Shock-free squeeze type descending device damping device

Abstract

A non-impact squeezing type descender damping device relates to the field of high-altitude life-saving descenders. In order to overcome the drawback that the impact type damping device is easily damaged due to the impact force, the device of the present invention drives one or two driving rods to rotate through a rope pulley. The periphery of each driving rod and a rolling ring are provided in the box body at the same time. The end of the driving rod pushes the inner circular surface of the rolling ring to make it roll along the inner circular surface of the box body, and squeezes the small steel balls or metal particles between the outer circular surface of the rolling ring and the inner circular surface of the box body. At this time, the end of the driving rod is like climbing a slope all the time, and the rolling ring is like rolling in the sand all the time, thereby generating a damping effect, and finally making the rope pulley rotate at a uniform speed. Alternatively, a driving plate is used to first push a roller, and then the roller pushes the inner circular surface of the rolling ring, which can also solve the wear problem at the same time. The device of the present invention has reasonable force, no impact force, is not easy to be damaged, has a simple structure, and has a low manufacturing cost. In particular, it can significantly enhance the safety and stability of the descender device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-altitude life-saving slow-descent device, in particular to a non-impact extrusion type slow-descent damping device. Background Art

[0002] There are two main types of high-altitude lifesaving slow-descent devices in the prior art. One is the friction type, which limits the rotation speed through the friction between the high-speed rotating centrifugal body and the inner surface of the box body to achieve the purpose of uniform slow-descent. Its biggest advantages are two aspects: one is the simple structure and low manufacturing cost; the other is the stable force, no impact force, and not easy to be damaged by accident.

[0003] There are two main problems with friction type. On the one hand, due to frictional heat, the surface properties of the friction material or metal material change, the hardness decreases, resulting in a decrease in the friction coefficient, a decrease in the damping effect, and even failure of the slow-down effect. On the other hand, the problem is that it is afraid of water and oil. That is, once water, oil or other media enter the friction pair, the friction coefficient drops sharply, the damping effect is greatly reduced, and even the slow-down effect fails.

[0004] Another type of high-altitude lifesaving descending device is the impact type, whose damping effect mainly comes from the non-stop continuous impact between the running parts or between the running parts and the fixed parts rather than friction. Its biggest advantage is that it overcomes the disadvantages of water, oil and other media entering the friction pair of the descender, which seriously affects the damping effect and friction overheating, resulting in the failure of the descender. At present, the main research directions of the existing technology are basically centered on the impact type, and there are more than ten invention patent technologies, which are actually impact damping devices, the difference is only the structure.

[0005] All impact damping devices involve two aspects: safety, stability and cost. In terms of safety and stability, the main problem is the wear and damage of components caused by impact. The damage of components is mainly caused by the metal material reaching the fatigue limit strength due to impact or suffering from excessive instantaneous impact force and unreasonable force. The cost problem is mainly caused by the selection of special materials to prevent component damage, which leads to a significant increase in cost. This aspect not only involves the material selection of components directly involved in the impact, but also other related transmission components need to improve the anti-destruction strength and fatigue strength.

[0006] For example, a "planetary impact type descending slowdown device" (ZL201811293808.8) uses a scheme of 4 sets of centrifugal blocks colliding with each other to achieve descending slowdown. In order to prevent damage to components, special materials must be selected and processing accuracy must be improved, which leads to a high cost. At the same time, due to the cantilever beam structure, the force is very unreasonable, and the requirements for materials, processing accuracy and installation strength are very high;

[0007] Another example is "A two-way track-changing type descending slowdown damping device" (ZL201310505232.8), which uses the driving pins of the driving disk A to push the centrifugal body along the S-shaped track-changing slideway, and produces a damping effect through continuous collision, friction and two-way track change with the inner and outer slideways. The driving pin is a cantilever beam structure, and the force is unreasonable. Once it is welded or broken, it will cause the slowdown to fail;

[0008] For another example, the "constant speed slow descent device" (ZL201920283236.9) uses a centrifugal body and a fixed part (4 "limiting columns") to collide continuously, which has a large impact force and unreasonable force, and requires the use of special metal materials;

