Wire-cut electrical discharge machine with automatic constant tension mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a wire-cutting electrical discharge machine with an automatic constant tension mechanism, and relates to the field of precision machining, and aims to solve the problem that a metal wire is prone to relaxation under the working condition of long-time use, which influences cutting precision, and the technical scheme is as follows: the metal wire enters the inside of a machine body after passing through the tension mechanism, the tension mechanism comprises a shell, a sliding groove is formed in the top wall of the shell along the direction of gravity, a counterweight is slidingly arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove, a pair of mounting plates are fixedly arranged on the top wall of the counterweight, a rolling wheel is rollingly arranged between the mounting plates, a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the machine body, the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel are arranged on the two sides of the sliding groove, the metal wire passes through the first guide wheel, the rolling wheel and the second guide wheel in sequence, and the counterweight falls under the action of gravity to automatically tighten the metal wire, so that the metal wire is kept in tension at all times, and the precision of wire cutting and the quality of finished products are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of precision machining, in particular to a wire-cutting EDM machine tool with automatic constant tension mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] The wire-cutting EDM machine is mainly used for manufacturing various molds, electrodes, precision parts, and machining complex cavities and curved surfaces of various conductive bodies such as hard alloy, quenched steel, graphite, aluminum alloy, structural steel, stainless steel, titanium alloy, and diamond. The machine adopts a computer control system, full-Chinese automatic drawing programming, and control software. The trajectory and time are displayed during machining, and the machining condition can be understood at any time. The machine has multiple cutting functions.

[0003] The wire-cutting EDM machine tool provides pulse current to the workpiece to be cut for discharge cutting. The metal wire is prone to relaxation under long-term working conditions, which affects the cutting effect. Therefore, in order to prevent the metal wire running on the guide wheel from relaxing, a device for automatically and constantly tensioning the metal wire is needed to ensure the cutting effect. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a wire-cutting EDM machine tool with automatic constant tension mechanism.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The machine tool body is internally provided with a wire storage cylinder, the outer wall of which is wound with metal wires of several lengths. The outer wall of the machine tool body is fixedly provided with a tensioning mechanism and a wire retaining device. The metal wires pass through the wire retaining device and the tensioning mechanism in sequence and are arranged in the machine tool body. The tensioning mechanism includes a housing, a sliding groove is formed in the top wall of the housing along the gravity direction, a counterweight is slidingly arranged in the sliding groove, a pair of mounting plates are fixedly arranged on the top wall of the counterweight, a rolling wheel is rollingly arranged between the mounting plates, a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the machine tool body, the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel are arranged on both sides of the sliding groove, and the metal wires pass through the first guide wheel, the rolling wheel, and the second guide wheel in sequence.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the wire holding device can effectively clamp and fix the metal wire to prevent the metal wire from slipping, the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel cooperate with each other to ensure that the metal wire moves stably in a fixed direction, avoid the metal wire from loosening to change the contact angle with the rolling wheel and change the tensioning tension, and provide stable and persistent tension under the influence of gravity by using the counterweight, when the metal wire loosens, the counterweight falls automatically to tighten the metal wire under the action of gravity, and the metal wire is kept in tension at all times to improve the cutting effect and precision of the wire cutting.

[0008] Further, the outer wall of the counterweight is provided with a plurality of clamping protrusions, the cross section of the clamping protrusion is a reverse triangular shape, the inside of the sliding groove is provided with a locking groove matched with the clamping protrusion, the clamping protrusion comprises a metal framework, the metal framework is installed on the outer wall of the counterweight, and the metal framework is wrapped with a rubber protective layer.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, under the action of gravity, the counterweight freely falls to make the clamping protrusion lock the locking groove, because the cross section of the clamping protrusion is a reverse triangular shape and the counterweight has a large mass, the counterweight can overcome the friction between the clamping protrusion and the locking groove to continue to fall and thereby tighten the metal wire, when the metal wire touches an obstacle during cutting operation, the reverse triangular structure of the clamping protrusion is deeply embedded in the locking groove to lock, preventing the metal wire from being pulled, and ensuring that the metal wire can maintain stable cutting conditions, the clamping protrusion wraps the metal framework with a rubber protection groove, which not only ensures the structural strength of the clamping protrusion but also makes the outer layer have a certain elasticity, facilitating the sliding of the counterweight under the action of gravity.

