A heat dissipation method based on a dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator of a metasurface

Abstract

The application discloses a heat dissipation method based on a dynamic self-adaptive thermal radiation modulator of a super surface, and the thermal radiation modulator is arranged on an object; when the temperature inside the object starts to rise from room temperature, the heat of the object is conducted to the thermal radiation modulator, so that the structure of the thermal radiation modulator changes, and the heat of the object is radiated outward in a wave band of 8-13 mu m. The infrared absorber is designed by using the super surface structure to realize thermal radiation modulation, and the problem that the existing thermal radiation modulator cannot independently perceive the change of the ambient temperature and make corresponding adjustment behavior to realize temperature control can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a heat dissipation method based on a dynamic self-adaptive heat radiation modulator of a super surface, and belongs to the fields of radiation refrigeration, photonic heat management and flexible super surface. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, extreme hot weather has occurred frequently, and the demand for cooling energy has increased substantially. Radiation refrigeration cools objects by radiating heat to outer space (a cold source) through the "atmospheric window" (8-13 mu m) with the smallest absorption of electromagnetic radiation, and the advantages of zero energy consumption and zero pollution are of great significance for building an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly society.

[0003] Kirchhoff's law of radiation shows that the ratio of the emission power to the absorption power of all objects at the same temperature is equal, which means that a good radiation absorber is also a good radiation emitter. Therefore, an infrared absorber can radiate energy to the cold outer space through the "atmospheric window" to achieve radiation refrigeration. And through the rational design of the plasma super surface, all properties of the incident electromagnetic wave can be controlled, including phase, frequency, polarization and amplitude.

[0004] According to the control mechanism, the dynamic control of radiation refrigeration can be divided into active and passive types. Active control requires an additional external field, such as the introduction of an external electric field. Compared with active control, passive control does not require additional control and is more convenient to apply. However, it is more difficult to achieve passive control, and the key technology is how to combine suitable materials with physical design. On the other hand, since the cooling demand usually occurs during the day when the sun is shining, in order to avoid the heating of the heat radiation modulator due to solar radiation, reducing solar energy absorption in the design of the heat radiation modulator is also a key design factor. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the existing heat radiation modulator cannot independently perceive the change of the ambient temperature and make corresponding thermal regulation behavior, the application designs an infrared absorber using a super surface structure to achieve heat radiation modulation, solving the problem that the existing heat radiation modulator is difficult to achieve self-adaptive dynamic control.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:

[0007] A design method of a dynamic self-adaptive heat radiation modulator based on a super surface, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) using the finite difference time domain method, setting the structure of the radiation modulator, which includes a metal super surface structure layer at the top, a thermal expansion layer in the middle and a metal substrate layer at the bottom;

[0009] (2) Determine the initial conditions of the simulation, including fixing the thickness of the metal substrate layer, setting the boundary conditions of the modulator structure as periodic boundary, the wavelength range of the incident wave is 0.3-2μm solar radiation band and 8-13μm "atmospheric window" band;

[0010] (3) Change the structure shape and its parameters, thickness of the metal super surface structure layer, the thickness of the intermediate thermal expansion layer, the environment temperature in turn, and calculate the absorption spectrum of the radiation modulator by using FDTD solution software;

[0011] (4) According to the absorption rate corresponding to each wave band in the absorption spectrum, calculate the corresponding thermal radiation modulator of each radiation power of the structure shape of the corresponding metal super surface;

[0012] (5) Calculate the net cooling power of the modulator by the radiation power formula, and select the corresponding metal super surface structure layer structure by continuous optimization to obtain the thermal radiation modulator.

[0013] A kind of dynamic self-adapting thermal radiation modulator based on super surface is designed, including top metal super surface layer, intermediate thermal expansion layer and bottom substrate, the modulator can radiate the heat in object to outer space through 8-13μm wave band, realize dynamic self-adapting adjustment of radiation process.

[0014] Further, the metal super surface layer is a honeycomb structure.

[0015] Further, each side of the honeycomb structure is a disconnected structure.

[0016] Further, the material of the metal super surface layer and the substrate is gold, silver or copper.