[0009] In summary, the above-mentioned impact damping devices all have the problem that the impact force generated by the impact can easily lead to component damage. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the impact damping device, the present invention provides a non-impact extrusion type descending speed reducer damping device, which drives a driving rod to rotate through a rope pulley, and a rolling ring is arranged on the periphery of the driving rod and in the box body at the same time. The end of the driving rod pushes the inner circular surface of the rolling ring to make it roll along the inner circular surface of the box body, and squeezes the small steel balls or other metal particles between the outer circular surface of the rolling ring and the inner circular surface of the box body. The end of the driving rod is like climbing a slope all the time, and the rolling ring is like rolling in the sand all the time, thereby generating a damping effect, and finally making the rope pulley rotate at a uniform speed. Alternatively, a driving plate is used to push a roller, and then the roller pushes the inner circular surface of the rolling ring. The above device can be arranged in two groups in the axial direction, and symmetrically arranged to reduce vibration. Since the resistance of the rolling ring and the end or roller of the driving rod of the device only changes with the rotation speed of the rope pulley, there is no impact force and no wear problem, which is used to ensure the safety and stability of the descending speed reducer.

[0011] The present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an impact-free extrusion type descending retarder damping device, comprising a box body, a rope pulley, a central shaft, a speed increasing mechanism, a central gear and a partition, wherein a disc-shaped partition divides the interior of the box body into two parts, the rope pulley and the central gear both rotate on the central shaft, and the rope pulley finally drives the central gear to rotate through the speed increasing mechanism, the central gear is a cylindrical gear, one end of the central gear passes through the central through hole of the partition and is assembled with a driving rod or a driving plate and rotates synchronously, and is characterized in that: a disc-shaped intermediate plate is arranged between the partition and a box body side panel, and the intermediate plate is provided with a central through hole and is movably sleeved on the central gear. On the wheel, a rolling ring is installed between the middle plate and the partition plate and the side panel of the box body. The two rolling rings are both tubular, and the two axial side surfaces are in active contact with the middle plate, the partition plate or the side panel of the box body respectively. The diameter of the inner circle of the rolling ring is larger than the sum of the radius of the inner circle of the box body and the radius of the central gear, that is, the central gear is located in the two rolling rings, and the diameter of the outer circle of the rolling ring is smaller than the diameter of the inner circle of the box body. A certain number of small steel balls or metal particles of other shapes are installed between the outer circle of the rolling ring and the inner circle of the box body. A driving rod or a driving plate or two driving plates are also installed in each rolling ring and on the central gear respectively. Each driving The moving rod or the driving plate is located on the radius line of the box body, that is, the inner side end of the driving rod or the driving plate is assembled with the central gear and rotates synchronously. After assembly, the center lines of the driving rods or the driving plates in the two rolling rings are parallel to each other, and their outer ends face oppositely, that is, the two sets of rolling rings, the driving rods or the driving plates are symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis. At the same time, the axis line of each rolling ring is always in an eccentric position relative to the central axis. When the driving rod is assembled, the end of the outer end of the driving rod is an arc surface and is in sliding contact with the inner circular surface of the rolling ring, and the distance between the outer circular surface of the rolling ring and the inner circular surface of the box body corresponding to the contact point is not less than the diameter of a small steel ball or a metal The maximum size of the particles. When the drive plate is assembled, the outer end of the drive plate is assembled with a cylindrical roller, and two or one cylindrical roller with a central through hole is assembled on the roller. The roller is in active contact with the inner circular surface of the rolling ring, and the distance between the outer circular surface of the rolling ring and the inner circular surface of the box body corresponding to the contact point is not less than the diameter of a small steel ball or the maximum size of the metal particles. When the pulley drives the drive rod or the drive plate to rotate, the end of the drive rod or the roller pushes the inner circular surface of the rolling ring to make it roll along the inner circular surface of the box body, and the outer circular surface of the rolling ring continuously squeezes the small steel balls or metal particles, thereby generating a damping effect, and finally causing the pulley to rotate at a uniform speed.

