Method for improving fruit quality and aroma substances of sunlight rose by multi-factor combined treatment

Abstract

The application discloses a method for improving fruit quality and aroma substances of sunlight rose by multi-factor combination treatment in the field of sunlight rose planting, and comprises the following steps: step one, selecting a planting site; step two, planting; step three, growth period management; bud wiping, branch fixing, tree structure cultivation and fertilizer and water management; fertilizer and water management: when the height of grape seedlings is 70-80 cm, topdressing is performed once every 10-12 days, 8-10 g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant each time, water is poured in time after fertilization, and root absorption is promoted; when fertilization is performed, 0.005-0.11 ppm growth promoting regulators, 500-1500 times of organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture foliar spraying, 20-80 times of organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture root system leaching and 60-70 times of overgrowth inhibiting regulators foliar spraying are mixed and applied; step four, branch pruning; and step five, flower and fruit period field management.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of sunlight rose grape planting, and particularly relates to a method for improving fruit quality and aroma substances of sunlight rose by multi-factor combination treatment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sunlight rose grape is also called Xia Yin Muscat, and belongs to a European-American hybrid variety, which is selected and bred by a Japanese fruit tree test field. The sunlight rose grape has typical European-Asian variety characteristics, although it belongs to a European-American hybrid variety. The sunlight rose grape has a conical appearance, a cluster weight of 600-1800 g, hard and crisp flesh, strong transportability, no frequent shelling phenomenon of ordinary grape varieties, strong disease resistance and disaster tolerance, high-quality and excellent fruit setting, and is easy to cultivate. Therefore, the sunlight rose grape is a high-quality grape variety suitable for large-scale popularization and cultivation, and has good economic and social benefits.

[0003] However, with the increase of the planting years of the grape, the occurrence of the continuous cropping obstacles of the grape is easily caused, so as to reduce the yield and quality of the grape fruit and aggravate the diseases and pests in the vineyard. Researches show that with the increase of the planting years of the grape, the content of the nutrients in the soil and the soil enzyme activity and the like will show a trend of first increase and then decrease, and the content of the beneficial bacteria groups in the soil, such as Bacillus and Flavobacterium, shows a decreasing phenomenon, and the harmful bacteria groups, such as Alternaria tenuis and Fusarium solani, increase.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the fruit quality and yield of the grape and ensure the healthy development of the grape industry by adopting appropriate fertilization and management measures for the sunlight rose grape and simultaneously performing multiple measures on the sunlight rose grape fruit quality and aroma substances. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for improving the fruit quality and aroma substances of sunlight rose by multi-factor combination treatment, so as to improve the fruit quality and aroma substances of sunlight rose under the treatment of multiple factors. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for improving the fruit quality and aroma substances of sunlight rose by multi-factor combination treatment, so as to improve the fruit quality and aroma substances of sunlight rose under the treatment of multiple factors.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a method for improving the fruit quality and aroma substances of sunlight rose by multi-factor combination treatment, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: selecting a planting site;

[0008] selecting a site with convenient irrigation and drainage, thick soil layer, sufficient sunlight, high and flat terrain, and proximity to water source;

[0009] Step 2: planting;

[0010] Before planting, prepare well-rotted manure, crop straw, calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer and sand in advance; dig a planting hole or a planting ditch with the size of 70cm x 70cm x 70cm, put the topsoil and subsoil on the two sides, fill 10cm-thick crop straw into the bottom of the hole, fill the subsoil and organic fertilizer on the surface of the straw, fill the topsoil with the ratio of 6:2:1 into the upper part of the hole with a depth of 20-25cm, and then sprinkle 2-3t / 667m 2 of organic fertilizer and 50kg / 667m 2 of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer on the surface of the topsoil.

[0011] During planting, the depth of the planting is 5-10cm, and the root system is naturally stretched.

[0012] After planting, pour water into the soil to make the root system of the grape seedling closely contact with the soil.

[0013] Step three: growth period management.

[0014] Bud wiping and branch setting: when the new shoots grow to 20-25cm, set the branches, and reserve 1-2 new shoots with vigorous growth as the main stems for cultivation.

[0015] Tree structure cultivation: when the height of the new shoots is 1.5-2.5m from the ground, leave the top two shoots and pinch the tips, and when the height of the new shoots is 1-2m, pinch the tips; the remaining shoots are reserved with 2-5 leaves and the tendrils are removed.

