Double-beam laser quenching-subzero tempering process for tooling of textile machinery

Abstract

The application provides a double-beam laser quenching-low-temperature tempering process method for a tool for a textile machine, which comprises the following steps: determining the size of a double-beam strip-shaped light spot according to the hardening processing width of the tool for the textile machine, configuring a double-beam laser quenching processing head so that the double-beam laser quenching processing head can output two double-beam strip-shaped light spots which are equal in energy and opposite in direction, then performing laser quenching, synchronously scanning two sides of the tool by using the two double-beam strip-shaped light spots, simultaneously blowing argon to the two sides, then performing low-temperature treatment, tempering treatment, surface shot blasting treatment and processing forming. The application provides a laser quenching post-treatment process method, that is, the tool after laser quenching is subjected to low-temperature + tempering treatment, which can significantly improve the uniformity of the hardness of the laser quenching layer, realize that the hardness value in the laser quenching layer is greater than or equal to 630HV, ensure that the fluctuation of the hardness value of the laser quenching layer is controlled within 60HV, and realize that the microstructure and hardness in the hardening layer of the tool tend to be consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heat treatment of textile cutting tools, specifically relating to a dual-beam laser quenching-deep cryogenic-tempering process for cutting tools used in textile machinery. Background Technology

[0002] To reduce labor intensity, improve fabric quality, and increase efficiency while reducing costs, the demand for textile machinery and its level of automation are increasing. Taking shearing machines in the textile industry as an example, the quality of the cutting tools directly affects the production efficiency and product quality of the shearing machine. Currently, shearing machine cutting tools typically require induction hardening treatment to improve their cutting performance and extend their service life.

[0003] Considering the problems of uneven hardness and poor applicability of induction hardening, researchers have proposed using laser hardening to strengthen the surface of cutting tools. For example, patent application ZL202010149426.9 proposes a laser hardening process for thin cutting edge blades, using a continuous laser to form a laser hardened layer with a thickness of 0.05~0.3mm at the cutting edge; patent application ZL201810330408.3 proposes a cutting edge treatment method, which uses laser hardening to strengthen high-carbon tool steel cutting edges, causing a hardened layer with a depth of 0.2~1mm to form on the cutting edge surface. However, the hardened layers obtained by the above patents are relatively shallow and have low hardness, and the two side cutting surfaces of the tool are not hardened. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a dual-beam laser quenching-deep cryogenic-tempering process for textile machinery cutting tools. This method utilizes a dual-beam, variable-spot laser beam to simultaneously scan both sides of the cutting tool, followed by deep cryogenic treatment and low-temperature tempering. This results in a hardened layer with a depth of 1.4~2.3 mm, a hardness value ≥630 HV within the hardened layer, and the fluctuation range of the hardness value at various locations within the hardened layer is controlled within 60 HV.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A dual-beam laser hardening-deep cryogenic-tempering process for cutting tools used in textile machinery, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] The size of the double-beam stripe spot is determined according to the hardening processing width of the cutting tool for textile machinery. The length of the double-beam stripe spot is the same as the length of the processing width, and the spot width is 0.2~4mm.

[0008] A dual-beam laser hardening head is configured to output two dual-beam strip-shaped light spots with equal energy and opposite directions. The size of the dual-beam strip-shaped light spots is the same as that described in step (1).

[0009] (3) Perform laser quenching, that is, use the two double beam stripe light spots output in step (2) to perform synchronous laser scanning on the two sides of the cutting tool for textile machinery, and blow argon gas to the two sides at the same time; the laser power is 900~2000W, the scanning rate is 3~15mm / s, and the number of scans is 1~10.

[0010] (4) Deep cryogenic treatment is performed on the laser-quenched cutting tools for textile machinery, and the deep cryogenic holding time is controlled at 60~180min;

[0011] (5) Temper the textile machinery cutting tools after cryogenic treatment. The tempering temperature is 140~260℃ and the tempering time is 30~120min.

[0012] (6) The tool is shot peened and shaped using stainless steel shot, with a shot peening speed of 51-95m / s, a shot diameter of 0.2-0.4mm, and a processing time of 30-180s.

[0013] Preferably, in step (1), the range of adjustment of the dual-beam stripe spot in the length direction is 10~30mm.

[0014] Preferably, the dual-beam laser hardening head includes a collimating lens, a first integrating lens, a beam splitter, a first reflecting mirror, an argon cylinder, a second integrating lens, and a second reflecting mirror; the beam splitter is located below the collimating lens, the first integrating lens and the first reflecting mirror are located on one side of the beam splitter, and the second integrating lens and the second reflecting mirror are located on the other side of the beam splitter.

