Shallow slot type integral tramway turnout wear-resistant guard rail and processing method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of shallow slot type integral tramway turnout wear-resistant guard rail and processing method thereof, guard rail includes straight guard rail and curved guard rail, both guard rails adopt channel steel, wear-resistant strip is fixedly arranged on the rail lip plane of channel steel rail, the starting point of wear-resistant strip is 390-395mm from guard rail front end, the top surface of starting end and end of this wear-resistant strip has excess section, the wear-resistant strip is arranged on the rail lip of guard rail, and it is compatible with existing guard rail pad and fastener, with high strength, good wear resistance, reduce maintenance workload, prolong service life.Processing the guard rail, first, positioning step is processed on rail lip plane, and positioning groove on wear-resistant strip is simultaneously processed, then welding, preheating before welding, and machining after welding to determine final size, the processing method has short technological process, simple operation and few steps, can avoid the generation of welding crack, and wear-resistant strip and steel rail are combined firmly, with good durability, not easy to weld off, with long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a turnout guard rail, and more particularly to a shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail and its processing method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban construction, tram systems suitable for urban use have emerged. Guard rails are equipment used to ensure the safe operation of trains. As train speeds increase, the wear rate of guard rails accelerates, directly affecting their service life and driving safety, and increasing maintenance workload and operating costs. Therefore, improving the wear resistance of guard rails is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail that can extend the service life of the guard rail and its processing method.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a shallow-groove integral wear-resistant guard rail for tram turnouts, comprising a straight guard rail and a curved guard rail, both of which are made of grooved steel rails. Wear-resistant strips are fixedly installed on the lip plane of the grooved steel rails. The starting point of the wear-resistant strip is 390-395mm away from the front end of the guard rail. The top surface of the starting and ending ends of the wear-resistant strip has transition sections. Both transition sections are formed by the top surface of the wear-resistant strip gradually increasing inward from the end face by 5-7mm. The length of the transition section is 150-280mm.

[0005] Furthermore, the length of the wear-resistant strip is 3000-4000 mm.

[0006] Furthermore, the starting point of the wear-resistant strip fixed on the straight guard rail is 392mm from the front end of the straight guard rail, and the starting point of the wear-resistant strip fixed on the curved guard rail is 393mm from the front end of the curved guard rail.

[0007] Furthermore, the bending point of the curved guard rail is 6500-6800mm away from the front end of the curved guard rail.

[0008] Furthermore, the length of the straight guard rail is 10000mm, and the extension of the curved guard rail is 9862mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the curved guard rail includes a straight segment and an arc segment connected to the straight segment. The arc segment includes a first arc segment, a second arc segment, a third arc segment, and a fourth arc segment connected end to end in sequence. The starting end of the first arc segment is connected to the end of the straight segment, and its end is 6.5 mm from the bending baseline. The end of the second arc segment is 26.0 mm from the bending baseline. The third arc segment is 58.5 mm from the bending baseline. The fourth arc segment is 99.7 mm from the bending baseline. The lengths of the first, second, and third arc segments are all 800 mm, and the length of the fourth arc segment is 733 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, both the straight guard rail and the curved guard rail are 60R2 channel steel rails, the wear-resistant strip is NM400 wear-resistant steel plate, a positioning step is provided on the rail lip plane, and a positioning groove adapted to the positioning step is provided on the wear-resistant strip. The positioning groove is arranged along the entire length of the wear-resistant strip, and the wear-resistant strip is welded to the rail lip plane to which it is connected.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-section of the wear-resistant strip is trapezoidal, and the slope of its working side is consistent with the slope of the running side of the rail head of the 60R2 grooved steel rail.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for processing the above-mentioned shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) Machining the guard rail: The lip tread of the 60R2 grooved steel rail is machined using a CNC machining center. The machining depth is 22±0.5mm and the machining length is equal to the length of the wear-resistant strip. After machining, a lip plane is formed. Then, a groove with a depth of 3.0 to 3.5mm is milled on the side of the lip plane near the rail head groove to form a positioning step. The width of the positioning step is 14.0 to 14.2mm and the length is equal to the length of the wear-resistant strip.

