A device for studying the development law of water flow traces in soil

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of experimental device technology, and specifically relates to a device for studying the development law of water flow traces in soil. Currently, no experimental device can completely simulate the development process of water flow on soil with different slopes in a laboratory setting. This application provides a device for studying the development law of water flow traces in soil, including a water outlet mechanism, a soil placement mechanism, and a high-speed camera mechanism arranged in sequence. The soil placement mechanism is connected to a movable and retractable steel frame. The water outlet mechanism is used to simulate water flow, the soil placement mechanism is used to simulate natural soil, the movable and retractable steel frame is used to adjust the slope of the soil placement mechanism, and the high-speed camera mechanism is used to capture the water flow traces. The water outlet mechanism is placed above the soil placement mechanism. The water outlet mechanism, soil placement mechanism, movable and retractable steel frame, and high-speed camera mechanism can all be quickly moved and combined, offering the advantage of being able to conduct research at any location and at any time without affecting the research accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of experimental device technology, and in particular relates to a device for studying the development law of water flow traces in soil. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing similar experimental devices are used to explore the relationship between precipitation and soil sliding and loss or the influence of different vegetation on soil slope erosion; many also explore the changes in flow velocity, flow direction and flow rate of water under different obstacles in the laboratory; and some directly divide the test area on site to explore the development and changes of water flow trajectory, soil sliding and loss, slope runoff and sediment yield.

[0003] However, there is currently no experimental setup that can fully simulate the development of water flow on soil with different slopes in a laboratory. Summary of the Invention

[0004] 1. Technical problems to be solved

[0005] Given the current lack of an experimental setup capable of fully simulating the development of water flow on soil with varying slopes in a laboratory setting, this application provides a device for studying the development patterns of water flow traces in soil.

[0006] 2 Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a device for studying the development law of water flow traces in soil, comprising a water outlet mechanism, a soil placement mechanism, and a high-speed camera mechanism arranged in sequence. The soil placement mechanism is connected to a movable and retractable steel frame. The water outlet mechanism is used to simulate water flow, the soil placement mechanism is used to simulate natural soil, the movable and retractable steel frame is used to adjust the slope of the soil placement mechanism, and the high-speed camera mechanism is used to capture water flow traces. The water outlet mechanism is placed above the soil placement mechanism.

[0008] Another embodiment provided in this application is as follows: the water outlet mechanism includes a water outlet bucket, a water pump water source is provided above the water outlet bucket, a water storage tank is provided on one side of the water outlet bucket, the water outlet bucket is connected to a water outlet faucet, an electric proportional regulating valve is provided between the water outlet bucket and the water outlet faucet, and the water outlet faucet is located above the soil placement mechanism.

[0009] Another embodiment provided in this application is as follows: the water tap includes a water pipe, and a housing is provided outside the water pipe. The housing is connected to the water pipe, and a rotatable pointer compass is provided on the housing. A fixed knob and a retractable rod are also provided on the housing.

[0010] Another embodiment provided in this application is: the outer shell includes a semi-hollow hemispherical outer shell and a hemispherical glass shell that are connected to each other, and the hemispherical glass shell is provided with a scale.

[0011] Another embodiment provided in this application is as follows: the soil placement mechanism is a box, the box includes a first side plate, a bottom plate and a second side plate connected in sequence, the first side plate is provided with a spirit level, the second side plate is detachable, an angle measuring instrument is provided inside the box, a filter layer with a slope of 5° is provided on the bottom plate, and a water outlet is provided on the bottom plate.

[0012] Another embodiment provided in this application is as follows: the filter layer includes a water filter layer and a rock layer stacked in sequence, and the diameter of the water outlet hole is 1 cm and the center distance is 3 cm.

[0013] Another embodiment provided in this application is as follows: the movable and telescopic steel frame includes a thick screw rod, the thick screw rod is vertically adjustable, the thick screw rod is hinged to a fixed steel plate, the fixed steel plate is directly connected to a movable C-shaped steel plate, and rollers are provided below the fixed steel plate.

[0014] Another embodiment provided in this application is that the coarse screw rod consists of 4 pieces.

[0015] Another embodiment provided in this application is that the semi-hollow hemispherical shell is made of double-layered glass.

[0016] 3. Beneficial effects

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the soil flow trajectory development law research device provided in this application are as follows:

[0018] The soil flow trajectory development device provided in this application can simulate the development of soil flow trajectories with different slopes, and realize the study of the development law of soil flow trajectories with different slopes.

[0019] The soil flow trajectory development law research device provided in this application, including the water outlet mechanism, soil placement mechanism, movable and retractable steel frame and high-speed camera mechanism, can be moved and combined quickly, and has the advantage of being able to conduct research at any location and at any time without affecting the research accuracy.

