Processing tool

Abstract

The present application provides a simple structure, can be disassembled and attached tool holder, and can make the tool relative to the handle along the axial sliding processing tool. The tool (5) can be disassembled and attached processing tool (10) has: main body (11); the main shaft (16) with tool holder holding hole (16m) and first rotation stop body holding hole (17); cover (23) with pressing surface (24) and avoiding part (26); tool holder (35) with first rotation stop groove (37), tool holding hole (35b), and first elastic body holding hole (35a) configured in the form of opening at the base end, and can be disassembled and attached to the tool holder holding hole (16m) inside; between the first rotation stop groove (37) and the pressing surface (24), when the cover (23) is located in the disassembly position (3), the tool holder (35) is pulled out from the tool holder holding hole (16m), the rotation stop body (19) accommodated in the avoiding part (26); and the elastic body (38) pushes the tool holder (35) to the front end direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a processing tool. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional deburring tools have been proposed that allow adjustment of the pressing force of the tool on the workpiece (e.g., Japanese Patent No. 6025580). These conventional deburring tools include a lever, a tool guide unit, a spring member, and an initial length adjustment unit. The lever is axially movable and inserted into a shank. The tool guide unit guides a tool holding unit to move axially relative to the lever and rotates integrally in the rotational direction. The spring member applies force to the tool holding unit relative to the lever in the direction of pressing against the workpiece. The initial length adjustment unit adjusts the pressing force generated by the spring member by adjusting the initial length of the spring member. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a processing tool with a simple structure, capable of mounting and dismounting tool supports, and capable of allowing the tool to slide axially relative to the main body.

[0004] One aspect of the present invention is a processing tool capable of loading and unloading tools, comprising:

[0005] main body;

[0006] A main shaft, rotatably supported on the body, and having:

[0007] A tool holder retaining hole having an opening in the front end direction and extending along the main shaft; and

[0008] The first anti-rotation retaining hole extends radially through the main shaft;

[0009] A cover, disposed at the front end of the spindle and reciprocating along the spindle between a machining position and a loading / unloading position, the cover having:

[0010] A pressing surface, wherein the pressing surface covers the first anti-rotation retaining hole at the processing position; and

[0011] A clearance portion is disposed on the inner side of the cover and recessed radially outward;

[0012] A tool holder, detachably insertable into a tool holder retaining hole, and having:

[0013] A first anti-rotation groove is formed on the outer periphery of the tool holder;

[0014] A tool holding hole, the tool holding hole being disposed at the front end of the tool holder, into which the tool is detachably inserted; and

[0015] A first elastomeric retaining hole is configured to open at the base end of the tool holder;

[0016] An anti-rotation body, which, when the cover is in the processing position, is supported in a first anti-rotation body retaining hole and moves between the first anti-rotation groove and the pressing surface, and is accommodated in the clearance portion when the cover is in the loading / unloading position and the tool holder is pulled out from the tool holder retaining hole; and

[0017] An elastomer is disposed between the first elastomer retaining hole and the tool holder retaining hole, and applies force to the tool holder in the forward direction.

[0018] Processing tools include deburring tools, hole punching tools, thread cutting tools, and brushes. Deburring tools are mounted on machining machines to remove burrs adhering to workpieces. Machining machines include lathes, turning centers, and robots.

[0019] For ease of explanation, the side on which the blade or brush is mounted is called the front end side, and the opposite side is called the base end side.

[0020] The pressurized air inlet can also be connected to the tool holder retaining hole. Preferably, the tool holder has an airflow path connecting the tool holder retaining hole and the tool retaining hole. The airflow path can have an outlet disposed around the tool holder retaining hole. The tool holder can have a collet for holding the tool. The airflow path can also be disposed inside the collet. The pressurized air is, for example, compressed air supplied from the factory. The pressurized air may also contain a mist of lubricating oil or rust-preventive oil.

[0021] The cover may have an umbrella-shaped portion that covers the front end of the main shaft. An expansion chamber may be disposed in the umbrella-shaped portion. The cover may have a shaft portion. A seal may be used to seal the gap between the shaft portion of the cover and the main shaft.

[0022] The spindle may also have a second elastomeric retaining hole configured within the tool holder retaining hole and retaining the elastomeric body.

[0023] One or more first anti-rotation grooves can also be configured. Multiple first anti-rotation grooves are configured in a rotationally symmetrical manner relative to the spindle. The first anti-rotation grooves can extend parallel to the spindle. The first anti-rotation grooves can also be helical, twisting in the direction of spindle rotation as the spindle moves forward.

[0024] One or more second anti-rotation grooves may also be configured. The multiple second anti-rotation grooves are configured in a rotationally symmetrical manner relative to the main shaft. Preferably, the second anti-rotation grooves extend parallel to the main shaft. The second anti-rotation grooves may also be helical in shape, twisting about the main shaft as they advance towards the front end.