[0014] (2) Machining the wear-resistant strip: Mill a positioning groove on the wear-resistant strip. The positioning groove has a width of 16.0 to 16.2 mm and a depth of 3.0 to 3.5 mm.

[0015] (3) Welding: The wear-resistant strips are welded to the rails, and the steps are as follows:

[0016] (3.1) Spot weld the wear-resistant strip to the rail lip: First, place the wear-resistant strip on the rail lip plane and make the positioning groove and positioning step fit together;

[0017] (3.2) Spot welding will be performed using carbon dioxide gas shielded welding to fix the wear-resistant strip to the rail lip plane;

[0018] (3.3) Preheating: Heat the wear-resistant strip and the rail simultaneously with a heating gun. After heating to 380°C, weld immediately. During welding, measure the temperature of the rail and the wear-resistant strip multiple times. Stop welding when the temperature is below 350°C. Reheat until the temperature of the rail and the wear-resistant strip reaches 380°C, and then weld immediately. Repeat the above steps until full weld.

[0019] (4) Normalizing treatment: The welded rails are normalized at a temperature of 400-600℃, held for 0.9-1.3 hours and then cooled to room temperature.

[0020] (5) Finishing: Using a CNC machining center, the normalized steel rail is machined with a horizontal milling cutter with a diameter of 400mm. The final machining dimensions are: the wheel flange groove width is 42mm, the tolerance is (-2, 0)mm, and the slope of the working side of the guard rail is 1:6.

[0021] In step (1), multiple bevels are milled on the outer side of the rail lip, with an interval of 100mm between adjacent bevels, a bevel length of 100mm, a width of 8 to 11mm, and a bottom surface inclined downwards at 25° to 30°.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0023] 1. The shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail of the present invention adopts 60R2 groove steel rail, which can meet the use requirements of tram turnout. At the same time, wear-resistant strips are set on the rail lip of the steel rail. It has good compatibility with existing guard rail pads and fasteners, reasonable design, low manufacturing cost, high strength, good wear resistance, reduced maintenance workload, extended service life, and saved steel and maintenance costs.

[0024] 2. The wear-resistant strip of the present invention is set in the wear-prone area of ​​the rail. The beginning and end of the wear-resistant strip have transition sections, which can enable the train to smoothly enter the area with the wear-resistant strip, ensure the smoothness of the train operation, and reduce noise.

[0025] 3. The wear-resistant strip and the lip plane of the grooved steel rail of the present invention are matched by positioning steps and positioning grooves, which facilitates the processing of the guard rail and ensures the processing accuracy.

[0026] 4. The curved guardrail of the present invention includes a straight section and an arc section connected to the straight section. The arc section includes a first arc section, a second arc section, a third arc section, and a fourth arc section connected end to end in sequence. The starting end of the first arc section is connected to the end of the straight section, and its end is 6.5mm away from the bending baseline. The end of the second arc section is 26.0mm away from the bending baseline. The third arc section is 58.5mm away from the bending baseline. The fourth arc section is 99.7mm away from the bending baseline. The lengths of the first, second, and third arc sections are all 800mm, and the length of the fourth arc section is 733mm. This design can significantly increase the extension of the curved guardrail, increase the length of the buffer section, reduce the buffer angle, improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle when passing through the frog, increase the service life of the guardrail, and reduce the amount of maintenance and repair work. This bending structure can also reduce the noise of the tram when it runs on the curve.

[0027] 5. The present invention sets intermittent bevels on the rail, which can both ensure welding quality and reduce welding difficulty;

[0028] 6. The processing method of this invention for processing shallow groove integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rails has a short process flow, simple operation and few steps, which can avoid the generation of welding cracks, and the wear-resistant strips and steel rails are firmly bonded, have good durability, are not easy to desolder, and reduce maintenance workload and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the straight guard rail of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the curved guard rail of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of a 60R2 channel steel rail.