[0015] A laser beam is incident vertically onto a collimating lens, where it is collimated into a vertically parallel beam. It is then incident vertically onto a beam splitter, which splits the vertically parallel beam into two horizontally parallel beams of equal energy and opposite directions. The first horizontally parallel beam is incident onto a first integrating mirror, where it is shaped into a stripe and then incident vertically onto a first reflecting mirror. After reflection, it exits horizontally and irradiates one side of the workpiece. The second horizontally parallel beam is incident onto a second integrating mirror, where it is shaped into a stripe and then incident vertically onto a second reflecting mirror. After reflection, it exits horizontally and irradiates the other side of the workpiece.

[0016] Preferably, the size of the dual-beam stripe is adjusted by replacing the first integrating mirror and the second integrating mirror.

[0017] Preferably, the laser quenching in step (3) is carried out in an argon atmosphere.

[0018] Preferably, the cooling medium for cryogenic treatment in step (4) is liquid nitrogen, and cryogenic treatment is carried out by immersion.

[0019] Preferably, after tempering and heat preservation in step (5), the tool is placed in an argon atmosphere for cooling.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) This invention utilizes a dual-beam strip-shaped variable spot for laser quenching. On the one hand, the laser beam is uniformly divided into two beams by a beam splitter and simultaneously applied to both sides of the cutting tool. This not only enables simultaneous laser quenching of both sides of the cutting tool to improve processing efficiency, but also solves the problems of high equipment cost and interference between the two laser heads caused by dual lasers. On the other hand, the strip-shaped variable spot can achieve non-overlapping scanning based on the processing area, thereby eliminating the tempering softening problem that exists during laser quenching. Moreover, this invention can obtain a hardened layer with a depth of 1.4~2.3mm through single / multiple scans of the dual-beam strip-shaped variable spot.

[0022] (2) The present invention proposes a laser quenching post-processing method, namely, deep cooling + tempering treatment is performed on the laser quenched tool, which will significantly improve the uniformity of the hardness of the laser quenched layer, achieve a hardness value ≥630HV in the laser quenched layer, ensure that the hardness value fluctuation of the laser quenched layer is controlled within 60HV, and realize that the microstructure and hardness in the hardened layer of the tool tend to be consistent. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-beam laser hardening head;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a hardness distribution diagram of the hardened layer after 900w-3mm / s-deep cryogenic treatment for 180min-tempering at 210℃ for 60min. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a dual-beam laser quenching head, including a collimating lens 1, a first integrating lens 2, a beam splitter 3, a first reflecting mirror 4, an argon cylinder 5, a second integrating lens 6, and a second reflecting mirror 7.

[0027] Beam splitter 3 is positioned below collimating mirror 1, first integrating mirror 2 and first reflecting mirror 4 are positioned on one side of beam splitter 3, and second integrating mirror 6 and second reflecting mirror 7 are positioned on the other side of beam splitter 3.

[0028] A laser beam is vertically incident on collimating lens 1, becoming vertically parallel light after collimation. It then becomes vertically incident on beam splitter 3, which splits the vertically parallel light into two horizontally parallel beams of equal energy and opposite directions. The first horizontally parallel beam is incident on first integrating mirror 2, shaped into a stripe-shaped spot, and then vertically incident on first reflecting mirror 4. After reflection by first reflecting mirror 4, it exits horizontally, irradiating one side of the workpiece surface. The second horizontally parallel beam is incident on second integrating mirror 6, shaped into a stripe-shaped spot, and then vertically incident on second reflecting mirror 7. After reflection by second reflecting mirror 7, it exits horizontally, irradiating the other side of the workpiece surface.

[0029] The dual-beam laser quenching-deep cryogenic-tempering process for textile machinery cutting tools based on the above-mentioned dual-beam laser quenching head includes the following steps:

[0030] The size of the dual-beam stripe spot is determined based on the hardening processing width of the cutting tool used in textile machinery. The length of the dual-beam stripe spot is the same as the length of the processing width, and the spot width is 0.2~4mm. Preferably, the length range of the dual-beam stripe spot is adjustable from 10 to 30mm.

[0031] A dual-beam laser hardening head is configured to output two dual-beam strip-shaped light spots with equal energy and opposite directions. The size of the dual-beam strip-shaped light spots is the same as that described in step (1). The size of the dual-beam strip-shaped light spots can be adjusted by replacing the first integrating mirror 2 and the second integrating mirror 6.