[0016] Fertilization and water management: when the height of the grape seedling is 70-80cm, apply compound fertilizer 8-10g per plant every 10-12 days, and then pour water into the soil to promote the absorption of the root system; for the trees in production, use 0.005-0.11ppm growth-promoting regulator, 500-1500 times of organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture for foliar spraying, 20-80 times of organic and inorganic fertilizer mixture for root irrigation, and 60-70 times of growth-inhibiting regulator for foliar spraying.

[0017] Step four: branch pruning.

[0018] Step five: field management during flowering and fruiting.

[0019] Inflorescence shaping: for young trees, leave one inflorescence per main branch, and when the inflorescences differentiate, thin the flowers, and reserve 16-18 small inflorescences with a length of 4-6cm at the top of the inflorescence; after 10-15 days after flowering, remove the poor-shaped and weak-growing fruit grains, and reserve 50-60 fruit grains per inflorescence.

[0020] Fruit enlargement and fruit preservation: during the flowering period, treat the inflorescences with 20-30ppm gibberellin and 2-10ppm forchlorfenuron for fruit preservation, and then treat the inflorescences with the same concentration of the drugs for enlargement after 10-12 days.

[0021] Bagging: 20-30 days after flowering, use amicarbalil + benzoxadiazole + high-efficiency cypermethrin to spray the fruit clusters 1-2 times, when the liquid is dry, bagging in time, and the bag opening should be tightly tied.

[0022] Further, in step one, the soil pH value is 5.5-7.8.

[0023] Further, in step two, before planting, the manure uses one or more of chicken manure and sheep manure.

[0024] Further, in step two, in order to improve the survival rate and early yield, the root system is covered with wet sand for 12-13 hours before planting, and then treated with 3-5 wave degree stone sulfur mixture disinfection, and planted 74-148 plants per 667m 2 .

[0025] Further, in step two, after planting, the ground can be covered with one of black and silver mulch to improve and stabilize the soil temperature and humidity around the roots; and along the grape row, install a drip pipe at the grape root to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and water.

[0026] Further, in step three, during the management of fertilizer and water, the method of mixing application of 0.03ppm growth regulator, 1250 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed foliar spraying, 40 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed root system irrigation and 60 times overgrowth inhibitor regulator foliar spraying is adopted.

[0027] Further, in step four, the V-shaped shaping method is used to prune the seedlings, and enough fruiting branches are reserved.

[0028] The above scheme realizes the following principles and beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) Under the treatment of multiple factors, the experiment verifies that the mixed application of 0.03ppm growth regulator, 1250 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed foliar spraying, 40 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed root system irrigation and 60 times overgrowth inhibitor regulator foliar spraying can improve the quality and aroma of the fruit of the sunlight rose grape, which is of great significance to improve the quality and yield of grape fruit and ensure the healthy development of grape industry.

[0030] (2) The present application combines the two ways of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer mixed foliar spraying and root system irrigation to regulate the quality of sunlight rose grape, which improves the total sugar and vitamin C content to a certain extent; and the application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can increase the content of soluble total sugar and vitamin C in grape fruit, increase the single cluster weight of grape, and thus improve the quality and yield of grape fruit.

[0031] (3)The present application selects the area with high and flat terrain for planting. The area with high terrain has long light time, which can prolong the photosynthesis time of crops, increase the net accumulation of organic matter, and greatly promote the sweetness accumulation of grapes. The present application selects the area with thick soil layer because the thick soil layer is beneficial to the protection of water, which can conserve a large amount of water and meet the water demand of crops. At the same time, the thick soil layer is beneficial to the growth of crop roots, promotes the growth of crop roots and enhances the soil holding capacity, and improves the water absorption capacity and nutrient uptake capacity of crops. In addition, the control of soil pH value can ensure soil fertility and provide sufficient nutrients for the growth of crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The flowchart of the embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be further described in detail through specific embodiments:

[0034] The embodiment is basically as shown in the accompanying drawings: Figure 1

[0035] A method for improving fruit quality and aroma substances of sunlight rose by multi-factor combination treatment, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step one: selecting a planting area;

[0037] The area with convenient irrigation, thick soil layer, sufficient sunlight, high and flat terrain, and proximity to water source is selected. The soil pH value is 5.8-7.8.