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 1 and Figure 2 A schematic diagram of direction A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 and 2 A schematic diagram of BB (with wear-resistant strips removed);

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the C-direction.

[0035] In the diagram: 100, straight guard rail; 200, curved guard rail; 300, wear-resistant strip; 310, transition section.

[0036] 1. Rail head, 2. Rail head tread, 3. Traveling edge, 4. Rail head groove, 5. Rail lip tread, 6. Rail lip, 7. Rail lip plane, 8. Groove, 9. Positioning step. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 6 The implementation of this invention will be described in detail using a 1435mm gauge 60R2 channel steel No. 6 single turnout as an example:

[0038] Example 1: As Figure 1 and 2 The diagram shows a shallow-groove, integral wear-resistant guard rail for tram turnouts. The guard rail includes a straight guard rail 100 and a curved guard rail 200. The bending point of the curved guard rail 200 is 6500–6800 mm from its front end. Both the straight guard rail 100 and the curved guard rail 200 are 60R2 grooved steel rails. The end face view of the 60R2 grooved steel rail is shown below. Figure 3 As shown. Figure 4 As shown, a wear-resistant strip 300 is fixedly installed on the lip plane 5 of the channel rail. The wear-resistant strip is made of NM400 wear-resistant steel plate. In this embodiment, the length of the wear-resistant strip 300 is 3600mm. The starting point of the wear-resistant strip 300 is 390-395mm away from the front end of the guard rail. The length of the wear-resistant strip is 3000-4000mm. The top surface of the starting and ending ends of the wear-resistant strip has a transition section 310. Both transition sections 310 are formed by the top surface of the wear-resistant strip 300 gradually increasing inward from the end face (i.e., the two transition sections 310 gradually increase in height from the end faces of the two ends of the wear-resistant strip 300 towards the other end face) by 5-7mm. The length of the transition section 310 is 150-280mm. In this embodiment, the two transition sections 310 are formed by the end faces of the two ends of the wear-resistant strip 300 gradually increasing in height from the other end face by 6mm. The length of the transition section 310 is 200mm.

[0039] In this embodiment, the length of the straight guard rail 100 is 10000mm, the extension of the curved guard rail 200 is 9862mm, the length tolerance of the guard rail is -2mm to 0mm, and the bending point of the curved guard rail 200 is 6724mm from the front end of the curved guard rail. The starting point of the wear-resistant strip 300 fixed on the straight guard rail 100 is 392mm from the front end of the straight guard rail 100, and the starting point of the wear-resistant strip 300 fixed on the curved guard rail 200 is 393mm from the front end of the curved guard rail 200.

[0040] To facilitate the fixing of the wear-resistant strip to the rail and improve the strength of the connection, in this embodiment, as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a positioning step 9 is provided on the rail lip plane 7, and a positioning groove adapted to the positioning step 9 is provided on the wear-resistant strip 300. The positioning groove is arranged along the entire length of the wear-resistant strip 300, and the wear-resistant strip 300 is welded to the rail lip plane 7 to which it is connected. The cross-section of the wear-resistant strip 300 is trapezoidal, and its working side slope is consistent with the running side slope of the rail head of the 60R2 channel steel rail, both being 1:6. The flange groove width is 42mm, and the tolerance is (-2, 0)mm.

[0041] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the curved guardrail 200 includes a straight segment C and an arc segment D connected to the straight segment C. The arc segment D includes a first arc segment D1, a second arc segment D2, a third arc segment D3, and a fourth arc segment D4 connected end to end in sequence. The starting end of the first arc segment D1 is connected to the ending end of the straight segment C. The connection point between the first arc segment D1 and the straight segment C is the bending point. The ending end of the first arc segment D1 is 6.5 mm from the bending baseline. The ending end of the second arc segment D2 is 26.0 mm from the bending baseline. The ending end of the third arc segment D3 is 58.5 mm from the bending baseline. The ending end of the fourth arc segment D4 is 99.7 mm from the bending baseline. The lengths of the first, second, and third arc segments are all 800 mm, and the length of the fourth arc segment D4 is 733 mm. In this invention, the bending baseline E refers to the extension line of the straight segment.