[0025] To achieve rotational balance, balancing holes can be configured on the spindle, for example. The balancing holes are appropriately combined with a first anti-rotation groove and a second anti-rotation groove.

[0026] The first anti-rotation part prevents the first anti-rotation part from falling into the tool holder retaining hole.

[0027] The spindle may also have a second anti-detachment part in the second anti-rotation body retaining hole. The second anti-detachment part prevents the second anti-rotation body from falling into the tool holder retaining hole.

[0028] For example, the motor can be an electric motor or a pneumatic motor. When the motor is a pneumatic motor, a pressurized air inlet can be connected to it. The processing tool can have an exhaust port. The pneumatic motor and the exhaust port can be configured in combination. Compressed air introduced through the pressurized air inlet causes the pneumatic motor to rotate. Exhaust from the pneumatic motor can be discharged through the gap between the housing and the main body. Furthermore, exhaust from the pneumatic motor can also be discharged through the exhaust port of the tool holder retaining hole. In addition, when the processing tool has a pneumatic motor and an exhaust port, most of the exhaust from the pneumatic motor can be discharged through the exhaust port.

[0029] When the motor is an electric motor, pressurized air can be used instead of mist, and dry air can be used instead. Alternatively, the pressurized air can contain both mist and dry air. In this case, the mist can be supplied to the main bearing or tool holder retaining hole, while the dry air cools the electric motor and is discharged from the exhaust port.

[0030] The spindle may also have a first sealing groove. The first sealing groove is disposed on the outer surface of the spindle. The first sealing groove is a circumferential groove.

[0031] The cover may have a second sealing groove. The cover may also have a shaft portion. The shaft portion is a hollow, straight cylinder. The shaft portion is inserted into the gap between the spindle and the body. The second sealing groove is disposed on the inner surface of the cover. The second sealing groove is a circumferential groove. The second sealing groove may also be disposed on the shaft portion of the cover. When the cover is in the machining position, the second sealing groove is axially aligned with the first sealing groove. At this time, the first and second sealing grooves integrally form an annular sealing groove. The seal is installed in the first sealing groove. When the second sealing groove is configured, the seal is installed between the first and second sealing grooves.

[0032] Preferably, the anti-rotation retaining surface passes through the center of the anti-rotation body and is inclined relative to a line orthogonal to the shaft.

[0033] Preferably, the anti-rotation retaining surface is a cylindrical surface. Preferably, the central axis of the anti-rotation retaining hole does not pass through the central axis of the main shaft. That is, the central axis of the anti-rotation retaining hole is located in a position torsional relative to the central axis of the main shaft.

[0034] Preferably, the anti-rotation retaining surface is inclined in the circumferential direction of the processing tool relative to a line orthogonal to the shank shaft, passing through the center of the anti-rotation body.

[0035] Preferably, when the anti-rotation body is in contact with the pressing surface and anti-rotation groove of the cover, the center of the anti-rotation body is located at the anti-rotation body retaining hole.

[0036] For example, the anti-rotation element is a ball bearing. The anti-rotation element can also be a pin.

[0037] The anti-rotation groove extends parallel to the shank. The anti-rotation groove can also be a spiral shape that advances towards the base end in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the deburring tool.

[0038] The processing tool according to the present invention has a simple structure, is capable of mounting and dismounting the tool support, and allows the tool to slide axially relative to the main body. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the processing tool in Implementation Method 1 during processing.

[0040] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view along line II-II.

[0041] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of Part III.

[0042] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view along line IV-IV.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the processing tool in Implementation Method 1 during tool loading and unloading.

[0044] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Sectional view along line VI-VI.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the processing tool in Implementation Method 2.

[0046] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged cross-sectional view of line VIII-VIII.

[0047] Symbol Explanation

[0048] 5 tools

[0049] 10, 100 processing tools

[0050] 11 main bodies

[0051] 16 and 116 spindles

[0052] 17 First ball bearing retaining hole (first anti-rotation body retaining hole)

[0053] 19. First ball bearing (first anti-rotation body)

[0054] 23, 123 masks

[0055] 24, 124 pressing surfaces

[0056] 26, 126 Avoidance Section

[0057] 35 Tool Holder

[0058] 38 Helical Spring (Elastomer) Detailed Implementation

[0059] <Implementation Method 1>

[0060] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the processing tool 10 of this embodiment includes a main body 11, a main bearing 15, a main shaft 16, a helical spring (elastic body) 38, a cover 23, a tool holder 35, and a first ball bearing (first anti-rotation body) 19. The processing tool 10 may also include a motor 13, a second ball bearing (second anti-rotation body) 29, a seal 20, a retaining ring 31, an inlet port (pressurized air inlet) 39, and an outlet port (exhaust port) 40. The tool 5 is mounted on the tool holder 35.

