The specific structure of the lifting adjustment mechanism is not strictly limited, as long as it can drive the lifting platform 510 to move up and down within the box body 520.

[0044] In this embodiment, the lifting platform 510 can be connected to the housing 520 via multiple compression springs 530 and a support mechanism. For example, four compression springs 530 can be configured, with their upper and lower ends connected to the lifting platform 510 and the housing 520, respectively. The support mechanism includes two opposing X-shaped brackets, each comprising two support rods 540. The middle sections of the two support rods 540 are hinged, and their bottoms are connected via springs 550. Inside the housing 520, two longitudinal guide grooves 521 and two transverse guide grooves 52 are arranged opposite each other. 2. The middle parts of the two X-shaped supports are slidably mounted in the longitudinal guide groove 521 of the housing 520 via longitudinal connecting rollers 541. The bottoms of the two X-shaped supports are slidably mounted in the transverse guide groove 522 of the housing 520 via transverse connecting rollers 542. The tops of the two X-shaped supports are slidably mounted in the sliding groove 511 on the bottom surface of the lifting platform 510 via sliders 512. Stepper motors 560 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the two X-shaped supports. A rope sleeve 561 is fixedly installed at the shaft of the stepper motor 560, and one end of the rope sleeve 561 is connected to the adjacent support rod 540. The above-mentioned drone storage box 5 raises the lifting platform 510 through a pre-compressed compression spring 530, and lowers the lifting platform 510 by driving the two X-shaped supports to slide in the transverse guide groove 522 through the stepper motors 560 and the rope sleeve 561.

[0045] The drone storage box 5 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1 using an aluminum profile bracket. The drone is used to monitor crop growth as needed, and after monitoring, the drone returns to the storage box 5 for storage. It can be understood that before the drone lands, the lifting platform 510 must be higher than the box body 520. When the drone lands on the lifting platform 510, the compression spring 530 acts as a buffer to ensure a smooth descent. After the lifting platform 510 stabilizes, the stepper motor 560 starts rotating its rotor. The rope sleeve 561 installed on the rotor rotates to retract the rope and pull the support rod 540 open, allowing the lifting platform 510 to descend and completely house the drone inside the storage box 5. When the stepper motor 560 is powered off, the rotor locks and cannot rotate, ensuring that the lifting platform 510 will not rise when power is off. When power is restored, the stepper motor 560's rotor rotates slowly, causing the lifting platform 510 to rise slowly.

[0046] In addition, a power distribution box 9 and an industrial control touch screen 10 can be installed on the frame 1. The power distribution box 9 and the industrial control touch screen 10 can be suspended on the side of the frame 1. An EC sensor 15 and a pH sensor 16 can be installed on the wall of the fertilizer mixing tank 6. A flow meter 11 and a solenoid valve 12 can be installed on the water inlet pipe between the liquid fertilizer feeding device 4 and the mixing device. A branch pipe can be installed between the flow meter 11 and the solenoid valve 12 to connect with the fertilizer mixing tank 6. A solenoid valve 13 is installed on the branch pipe. A solenoid valve 14 is installed on the connecting pipe between the fertilizer mixing tank 6 and the mixing tank 8. A solenoid valve 17 is installed on the connecting pipe between the fertilizer mixing tank 6 and the vertical water pump 7.

[0047] The workflow of the integrated water and fertilizer system in this embodiment is as follows:

[0048] The integrated water and fertilizer system calculates the required amount of fertilizer solution after receiving data on soil entropy from agricultural sensors installed in the farmland and crop growth from drones. It then controls either the liquid fertilizer inlet 4 or the solid fertilizer inlet 2 to add the appropriate amount of fertilizer to the mixing tank 8. When adding liquid fertilizer, the system controls the solenoid valve installed in the liquid fertilizer inlet 4 to open; after adding a sufficient amount, the solenoid valve closes. When adding solid fertilizer, the system controls the servo motor 223 of the shutter mechanism 220 in the solid fertilizer inlet 2 to control the shutter opening size, allowing the fertilizer to fall at a certain rate into the quantitative solid fertilizer inlet 230. The stepper motor 2312 on 230 starts, driving the rotating rod 236 and the upper and lower turntables 235 and 237 mounted on it to rotate via the driving wheel 2311, driven wheel 238 and annular belt 2310. The fan-shaped opening of the upper turntable 235 rotates to the entrance of the first feed chamber 232 or the second feed chamber 233, and the corresponding outlet is blocked by the lower turntable 237. After the corresponding cavity is filled with fertilizer, the upper turntable 235 blocks the entrance, and the fan-shaped opening of the lower turntable 237 rotates to the corresponding outlet, so that the fertilizer falls into the guide pipe 240 and enters the mixing tank 8 through the connecting pipe. The above steps are repeated many times until the required amount of fertilizer is obtained.