[0042] Example 2: This example provides a method for processing a shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail as in Example 1, including the following steps:

[0043] (1) Machining of the guard rail: The lip tread surface 5 of the 60R2 channel steel rail is machined using a CNC machining center. The machining depth is 22±0.5mm, the machining length is 3600mm, and the tolerance is (0, +2)mm. After machining, the lip plane 7 is formed. The end face of the channel steel rail after machining is shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown; then, a groove 8 with a depth of 3.0 to 3.5 mm is milled on the side of the rail lip plane 7 near the rail head groove 4 to form a positioning step 9. The width of the positioning step 9 is 14.0 to 14.2 mm, and the length is equal to the length of the wear-resistant strip 300.

[0044] (2) Machining the wear-resistant strip: Mill a positioning groove on the wear-resistant strip 300. The width of the positioning groove is 16.0 to 16.2 mm and the depth is 3.0 to 3.5 mm. In this example, the depth of the positioning groove is 3 mm and the tolerance is (0, 0.5) mm.

[0045] (3) Welding: The wear-resistant strips are welded to the rails, and the steps are as follows:

[0046] (3.1) Spot weld the wear-resistant strip to the rail lip: First, place the wear-resistant strip 300 on the rail lip plane 7, and make the positioning groove and the positioning step 9 fit together;

[0047] (3.2) Spot welding will be performed using carbon dioxide gas shielded welding to fix the wear-resistant strip 300 to the rail lip plane 7; during welding, ER50 welding wire with a diameter of φ1.2mm will be used.

[0048] (3.3) Preheating: Use a heating gun to heat the wear-resistant strip 300 and the rail (i.e., the 60R2 grooved rail to be welded) simultaneously. After heating to 380°C, welding is immediately carried out. During welding, the temperature of the rail and the wear-resistant strip 300 is measured multiple times. Welding is stopped when the temperature is below 350°C. Heating is carried out again until the temperature of the rail and the wear-resistant strip 300 reaches 380°C, and welding is immediately carried out. The above steps are repeated until full weld is achieved. This welding method can avoid the generation of welding cracks and ensure the quality of the processed guard rail.

[0049] (4) Normalizing treatment: The welded rails are normalized at a temperature of 400-600℃ and kept at that temperature for 0.9-1.3 hours before cooling to room temperature. Normalizing can improve the mechanical properties of the rails.

[0050] (5) Finishing: Using a CNC machining center, the normalized steel rail is machined with a horizontal milling cutter with a diameter of 400mm. The final machining dimensions are: rim groove width 42mm, tolerance (-2, 0)mm, and slope of the working edge of the guard rail 1:6. The guard rail with the final dimensions is formed after finishing.

[0051] In order to ensure that the electric arc can penetrate deep into the root of the weld, so that the root can be fully penetrated, and to facilitate the removal of slag and obtain a better weld formation, in step (1), multiple bevels are milled on the outer side of the rail lip, with an interval of 100mm between adjacent bevels, a bevel length of 100mm, a width of 8 to 11mm, and a bottom surface inclined downward at 25° to 30°, forming a welding bevel 10 after welding.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shallow-groove type integral wear-resistant guard rail for tram turnouts, characterized in that, It includes straight guard rails and curved guard rails. Both guard rails are made of channel steel. Wear-resistant strips are fixedly installed on the rail lip plane of the channel steel rail. The starting point of the wear-resistant strip is 390-395mm away from the front end of the guard rail. The top surface of the starting end and the end end of the wear-resistant strip has a transition section. Both transition sections are formed by the top surface of the wear-resistant strip gradually increasing inward from the end face by 5-7mm. The length of the transition section is 150-280mm. Both the straight guard rail and the curved guard rail are 60R2 channel steel rails, and the wear-resistant strips are made of NM400 wear-resistant steel plates. A positioning step is provided on the side of the rail lip plane near the rail head groove. A positioning groove adapted to the positioning step is provided on the wear-resistant strip. The positioning groove is arranged along the entire length of the wear-resistant strip, and the wear-resistant strip is welded to the rail lip to which it is connected.