[0017] Further, the material of the thermal expansion layer is polydimethylsiloxane or polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0018] Further, the width of each side of the honeycomb structure is 120-210nm, and the thickness of the honeycomb structure is 150-300nm.

[0019] Further, the thickness of the thermal expansion layer is 100-250nm.

[0020] Further, each side of the honeycomb structure is disconnected at the midpoint.

[0021] Further, it also includes a method for making a dynamic self-adapting thermal radiation modulator based on super surface, which includes the following steps: making a substrate; forming a thermal expansion layer on the substrate; forming an etching layer on the thermal expansion layer; etching a microstructure inside the etching layer by etching technology; depositing metal into the microstructure to form a metal super surface layer; removing the etching layer, cleaning the sample surface to obtain a thermal radiation modulator.

[0022] Further, the application further discloses a heat dissipation method based on the super-surface dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator.

[0023] Further, the application further discloses an application of the heat dissipation method based on the super-surface dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator in buildings.

[0024] Further, the application further discloses an application of the heat dissipation method based on the super-surface dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator in active optoelectronic devices.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the application has the beneficial effects that: the thermal radiation modulator with the metal super-surface structure layer, the thermal expansion material layer and the metal substrate layer is designed, with the change of the ambient temperature, the expansion or shrinkage of the thermal expansion material can control the disconnection and connection of the metal super-surface structure, that is, control the absorption and reflection of the structure in the atmospheric window waveband, and finally realize the switching of the "on" and "off" states of the radiation refrigeration function, so as to realize the passive adaptive thermal radiation modulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are part of the present application, serve to further understand the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof serve to explain the present application, but do not constitute improper limitation on the present application. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the structure of the thermal radiation modulator in the application (wherein 1 is a top honeycomb-shaped metal super-surface layer, 2 is a middle thermal expansion layer, and 3 is a bottom substrate);

[0028] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional top view of the structure of the thermal radiation modulator in the application;

[0029] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional side view of the structure of the thermal radiation modulator in the application;

[0030] Figure 4 FIG. 4(a) and FIG. 4(b) are absorption spectrum responses of the thermal radiation modulator in the application in the solar radiation waveband and the "atmospheric window" waveband under different ambient temperatures;

[0031] Figure 5(a) and 5(b) are the absorption spectra and equivalent impedance of the "atmospheric window" band of the thermal radiation modulator in the "on" and "off" states in the present application;

[0032] Fig. 6(a) is the electric field distribution at the middle cross-section (x-y plane) of the honeycomb layer of the thermal radiation modulator in the present application at a wavelength of 10.5 μm;

[0033] Fig. 6(b) is the electric field distribution at the middle cross-section (x-y plane) of the PDMS thermal expansion layer of the thermal radiation modulator in the present application at a wavelength of 10.5 μm;

[0034] Fig. 6(c) is the electric field distribution at the interface between the PDMS thermal expansion layer and the Ag substrate layer (x-y plane) of the thermal radiation modulator in the present application at a wavelength of 10.5 μm;

[0035] Fig. 6(d) is the electric field distribution at the y-z plane of the thermal radiation modulator in the present application at a wavelength of 10.5 μm;

[0036] Figure 7 (a), 7(b) and 7(c) are the effects of different geometric parameters on the absorption performance of the "atmospheric window" band when the cooling function is "on" for the thermal radiation modulator in the present application;

[0037] Figure 8 Fig. 8 is a flow chart of the manufacturing process of the thermal radiation modulator in the present application.

[0038] Figure 9 Fig. 9 is an array structure diagram of the thermal radiation modulator in the present application.

[0039] It should be noted that these drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0042] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] The present application designs a dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator based on metasurface by the following design method, which comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) The structure of the radiation modulator is set by using the finite difference time domain algorithm, which includes the top metal metasurface structure layer, the middle thermal expansion layer and the bottom metal substrate layer;

[0045] (2) The initial conditions of simulation are determined, including fixing the thickness of the metal substrate layer, setting the boundary condition of the modulator structure as periodic boundary, and setting the wavelength range of the incident wave as 0.3-2μm solar radiation band and 8-13μm "atmospheric window" band;

[0046] (3) The structure shape and its parameters, thickness of the metal metasurface structure layer, the thickness of the middle thermal expansion layer and the environmental temperature are changed in turn, and the absorption spectrum of the radiation modulator is calculated by using FDTD solution software;

[0047] (4) According to the absorption rate corresponding to each wave band in the absorption spectrum, the radiation power of the thermal radiation modulator corresponding to the structure shape of the corresponding metal metasurface is calculated;

[0048] (5) The net cooling power of the modulator is calculated by the radiation power formula, and the structure of the corresponding metal metasurface structure layer is selected by continuous optimization, and the thermal radiation modulator is obtained.