[0012] In this scheme, the speed increasing mechanism includes an inner gear ring arranged on the inner circular surface of the box body, and a plurality of planetary gears are installed on the rope pulley to mesh with the inner gear ring and the central gear at the same time. One end of the central gear passes through the central through hole of the partition plate and the middle plate and is assembled with the driving rod or the driving plate and rotates synchronously. Of course, the central gear can also be first fixedly assembled with a connecting shaft rotating on the central shaft, and the connecting shaft passes through the central through hole of the partition plate and the middle plate and is key-connected or assembled with a flat shaft and an oblong hole, and then assembled with the driving rod or the driving plate and rotates synchronously.

[0013] The distance between the outer surface of the rolling ring and the inner surface of the box body corresponding to the contact point of the driving rod, roller and the inner surface of the rolling ring is not less than the diameter of a small steel ball or the maximum size of the metal particles to prevent the phenomenon of jamming. If the distance is less than the diameter of the small steel ball or the maximum size of the metal particles, the small steel ball or metal particles will be clamped between the outer surface of the rolling ring and the inner surface of the box body, and the greater the thrust of the driving rod or roller, the greater the clamping force, until it is jammed and cannot rotate.

[0014] The larger the diameter of the small steel ball or the size of the metal particles of other shapes, the stronger the damping effect; the rougher the surface, the greater the damping effect; the friction between metal particles of other shapes is much greater than that of small steel balls, and their damping effect will also be greater.

[0015] Furthermore, when the driving rod is assembled, the driving rod is an integral structure or is formed by stacking a number of thin sheets of the same shape, that is, it is composed of stamping parts, and the function remains unchanged. The purpose of stacking stamping parts is to significantly reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0016] Furthermore, when assembling the driving plate, only one driving plate is arranged in one rolling ring to push two rollers at the same time, that is, a roller hole or a notch is arranged at the outer end of the driving plate, and it is movably assembled with the middle part of a cylindrical roller, and the two ends of the roller are respectively assembled with a cylindrical roller with a central through hole; or two driving plates are arranged in one rolling ring to jointly push one roller, that is, the roller holes or notches at the outer ends of the two driving plates are movably assembled with the two ends of a roller, and the middle part of the roller is then assembled with the central through hole of a roller.

[0017] Of course, it is also possible to combine two rollers and one roller shaft into one component, that is, the middle part of a roller with a larger axial thickness is processed into a thin shaft, and it is assembled with the notch of a driving plate. That is, the roller shaft is cancelled, the number of parts is reduced, but the function remains unchanged (such as Fig.14 , 15 as shown).

[0018] The outer end of the driving plate is provided with a roller hole or notch for movably assembling the roller. The roller hole or notch has the same function. Because there is a matching gap between the roller hole and the roller, the reaction force of the inner surface of the rolling ring always pushes the roller back during operation, and the centrifugal force of the roller will push the rolling ring to squeeze the small steel balls or metal particles. Similarly, for the driving rod and the driving plate, their own centrifugal force will also act on the inner surface of the rolling ring.

[0019] Furthermore, one set of rolling rings, driving rods or driving plates and the rollers and rollers assembled thereon are eliminated, and at the same time the middle plate is eliminated, that is, only another set of rolling rings, driving rods or driving plates and the rollers and rollers assembled thereon are retained, and their corresponding axial thickness is increased, and the function of the descending device remains unchanged.

[0020] In this solution, two sets of rolling rings, driving rods or driving plates are symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis to reduce vibration. The vibration has no effect on the human body or heavy objects, so when only one set of the above components is used, the structure can be simplified.