2. The shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the wear-resistant strip is 3000-4000mm.

3. The shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The starting point of the wear-resistant strip fixed on the straight guard rail is 392mm from the front end of the straight guard rail, and the starting point of the wear-resistant strip fixed on the curved guard rail is 393mm from the front end of the curved guard rail.

4. The shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The bending point of the curved guard rail is 6500-6800mm away from the front end of the curved guard rail.

5. The shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail according to claim 4, characterized in that, The straight guard rail is 10,000 mm long, and the curved guard rail has an extension of 9,862 mm.

6. The shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail according to claim 5, characterized in that, The curved guardrail includes a straight section and an arc section connected to the straight section. The arc section includes a first arc section, a second arc section, a third arc section, and a fourth arc section connected end to end in sequence. The starting end of the first arc section is connected to the end of the straight section, and its end is 6.5mm from the bending baseline. The end of the second arc section is 26.0mm from the bending baseline. The third arc section is 58.5mm from the bending baseline. The fourth arc section is 99.7mm from the bending baseline. The lengths of the first, second, and third arc sections are all 800mm, and the length of the fourth arc section is 733mm.

7. The shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wear-resistant strip has a trapezoidal cross-section, and its working side slope is consistent with the running side slope of the rail head of the 60R2 grooved steel rail.

8. A method for processing a shallow-groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, (1) Machining the guard rail: The guard rail is machined on the lip plane of the 60R2 grooved steel rail using a CNC machining center. The machining depth is 22.0 to 22.2 mm, and the machining length is equal to the length of the wear-resistant strip. After machining, the lip plane is formed. Then, a groove with a depth of 3.0 to 3.1 mm is formed on the side of the lip plane near the rail head groove to form a positioning step. The width of the positioning step is 14.0 to 14.2 mm, and the length is equal to the length of the wear-resistant strip. (2) Machining the wear-resistant strip: Mill a positioning groove on the wear-resistant strip. The positioning groove has a width of 16.0 to 16.2 mm and a depth of 3.0 to 3.1 mm. (3) Welding: The wear-resistant strips are welded to the rails, and the steps are as follows: (3.1) Spot weld the wear-resistant strip to the rail lip: First, place the wear-resistant strip on the rail lip and make the positioning groove and the positioning step fit together; (3.2) Spot welding will be performed using carbon dioxide gas shielded welding to fix the wear-resistant strip to the rail lip; (3.3) Preheating: Heat the wear-resistant strip and the rail simultaneously with a heating gun. After heating to 380°C, weld immediately. During welding, measure the temperature of the rail and the wear-resistant strip multiple times. Stop welding when the temperature is below 350°C. Reheat until the temperature of the rail and the wear-resistant strip reaches 380°C, and then weld immediately. Repeat the above steps until full weld. (4) Normalizing treatment: The welded rails are normalized at a temperature of 400-600℃, held for 0.9-1.3 hours and then cooled to room temperature. (5) Finishing: Using a CNC machining center, the normalized steel rail is machined with a horizontal milling cutter with a diameter of 400mm. The final machining dimensions are: the wheel flange groove width is 42mm, the tolerance is (-2, 0)mm, and the slope of the working side of the guard rail is 1:

6.

9. The processing method of the shallow groove type integral tram turnout wear-resistant guard rail according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (1), multiple bevels are milled on the outer side of the rail lip, with an interval of 100mm between adjacent bevels, a bevel length of 100mm, a width of 8 to 11mm, and a bottom surface inclined downwards at 25° to 30°.

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