[0038] Step two: planting;

[0039] Before planting, fully decomposed manure, crushed crop straw, calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer, and sand are prepared in advance. One of planting holes or planting trenches with a standard size of 70cm×70cm×70cm is excavated. The topsoil and subsoil are placed on one side. The hole bottom is filled with 10-12cm thick crushed crop straw. The surface of the straw is filled with subsoil and organic fertilizer. The upper part of the hole is filled with topsoil in a ratio of 6:2:1. Organic fertilizer 2-3t / 667m 2 and calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer 50-60kg / 667m 2 are applied. The manure is one or more of chicken manure and sheep manure. To improve the survival rate and early yield, the roots are covered with wet sand for 12-13h before planting, and then treated with 3-5 Baume stone sulfur solution. The planting density is 74-148 plants / 667m 2 .

[0040] ​When planting, the depth of planting is 5-10 cm with the grafting interface of grapevine grafted on rootstock exposed to the ground, and the root system is naturally stretched;

[0041] After planting, water is poured in time to make the root system of grapevine closely contact with the soil. The ground can be covered with one of black and silver mulch to improve and stabilize the soil temperature and humidity around the root system. Drip pipes are installed along the grapevine row at the root of grapevine to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and water.

[0042] Step three: growth period management;

[0043] Bud wiping and branch setting: when the new shoots grow to 20-25 cm, branch setting is started, 1-2 new shoots with vigorous growth are reserved as main stems for each grapevine;

[0044] Tree structure cultivation: when the height of new shoots is 1.5-2.5 m from the ground, the top two shoots are pruned to cultivate into horizontal main stems, and the main stems are pruned when they grow to 1 m; the remaining shoots are pruned while 2-5 leaves are reserved, and the tendrils are also removed;

[0045] Fertilizer and water management: when the height of grapevine is 70-80 cm, topdressing is carried out every 10-20 days, 8-10 g of compound fertilizer is applied to each grapevine, and water is poured in time after fertilization to promote root absorption; 0.005-0.11 ppm growth promoting regulator, 500-1500 times of organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed foliar spraying, 20-80 times of organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed root irrigation, and 60-70 times of overgrowth inhibiting regulator foliar spraying can be used for mixed application; for productive trees, 0.03 ppm growth promoting regulator, 1250 times of organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed foliar spraying, 40 times of organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed root irrigation, and 60 times of overgrowth inhibiting regulator foliar spraying can be used for mixed application.

[0046] Step four: branch pruning; the pruning is carried out by using the way of broken stem pruning, V-shaped shaping is used for pruning the plant seedlings, and enough fruiting branches are reserved.

[0047] Step five: field management during flowering and fruiting period;

[0048] Inflorescence shaping: one inflorescence is reserved for each main branch during the young tree period, and flower thinning is started when the inflorescence differentiates, 16-18 small inflorescences are reserved at the top of 4-6 cm of the inflorescence; after 10-15 days of flowering, the fruit grains with poor shape and weak growth are removed, and 50-60 fruit grains are reserved per inflorescence.

[0049] Fruit enlargement and fruit preservation: 30 ppm gibberellin and 3-10 ppm forchlorfenuron are used to treat the inflorescence for fruit preservation during the flowering period, and the same concentration of drugs is used for enlargement treatment after 10-12 days.

[0050] Bagging: 20-30 days after flowering, spray the fruiting clusters with amicarbalil + benzoxadiazole + high-efficiency cypermethrin 1-2 times, and then bag the clusters in time after the liquid dries. The bag opening should be tightly tied.

[0051] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0052] First, select the planting site; choose a convenient irrigation, thick soil layer, sufficient sunlight, flat terrain, and close to water source; among them, the soil pH value is 6.8.

[0053] Second, planting;

[0054] Before planting, prepare fully decomposed manure, crushed crop straw, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and sand in advance; dig planting holes according to the standard of 70cm x 70cm x 70cm in length, width and depth, put the topsoil and subsoil on one side, fill 10cm thick crushed crop straw at the bottom of the hole, fill the subsoil and organic fertilizer on the surface of the straw, fill the topsoil of the hole with a ratio of soil:sand:fertilizer=6:2:1 in the upper 25cm of the hole; spread organic fertilizer 3t / 667m 2 and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 50kg / 667m 2 ; among them, the manure is one or more of chicken manure and sheep manure; in order to improve the survival rate and early yield, cover the roots with wet sand for 12 hours before planting, and then disinfect with 3-5 wave degree stone sulfur mixture, plant 60 plants / 667m 2 with a plant spacing of 3m x 3m.