[0061] Figure 1 Based on Figure 2 A sectional view of the II combination line. For ease of explanation, Figure 1 The downward direction is called the front end, and the upward direction is called the base end.

[0062] The main body 11 is a hollow, straight cylindrical shape with a central shaft 9. The main body 11 serves as the housing for the motor 13 or the spindle 16. Additionally, the main body 11 acts as the handle for the processing tool 10. For example, the robot 2 holds the main body 11 and moves it, bringing the tool 5 into contact with the workpiece 4 while deburring the workpiece 4. An inlet port 39 is located at the base end of the main body 11. An outlet port 40 is also located at the base end of the main body 11.

[0063] Motor 13 is a pneumatic motor. Motor 13 has a bearing 13c, a stator 13b, a rotor 13a, and an output shaft 13d. For example, motor 13 is embedded in the base end of body 11. Bearing 13c is disposed on body 11 and supports rotor 13a. Rotor 13a is fastened to output shaft 13d and rotates integrally with output shaft 13d. Output shaft 13d is, for example, a sawtooth shaft. Stator 13b is embedded in body 11. Stator 13b is connected to inlet port 39 or outlet port 40.

[0064] Alternatively, motor 13 can also be an electric motor. In this case, outlet port 40 can be omitted. Inlet port 39 can also be connected to the front end of motor 13.

[0065] Alternatively, the motor 13 can be detachably mounted on the outside of the main body 11.

[0066] The spindle 16 is supported inside the body 11 via the main bearing 15. The spindle 16 is a straight cylindrical shape and is arranged around the central shaft 9. The spindle 16 has a tool holder retaining hole 16m and a plurality of (two in this embodiment) first ball retaining holes (first anti-rotation retaining holes) 17. The spindle 16 may also have a serrated hole 16a, a connecting hole 16b, a plurality of (two in this embodiment) second ball retaining holes (second anti-rotation retaining holes) 27, a second spring retaining hole 16k, a first seal groove 16d, a first retaining ring groove 16e, a second retaining ring groove 16f, and a narrow diameter portion 16n.

[0067] The tool holder retaining hole 16m opens at the front end of the spindle 16 and is centered on the central shaft 9. The tool holder retaining hole 16m is a bottomed straight cylindrical hole. The cylindrical surface of the tool holder retaining hole 16m is smoothly formed. The second spring retaining hole 16k is a bottomed straight cylindrical hole located at the bottom of the tool holder retaining hole 16m.

[0068] A serrated hole 16a is positioned at the base end of the main shaft 16, centered on the central shaft 9. The serrated hole 16a is fastened to the output shaft 13d. A connecting hole 16b extends, for example, along the central shaft 9 and connects the serrated hole 16a and the tool holder retaining hole 16m. The connecting hole 16b may also connect to the second spring retaining hole 16k.

[0069] A narrow diameter portion 16n is disposed at the front end of the main shaft 16. The narrow diameter portion 16n has an outer diameter smaller than that of the central portion. The radius of the outer surface of the narrow diameter portion 16n is substantially equal to the distance from the central shaft 9 to the outermost surface of the first ball 19.

[0070] The second retaining ring groove 16f, the first retaining ring groove 16e, and the first sealing groove 16d are sequentially arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the main shaft 16 from the front end of the main shaft 16. The second retaining ring groove 16f, the first retaining ring groove 16e, and the first sealing groove 16d are circumferential grooves with a square cross-section. Preferably, the second retaining ring groove 16f has an inclined portion whose diameter gradually increases towards the base end side.

[0071] The first ball retaining hole 17 is disposed at the front end of the spindle 16. The first ball retaining hole 17 is axially disposed on the base end side of the first retaining ring groove 16e. Preferably, the first ball retaining hole 17 is axially disposed on the base end side of the first sealing groove 16d. The first ball retaining hole 17 extends from the outer surface of the spindle 16 through the tool holder retaining hole 16m.

[0072] The second ball retaining hole 27 is disposed on the outer surface of the front end of the spindle 16. The second ball retaining hole 27 is axially positioned closer to the base end than the first retaining ring groove 16e. Preferably, the second ball retaining hole 27 is axially positioned closer to the base end than the first sealing groove 16d. The second ball retaining hole 27 extends radially along the spindle 16. Preferably, the second ball retaining hole 27 has a second ball anti-dislodgement portion (second anti-rotation body anti-dislodgement portion) 27a. When the tool holder 35 is removed, the second ball anti-dislodgement portion 27a prevents the second ball 29 from falling into the interior of the tool holder retaining hole 16m. The second ball retaining hole 27 may also extend through the spindle 16.