[0049] After adding the required amount of fertilizer, the No. 1 solenoid valve 12 installed at the water inlet pipe is opened, allowing water to flow into the mixing tank 8. The flow rate is determined by the flow meter 11 installed on the water inlet pipe. Once the required amount of water is obtained, the No. 1 solenoid valve 12 is closed. Subsequently, the mixing motor 3 is started, and the mixing paddle 320, mixing blade 330, and large gear 344 are mounted on the mixing rod 310 and rotate together with it. The large gear 344 meshes with the small gear 345, and the small gear 345 meshes with the internal gear of the chassis 340. The small gear 345 is supported by the support column at the bottom of the mixing tank 8. The large gear 344, small gear 345, and chassis 340 form a planetary gear system. The rotation direction of the chassis 340 is opposite to that of the large gear 344 and the mixing blade 330. During mixing, since the opening direction of the upper cover 341 is the same as the rotation direction of the base 340, and the opening direction of the lower cover 342 is opposite to the rotation direction of the base 340, the upper cover 341 is opened by the impact of the water flow, while the lower cover 342 is in a closed state. The upper cover 341 and the lower cover 342 are connected to form a cavity. During mixing, some fertilizer enters the cavity under the obstruction of the upper cover 341. The soluble part of the fertilizer dissolves in the water and leaves with the water flow, while the insoluble matter remains in the cavity under the obstruction of the lower cover 342. After the mixing is finished and the base 340 stops rotating, the lower cover 342 is opened under the action of gravity. The insoluble matter in the cavity will fall into the drain cavity between the base 340 and the bottom of the mixing tank 8 and be discharged with the water flow. Because the chassis 340 and the stirring blades 330 rotate in opposite directions, the relative speed between the surface of the chassis 340 and the water flow increases, which in turn increases the impact of the water flow on the slag adhering to it, making it easier to be washed away.

[0050] After the fertilizer is thoroughly stirred and dissolved in the mixing tank 8, a fertilizer solution of a certain concentration is obtained. The third solenoid valve 14, installed on the connecting pipe between the mixing tank 8 and the fertilizer mixing tank 6, is opened, allowing the fertilizer solution to flow into the fertilizer mixing tank 6. An EC sensor 15 and a pH sensor 16 are installed on the side wall of the fertilizer mixing tank 6. These sensors determine whether the fertilizer solution concentration has reached the required level. If the concentration is too high, the second solenoid valve 13, connected to the water inlet pipe on the fertilizer mixing tank 6, is opened, and a certain amount of water is added through the flow meter 11 to bring the fertilizer solution to the required concentration. If the concentration is too low, the fertilizer inlet device continues to add a certain amount of fertilizer to obtain the fertilizer solution of the required concentration. Once the required concentration of fertilizer solution is obtained, the fourth solenoid valve 17, connected to the vertical water pump 7, is opened, and the vertical water pump 7 starts, drawing the fertilizer solution from the fertilizer mixing tank 6 into the fertilization pipeline for irrigation. The above steps are repeated until the required fertilization amount is achieved. Compared with general fertigation systems, the fertigation system in this embodiment carries out the mixing and proportioning steps of fertilizer solution in the mixing tank 8 and the mixing tank 6 respectively, so as to ensure that the final applied fertilizer solution concentration is basically consistent, while reducing the waste of fertilizer solution in the mixing tank 8 and realizing precise fertilization.