[0055] When planting, the depth of the grafted seedlings of grape rootstock should be 10cm above the ground, and the roots should be naturally stretched.

[0056] After planting, water thoroughly in time to make the grape seedling roots and soil close together; among them, the ground can be covered with black mulch to improve and stabilize the soil temperature and humidity around the roots; and install a drip pipe along the grape row at the root of the grape to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and water.

[0057] Third, growth period management;

[0058] Bud wiping and branch setting: when the new shoots grow to 25cm, start setting branches, and keep 1 vigorous new shoot per grape as the main trunk.

[0059] Tree structure cultivation: when the new shoots are 1.5m high from the ground, leave the top two shoots and pinch the tips, and cultivate them into horizontal main vines, and pinch the tips when they grow to 1m; the remaining secondary shoots are kept for 2 leaves and continue to pinch the tips, and the tendrils are also removed.

[0060] Fertilizer management: when the height of grape seedlings is 70 cm, fertilize every 10 days, 10 g of compound fertilizer per plant each time, water in time after fertilization to promote root absorption; when fertilizing, 0.005-0.11 ppm growth promoting regulator, 500-1500 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed foliar spraying, 20-80 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed root drenching and 60 times overgrowth inhibiting regulator can be used; among them, 0.03 ppm growth promoting regulator, 1250 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed foliar spraying, 40 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed root drenching and 60 times overgrowth inhibiting regulator foliar spraying are used.

[0061] Fourth step, branch pruning; using the way of broken top pruning, V-shaped shaping method is used to prune the seedlings, and enough fruiting branches are reserved.

[0062] Fifth step, field management during flowering and fruiting period;

[0063] Inflorescence shaping: one inflorescence is left on each main branch during the young tree period, and flowers are thinned when inflorescence differentiation begins, leaving 5 cm at the top of the inflorescence with 18 small flower clusters; 15 days after flowering, remove the poor-shaped and weak-growing fruit grains, leaving 60 fruit grains per inflorescence.

[0064] Fruit enlargement and fruit preservation: during the flowering period, the inflorescence is treated with 25 ppm gibberellin and 5 ppm forchlorfenuron for fruit preservation, and 12 days later, the same concentration of drugs is used for enlargement treatment.

[0065] Bagging: 30 days after flowering, spray the inflorescence with amicarbalil + benzoxadiazole + high-efficiency cypermethrin once, and bag it in time after the drug solution dries, and the bag opening should be tightly tied.

[0066] Experimental verification:

[0067] I. Experimental design

[0068] General situation of experimental site

[0069] The experiment was conducted in 2022 in Guangxi Nanning City Qingxiu District Changtang Town Dingxi Village Xiangti Grape Cooperative (East longitude 108.62, North latitude 22.81) production garden, which is located in the south subtropical monsoon climate zone. The basic soil fertility of the grape garden is pH 5.0, organic matter 11.1 g / kg, alkali hydrolysis nitrogen 195.1 mg / kg, available phosphorus 140.5 mg / kg, and available potassium 46.0 mg / kg. The experimental site began to plant grapes in 2004, and has replaced yellow Italy, red rose and other varieties, belonging to a typical continuous cropping old grape garden.

[0070] Experimental materials

[0071] The test grape is 6-year-old Vitis berlandieri x Vitis rupestris cv. Sunlight Rose grafted on Vitis berlandieri x Vitis rupestris cv. SO4, which is planted by simple rain shelter cultivation with a plant spacing of 2.5 m x 1.2 m. The test grape plants have the same growth vigor, and the surrounding rows are protective rows. The soil is well ventilated and has uniform fertility.

[0072] The test accelerating growth regulator is 0.01% 24-epibrassinolid aqueous solution produced by Zhejiang Shijia Technology Co., Ltd., with code a1-a12 (a1 for short).