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, the first ball retaining hole 17 has a ball retaining surface (first anti-rotation body retaining surface) 17a, a first ball anti-dislodgement part 17b, a central shaft 17c, and a retaining spherical surface 17d. The first ball retaining hole 17 is a straight cylindrical hole and is inclined from the radial direction toward the circumferential direction. The first ball retaining hole 17 extends in the cross-section of the main shaft 16. The central shaft 17c of the first ball retaining hole 17 is located in a position torsionally opposite to the central shaft 9. That is, the central shaft 17c does not intersect with the central shaft 9.

[0074] The ball retaining surface (first anti-rotation body retaining surface) 17a is the cylindrical surface of the first ball retaining hole 17. The diameter of the ball retaining surface 17a is substantially equal to the diameter of the first ball 19. The first ball anti-dislodgement part 17b is disposed inside the first ball retaining hole 17 in the radial direction and has a retaining spherical surface 17d. The retaining spherical surface 17d intersects the cylindrical surface of the tool holder retaining hole 16m. The diameter of the retaining spherical surface 17d is equal to the diameter of the ball retaining surface 17a. The plurality of first ball retaining holes 17 are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner with respect to the central axis 9.

[0075] The first ball bearing 19 remains inside the first ball bearing retaining hole 17. When the cover 23 is in the machining position 1, viewed from the central axis 9, the outermost surface of the first ball bearing 19 is in contact with the pressing surface 24. Furthermore, the first ball bearing 19 abuts against the retaining spherical surface 17d. At this time, a portion of the first ball bearing 19 protrudes inward in the radial direction of the tool holder retaining hole 16m. Preferably, approximately 10% to 40% of the radius of the first ball bearing 19 protrudes from the inner surface of the tool holder retaining hole 16m.

[0076] Alternatively, a pin extending along the central axis 17c of the first ball retaining hole 17 can be used instead of the first ball 19. The front end face of the first anti-rotation body 19, which serves as the pin, can also be a plane instead of a spherical surface.

[0077] The second ball 29 is held inside the second ball retaining hole 27. The second ball 29 is housed between the second ball groove 25 and the second ball retaining hole 27.

[0078] Alternatively, a radially extending pin can be used instead of the second ball bearing 29. The front end face of the second anti-rotation body 29, which serves as the pin, can also be a plane instead of a spherical surface.

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, the cover 23 has a clearance portion 26. The cover 23 may also have an umbrella portion 23a, a shaft portion 23b, a second ball groove (second anti-rotation groove) 25, and a second sealing groove 23c.

[0080] The umbrella portion 23a covers the front end of the main body 11. The shaft portion 23b is disposed at the base end of the umbrella portion 23a. The clearance portion 26 is disposed at the base end of the cover 23. The shaft portion 23b is a hollow straight cylinder. The inner surface of the shaft portion 23b is a pressing surface 24. The diameter of the pressing surface 24 is substantially equal to the diameter of the narrow diameter portion 16n. When the cover 23 is in the machining position 1, the first ball 19 abuts against the pressing surface 24.

[0081] For example, the clearance portion 26 is a circumferential groove with a trapezoidal cross-section. In other words, in the clearance portion 26, the inner diameter of the shaft portion 23b is enlarged. The clearance portion 26 may also have an opening on the base end face of the cover 23. The clearance portion 26 is disposed on the base end side of the pressing surface 24.

[0082] The second ball groove 25 extends parallel to the main shaft 16. For example, the cross-section of the second ball groove 25 is semi-circular. The second ball groove 25 is arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner with respect to the central axis 9.

[0083] The second sealing groove 23c is disposed inside the shaft portion 23b. When the cover 23 is in machining position 1, the second sealing groove 23c is aligned axially with the first sealing groove 16d. For example, the groove depth of the second sealing groove 23c is smaller than the groove depth of the first sealing groove 16d.

[0084] Alternatively, the second ball groove 25 can also be a spiral shape that twists as it moves toward the front end.

[0085] like Figure 3 As shown, the cover 23 may have an expansion chamber 21a. The expansion chamber 21a is a circumferential groove with a rectangular cross-section that opens at the base end face of the cover 23. The expansion chamber 21a has a smooth inner circumferential cylindrical surface 21b.