[0010] Further, the bottom edge of the clamping protrusion is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the counterweight, the outer wall of the counterweight is provided with a receiving groove for rotating and embedding the clamping protrusion, and the groove mouth and the groove bottom of the sliding groove are provided with a turnover cavity for turnover movement of the clamping protrusion.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the turnover cavity provides enough space for the clamping protrusion to turn over, when the counterweight moves to the bottom of the sliding groove, the clamping protrusion naturally falls under the action of gravity and is embedded in the receiving groove, the elastic end of the clamping protrusion is exposed outside, at this time, the counterweight cannot be locked and can be easily pulled out, facilitating the maintenance of the inside by the operator, when it is necessary to reinstall the counterweight to play a tensioning role, the clamping protrusion end exposed outside will be hindered when the counterweight is pulled to the turnover cavity of the groove mouth, the clamping protrusion is turned over and attached to the outer wall of the counterweight, at this time, the counterweight can freely fall under the action of gravity to play a tensioning role again.

[0012] Further, the first guide wheel, the rolling wheel and the second guide wheel are provided with a wire guide groove, and the cross section of the wire guide groove is an open setting.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the wire groove with an open cross section is convenient for the metal wire to slide into, and the metal wire can be automatically tightened and corrected during the sliding process, so that the perfect embedding effect is achieved.

[0014] Further, the shell contains a quantitative buffer oil, the counterweight is provided with an oil hole for the buffer oil to enter and exit, the outer wall of the counterweight is provided with a guide protrusion in the sliding direction, and the outer wall of the machine tool body is provided with a guide groove matched with the guide protrusion.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the buffer oil has good buffering and lubricating effects, the oil hole is convenient for the buffer oil to move freely during the movement of the counterweight, avoids the sealing structure from hindering the sliding of the counterweight, the guide protrusion cooperates with the guide groove to strictly limit the sliding direction of the counterweight, and the buffer oil and the guide protrusion work together to ensure the stable and smooth sliding of the counterweight.

[0016] Further, the outer wall of the machine tool body is provided with a pair of clamping columns, the clamping columns are arranged at intervals of the sliding groove, one side of the clamping column close to the sliding groove is provided with a dirt-proof cover for covering the sliding groove, the outer wall of the dirt-proof cover is provided with a wire groove for the metal wire to move freely, and the wire groove is provided in an open cross section.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the dirt-proof cover can effectively prevent various dirt from entering the shell to pollute the oil or block the sliding of the counterweight, the wire groove provided in an open cross section can ensure the free movement of the metal wire, and the oil adhered to the metal wire can also fall freely into the shell, and the structure similar to the funnel also facilitates the addition of the buffer oil.

[0018] Further, the clamping column is provided at the end with a pressing plate, and the pressing plate covers the outer wall of the dirt-proof cover.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, the pressing plate can be automatically rotated, and when the dirt-proof cover needs to be locked, the pressing plate can be rotated and pressed, and when the dirt-proof cover needs to be unlocked, the pressing plate is rotated away from the dirt-proof cover, so that the structure is simple and practical.

[0020] Further, the shell is provided with a transparent observation window, and the observation window is provided with scale lines along the sliding direction of the counterweight.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, the observation window is convenient for the operator to observe the running state of the internal structure, and the scale lines can effectively evaluate the relaxation degree of the metal wire, so that the subsequent operation is facilitated.

[0022] Further, the top wall of the counterweight is provided with a pair of pulling rods, the pulling rods pass through the wire groove, and the end of the pulling rod is connected with a pulling plate.

[0023] By adopting the technical scheme, the pulling plate can effectively pull the counterweight block in cooperation with the pulling rod, and the operator can conveniently reset the counterweight block.

[0024] Further, the liquid changing hole penetrating through the bottom wall of the shell is provided with a rubber leakage-proof plug in threaded cooperation with a plug.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the liquid changing hole is provided with the rubber leakage-proof plug, so that the replacement of the buffer oil and the cleaning of the internal structure are facilitated.

[0026] To sum up, the beneficial technical effects of the present application are as follows:

[0027] 1. The first guide wheel, the rolling wheel, the second guide wheel and the counterweight block are adopted, so that the metal wire is constantly tensioned, thereby improving the wire cutting precision and the product quality;

[0028] 2. The clamping rib and the locking groove are adopted, so that the metal wire is unidirectionally locked to prevent the metal wire from being bent due to touching obstacles, thereby affecting the cutting effect;

[0029] 3. The dirt-proof cover and the wire slot are adopted, so that various dirt outside is effectively prevented from entering the shell to contaminate the oil or block the sliding of the counterweight block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tensioning mechanism in the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the tensioning mechanism in the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the A part in the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping rib in the present application.