[0073] The test fertilizers are Kangbuchen foliar fertilizer b1 produced by Dongguan Desheng Fertilizer Technology Co., Ltd.; 98% potassium dihydrogen phosphate b2 produced by Shanghai Lianyi Phosphorus Chemical Co., Ltd.; Su Beier balanced fertilizer (18-18-18+2Mg+TE) b3 produced by Qingdao Su Beier Crop Nutrition Co., Ltd.; high-potassium macroelement water-soluble fertilizer (100-50-350+TE) b4 produced by Qingdao Haida Biological Group Co., Ltd.; "Nido's" organic water-soluble fertilizer c1 produced by Guangxi Dizheng Ben Fertilizer Co., Ltd.; organic water-soluble fertilizer c2 produced by Qingdao Haida Biological Group Co., Ltd.; potassium and phosphorus compound fertilizer (K2O 450 g / L, P2O5 50 g / L) c3 produced by Australia Elf Liquid Fertilizer Co., Ltd.; super-concentrated functional biological organic flushing fertilizer c4 produced by Hebei Juxi Biological Engineering Co., Ltd.; "Ba Shiteng" organic water-soluble fertilizer produced by Italy Valagro Co., Ltd.; fish fertilizer foliar fertilizer produced by Guangxi Rundong Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.; potassium and phosphorus compound fertilizer (0-525-275+TE) produced by Shandong Hongrun Fertilizer Co., Ltd.; and organic water-soluble fertilizer produced by South Africa Cape Co.

[0074] The test inhibitory growth regulator is 50% mepiquat chloride aqueous solution d1 produced by Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd.; 5% uniconazole wettable powder d2 produced by Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd.; 25% mepiquat chloride aqueous solution d3 produced by Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd.; and 40% ethylene water d4 produced by Shanghai Huayi Group Huayuan Co., Ltd.

[0075] Experimental design

[0076] The experiment adopts 4-factor mixed quadratic uniform design U12*(1210), the experimental factors and levels are arranged randomly in groups, 12 treatment combinations are set, each treatment has 2 repeats, x1 treatment sets 12 concentrations (encoding a1-a12), x2, x3, x4 each treatment level refers to the recommended dosage range of the product specification (encoding b1-3, c1-3, d1-3 respectively), at the same time, leaf spraying and root system irrigation are used to deploy fertilizer varieties to make the corresponding concentrations as close as possible to equal nutrients. The conventional medium production management level is used as a control treatment, and the treatment period refers to the local typical production management measures, the specific treatment measures are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1 Sunlight Rose U12*(1210) test treatment factors, levels and randomized arrangement scheme

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] II. Sample collection and management

[0081] At the grape ripening period, the yield of each treatment combination is measured in the field, the fruits are picked, 5 clusters of fruits are randomly selected for each treatment, and a total of 30 grains are selected from the upper, middle and lower parts, divided into 3 biological repeats, the total sugar, total acid and vitamin C content of the fruits are measured, the remaining samples are frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80℃ for volatile aroma substance analysis.

[0082] III. Quality index determination and method

[0083] Determination of total sugar content of fruit: refer to "NYT2742-2015 Determination of Soluble Sugar in Fruits and Products".

[0084] Determination of total acid content of fruit: refer to "GB / T 12456-2008 Determination of Total Acid in Food".

[0085] Determination of vitamin C content of fruit: refer to "GB009.86-2016 Determination of Ascorbic Acid in Food".

[0086] IV. Determination of fruit volatile substances

[0087] Aroma extraction method and determination: The grapes were washed and then homogenized and crushed. 5g of sample was weighed, 5g of ammonium sulfate was added, and it was vortexed at 1100r / min. Then 5mL of ultrapure water and 10mL of dichloromethane were added, and it was vortexed for 10min. It was then centrifuged at 4000r / min for 10min. The lower dichloromethane layer was removed, anhydrous sodium sulfate was added, and it was blown down to about 1mL under nitrogen. It was then filtered through a 0.22μm membrane and analyzed. A gas chromatograph mass spectrometer Thermo Scientific TRACE 1300-TSQ 900 was used to determine the volatile substances.

[0088] Mass spectrometry conditions: EI ionization, ionization energy 70eV, 10:1 split injection, ion source temperature 300℃, scan mass range 50-500m / z.

[0089] Chromatography conditions: TG-5SILMS 30m x 0.25mm x 250μm column, constant flow 1.0mL / min, injection volume 1μL.

[0090] V. Data processing

[0091] The experimental data was analyzed using Excel 2020, and the difference analysis and principal component analysis were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software. The relative content of grape aroma components was calculated using the gas chromatography peak area normalization method.