[0086] The main body 11 may have a throttling vane 21c. The throttling vane 21c is a hollow cylinder with a rectangular cross-section disposed at the front end of the main body 11. The throttling vane 21c protrudes radially outward from the main body 11. The throttling vane 21c has a smooth outer circumferential cylindrical surface 21d. When the cover 23 is in the machining position 1, the throttling vane 21c is inserted into the interior of the expansion chamber 21a. At this time, the outer circumferential cylindrical surface 21d and the inner circumferential cylindrical surface 21b are separated by a small gap 21e and face each other. The front end face of the throttling vane 21c and the bottom surface of the expansion chamber 21a have a gap that is sufficiently large than the gap 21e. The throttling vane 21c and the expansion chamber 21a form an axial labyrinth seal. Pressurized air expands in the expansion chamber 21a and is discharged through the small gap 21e. As a result, fluid turbulence is generated in the expansion chamber 21a, thereby increasing the discharge velocity. Moreover, the ingress of foreign matter, steam, or moisture from the gap between the cover 23 and the main body 11 is suppressed.

[0087] The tool holder 35 has a first spring retaining hole 35a, a tool retaining hole 35b, an outer cylindrical surface 35c, and a first ball groove (first anti-rotation groove) 37. The tool holder 35 is a straight cylindrical shape. The outer cylindrical surface 35c slides in the tool holder retaining hole 16m. The tool holder 35 may also have a tapered hole 35d and a chuck 35e.

[0088] The first ball groove 37 is disposed on the outer cylindrical surface 35c and extends along the main shaft 16. The cross-section of the first ball groove 37 is semi-circular. The two ends 37a of the first ball groove 37 (refer to...) Figure 5 For example, it is hemispherical. Multiple first ball grooves 37 are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner with respect to the central axis 9.

[0089] The first spring retaining hole 35a opens at the base end face of the tool holder 35 and extends along the central axis 9. The first spring retaining hole 35a is a cylindrical hole. The inner diameter of the first spring retaining hole 35a is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the helical spring 38.

[0090] The tool holding hole 35b opens on the front end face of the tool holder 35 and extends along the central axis 9. The tool holding hole 35b has the same diameter as the shank diameter of the tool 5. For example, the tool holding hole 35b is a cylindrical hole. A tool 5 with a straight shank is mounted in the tool holding hole 35b.

[0091] The tapered hole 35d is a frustoconical hole extending along the central axis 9. For example, the tapered hole 35d has an internal thread at its base. The collet 35e is frustoconical and fits into the tapered hole 35d. The collet 35e, for example, has a groove or external thread, and is fastened to the tapered hole 35d. This reduces the inner diameter of the collet 35e, thus securing the tool 5 securely.

[0092] Alternatively, the first ball groove 37 can also be a spiral that twists in the rotational direction of the main shaft 16 as it moves towards the front end. For example, the lead angle of the spiral is 60 to 80 degrees.

[0093] like Figure 4 As shown, the tool holder 35 may also have an airflow path 35f. For example, the airflow path 35f may also be a groove in the chuck 35e. The airflow path 35f opens at the front end of the tool holder 35 and connects to the tool holder holding hole 16m. Pressurized air is injected from the front end of the tool holder 35 toward the tool 5 to cool the tool 5. In addition, the pressurized air is discharged from the gap between the tool holder holding hole 16m and the outer cylindrical surface 35c of the tool holder 35. This prevents foreign objects, steam, or moisture from entering the tool holder holding hole 16m.

[0094] The helical spring 38 is a compression helical spring. Alternatively, an elastic spring such as a three-dimensional spring structure can be used instead of the helical spring 38. The helical spring 38 applies a force to the tool holder 35 in the forward direction. The helical spring 38 is guided by either the first spring retaining hole 35a or the second spring retaining hole 16k.

[0095] Seal 20 is an annular seal such as an O-ring. Seal 20 seals the gap between spindle 16 and cover 23.

[0096] The retaining ring 31 is a circular ring. For example, the retaining ring 31 is a partially cut metal ring. For example, the retaining ring 31 is a concentric retaining ring. The retaining ring 31 is installed in either the first retaining ring groove 16e or the second retaining ring groove 16f. The retaining ring 31 installed in the first retaining ring groove 16e holds the cover 23 in the machining position 1. The retaining ring 31 prevents the cover 23 from accidentally moving to the loading / unloading position 3, or prevents the cover 23 from falling off the spindle 16.

[0097] When the motor 13 rotates, the rotation of the output shaft 13d is transmitted to the spindle 16 via the serrated hole 16a. Then, the rotation of the spindle 16 is transmitted to the tool holder 35 via the first ball 19 held in the first ball retaining hole 17 and the first ball groove 37. Additionally, the rotation of the spindle 16 is transmitted to the cover 23 via the second ball 29 held in the second ball retaining hole 27 and the second ball groove 25. Furthermore, the spindle 16, tool holder 35, tool 5, and cover 23 rotate as a unit.