[0051] The fertigation system of this embodiment includes a solid fertilizer feeding device 2, which is equipped with a shutter mechanism 220 and a quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230. The shutter mechanism 220 has an adjustable shutter gate, and the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230 has two or more quantitative feeding chambers with different sizes. Through the combined action of the shutter mechanism 220 and the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device 230, solid fertilizer can be accurately fed into the mixing device for dissolution, improving the accuracy of fertilizer feeding and reducing fertilizer waste. In addition, the mixing device has a base plate 340 at the bottom of the mixing tank 8, which rotates in the opposite direction to the mixing blades 330, so that the fertilizer and water can come into more full contact. While improving the mixing efficiency, it can also remove the residue adhering to the base plate 340, keeping the base plate 340 clean. In particular, by setting an upper cover 341 and a lower cover 342 on the base plate 340, impurities generated during the operation can be collected and discharged, maintaining the cleanliness of the inside of the mixing tank 8 of the mixing device. The aforementioned integrated water and fertilizer system improves the accuracy of fertilizer delivery, mixing efficiency, and uniformity of the water and fertilizer solution, while reducing fertilizer waste.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient fertigation system for mixing and precise fertilization, characterized in that, The system includes a solid fertilizer feeding device, a liquid fertilizer feeding device, a mixing device, and a delivery device. The solid fertilizer feeding device comprises, from top to bottom, a solid fertilizer tank, a shutter mechanism, and a quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device. The shutter mechanism has a shutter gate connected to the outlet of the solid fertilizer tank and a shutter adjustment mechanism for adjusting the opening size of the shutter gate. The quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device includes two or more quantitative feeding chambers of different sizes and a quantitative adjustment mechanism for connecting one of the quantitative feeding chambers to the shutter gate. The outlets of the quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device and the liquid fertilizer feeding device are respectively connected to the inlet of the mixing device. The delivery device is connected to the outlet of the mixing device. The mixing device includes a mixing motor, a mixing tank, and a mixing rod. The mixing rod is inserted into the mixing tank. The mixing motor is connected to the mixing... The mixing drum is connected by a rod, with a stirring paddle and stirring blades respectively located in the middle and lower parts of the rod. A base plate is located at the bottom of the mixing drum, rotating in the opposite direction to the stirring blades. An internal toothed hole with internal teeth is opened in the center of the bottom surface of the base plate. The bottom of the stirring rod extends from the internal toothed hole, and a large gear is located at the bottom of the stirring rod. A planetary gear mechanism consisting of two or more small gears is located in the internal toothed hole. Each small gear meshes externally with the large gear and internally with the internal teeth. Multiple slots are evenly distributed on the base plate. An upper hinged cover and a lower hinged cover are installed above and below each slot, respectively. The upper and lower hinged covers are connected to the base plate via a connecting rod. The opening of the upper hinged cover faces the same direction as the rotation of the base plate, while the opening of the lower hinged cover faces the opposite direction. A drain chamber is located between the base plate and the bottom of the mixing drum.

2. The integrated water and fertilizer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shutter mechanism includes two or more shutter blades arranged to form a shutter gate. A shutter adjustment mechanism is connected to each shutter blade to adjust the size of the shutter gate opening.

3. The integrated water and fertilizer system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shutter adjustment mechanism includes a rotating gear, an upper cover gear, a servo motor, and a lower plate. The servo motor is connected to the rotating gear, and the upper cover gear meshes with the rotating gear. The upper cover gear has an inlet and two or more slots, and the lower plate has two or more guide slots. The upper end of each shutter piece is mounted in the corresponding slot via a vertical rod, and the lower end of each shutter piece is slidably mounted in the corresponding guide slot via a sliding rod.

4. The integrated water and fertilizer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantitative solid fertilizer feeding device includes a feed pipe, and two or more quantitative feeding chambers of different sizes are arranged through the feed pipe along the height direction.

5. The integrated water and fertilizer system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The quantitative adjustment mechanism includes an upper turntable, a rotating rod, a lower turntable, a driven wheel, and a power mechanism. The rotating rod passes through the center of the feed pipe. The upper turntable, the lower turntable, and the driven wheel are mounted on the rotating rod and can rotate with the rotating rod. Openings are correspondingly opened on the upper and lower turntables. The power mechanism includes an annular belt, a driving wheel, and a stepper motor. The driving wheel is mounted on the stepper motor, and the driven wheel is connected to the driving wheel through the annular belt.

6. The integrated water and fertilizer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drone storage case and a drone. The drone storage case includes a case body, a lifting platform and a lifting adjustment mechanism. The lifting adjustment mechanism is connected to the lifting platform so that the lifting platform can move up and down in the case body. The drone is stored in the case body.

7. The integrated water and fertilizer system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting adjustment mechanism includes a compression spring and an X-shaped bracket. The upper and lower ends of the compression spring are fixedly connected to the lifting platform and the housing, respectively. The X-shaped bracket is hinged in the middle. The upper and lower ends of the X-shaped bracket are slidably mounted on the lifting platform and the housing, respectively. The lower end of the X-shaped bracket is connected to the shaft of the stepper motor through a rope sleeve.

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