[0092] VI. Results and analysis

[0093] (1) Effect of different treatments on the quality and yield of Sunlight Rose grape fruits

[0094] From Table 2, it can be seen that the use of different concentrations of growth regulators, organic fertilizer mixed with inorganic fertilizer, foliar spraying, organic fertilizer mixed with inorganic fertilizer, root system irrigation, and the use of growth retardant at the same time have a certain effect on the quality and yield of Sunlight Rose grape fruit. Compared with the control, the total sugar content of T1, T2, T3, T4, and T6 increased by 6.82%, 10.80%, 10.80%, 9.84%, and 11.54%, respectively, and T5 decreased by 15.52%. At the same time, compared with CK, the total acid content of T8, T9, T10, and T11 decreased, and the VC content of T8, T10, and T12 increased, but there was no significant effect. There was no significant difference in the yield per mu of Sunlight Rose grape among the treatments. Compared with the control, the yield per mu of Sunlight Rose grape in T2, T5, T6, T7, T8, T11, and T12 showed a growth trend, increasing by 26.13%, 46.83%, 24.62%, 52.93%, 17.21%, 53.25%, and 36.45%, respectively, indicating that the yield of Sunlight Rose grape after most treatments increased. It is shown that most treatments have a positive effect on the quality and yield of Sunlight Rose grape fruit.

[0095] Table 2 Effect of different treatments on grape fruit quality and yield

[0096]

[0097] Note: The same column and different lowercase letters represent significant difference (p<0.05)

[0098] (2) Effect of different treatments on the aroma substances of Sunlight Rose fruit

[0099] From Table 3, the types of aroma components in the fruits of Sunlight Rose were alcohols, olefins, ketones, alkanes, esters, acids, phenols and aldehydes, among which the relative content of alkanes was the highest, followed by alcohols, and alcohol compounds were the most important class of substances in grape aroma components. Therefore, alcohol compounds were selected for analysis. There were certain differences in the types and relative contents of aroma compounds in Sunlight Rose among different treatments. The maximum number of detected aromatic compounds was 24, which was detected in T3, T4 and T9 treatments. Compared with CK, T1, T3, T4, T6, T7, T8 and T10 treatments increased the number of alcohol compounds, T1, T3, T6, T7, T8 and T10 treatments increased the relative content of alcohol compounds by 15.93%, 5.72%, 6.54%, 0.61%, 0.54% and 13.68%, respectively; T1, T5 and T9 treatments increased the relative content of olefin compounds by 4.92%, 32.79% and 21.31%, respectively; among the ketone compounds, only the relative content of T8 treatment increased by 88.31%, and the relative contents of other treatments decreased or no ketone compounds were detected; compared with CK, the relative contents of ester compounds in most treatments increased, but the relative contents of T5, T7, T8 and T9 treatments decreased by 68.45%, 33.15%, 46.52% and 3.21%, respectively; only one phenolic compound was detected in each treatment, and there was no significant difference in the relative content compared with CK; aldehyde compounds were detected in T4 and T5 treatments, but not in other treatments.

[0100] Table 3 Types and relative contents of various aroma compounds in Sunlight Rose under different treatments

[0101]

[0102] Note: "-" in the table indicates that it is not detected, and the same below.

[0103] (3) Effects of different treatments on alcohol aroma components in Sunlight Rose grape fruits

[0104] From Table 4, the main aroma components of alcohol substances in the fruits of different treated Sunlight Rose grapes are 2-butyl-1-octanol, 1-heptanetriol and γ-sitosterol, among which the relative content of γ-sitosterol is the highest, and a small amount of phytol is contained in all the treatments except CK. The alcohol substances contained in CK are only 6 kinds, and the total relative content of the main alcohol aroma substances is 13.96%. The most alcohol aroma components in each treatment are 8 kinds, which are T1, T4 and T7 treatments, respectively, and the total relative content of the main aroma components 2-butyl-1-octanol, 1-heptanetriol and γ-sitosterol is 15.43%, 11.49% and 13.31%, respectively. Therefore, the content of the main alcohol aroma substances in T1 treatment is the highest, which is increased by 10.53% compared with CK, while that in T4 treatment is the lowest, which is decreased by 17.69% compared with CK.