[0098] Robot 2 moves the processing tool 10, pressing the tool 5 against the workpiece 4. When the tool 5 contacts the workpiece 4, it receives a pushing force from the workpiece 4. Consequently, the first ball 19 moves relative to the workpiece 4 within the first ball groove 37, and the tool holder 35 moves towards its base end. The tool holder 35 reaches a position where the pushing force received from the workpiece 4 and the restoring force of the coil spring 38 are balanced. The workpiece 4 has machining or manufacturing errors, and the position or height of burrs or other removed materials varies. Even when the position of the removed materials on the workpiece 4 differs, the processing tool 10 automatically adjusts the positional relationship between the tool 5 and the removed materials on the workpiece 4 by extending and retracting the tool holder 35. Thus, the workpiece 4 can be finished substantially identically. Furthermore, even when there are variations in the size of the removed materials on the workpiece 4 or the height of the surface of the workpiece 4, the trajectory of the tool 5 can follow the size of the removed materials or the height of the surface of the workpiece 4.

[0099] Reference Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The processing tool 10 in the loaded and unloaded state of the tool holder 35 will be described. Figure 5 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the VV lines.

[0100] The operator or robot 2 moves the retaining ring 31 to the second retaining ring groove 16f. Then, the operator or robot 2 moves the cover 23 from the processing position 1 toward the front end. At this time, the cover 23 abuts against the retaining ring 31 and stops at the loading / unloading position 3.

[0101] The second ball groove 25 extends parallel to the main shaft 16. Therefore, the second ball 29, which is held in the second ball holding hole 27, is guided by the second ball groove 25, and the cover 23 moves along the main shaft 16 toward the front end without rotation.

[0102] The tool holder 35 is forced forward by a helical spring 38. The end 37a of the first ball groove 37 is spherical, and its longitudinal section is inclined from the central axis 9. Therefore, when the tool holder 35 is pushed out, the first ball 19 experiences a component of the elastic force from the end 37a toward the radially outward direction of the helical spring 38. When the cover 23 is in the loading / unloading position 3, the clearance portion 26 is located on the extension line of the first ball retaining hole 17. Therefore, as... Figure 6 As shown, the first ball 19 moves radially outward along the first ball retaining hole 17 and is housed within the clearance portion 26. At this time, the first ball 19 moves outward toward the cylindrical surface of the tool holder retaining hole 16m, disengaging from the first ball groove 37. The helical spring 38 continues to exert force on the tool holder 35 in the forward direction, causing the tool holder 35 to fly out from the spindle 16.

[0103] The first ball retaining hole 17 has a first ball anti-dislodgement part 17b. Therefore, even if the tool holder 35 is removed from the spindle 16, the first ball 19 will not fall into the tool holder retaining hole 16m.

[0104] The second ball retaining hole 27 has a second ball anti-dislodgement part 27a. Therefore, even if the tool holder 35 is removed from the spindle 16, the second ball 29 will not fall into the tool holder retaining hole 16m. Moreover, the rotation direction of the cover 23 is maintained by the second ball 29 and the second ball groove 25.

[0105] The operator or robot 2 inserts the helical spring 38 into the first spring retaining hole 35a and the tool holder 35 into the tool holder retaining hole 16m. When the rotational directions of the first ball groove 37 and the first ball 19 are in phase, the operator or robot 2 can move the cover 23 from the loading / unloading position 3 to the processing position 1. Then, when the cover 23 is in the processing position 1, the operator or robot 2 can move the retaining ring 31 into the first retaining ring groove 16e.

[0106] According to the processing tool 10 of this embodiment, the tool holder 35 can be easily removed from the spindle 16. Therefore, the tool 5 can be installed relative to the tool holder 35 or its length can be measured separately from the processing tool 10. Since the tool 5 can be replaced off-line, it can be replaced quickly, reducing production line downtime associated with tool 5 replacement.

[0107] Furthermore, the cover 23 and the main shaft 16 rotate as a unit via the second ball bearing 29. Therefore, wear on the cover 23 or the main shaft 16 caused by their relative rotation can be suppressed.

[0108] When the tool holder 35 is installed or removed, the retaining ring 31 moves to the second retaining ring groove 16f. Therefore, even if the operator forgets to move the retaining ring 31 to the first retaining ring groove 16e, the cover 23 can be prevented from falling off by installing the retaining ring 31 in the second retaining ring groove 16f.

[0109] The cover 23 is not subjected to any external force in the axial direction. Furthermore, when the spindle 16 rotates, the seal 20, under the action of centrifugal force, comes into close contact with the second seal groove 23c or the shaft portion 23b. Thus, the seal 20 inhibits movement of the cover 23 relative to the spindle 16. Therefore, even assuming the operator forgets to return the retaining ring 31 to the first retaining ring groove 16e, the tool holder 35 will not detach from the tool holder retaining hole 16m when the motor 13 rotates the spindle 16.