[0032] (3) Laser quenching is performed, that is, the two sides of the textile machinery cutting tool are simultaneously scanned using the two dual-beam strip-shaped light spots output in step (2), while the argon cylinder valve 5 is opened to blow air onto the two processed surfaces. The laser power is 900~2000W, the scanning rate is 3~15mm / s, and the number of scans is 1~10. Preferably, the laser quenching is carried out in an argon atmosphere to reduce the surface oxidation of the textile machinery cutting tool. Preferably, the number of scans of the dual-beam strip-shaped light spots is 1, and the depth of the hardened layer increases with the number of scans. When the required hardened layer depth is ≥1.8mm, the number of scans can be appropriately increased.

[0033] (4) Deep cryogenic treatment is performed on the laser-quenched cutting tools for textile machinery. The deep cryogenic holding time is controlled between 60 and 180 min. Preferably, the cooling medium for deep cryogenic treatment is liquid nitrogen, and deep cryogenic treatment is performed by immersion.

[0034] (5) The textile machinery cutting tools after cryogenic treatment are tempered. The tempering temperature is 140~260℃ and the tempering time is 30~120min. Preferably, after tempering, the cutting tools are cooled in an argon atmosphere.

[0035] (6) The tool is shot peened and shaped using stainless steel shot, with a shot peening speed of 51-95m / s, a shot diameter of 0.2-0.4mm, and a processing time of 30-180s.

[0036] After undergoing dual-beam laser quenching-deep cryogenic-tempering treatment, the hardened layer depth of textile machinery cutting tools reaches 1.4~2.3mm, with a hardness value ≥630HV at all locations within the hardened layer, and the fluctuation range of the hardness value is controlled within 60HV. After shot peening, the effect on the surface roughness of the material is typically within the range of Ra0.87~1.44μm.

[0037] Implementation Example 1:

[0038] This implementation example uses the above method to process cutting tools for textile machinery. The specific steps of the dual-beam laser hardening-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering process are as follows:

[0039] The required length of the hardened processing area for textile machinery cutting tools is 10mm, and the size of the dual-beam stripe spot is determined to be 10x4mm.

[0040] Configure a dual-beam laser hardening head and select a suitable integrating mirror so that it can output a dual-beam strip spot with a size of 10x4mm;

[0041] (3) Focus two dual-beam stripe spots onto the workpiece surface and start scanning both sides of the tool simultaneously. At the same time, open the gas valve to introduce protective gas and reduce oxidation. The laser power is 900W, the scanning speed is 3mm / s, and the number of scans is 1.

[0042] (4) After laser quenching, the workpiece is immersed in liquid nitrogen for 180 min of cryogenic holding time;

[0043] (5) After the cryogenic treatment is completed, the workpiece is placed in a heat treatment furnace for tempering. The tempering temperature is 210℃ and the tempering holding time is 60min.

[0044] (6) After heat treatment, use 0.2mm diameter stainless steel for shot peening at a speed of 51m / s for 30s.

[0045] Based on the above parameters, the workpiece is processed using a laser quenching-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering method. After tempering, the hardness and uniformity of the workpiece are tested, and the surface roughness of the workpiece after shot peening is also tested. Figure 2 As shown, the hardened layer depth of the textile cutting tool was measured to be 1.40 mm, the hardness at various locations within the hardened layer was 730-778 HV, the hardness fluctuation range was 58 HV, and the surface roughness of the workpiece was 0.97 μm.

[0046] Implementation Example 2:

[0047] This implementation example uses the above method to process cutting tools for textile machinery. The specific steps of the dual-beam laser hardening-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering process are as follows:

[0048] The required length of the hardened processing area for textile machinery cutting tools is 10mm, and the size of the dual-beam stripe spot is determined to be 10x3.5mm.

[0049] Configure a dual-beam laser hardening head and select a suitable integrating mirror so that it can output a dual-beam strip spot with a size of 10x3.5mm;

[0050] (3) Focus two dual-beam stripe spots onto the workpiece surface and start scanning both sides of the tool simultaneously. At the same time, open the gas valve to introduce protective gas and reduce oxidation. The laser power is 1200W, the scanning speed is 3mm / s, and the number of scans is 1.

[0051] (4) After laser quenching, the workpiece is immersed in liquid nitrogen for 60 minutes.

[0052] (5) After the cryogenic treatment is completed, the workpiece is placed in a heat treatment furnace for tempering. The tempering temperature is 260℃ and the tempering holding time is 120min.