[0049] As shown in the accompanying Figures 1-3 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator based on metasurface designed by the present application, which is a sandwich structure composed of the top metal metasurface layer, the middle thermal expansion layer and the bottom substrate. The metal metasurface layer shown in the figure is a hexagonal honeycomb structure, and each side of the honeycomb structure is disconnected (the midpoint of each side is disconnected in the example, and it can also be disconnected according to trisection, quadrisection, irregular division, etc.). The metal metasurface layer can also be a polygonal structure such as a rectangle or a square. x And P y represent the period of the unit cell, w and h represent the width and height of the honeycomb metasurface respectively, and t1 and t2 represent the thickness of the thermal expansion layer and the substrate respectively.

[0050] To better understand the performance of the thermal radiation modulator of this invention, the inventors use silver as the material for the honeycomb metal metasurface layer and substrate, and PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) as the material for the thermal expansion layer, as an example for the following analysis and explanation. The metal can also be gold, copper, or other materials, and the thermal expansion layer can also be PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone).

[0051] As attached Figure 4 The figure shows the absorption spectrum response of the thermal radiation modulator of this invention in the solar radiation band (0.3-2 μm) and the "atmospheric window" band (8-13 μm) at different ambient temperatures. In use, the thermal radiation modulator of this invention is placed over an object. When the internal temperature of the object changes from room temperature (e.g., 25°C) to a high temperature (e.g., 35°C), heat is conducted to the modulator. Because the PDMS material of the modulator has a high coefficient of thermal expansion (9.6 × 10⁻⁶), the heat transfer is significant. -4 K -1 When the object expands, the modulator begins to absorb in the 8-13μm band. According to Kirchhoff's radiation law, at this time, the modulator is a radiation emitter in the atmospheric window band, which can radiate the heat inside the object to outer space through the atmospheric window, thereby reducing the temperature inside the object. When the temperature inside the object changes from a high temperature (e.g., 35℃) to a room temperature (e.g., 25℃), the modulator is no longer a heat radiation emitter. At this time, the heat no longer radiates to outer space through the atmospheric window, thus maintaining the temperature of the object.

[0052] Furthermore, because the honeycomb structure has open edges, when the internal temperature of the object rises, the PDMS material expands, and the gaps at the open edges of the honeycomb structure gradually increase from zero. At this time, the radiation modulator is in the "on" state, that is, it radiates energy outward in the 8-13μm band, which can achieve the cooling function. According to the coefficient of thermal expansion, when the temperature is 35℃, the gap is about 30nm, and near-perfect infrared absorption is achieved at a wavelength of 10.5μm.

[0053] When the internal temperature of the object drops to room temperature, due to the contraction of the PDMS material, the gaps at the disconnected points on each side of the honeycomb structure become zero. At this point, the modulator is in a "closed" state and no longer radiates heat outward, thus achieving adaptive thermal radiation modulation. Furthermore, from the attached... Figure 4 It is known that regardless of whether the modulator is in the "on" (high temperature state) or "off" (room temperature state) state, the modulator exhibits extremely low absorptivity across the entire solar spectrum (0.3-2μm), meaning that the modulator does not absorb solar radiation energy. Therefore, the thermal radiation modulator in this invention is suitable for both nighttime and daytime use.

[0054] To better understand the absorption physical mechanism in the atmospheric window when the cooling function of the thermal radiation modulator is in the "on" state, the effective impedance, electromagnetic field and current intensity distribution of the thermal radiation modulator are also studied.