[0110] <Implementation Method 2>

[0111] like Figure 7 as well as Figure 8As shown, the processing tool 100 of this embodiment includes a main body 11, a motor 13, a main bearing 15, a main shaft 116, a cover 123, a first ball bearing 19, and a tool holder 35.

[0112] Figure 7 yes Figure 8 A sectional view combining lines VII-VII. In Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 In the image, the right half of the central axis 9 indicates that the cover 123 is in machining position 1. Additionally, in... Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 In the middle, the left half of the central axis 9 indicates that the cover 123 is in the loading / unloading position 3.

[0113] The spindle 116 has a narrow diameter portion 116n. The radius of the outer surface of the narrow diameter portion 116n is smaller than the distance from the central shaft 9 to the outermost surface of the first ball 19. Moreover, when the cover 123 is in the machining position 1, when viewed from the central shaft 9, the first ball 19 protrudes radially outward from the narrow diameter portion 116n.

[0114] The cover 123 has a pressing surface 124 and a clearance portion 126. The inner surface of the cover 123 slides on the narrow diameter portion 116n. The pressing surface 124 and the clearance portion 126 extend parallel to the main shaft 16. The pressing surface 124 and the clearance portion 126 form a continuous longitudinal groove. The pressing surface 124 and the clearance portion 126 have a generally semi-circular cross-section.

[0115] When the cover 123 is in processing position 1, the pressing surface 124 abuts against the first ball 19. For example... Figure 8 As shown, when the cover 123 is in processing position 1, the cross-section of the pressing surface 124 and the first ball groove 37 becomes a circle with substantially the same diameter as the first ball 19.

[0116] While moving the cover 123 from the machining position 1 to the loading / unloading position 3, the clearance part 126 moves the first ball 19 radially outward along the first ball holding hole 17. This causes the first ball 19 to move radially outward along the first ball holding hole 17, so that the distance between the surface of the first ball 19 and the central axis 9 has substantially the same shape as the trajectory of the first ball 19 up to the radius of the tool holder holding hole 16m. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the cross-section of the clearance portion 126 coincides with the cross-section of the first ball 19 when it escapes from the tool holder retaining hole 16m along the first ball retaining hole 17. Figure 7 As shown, the clearance portion 126 and the pressing surface 124 are smoothly connected.

[0117] The structure of the processing tool 100 other than those described above is substantially the same as that of the processing tool 10 in Embodiment 1.

[0118] When the operator or robot 2 moves the cover 123 from the processing position 1 to the loading / unloading position 3, the tool holder 35 is pushed out by the helical spring 38. Then, the first ball 19 escapes radially outward when viewed from the spindle 116 along the first ball holding hole 17 and is received in the clearance portion 126. Since the first ball 19 has moved to the outside of the tool holder holding hole 16m, the operator or robot 2 is able to load or unload the tool holder 35.

[0119] According to this embodiment, when the cover 123 moves from the processing position 1 to the loading / unloading position 3, the first ball 19 moves within a longitudinal groove that includes an integrally formed pressing surface 124 and a clearance portion 126. Therefore, the rotational phase of the cover 123 and the spindle 116 is not deviated by the first ball 19, the pressing surface 124, and the clearance portion 126. Thus, even without a second anti-rotation body, the phase between the spindle 116 and the cover 123 is maintained.

[0120] This invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of this invention, and all technical matters included in the technical concept described in the claims are subject to this invention. The above embodiments show preferred examples, but those skilled in the art can implement various alternatives, modifications, variations, or improvements based on the content disclosed in this specification, and these are included within the technical scope described in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A processing tool (10, 100), characterized in that, have: Main body (11); A main shaft (16, 116), which is rotatably supported on the main body (11), and has the following characteristics: A tool holder retaining hole (16m) has an opening in the front end direction and extends along the main shaft (16, 116); as well as The first anti-rotation body retaining hole (17) extends radially through the main shaft (16, 116). Tool holder (35), the tool holder (35) for mounting the tool (5), has a first anti-rotation groove (37) formed on the outer periphery, and can be detachably inserted into the tool holder retaining hole (16m); Anti-rotation body (19), the anti-rotation body (19) is supported in the first anti-rotation body retaining hole (17). A cover (23, 123) is disposed at the front end of the spindle (16, 116) and reciprocates along the spindle (16, 116) between a machining position (1) and a loading / unloading position (3). In the machining position (1), the cover (23, 123) causes the anti-rotation body (19) to protrude into the first anti-rotation groove (37). In the loading / unloading position (3), the anti-rotation body (19) is received in the first anti-rotation body retaining hole (17). An elastomer (38) is disposed between the tool holder (35) and the tool holder retaining hole (16m), applying force to the tool holder (35) in the forward direction. The spindle (16, 116) has a first sealing groove (16d). The cover (23, 123) has a second sealing groove (23c) on its inner surface and in the processing position (1), which is axially aligned with the first sealing groove (16d). The processing tool (10, 100) also has a seal (20), which is installed in the first seal groove (16d) and seals the gap between the main shaft (16, 116) and the cover (23, 123). When the processing tool (10, 100) rotates, the seal (20) is in close contact with the second seal groove (23c) under the action of centrifugal force.