[0036] 1, machine tool body; 11, wire storage cylinder; 2, metal wire; 3, tensioning mechanism; 4, wire retaining device; 41, housing; 411, locking groove; 412, anti-fouling cover; 413, wire slot; 42, sliding groove; 43, counterweight; 431, mounting plate; 432, rolling wheel; 433, first guide wheel; 434, second guide wheel; 435, wire guide slot; 44, clamping convex rib; 441, metal framework; 442, rubber protective layer; 45, storage slot; 46, turnover cavity; 47, oil hole; 48, guide slot; 5, clamping column; 51, pressing plate; 6, observation window; 7, pulling rod; 71, pulling plate; 8, rubber leak-proof plug; 81, liquid exchange hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-5 The application provides the technical solutions:

[0040] The machine tool body 1 is internally provided with a wire storage cylinder 11, the outer wall of the wire storage cylinder 11 is wound with a plurality of lengths of metal wires 2, the outer wall of the machine tool body 1 is fixedly provided with a tensioning mechanism 3 and a wire retaining device 4, the metal wires 2 pass through the wire retaining device 4 and the tensioning mechanism 3 in sequence and are arranged into the machine tool body 1, the tensioning mechanism 3 comprises a shell 41, the shell 41 is provided with a sliding groove 42 in the top wall along the gravity direction, the sliding groove 42 is slidingly provided with a counterweight 43 matched with the inner wall, the top wall of the counterweight 43 is fixedly provided with a pair of mounting plates 431, the rolling wheels 432 are rollingly arranged between the mounting plates 431, the outer wall of the machine tool body 1 is fixedly provided with a first guide wheel 433 and a second guide wheel 434, the first guide wheel 433 and the second guide wheel 434 are arranged on the both sides of the sliding groove 42, the metal wires 2 pass through the first guide wheel 433, the rolling wheels 432 and the second guide wheel 434 in sequence, the wire retaining device 4 is a device capable of effectively clamping and fixing the metal wires 2 to prevent the metal wires 2 from slipping, which is not the focus of the present application and will not be described here, the first guide wheel 433 and the second guide wheel 434 cooperate with each other to ensure that the metal wires 2 move stably in a fixed direction, avoid the metal wires 2 from relaxing to change the contact angle with the rolling wheels 432 and change the tensioning force, the counterweight 43 provides stable and lasting tensioning force under the influence of gravity, when the metal wires 2 relax, the counterweight 43 falls automatically to tighten the metal wires 2 under the action of gravity, ensures that the metal wires 2 are always tensioned and improves the cutting effect and precision of wire cutting, the outer wall of the counterweight 43 is provided with a plurality of clamping protrusions 44, the cross section of the clamping protrusions 44 is a reverse barb triangular shape, the sliding groove 42 is provided with a locking groove 411 matched with the clamping protrusions 44, the clamping protrusions 44 comprise a metal framework 441, the metal framework 441 is arranged on the outer wall of the counterweight 43, the metal framework 441 is wrapped with a rubber protective layer 442, under the action of gravity, the counterweight 43 freely falls to make the clamping protrusions 44 lock the locking groove 411, due to the reverse barb triangular shape of the cross section of the clamping protrusions 44 and the large mass of the counterweight 43, the counterweight 43 can overcome the friction between the clamping protrusions 44 and the locking groove 411 to continue to fall and thereby tension the metal wires 2, when the metal wires 2 touch obstacles during cutting operation, the reverse barb structure of the clamping protrusions 44 is deeply embedded in the locking groove 411 to lock, prevents the metal wires 2 from being pulled, ensures that the metal wires 2 can maintain stable cutting conditions, the clamping protrusions 44 wrap the metal framework 441 with a rubber protective groove, which ensures the structural strength of the clamping protrusions 44 and makes the outer layer have a certain elasticity, facilitates the counterweight 43 to slide under the action of gravity, the bottom edge of the clamping protrusions 44 is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the counterweight 43, the outer wall of the counterweight 43 is provided with a receiving groove 45 for rotating and embedding the clamping protrusions 44, the slot opening and the groove bottom of the sliding groove 42 are provided with a turnover cavity 46 for the clamping protrusions 44 to turn over, the