[0055] As shown in Fig. 6(a), the electric field distribution of the thermal radiation modulator in the "on" state at the wavelength of 10.5 μm is shown. Figure 5 (a) is the absorption spectrum of the thermal radiation modulator, and a nearly perfect absorption peak is obtained at the wavelength of 10.5 μm when the radiation cooling function is in the "on" state.

[0056] As shown in Fig. 6(b), the electric field distribution of the thermal radiation modulator in the "on" state at the wavelength of 10.5 μm is shown. Figure 5 (b) is the equivalent impedance of the thermal radiation modulator in the "on" state, and the relationship between the effective impedance Z and the absorption rate of the thermal radiation modulator can be expressed as:

[0057]

[0058] where Z0 is the free space impedance. Therefore, at the wavelength of 10.5 μm, the real part Re(Z) and the imaginary part Im(Z) of the effective impedance are close to 1 and 0, respectively, indicating that the thermal radiation modulator has a nearly perfect impedance matching with the free space. Therefore, the thermal radiation modulator proposed in the present application can achieve a nearly 100% absorption rate in the "atmospheric window", that is, all the thermal radiation is radiated out in the atmospheric window wavelength band.

[0059] As shown in Fig. 6, the electric field distribution of the thermal radiation modulator in the "on" state at the wavelength of 10.5 μm is shown.

[0060] As shown in Fig. 6(a), at the middle section (x-y plane) of the honeycomb layer, the electric field energy is mainly concentrated at the edges of the honeycomb super surface and the center break of each edge.

[0061] As shown in Fig. 6(b), at the middle section (x-y plane) of the PDMS thermal expansion layer, the electric field energy is mainly concentrated at the positions corresponding to the two sides of the center break of each edge of the honeycomb super surface.

[0062] As shown in Fig. 6(c), at the interface (x-y plane) between the PDMS thermal expansion layer and the Ag substrate layer, the electric field energy is mainly concentrated at the positions corresponding to the two sides of the center break of the honeycomb super surface.

[0063] From Figs. 6(a-c), it can be seen that the electric field energy is mainly concentrated at the positions of the honeycomb structure, and it can be analyzed that this belongs to the Fabry-Perot resonance (FPR).

[0064] Further analysis of the current intensity distribution of the thermal radiation modulator in the y-z plane is shown in Figure 6(d). It can be observed that there is a clear surface current loop, thereby confirming that the entire structure can be regarded as an FPR cavity, i.e. the silver substrate and the honeycomb metasurface layer can be regarded as two mirrors of the cavity, and the incident wave is reflected multiple times in the FPR cavity to generate coherent interference, thereby finally achieving perfect absorption effect.

[0065] The cooling performance of the proposed thermal radiation modulator is quantitatively analyzed in the present application, and factors such as thermal radiation, convection and conduction are considered. The net cooling power of the thermal radiation modulator can be obtained by the following formula:

[0066] P cooling (T)=P rad (T)-P atm (T amb )-P sun -P cond+conv (2)

[0067] wherein the power emitted outward by the thermal radiation modulator itself:

[0068]

[0069] the incident radiation power from the atmosphere:

[0070]

[0071] the solar radiation power absorbed by the structure:

[0072]

[0073] the non-radiation heat power of the structure caused by conduction and convection:

[0074] P cond+conv =h cond+conv (T amb -T) (6)

[0075] wherein represents the spectral radiance of a black body at temperature T. h is the Planck constant, k B is the Boltzmann constant, c is the speed of light, λ is the wavelength, h cond+conv is the heat transfer coefficient, T amb is the ambient temperature, I AM1 .5 is the standard solar spectral irradiance distribution intensity; ε(λ,θ)=1-t(λ) 1 / cosθ represents the atmospheric emissivity related to the light incidence angle, wherein t(λ) represents the atmospheric transmittance.

[0076] To ensure the cooling effect of the thermal radiation modulator, the net cooling power must be greater than zero. Taking Figures 1-3The structure is shown as an example. When the structure parameters satisfy P x = 5196 nm, P y = 9000 nm, w = 150 nm, h = 200 nm, t1 = 150 nm, and t2 = 90 nm, the high temperature T = 310 K in the atmospheric window is set, the wavelength range is 8-13 μm, h = 6.626 x 10 -34 J·s, k B = 1.381 x 10 -23 J / K, c = 2.998 x 10 8 m / s.