[0053] (6) After heat treatment, use 0.4mm diameter stainless steel for shot peening at a speed of 95m / s for 60s.

[0054] Based on the above parameters, the workpiece was processed using a laser quenching-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering method. After tempering, the hardness distribution and depth of the hardened layer were measured, and the surface roughness of the workpiece after shot peening was also tested. Under these process parameters, the hardened layer depth of the textile cutting tool was measured to be 1.50 mm, the hardness at various locations within the hardened layer was 675-725 HV with a fluctuation range of 50 HV, and the surface roughness of the workpiece was 1.44 μm.

[0055] Implementation Example 3:

[0056] This implementation example uses the above method to process cutting tools for textile machinery. The specific steps of the dual-beam laser hardening-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering process are as follows:

[0057] The required length of the hardened processing area for textile machinery cutting tools is 10mm, and the size of the dual-beam stripe spot is determined to be 10x2mm.

[0058] Configure a dual-beam laser hardening head and select a suitable integrating mirror so that it can output a dual-beam strip spot with a size of 10x2mm;

[0059] (3) Focus two dual-beam stripe spots onto the workpiece surface and start scanning both sides of the tool simultaneously. At the same time, open the gas valve to introduce protective gas and reduce oxidation. The laser power is 1500W, the scanning speed is 5mm / s, and the number of scans is 1.

[0060] (4) After laser quenching, the workpiece is immersed in liquid nitrogen for 180 min of cryogenic holding time;

[0061] (5) After the cryogenic treatment is completed, the workpiece is placed in a heat treatment furnace for tempering. The tempering temperature is 140℃ and the tempering holding time is 30min.

[0062] (6) After heat treatment, use 0.2mm diameter stainless steel for shot peening at a speed of 60m / s for 120s.

[0063] Based on the above parameters, the workpiece was processed using a laser quenching-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering method. After tempering, the hardness distribution and depth of the hardened layer were measured, and the surface roughness of the workpiece after shot peening was also tested. Under these process parameters, the hardened layer depth of the textile cutting tool was measured to be 1.75 mm, the hardness at various locations within the hardened layer ranged from 757 to 817 HV, with a hardness fluctuation range of 60 HV, and the surface roughness of the workpiece was 0.87 μm.

[0064] Implementation Example 4:

[0065] This implementation example uses the above method to process cutting tools for textile machinery. The specific steps of the dual-beam laser hardening-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering process are as follows:

[0066] (1) The length requirement of the hardened processing width of the cutting tool for textile machinery is 20mm, and the size of the double beam strip spot is determined to be 20x2mm.

[0067] (2) Configure a dual-beam laser hardening head and select a suitable integrating mirror so that it can output a dual-beam strip spot with a size of 20x2mm;

[0068] (3) Focus two dual-beam stripe spots onto the workpiece surface and start scanning both sides of the tool simultaneously. At the same time, open the gas valve to introduce protective gas and reduce oxidation. The laser power is 1500W, the scanning speed is 5mm / s, and the number of scans is 3.

[0069] (4) After laser quenching, the workpiece is immersed in liquid nitrogen for 180 min of cryogenic holding time;

[0070] (5) After the cryogenic treatment is completed, the workpiece is placed in a heat treatment furnace for tempering. The tempering temperature is 160℃ and the tempering holding time is 60min.

[0071] (6) After heat treatment, use 0.2mm diameter stainless steel for shot peening at a speed of 60m / s for 90s.

[0072] Based on the above parameters, the workpiece was processed using a laser quenching-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering method. After tempering, the hardness and uniformity of the workpiece were tested, and the surface roughness of the workpiece after shot peening was also tested. The hardened layer depth of the textile tool was measured to be 1.90 mm, the hardness at various locations within the hardened layer was 760-810 HV with a hardness fluctuation range of 50 HV, and the surface roughness of the workpiece was 0.92 μm.

[0073] Implementation Example 5:

[0074] This implementation example uses the above method to process cutting tools for textile machinery. The specific steps of the dual-beam laser hardening-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering process are as follows:

[0075] The required length of the hardened processing area for the cutting tool used in textile machinery is 30mm, and the size of the dual-beam stripe spot is determined to be 30x0.2mm.

[0076] A dual-beam laser hardening head is configured, and a suitable integrating mirror is selected so that it can output a dual-beam stripe spot with a size of 30x0.2mm.