[0021] Working principle: When the rope pulley drives the driving rod or driving plate to rotate, the end of the driving rod or the roller pushes the rolling ring to roll along the inner surface of the box body, and the outer surface of the rolling ring squeezes the small steel balls or metal particles. After the rolling ring rolls over, there is only one layer of small steel balls or metal particles between the back of the rolling ring and the inner surface of the box body, while the small steel balls or metal particles in front of the rolling ring are always squeezed forward. The rolling ring is like rolling in the sand, and the process of the end of the driving rod or the roller pushing the rolling ring is like climbing a slope, thereby generating a damping effect. The faster the rope pulley rotates, the greater the reaction force of the small steel balls or metal particles on the rolling ring, and the greater the resistance and energy consumption of pushing the rolling ring, which eventually makes the rope pulley rotate at a uniform speed.

[0022] Because the outer diameter of the rolling ring in this solution is much larger than the radius of the inner surface of the box body, when the rolling ring squeezes the small steel balls or metal particles, the direction of its squeezing force is always close to the radius direction of the inner surface of the box body, or the direction of the squeezing force is always kept close to the vertical state with the tangent direction of the inner surface of the box body corresponding to the point of action, and the movement of the small steel balls or metal particles is squeezed away, and there is no possibility that the small steel balls or metal particles are pushed as a whole to make circular motion. On the contrary, when the diameter of the rolling ring is smaller (for example, smaller than the radius of the inner surface of the box body, that is, the rolling ring is located outside the central axis and the central gear), the squeezing force on the steel balls is more toward the front, and it is easy to push the small steel balls or metal particles (the friction between the small steel balls and the inner surface of the box body is smaller than that of the metal particles) to make circular motion as a whole, because the friction between the small steel balls or metal particles and the inner surface of the box body is very small, and the damping effect cannot meet the needs.

[0023] Since the driving rod, roller and rolling ring are always in contact, the reaction force of the rolling ring from the small steel balls or metal particles and the reaction force of the rolling ring from the driving rod or roller are gradually increased or kept unchanged, that is, they only change with the speed of the rope wheel, so there is no impact force, and the friction damping device has the characteristics of stable force and no impact force. At the same time, the driving rod or driving plate has reasonable force and simple structure, so the overall operation is stable, which significantly enhances the safety and stability of the descending device.

[0024] When the roller is used to push the rolling ring, there is rolling friction between the roller and the rolling ring, which results in less wear. The small steel balls are numerous, wear-resistant, and stable in performance, so there is no wear problem overall. When the driving rod is used to push the rolling ring, the driving rod has a certain thickness and can be made of ordinary metal materials. The friction coefficient between the two is very small. Even if there is a certain amount of wear and the distance between the outer cylindrical surface of the rolling ring and the inner cylindrical surface of the box body increases, it will not reach the diameter of the two small steel balls, so the squeezing effect on the small steel balls will not change much, that is, it will not affect the damping effect.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the damping effect is obvious by squeezing small steel balls or metal particles through the rolling ring. While maintaining the characteristics of being not afraid of oil or water, the overall force is reasonable, there is no impact force, the operation is stable, and it is not easy to wear, which significantly improves the safety, stability and service life of the descending device. It also has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0026] Combine the following Figures 1 to 15 The present invention is further described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention (when assembling the drive plate and the roller);

[0028] Figure 2 : Figure 1 AA view;

[0029] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention (when the driving rod is assembled);

[0030] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of two sets of driving rods and rolling rings being symmetrically arranged;

[0031] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of rolling ring;

[0032] Figure 6 : Figure 5 A top view of

[0033] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the driving rod (made of stamping parts stacked together and assembled with the central gear);

[0034] Figure 8 : Figure 7 A top view of

[0035] Fig. 9 : Schematic diagram of the driving rod (when key connected);

[0036] Fig.10 : Schematic diagram of the drive plate (with roller holes, stamping parts, and assembly with the central gear);

[0037] Fig.11 : Schematic diagram of the drive plate (with notches, stamping parts, and assembled with the central gear);

[0038] Fig.12 : Schematic diagram of the drive plate (with notches, stamping parts, key connections)

[0039] Fig.13 : Schematic diagram of roller;

[0040] Fig.14 : Schematic diagram of a roller with a roller and a roller shaft as an integrated structure;

[0041] Fig.15 : Fig.14 Top view of the .