turnover cavity 46 provides enough space for the clamping protrusions 44 to turn over, when the counterweight 43 moves to the groove bottom of the sliding groove 42, the clamping protrusions 44 naturally fall under the action of gravity,The embedded fitting convex edge 44 has a flexible end exposed outside the receiving groove 45. When the counterweight 43 cannot be locked and can be easily pulled up, it is convenient for the operator to overhaul the inside. When the counterweight 43 needs to be reinstalled to play a tensioning role, pull the counterweight 43 to the slot opening of the turnover cavity 46, and the exposed end of the fitting convex edge 44 will be hindered to reflip the fitting convex edge 44 to adhere to the outer wall of the counterweight 43. At this time, the counterweight 43 can freely fall under the action of gravity to play a tensioning role again. The first guide wheel 433, the rolling wheel 432 and the second guide wheel 434 are surrounded by the wire guide groove 435. The wire guide groove 435 is open in cross section. The wire guide groove 435 which is open in cross section can easily slide the metal wire 2 into it. It can also automatically tighten and correct during the sliding process, achieving the effect of auxiliary perfect embedding. The shell 41 contains a certain amount of buffer oil. The counterweight 43 is provided with an oil hole 47 for the buffer oil to enter and exit. The outer wall of the counterweight 43 is fixedly provided with a guide protrusion along the sliding direction. The outer wall of the machine tool body 1 is provided with a guide groove 48 matched with the guide protrusion. The buffer oil has good buffering and lubricating effect. The oil hole 47 is arranged to facilitate the free movement of the buffer oil during the movement of the counterweight 43, avoiding the hindering of the sliding of the counterweight 43 by the sealing structure. The guide protrusion cooperates with the guide groove 48 to strictly limit the sliding direction of the counterweight 43. The buffer oil, the guide protrusion and other structures work together to ensure the stable and smooth sliding of the counterweight 43. The machine tool body 1 is provided with a pair of fitting columns 5 extending outward. The fitting columns 5 are arranged in the slot opening of the sliding groove 42. One side of the fitting column 5 close to the sliding groove 42 is slidingly provided with a dirt-proof cover 412 covering the slot opening of the sliding groove 42. The outer wall of the dirt-proof cover 412 is provided with a wire slot 413 for the free movement of the metal wire 2. The wire slot 413 is open in cross section. The arrangement of the dirt-proof cover 412 can effectively prevent various dirt from entering the shell 41 and polluting the oil or blocking the sliding of the counterweight 43. The open wire slot 413 ensures the free movement of the metal wire 2, and the oil adhering to the metal wire 2 can also freely fall into the shell 41. The similar structure of the funnel also facilitates the addition of buffer oil. The end of the fitting column 5 is rotatably provided with a pressing plate 51. The pressing plate 51 covers the outer wall of the dirt-proof cover 412. The pressing plate 51 can automatically rotate. When the dirt-proof cover 412 needs to be locked, rotate the pressing plate 51 to press it. When unlocking, rotate the pressing plate 51 away from the dirt-proof cover 412. The structure is simple and practical. The shell 41 is provided with a transparent observation window 6. The observation window 6 is marked with scale lines along the sliding direction of the counterweight 43. The arrangement of the observation window 6 facilitates the operator to observe the running status of the internal structure. The scale can effectively evaluate the relaxation degree of the metal wire 2, which is convenient for subsequent operation. The top wall of the counterweight 43 is provided with a pair of pulling rods 7 extending outward. The pulling rods 7 pass through the wire slot 413. The end of the pulling rod 7 is connected with a pulling plate 71. The pulling plate 71 cooperates with the pulling rod 7 to effectively pull the counterweight 43.The operator can conveniently reset the counterweight 43. A liquid replacement hole 81 is formed in the bottom wall of the shell 41 and communicates with the sliding groove 42. The liquid replacement hole 81 is provided with a rubber leakage-proof plug 8. The rubber leakage-proof plug 8 facilitates the replacement of the buffer oil and the cleaning of the internal structure. When the above operation is needed, the rubber leakage-proof plug 8 is twisted to open the liquid replacement hole 81.