[0077] (3) Focus two dual-beam stripe spots onto the workpiece surface and start scanning both sides of the tool simultaneously. At the same time, open the gas valve to introduce protective gas and reduce oxidation. The laser power is 2000W, the scanning speed is 15mm / s, and the number of scans is 10.

[0078] (4) After laser quenching, the workpiece is immersed in liquid nitrogen for 180 min of cryogenic holding time;

[0079] (5) After the cryogenic treatment is completed, the workpiece is placed in a heat treatment furnace for tempering. The tempering temperature is 210℃ and the tempering holding time is 60min.

[0080] (6) After heat treatment, use 0.2mm diameter stainless steel for shot peening at a speed of 50m / s for 180s.

[0081] Based on the above parameters, the workpiece was processed using a laser quenching-deep cryogenic treatment-tempering method. After tempering, the hardness and uniformity of the workpiece were tested, and the surface roughness of the workpiece after shot peening was also tested. The hardened layer depth of the textile machinery tool was measured to be 2.3 mm, the hardness at various locations within the hardened layer was 755-802 HV, the hardness fluctuation range was 47 HV, and the surface roughness of the workpiece was 1.08 μm.

[0082] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be modified in various ways, and such modifications are not considered to depart from the scope of the invention. All such modifications that are obvious to those skilled in the art are included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A two-beam laser quenching-subzero tempering process method for a knife tool for textile machinery, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Determine the size of the double-beam strip spot according to the hardening processing width of the cutting tool for textile machinery. The length of the double-beam strip spot is the same as the length of the processing width, and the spot width is 0.2~4mm. (2) Configure a dual-beam laser quenching head so that it can output two dual-beam strip-shaped spots with equal energy and opposite directions, the size of the dual-beam strip-shaped spots being the same as the size described in step (1); (3) Perform laser quenching, that is, use the two double beam stripe light spots output in step (2) to perform synchronous laser scanning on the two sides of the cutting tool for textile machinery, and blow argon gas to the two sides at the same time; the laser power is 900~2000W, the scanning rate is 3~15mm / s, and the number of scans is 1~10. (4) Deep cryogenic treatment is performed on the laser-quenched cutting tools for textile machinery, and the deep cryogenic holding time is controlled at 60~180min; (5) Temper the textile machinery cutting tools after cryogenic treatment. The tempering temperature is 140~260℃ and the tempering time is 30~120min. (6) The tool is shot peened and shaped using stainless steel shot, with a shot peening speed of 51-95m / s, a shot diameter of 0.2-0.4mm, and a processing time of 30-180s.

2. Double beam laser quenching-subzero tempering process method of a knife for textile machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the range of adjustment of the dual-beam stripe spot in the length direction is 10~30mm.

3. Double beam laser quenching-subzero tempering process method of a knife for textile machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-beam laser quenching head includes a collimating lens, a first integrating lens, a beam splitter, a first reflecting mirror, an argon cylinder, a second integrating lens, and a second reflecting mirror. The beam splitter is located below the collimating lens, the first integrating lens and the first reflecting mirror are located on one side of the beam splitter, and the second integrating lens and the second reflecting mirror are located on the other side of the beam splitter. A laser beam is incident vertically onto a collimating lens, where it is collimated into a vertically parallel beam. It is then incident vertically onto a beam splitter, which splits the vertically parallel beam into two beams of equal energy and opposite directions, each traveling horizontally. The first horizontally parallel beam is incident onto a first integrating mirror, where it is shaped into a stripe and then incident vertically onto a first reflecting mirror. After reflection, the beam exits horizontally and irradiates one side of the workpiece. The second horizontal parallel beam is incident on the second integrating mirror, and after being shaped into a strip-shaped light spot by the second integrating mirror, it is incident vertically on the second reflecting mirror. After being reflected by the second reflecting mirror, it is emitted horizontally and irradiates the other side surface of the workpiece to be processed.

4. Double beam laser quenching-subzero tempering process method of a knife tool for textile machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The size of the dual-beam stripe is adjusted by replacing the first integrating mirror and the second integrating mirror.

5. The dual beam laser quenching-subzero tempering process method of a knife for textile machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), laser quenching is carried out in an argon atmosphere.

6. The dual-beam laser quenching-deep cryogenic-tempering process for textile machinery cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the cooling medium for cryogenic treatment is liquid nitrogen, and cryogenic treatment is carried out by immersion.

7. The dual beam laser quenching-subzero tempering process method of a knife tool for textile machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, After tempering and heat preservation in step (5), the tool is placed in an argon atmosphere for cooling.

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