2. A processing tool (10, 100), characterized in that, have: Main body (11); A main shaft (16, 116), which is rotatably supported on the main body (11), and has the following characteristics: A tool holder retaining hole (16m) has an opening in the front end direction and extends along the main shaft (16, 116); as well as The first anti-rotation body retaining hole (17) extends radially through the main shaft (16, 116). Tool holder (35), the tool holder (35) for mounting the tool (5), has a first anti-rotation groove (37) formed on the outer periphery, and can be detachably inserted into the tool holder retaining hole (16m); Anti-rotation body (19), the anti-rotation body (19) is supported in the first anti-rotation body retaining hole (17). A cover (23, 123) is disposed at the front end of the spindle (16, 116) and reciprocates along the spindle (16, 116) between a machining position (1) and a loading / unloading position (3). In the machining position (1), the cover (23, 123) causes the anti-rotation body (19) to protrude into the first anti-rotation groove (37). In the loading / unloading position (3), the anti-rotation body (19) is received in the first anti-rotation body retaining hole (17). An elastomer (38) is disposed between the tool holder (35) and the tool holder retaining hole (16m), applying force to the tool holder (35) in the forward direction. The cover (23, 123) has an annular groove, i.e. an expansion chamber (21a), which is open in the base direction and has an inner cylindrical surface (21b). The main body (11) has an annular throttling plate (21c) disposed in the front end direction and having an outer circumferential cylindrical surface (21d). When the cover (23) is in the processing position (1), the throttling plate (21c) is inserted into the expansion chamber (21a) and a gap (21e) is formed between the inner circumferential cylindrical surface (21b) and the outer circumferential cylindrical surface (21d).

3. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cover (23, 123) has: The pressing surfaces (24, 124) cover the first anti-rotation retaining hole (17) at the processing position (1); and The avoidance parts (26, 126) are disposed on the inner side of the cover (23, 123) and recessed radially outward. The anti-rotation body (19) is configured as follows: When the cover (23, 123) is in the processing position (1), it is inserted between the first anti-rotation body retaining hole (17) and the first anti-rotation groove (37); and When the cover (23, 123) is in the loading / unloading position (3) and the tool holder (35) is pulled out from the tool holder retaining hole (16m), it is accommodated in the clearance part (26, 126).

4. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main body (11) has a pressurized air inlet (39) for supplying pressurized air into the main body (11). Pressurized air entering from the pressurized air inlet (39) is discharged from the gap (21e).

5. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The main shaft (16, 116) has a first retaining ring groove (16e) disposed on the outer periphery of the front end. The processing tool (10, 100) also has a retaining ring (31) disposed in the first retaining ring groove (16e) and, when disposed in the first retaining ring groove (16e), holds the cover (23) in the processing position (1).

6. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main shaft (16, 116) has an outer periphery disposed at the front end and a second retaining ring groove (16f) disposed on the front end side of the first retaining ring groove (16e). The retaining ring (31) is movable between the first retaining ring groove (16e) and the second retaining ring groove (16f), and when positioned in the second retaining ring groove (16f), it holds the cover (23) in the loading / unloading position (3).

7. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first anti-rotation groove (37) extends parallel to the main shaft (16, 116).

8. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The spindle (16) has a second anti-rotation retaining hole (27) disposed on the outer periphery. The cover (23) has a second anti-rotation groove (25) on its inner circumferential surface arranged along the main axis (16). The processing tool (10, 100) also has a second anti-rotation body (29) supported in the second anti-rotation body retaining hole (27) and movable between the second anti-rotation body retaining hole (27) and the second anti-rotation groove (25).

9. The processing tool (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second anti-rotation groove (25) extends parallel to the main shaft (16).

10. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also has a motor (13) configured on the main body (11) and rotating the main shaft (16).

11. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The main shafts (16, 116) have: An anti-rotation body retaining surface (17a) holds the anti-rotation body (19) within the first anti-rotation body retaining hole (17); and Anti-rotation part (17b) is disposed on the anti-rotation holding surface (17a) and prevents the anti-rotation body (19) from falling off.

12. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 11, characterized in that, The anti-rotation part (17b) of the anti-rotation body has a retaining spherical surface (17d) along the anti-rotation body (19).

13. The processing tool (10, 100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The tool (5) can be loaded and unloaded on the tool holder (35).

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