[0042] In each figure: 1: box body, 2: rope pulley, 3: center shaft, 4: inner ring gear, 5: partition plate, 6: planetary gear, 7: center gear, 8: middle plate, 9: rolling ring, 10: driving rod, 11: driving plate, 12: roller hole, 13: roller, 14: notch, 15: roller, 16: small steel ball, 17: side panel of box body, 18: gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0043] Figure 1 , 2 The structure diagram of a non-impact extrusion type descending retarder damping device (hereinafter referred to as the damping device) provided by the present invention. The damping device includes a box body 1, a rope wheel 2, a central shaft 3, a partition 5, a planetary gear 6, a central gear 7, an intermediate plate 8, a rolling ring 9, a driving plate 11, a roller 13, a roller 15, a small steel ball 16 and a gasket 18. Among them, the inner circumferential surface of the box body is provided with an inner gear ring 4, and the four planetary gears are assembled with the rope wheel and rotate synchronously. The central gear 7 and the rope wheel 2 rotate on the central shaft 3, and each planetary gear 6 is meshed with the inner gear ring 4 and the central gear 7 at the same time, and together constitute a speed increasing mechanism.

[0044] like Figure 2As shown, a partition 5 is provided inside the box body 1, and the interior of the box body is divided into two parts. A disc-shaped middle plate 8 is located between the partition 5 and the side panel 17 of the box body, so that the left half of the box body is divided into two parts. The middle plate 8 is provided with a central through hole and is movably mounted on the central gear 7. A rolling ring 9 is installed between the middle plate 8 and the partition and the side panel of the box body. Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the two rolling rings are in the shape of circular tubes, wherein the two axial side surfaces of one rolling ring are in active contact with the middle plate and the partition plate respectively, and the two side surfaces of the other rolling ring are in active contact with the middle plate and the side panel 17 of the box body respectively, and the diameter of the inner circular surface of the rolling ring 9 is larger than the sum of the radius of the inner circular surface of the box body and the radius of the center gear, and at the same time, the diameter of the outer circular surface of the rolling ring is smaller than the diameter of the inner circular surface of the box body, that is, the center gear is located inside the two rolling rings, and the two rolling rings are located inside the box body.

[0045] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a certain number of small steel balls 16 are installed between the outer circumferential surface of the rolling ring and the inner circumferential surface of the box body.

[0046] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 1 and 11, two drive plates 11 are installed inside each rolling ring 9 and on the center gear 7, respectively. Each drive plate is located on the radius line of the box body, that is, the center gear 7 passes through the center through hole of the partition plate 5 and the middle plate 8, and is assembled with the inner gear ring-shaped through hole at the inner side end of each drive plate, and rotates synchronously. After assembly, the center lines of the drive plates in the two rolling rings are parallel to each other, and the outer ends of the two groups of drive plates face opposite directions, that is, the two groups of rolling rings and drive plates are symmetrically arranged relative to the center axis 3. At the same time, as shown in Figures 1 and 11, the center lines of the drive plates in the two rolling rings are parallel to each other, and the outer ends of the two groups of drive plates face opposite directions, that is, the two groups of rolling rings and drive plates are symmetrically arranged relative to the center axis 3. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the axis of each rolling ring is always in an eccentric position relative to the central axis. A cylindrical roller 13 is movably mounted in the notch 14 at the outer end of each set of two driving plates 11, and a cylindrical roller 15 (such as a cylindrical roller 15 with a central through hole) is mounted on the roller and between the two driving plates. Fig.13 As shown in FIG. 1 ), the roller 15 is in active contact with the inner surface of the rolling ring 9, and the distance between the outer surface of the rolling ring and the inner surface of the box body corresponding to the contact point is not less than the diameter of a small steel ball 16. Figure 2 As shown, a backing ring 18 is movably installed on the periphery of the central gear and between every two drive plates.