[0077] The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0078] ① The power P rad emitted by the structure:

[0079]

[0080] Wherein: Because Therefore Therefore, the total power P

[0081]

[0082] The absorption rate data obtained by FDTD simulation is imported into Matlab, the createFit function is used to fit the ε S curve, and the integral function is used to integrate the above formula, so that P rad = 862.65 W / m 2 .

[0083] ② The power P atm emitted by the atmosphere:

[0084]

[0085] Wherein: is the local average water pressure.

[0086] According to the Kirchhoff radiation law, the absorption rate α S (θ, λ) is equal to the emissivity ε S (θ, λ), because Therefore Therefore, the total power P

[0087]

[0088] The absorption rate data obtained by FDTD simulation is imported into Matlab, the createFit function is used to fit the ε SThe curve is obtained by integrating the above equation using the integral function. atm = 499.16 W / m 2 .

[0089] ③ The power of the solar radiation absorbed by the structure P sun :

[0090]

[0091] The standard I AM1.5 data provided by ASTM and the emissivity of the corresponding waveband obtained by FDTD calculation are imported into Matlab, and the power P sun = 154.71 W / m 2 .

[0092] ④ The non-radiation thermal power of the structure P cond+conv :

[0093] P cond+conv = h cond+conv (T amb -T) (12)

[0094] wherein T amb = 294 K, h cond+conv = 2-6.5, the power P cond+conv = 104 W / m 2 .

[0095] Summarizing the above calculation process, the power P rad radiated by the structure, the power P atm absorbed by the atmosphere due to radiation, the power P sun of the solar radiation absorbed by the structure, and the non-radiation thermal power P cond+conv of the structure are calculated as 862.65 W / m 2 , 499.16 W / m 2 , 154.71 W / m 2 and 104 W / m 2 , respectively. Finally, the net cooling power P cooling of the thermal radiation modulator is calculated as 104.78 W / m 2 , which means that the thermal radiation modulator can be cooled from 35℃ to 25℃ under the net cooling power. The quantitative data show that the thermal radiation modulator has excellent radiation cooling performance.

[0096] Considering that the shrinkage and expansion of the PDMS layer due to the change in the temperature of the object can cause deformation of the thermal radiation modulator, the present application further analyzes the influence of different geometric parameters on the absorption performance when the radiation cooling function is in the “on” state.

[0097] As attached Figure 7 (a) shows the absorption spectra of thermal radiation modulators with different cell heights h. When h is varied from 150 nm to 300 nm in 50 nm increments, a significant redshift in the absorption spectrum can be clearly observed. At the same time, the peak absorptivity is greater than 90% in all four cases. The absorptivity reaches its maximum value when h = 300 nm.

[0098] As attached Figure 7 (b) shows the absorption spectra of different honeycomb metasurface sidewidths w. When w increases from 120 nm to 210 nm in 30 nm increments, a redshift of the absorption peak can also be observed. At the same time, the peak absorbance is greater than 95% in all four cases. When w = 210 nm, the absorbance reaches its maximum value.

[0099] As attached Figure 7 As shown in (c), when the thickness t1 of the PDMS layer increases from 100 nm to 250 nm in 50 nm increments, a blue shift of the absorption peak is observed. At the same time, the peak absorption rate is greater than 85% in all four cases. When t1 = 150 nm, the absorption rate reaches its maximum value.

[0100] As attached Figure 8 As shown, the fabrication steps of a single thermal radiation modulator are exemplarily provided:

[0101] (1) As attached Figure 8 (a) A 150 nm thick PDMS film was deposited on a 90 nm thick Ag substrate using spin coating. The substrate dimensions were P. x =5274nm, P y =9120nm, thickness t2=90nm;

[0102] (2) As attached Figure 8 (b) Spin-coating a 200 nm thick positron beam resist ZEP-520 onto the sample surface from step (1);

[0103] (3) As attached Figure 8 (c) A honeycomb microstructure was etched on the ZEP-520 layer using electron beam lithography (EBL). The thickness of the honeycomb structure was h = 200 nm and the side width was w = 150 nm.