[0105] Table 4 Influence of different treatments on alcohol aroma substances in Sunlight Rose grapes

[0106]

[0107] (4) Influence of different treatments on the quality and aroma of Sunlight Rose grapes

[0108] As shown in Table 5, the variable explanation degree of the first principal component characteristic value is 26.301%, which is the main explanation variable, and the cumulative contribution rate of the four principal components is 80.664%, indicating that the four principal components can basically reflect the information of the 12 variables, which are the main analysis part. In Table 5, C, alkenes and aldehydes are the positive influence indexes with larger load weights in the first principal component, and the load weights are 0.715, 0.573 and 0.464, respectively, while total sugar is the negative influence index with larger load weight, and the load weight is -0.939; in the second principal component, alkanes and esters are the positive influence indexes with larger load weights, while acids and aldehydes are the negative influence indexes with larger load weights; in the third principal component, phenols, total acids and alkenes are the positive influence indexes with larger load weights, while acids and VC are the negative influence indexes with larger load weights; in the fourth principal component, ketones and alcohols are the positive influence indexes with larger load weights, while yield and aldehydes are the negative influence indexes with larger load weights.

[0109] According to the load weights and principal component characteristic values of each index, the characteristic vectors of each index are calculated, and the score calculation formula of each principal component is obtained. The expression of the comprehensive evaluation model Y is obtained by linearly weighting the scores of each principal component and the corresponding weights. The score calculation formula of each principal component and the comprehensive evaluation score model formula are as follows:

[0110] Y1 = -0.529X1 + 0.402X2 - 0.350X3 + 0.323X4 + 0.214X5 - 0.199X6 + 0.261X7 - 0.046X8 - 0.319X9 + 0.170X10 + 0.204X11 - 0.069X12;

[0111] Y2 = 0.070X1 + 0.101X2 + 0.331X8 - 0.238X4 + 0.506X5 - 0.490X6 - 0.439X7 + 0.094X8 - 0.083X9 + 0.168X10 + 0.165X11 - 0.02X12;

[0112] Y3 = -0.015X1 - 0.223X2 - 0.159X3 + 0.319X4 + 0.055X5 - 0.340X6 + 0.138X7 + 0.589X8 + 0.451X9 + 0.050X10 - 0.02X11 + 0.363X12;

[0113] Y4 = 0.1X1 + 0.211X2 - 0.01X3 + 0.185X4 - 0.138X5 + 0.038X6 - 0.292X7 - 0.009X8 - 0.148X9 - 0.585X10 + 0.496X11 + 0.44X12;

[0114] Y = 0.26301Y1 + 0.19762Y2 + 0.19247Y3 + 0.15355Y4;

[0115] The comprehensive evaluation score and order of each treatment in the four principal components calculated according to the model are shown in Table 6. The greater the Y value, the greater the effect of the test treatment on the quality and aroma of the grape fruit. The comprehensive score of T6 treatment is the highest, 0.69, and the comprehensive effect of T6 treatment on the quality and aroma of the grape fruit is the best.

[0116] Table 5 Load matrix between grape indexes

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] Table 6 Principal component score table

[0120]

[0121] Seven. Conclusion

[0122] The experiment research shows that the measures of the growth promoting regulator + organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed foliar spraying + organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed root system drenching + the growth promoting regulator for inhibiting overgrowth to the sunshine rose grape, the quality and yield of the sunshine rose grape are not significantly affected, but the quality of the grape fruit is improved to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the comprehensive effect of the quality and aroma of the sunshine rose grape fruit treated by the measures of 0.03 ppm growth promoting regulator + 1250 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed foliar spraying + 40 times organic and inorganic fertilizer mixed root system drenching + 60 times growth promoting regulator for inhibiting overgrowth is the best.

[0123] The above-mentioned is only the embodiment of the present application, and the common knowledge of specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described too much. The ordinary skilled person in the art knows all the ordinary technical knowledge in the technical field of the present application before the application date or the priority date, can know all the prior art in the field, and has the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before the date. The ordinary skilled person in the art can perfect and implement the present scheme under the guidance of the present application, and some typical known structures or known methods should not be an obstacle for the ordinary skilled person in the art to implement the present application. It should be pointed out that, for the skilled person in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for improving the quality and aroma compounds of Shine Muscat fruit through a combination of multiple factors, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Select a planting site; Choose an area with convenient irrigation and drainage, thick soil layer, plenty of sunshine, high and flat terrain, and close to water source; Step Two: Planting; Before transplanting, prepare fully decomposed manure, crushed crop straw, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and sand. Dig planting holes or furrows with dimensions of 70cm x 70cm x 70cm. Place topsoil and subsoil on opposite sides. Fill the bottom of the hole with 10-12cm of crushed crop straw, then cover the straw with subsoil and organic fertilizer. Fill the top 20-25cm of the hole with topsoil mixed in a soil:sand:fertilizer ratio of 6:2:

1. Apply 2-3 tons of organic fertilizer per 667m². 2 50-60 kg / 667 m² of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 2 ; When planting, the planting depth should be such that the grafting point of the grape rootstock seedling is 5-10cm above the ground, and the roots are naturally spread out. After planting, water thoroughly to ensure that the roots of the grape seedlings are in close contact with the soil. Step 3: Growth period management; Bud removal and branch selection: When the new shoots grow to 20-25cm, start branch selection, and retain 1-2 vigorous new shoots on each grape vine as the main trunk; Tree structure training: When the new shoots are 1.5 to 2.5 meters above the ground, pinch off the top two lateral shoots to train them into horizontal main vines. When they grow to 1 to 2 meters, pinch off the top of the main vines. The remaining lateral shoots are pinched off again, leaving 2 to 5 leaves. At the same time, the tendrils are removed. Fertilizer and water management: When the grape seedlings reach a height of 70-80cm, apply fertilizer every 10-12 days, using 8-10g of compound fertilizer per vine each time. Water promptly after fertilization to promote root absorption. For fertilized vines, use a mixture of 0.005-0.11ppm growth regulator, 500-1500 times diluted organic and inorganic fertilizer for foliar spraying, 20-80 times diluted organic and inorganic fertilizer for root drenching, and 60-70 times diluted growth regulator for foliar spraying. Step 4: Pruning branches; Step 5: Field management during the flowering and fruiting period; Inflorescence shaping: Leave one inflorescence on each main branch of the fruiting tree. When the flower buds separate, start thinning the flowers and retain 16 to 18 small flower spikes with a top 4 to 6 cm of the spike. 10 to 15 days after the flowers wither, remove the fruits with poor shape and weak growth, and retain 50 to 60 fruits per spike. Fruit enlargement and retention: At the end of full bloom, treat the inflorescence with 20-30 ppm gibberellin and 2-10 ppm chlorpyrifos to retain the fruit, and then treat with the same concentration of drugs for fruit enlargement 10-12 days later. Bagging: 30 to 40 days after flowering, spray the fruit spikes 1 to 2 times with amistar + difenoconazole + high-efficiency cypermethrin. After the solution dries, bag the fruit spikes promptly and tie the bag openings tightly.

2. The method for improving the quality and aroma compounds of Shine Muscat fruit through multi-factor combined treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the soil pH value is 5.5 to 7.

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3. The method for improving the quality and aroma compounds of Shine Muscat fruit through multi-factor combined treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step two, before transplanting, one or more types of manure, such as chicken manure and sheep manure, are used as fertilizer.

4. The method for improving the quality and aroma compounds of Shine Muscat fruit through multi-factor combined treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step two, to improve the survival rate and early yield, cover the roots with moist sand for 12-13 hours before transplanting, then disinfect with lime sulfur solution at 3-5 Baume degrees. Transplant 74-148 plants per 667m² at a spacing of 1.5-3m × 3m. 2 .

5. The method for improving the quality and aroma compounds of Shine Muscat fruit through multi-factor combined treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step two, after planting, the ground can be covered with either black or silver mulch to increase and stabilize the soil temperature and humidity around the roots; and drip irrigation canals can be installed at the base of the grapevines along the row direction to improve fertilizer and water utilization.

6. The method for improving the quality and aroma compounds of Shine Muscat fruit through multi-factor combined treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step three, during the fertilizer and water management during the production period, a mixture of 0.03 ppm growth regulator, 1250 times diluted organic and inorganic fertilizer for foliar spraying, 40 times diluted organic and inorganic fertilizer for root drenching, and 60 times diluted growth regulator for foliar spraying is used.

7. The method for improving the quality and aroma compounds of Shine Muscat fruit through multi-factor combined treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step four, the seedlings are pruned using a V-shaped pruning method, retaining enough fruiting branches.

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