[0047] like Fig.10 As shown, the notch at the outer end of the driving plate 11 is changed into a roller hole 12 for movably assembling the roller 13, and its function remains unchanged.

[0048] like Fig.12As shown, the drive plate 11 can also adopt the following structural shape: the through hole at the inner end of the drive plate 11 is provided with a keyway, which is used to be assembled with a connecting shaft with a keyway in a key connection manner. The connecting shaft rotates on the central shaft 3, and its inner end is assembled with the central gear 7 and rotates synchronously.

[0049] Working process: Figure 1 , 2 As shown, when the rope wheel 2 drives the driving plate 11 to rotate, the driving plate 11 pushes the rolling ring 9 to roll along the inner surface of the box body 1 through the roller 15, and the outer surface of the rolling ring continuously squeezes the small steel balls 16, thereby generating a damping effect, and finally causing the rope wheel to rotate at a uniform speed. Example 2

[0050] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, based on the first embodiment, the driving plate 11 is replaced with the driving rod 10, and the roller 13 and the roller 15 are eliminated. Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the inner ring-shaped through hole of the inner end of the driving rod 10 is assembled with the central gear 7, and the end of the outer end of the driving rod 10 is an arc surface and is in sliding contact with the inner surface of the rolling ring 9, and the distance between the outer surface of the rolling ring and the inner surface of the box body corresponding to the contact point is not less than the diameter of a small steel ball 16. Figure 8 As shown, the driving rod 10 is formed by stacking a plurality of identical stamping parts, and does not require riveting, so the manufacturing cost is low. The working process is the same as above.

[0051] like Fig. 9 As shown, the drive rod 10 can also adopt the following structural shape: the through hole at the inner end of the drive rod 10 is provided with a keyway for assembly with a connecting shaft with a keyway in a key connection manner. The connecting shaft rotates on the central shaft 3, and its inner end is assembled with the central gear 7 and rotates synchronously. Example 3

[0052] On the basis of Example 2, one set of rolling rings and driving rods are eliminated, and the middle plate is eliminated, and the axial size of the remaining set of rolling rings and driving rods is increased (for example, 1 times), and the function of the descending device remains unchanged. The working process is the same as above.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the two sets of rolling rings and driving rods are symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis to reduce vibration. The vibration has no effect on the human body or heavy objects, so only one set of the above components can be used to simplify the structure.

[0054] Similarly, in Example 1, one set of rolling rings, driving plates, rollers, rollers and intermediate plates may be eliminated, and the axial dimensions of the other set of rolling rings, rollers and rollers retained may be increased (for example, by 1 times), and the function of the descending device may remain unchanged. Example 4

[0055] On the basis of Example 1, 2 or 3, the small steel balls are replaced with metal particles of other shapes, and the maximum size of the metal particles does not exceed the diameter of the small steel balls.

[0056] When using metal particles, they should be screened, that is, metal particles that can roll and have similar sizes should be selected. Using other metal particles will not only significantly enhance the damping effect, but also greatly reduce the cost, especially when using metal cut shot (the minimum distance between the rolling ring and the inner surface of the box body needs to be appropriately increased). Because the damping effect is large enough, the speed increase mechanism can be eliminated, and the rope pulley passes through a connecting shaft rotating on the central axis through the partition or middle plate to directly drive the driving rod or driving plate, and the overall manufacturing cost of the descending device is lower.

[0057] Because there is a certain matching gap between the rolling ring and the middle plate, partition or side panel of the box body on both sides, in order to prevent the burrs of rough metal particles falling from getting stuck in the gap, steel balls that have been preliminarily ground (deburred) and heat-treated but not yet finely ground by a grinding wheel can be selected. They are very economical and reliable.

[0058] In the above embodiments, in order to reduce wear and corrosion, an appropriate amount of lubricating oil needs to be injected into the box body.