[0041] It should be noted that the relational terms herein such as first and second and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will still be able to make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wire-cutting electric discharge machine with an automatic constant tensioning mechanism, comprising a machine body (1), characterized in that: A wire storage drum (11) is installed inside the machine tool body (1), and a plurality of lengths of metal wire (2) are wound around the outer wall of the wire storage drum (11). A tensioning mechanism (3) and a wire holding device (4) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the machine tool body (1). The metal wire (2) passes through the wire holding device (4) and the tensioning mechanism (3) in sequence and is inserted into the interior of the machine tool body (1). The tensioning mechanism (3) includes a shell (41). A sliding groove (42) is provided on the top wall of the shell (41) along the direction of gravity. The sliding groove (42) is fitted on the inner wall to cooperate with the sliding arrangement. There is a counterweight block (43), the top wall of the counterweight block (43) is fixedly provided with a pair of mounting plates (431), and rolling wheels (432) are rotatably installed between the mounting plates (431). The outer wall of the machine tool body (1) is fixedly provided with a first guide wheel (433) and a second guide wheel (434), and the first guide wheel (433) and the second guide wheel (434) are installed at intervals on both sides of the notch of the sliding groove (42). The metal wire (2) passes through the first guide wheel (433), the rolling wheel (432) and the second guide wheel (434) in sequence. The outer wall of the counterweight (43) is provided with a plurality of engaging ridges (44), the bottom edge of the engaging ridges (44) is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the counterweight (43), the cross section of the engaging ridges (44) is a barbed triangle, the interior of the sliding groove (42) is provided with a locking groove (411) that matches the engaging ridges (44), the engaging ridges (44) include a metal frame (441), the metal frame (441) is installed on the outer wall of the counterweight (43), the metal frame (441) is wrapped with a rubber protective layer (442), the counterweight (43) is under the action of gravity The metal wire (2) is automatically tightened when it falls, and the counterweight (43) falls freely so that the engaging ridge (44) engages with the locking groove (411). Since the cross section of the engaging ridge (44) is a barbed triangle and the counterweight (43) itself has a large mass, the counterweight (43) can overcome the friction between the engaging ridge (44) and the locking groove (411) and continue to fall, thereby tensioning the metal wire (2). When the metal wire (2) hits an obstacle and collapses during the cutting operation, the barbed structure of the engaging ridge (44) is deeply embedded in the locking groove (411) to lock it, thereby preventing the metal wire (2) from being pulled.

2. The wire-cut electric discharge machine with an automatic constant tensioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the counterweight block (43) is provided with a receiving groove (45) for the engaging ridge (44) to be rotatably engaged and placed, and the notch and groove bottom of the sliding groove (42) are provided with a turning cavity (46) for the engaging ridge (44) to turn over.

3. The wire-cut electric discharge machine with an automatic constant tensioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A wire groove (435) is provided around the first guide wheel (433), the rolling wheel (432) and the second guide wheel (434), and the cross section of the wire groove (435) is open.

4. The wire-cut electric discharge machine with an automatic constant tensioning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A quantitative buffer oil is contained in the shell (41), an oil hole (47) is provided through the counterweight (43) for the buffer oil to enter and exit, a guide protrusion is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the counterweight (43) along the sliding direction, and a guide groove (48) is provided on the outer wall of the machine tool body (1) to match the guide protrusion.

5. The wire-cut electric discharge machine with an automatic constant tensioning mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pair of engaging columns (5) are provided extending from the outer wall of the machine tool body (1), and the engaging columns (5) are provided at intervals from the notch of the sliding groove (42). A dirt prevention cover (412) is provided on a side of the engaging column (5) close to the sliding groove (42) to cover the notch of the sliding groove (42). A wire groove (413) for freely moving the metal wire (2) is provided through the outer wall of the dirt prevention cover (412), and the cross section of the wire groove (413) is open.

6. The wire-cut electric discharge machine with an automatic constant tensioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pressing plate (51) is rotatably provided at the end of the locking column (5), and the pressing plate (51) covers the outer wall of the anti-fouling cover (412).

7. The wire-cut electric discharge machine with an automatic constant tensioning mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: A transparent observation window (6) is provided through the housing (41), and the observation window (6) is marked with scale lines distributed along the sliding direction of the counterweight (43).

8. The wire-cut electric discharge machine with an automatic constant tensioning mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pair of pulling rods (7) are extended from the top wall of the counterweight block (43), and the pulling rods (7) are arranged through the wire groove (413). The ends of the pulling rods (7) are connected to a pulling plate (71).

9. The wire-cut electric discharge machine with an automatic constant tensioning mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the housing (41) is penetrated by a fluid exchange hole (81) communicating with the sliding groove (42), and the fluid exchange hole (81) is threadedly matched with a rubber anti-leakage plug (8).

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