[0104] (4) As attached Figure 8 (d) Ag is deposited into the honeycomb microstructure of step (3) by magnetron sputtering to form a honeycomb metal metasurface;

[0105] (5) As attached Figure 8(e), removing the ZEP-520 coating, cleaning the sample surface, to obtain a thermal radiation modulator with a honeycomb structure metal super surface layer, a PDMS thermal expansion layer and an Ag substrate.

[0106] The spin coating method, electron beam lithography, and magnetron sputtering technology used in the preparation process are only examples, and other methods capable of obtaining the same structure are feasible. Figure 9 The array structure of the thermal radiation modulator is an array structure composed of a plurality of units of thermal radiation modulators, and the edges of the honeycomb structure in the diagram are all disconnected at the midpoint. By cutting the array structure, a unit of the thermal radiation modulator can be obtained, and at this time, the edge width of the honeycomb structure at the long edge is 0.5w.

[0107] Regarding the application of the thermal radiation modulator, it can be covered on the surface of a grain storage warehouse, a domestic and foreign airport corridor bridge, a high-speed rail station building, a public building, an office building, a power and communication cabinet facility, a petrochemical storage tank, and the like, and is expected to provide a practical solution for the development of modern energy-saving buildings.

[0108] The thermal radiation modulator can also be covered on the surface of active optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes and semiconductor lasers. As we all know, in precision optoelectronic devices, a certain face of a semiconductor laser (i.e., a radiation source, which is the main heat source) is usually bonded or welded to a heat-conducting substrate, and the heat generated thereby is mainly conducted away through the substrate, thereby avoiding the performance degradation or even failure of the laser due to excessive temperature during operation. The other face of the semiconductor laser is usually in thermal exchange with air, which has a certain auxiliary heat dissipation effect, but the heat dissipation efficiency is very low. By arranging the thermal radiation modulator on the surface of the semiconductor laser in contact with the air, the heat generated by the laser can be emitted in the 8-13 μm wave band through the thermal radiation modulator, thereby reducing the temperature of the laser and further ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the laser.

[0109] Similarly, the thermal radiation modulator can also be arranged on the surface of a module composed of active optoelectronic devices, such as a semiconductor laser and other elements packaged in an enclosure. The thermal radiation modulator is arranged on the enclosure to assist in heat dissipation of the entire module.

[0110] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist, they should be considered as within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0111] The above embodiments only express several implementation ways of the present application, and the description is specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation to the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation method for a dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator based on a metasurface, characterized in that: A thermal radiation modulator is placed on an object. When the internal temperature of the object starts to rise from room temperature, the heat of the object is conducted to the thermal radiation modulator, causing the structure of the thermal radiation modulator to change, thereby radiating the heat of the object outward in the 8-13μm wavelength band. When the internal temperature of an object begins to rise from room temperature, the thermal radiation modulator radiates heat outward and is in the on state; when the internal temperature of the object returns to room temperature, the thermal radiation modulator does not radiate heat outward and is in the off state. The thermal radiation modulator includes a top metal metasurface layer, a middle thermal expansion layer, and a bottom substrate; The metal metasurface layer has a polygonal structure; Each side of the polygonal structure is a broken structure; When the thermal radiation modulator is in the on state, the gaps at the disconnected positions of each side of the polygonal structure are greater than zero. When the thermal radiation modulator is in the off state, the gaps at the disconnected positions of the polygonal structure are zero.

2. The application of the heat dissipation method for a dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator based on a metasurface according to claim 1 in buildings, characterized in that: Heat radiation modulators are placed on the building surface.

3. The application of the heat dissipation method of the dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator based on metasurface as described in claim 1 in active optoelectronic devices.

4. The application of the heat dissipation method for a dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator based on a metasurface according to claim 3 in active optoelectronic devices, characterized in that: The thermal radiation modulator is placed on the surface of the radiation source that is in contact with the air.

5. The application of the heat dissipation method for a dynamic adaptive thermal radiation modulator based on a metasurface according to claim 3 in active optoelectronic devices, characterized in that: The thermal radiation modulator is placed on the surface of the active optoelectronic device module.

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