Claims

1. A non-impact squeezing type descending retarder damping device, comprising a box body, a rope pulley, a central shaft, a speed increasing mechanism, a central gear and a partition, wherein: The disc-shaped partition divides the interior of the box body into two parts. The rope wheel and the center gear both rotate on the central axis. The rope wheel finally drives the center gear to rotate through the speed increasing mechanism. The center gear is a cylindrical gear. One end of the center gear passes through the central through hole of the partition and is assembled with the driving rod or the driving plate and rotates synchronously. Its characteristics are: a disc-shaped intermediate plate is arranged between the partition and a box body side panel. The intermediate plate is provided with a central through hole and is movably sleeved on the center gear. A rolling ring is respectively installed between the intermediate plate and the partition and the box body side panel. The two rolling rings are both tubular, and their two axial side surfaces are respectively The rolling ring is in active contact with the middle plate, the partition plate or the side panel of the box body. The diameter of the inner circular surface of the rolling ring is larger than the sum of the radius of the inner circular surface of the box body and the radius of the central gear, that is, the central gear is located in the two rolling rings. At the same time, the diameter of the outer circular surface of the rolling ring is smaller than the diameter of the inner circular surface of the box body. A certain number of small steel balls or metal particles of other shapes are installed between the outer circular surface of the rolling ring and the inner circular surface of the box body. A driving rod or a driving plate or two driving plates are respectively installed in each rolling ring and on the central gear. Each driving rod or driving plate is located on the radius line of the box body, that is, the inner end of the driving rod or driving plate is assembled with the central gear, and the inner end of the driving rod or driving plate is assembled with the central gear. The two rolling rings rotate step by step. After assembly, the center lines of the driving rods or driving plates in the two rolling rings are parallel to each other, and their outer ends face oppositely, that is, the two sets of rolling rings, driving rods or driving plates are symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis. At the same time, the axis of each rolling ring is always in an eccentric position relative to the central axis. When the driving rod is assembled, the end of the outer end of the driving rod is an arc surface and is in sliding contact with the inner circular surface of the rolling ring, and the distance between the outer circular surface of the rolling ring and the inner circular surface of the box body corresponding to the contact point between the driving rod and the inner circular surface of the rolling ring is not less than the diameter of a small steel ball or the maximum size of the metal particles. When the driving plate is assembled, the driving plate The outer end is assembled with a cylindrical roller, and two or one cylindrical rollers with a central through hole are assembled on the roller. The roller is in active contact with the inner circular surface of the rolling ring, and the distance between the outer circular surface of the rolling ring and the inner circular surface of the box body corresponding to the contact point between the roller and the inner circular surface of the rolling ring is not less than the diameter of a small steel ball or the maximum size of the metal particles. When the rope pulley drives the driving rod or the driving plate to rotate, the end of the driving rod or the roller pushes the inner circular surface of the rolling ring to make it roll along the inner circular surface of the box body, and the outer circular surface of the rolling ring continuously squeezes the small steel balls or metal particles, thereby generating a damping effect, and finally causing the rope pulley to rotate at a uniform speed.

2. The impact-free squeezing type descending retarder damping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the driving rod is assembled, the driving rod is an integral structure or is formed by stacking a plurality of identical stamping parts.

3. The impact-free squeezing type descending retarder damping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When assembling the driving plate, only one driving plate is set in one rolling ring to push two rollers at the same time, that is, the outer end of the driving plate is provided with a roller hole or a notch, and is movably assembled with the middle part of a cylindrical roller, and the two ends of the roller are respectively assembled with a cylindrical roller with a central through hole; or two driving plates are set in one rolling ring to jointly push one roller, that is, the roller holes or notches at the outer ends of the two driving plates are movably assembled with the two ends of a roller, and the middle part of the roller is assembled with the central through hole of a roller.

4. The impact-free squeezing type descending retarder damping device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Cancel one group of rolling rings, driving rods or driving plates and the rollers and rollers assembled thereon, and cancel the middle plate at the same time, that is, only retain another group of rolling rings, driving rods or driving plates and the rollers and rollers assembled thereon, and increase the corresponding axial thickness of the rolling rings, driving rods or driving plates and the rollers and rollers assembled thereon in the retained group, and the function of the descending device remains unchanged.

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