[0020] The soil flow trajectory development law research device provided in this application uses a movable and telescopic steel frame with adjustable slope. The cylindrical level and angle measuring instrument can effectively confirm the slope of the soil in the soil placement mechanism, and better ensure the research accuracy. The electric proportional regulating valve and hemispherical water outlet combination can control the water inflow velocity and inflow rate, and ensure a constant flow velocity. The water outlet uses a hemispherical glass shell with graduations on both sides, a telescopic rod, a fixing screw hole and a fixing knob to determine and fix the water inflow angle.

[0021] The soil flow trajectory development law research device provided in this application, with the use of detachable side plates in the soil placement mechanism, can ensure the safe and convenient transfer and unloading of soil, so as to achieve the effect of studying the development law of water flow trajectory in different soils.

[0022] The soil water flow trajectory development law research device provided in this application, with the use of a 5° slope filter layer and water outlet in the soil placement mechanism, can achieve effective drainage without the collapse of the soil and rock mass.

[0023] The soil flow trajectory development law research device provided in this application, with the use of a high-speed camera, can observe the soil condition and the development of river trajectories at any time, and is also conducive to the subsequent analysis and research of flow trajectory laws. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for studying the development law of soil water flow traces in this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the device for studying the development law of soil water flow traces in this application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water tap structure in this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the soil placement mechanism of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the movable and retractable steel frame three-dimensional structure of this application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable side panel structure of this application;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a top view of the detachable side panel of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] In the following, specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on these detailed descriptions, those skilled in the art will be able to clearly understand and implement this application. Without departing from the principles of this application, features from various embodiments can be combined to obtain new implementations, or certain features from some embodiments can be substituted to obtain other preferred implementations.

[0032] See Figures 1-7 This application provides a device for studying the development law of water flow traces in soil, including a water outlet mechanism 1, a soil placement mechanism 2, and a high-speed camera mechanism 4 arranged in sequence. The soil placement mechanism 2 is connected to a movable and retractable steel frame 3. The water outlet mechanism 1 is used to simulate water flow, the soil placement mechanism 2 is used to simulate natural soil, the movable and retractable steel frame 3 is used to adjust the slope of the soil placement mechanism, and the high-speed camera mechanism 4 is used to capture water flow traces. The water outlet mechanism 1 is placed above the soil placement mechanism 2.

[0033] Furthermore, the water outlet mechanism 1 includes a water outlet bucket 12, a water pump water source 13 is provided above the water outlet bucket 12, a water storage tank 11 is provided on one side of the water outlet bucket 12, the water outlet bucket 12 is connected to a water outlet faucet 14, an electric proportional regulating valve 15 is provided between the water outlet bucket 12 and the water outlet faucet 14, and the water outlet faucet 14 is located above the soil placement mechanism 2.

[0034] The water outlet mechanism 1 is a modified glass cylinder water tank 11 with a bottom radius of 25cm and a height of 80cm. There is a notch C / 12cm wide (C being the bottom circumference) 10cm from the top. A circular pipe with a diameter of 4cm extends outwards 10cm from the bottom, 40cm from the inner bend of the elbow. This section of the pipe is equipped with the electric proportional regulating valve 15. This section of the pipe is connected to the water outlet head 14.

[0035] Furthermore, the water tap 14 includes a water pipe 144, and a housing is provided outside the water pipe 144. The housing is connected to the water pipe 144, and a rotatable pointer compass 147 is provided on the housing. A fixed knob 146 and a telescopic rod 143 are also provided on the housing.

[0036] The water outlet 14 is composed of a double-layered glass semi-hollow hemispherical shell 141 and a hemispherical glass shell 142 with graduations on both sides of the diameter and length of the sphere. The double-layered glass semi-hollow hemispherical shell 141 has a fixing knob 146 and a telescopic rod 143 on the outside. The spherical water outlet is fixed to the plastic water pipe 144 by fixing screw holes 145. A rotatable pointer compass 147 is installed on the top of the double-layered glass semi-hollow hemispherical shell 141.

[0037] Furthermore, the soil placement mechanism 2 is a box, which includes a first side plate, a bottom plate and a second side plate connected in sequence. A spirit level 21 is provided on the first side plate, and the second side plate is detachable. An angle measuring instrument 23 is provided inside the box, and a filter layer with a slope of 5° is provided on the bottom plate. A water outlet hole 24 is provided on the bottom plate.

[0038] The soil placement mechanism 2 has a topless transparent acrylic panel box. One side of the acrylic panel box is detachable to facilitate soil transfer. The box is placed on a movable and retractable steel frame 3 to simulate different slopes.

[0039] The soil placement mechanism 2 has a cylindrical level 21 on one side of its box and a detachable base plate 22 on the other side. An angle measuring instrument 23 is installed on the upper side of the box. The bottom of the box is equipped with a reverse filter layer with a slope of 5°. The reverse filter layer consists of a rock layer 25 and a water filter layer 26. The bottom of the box has a drain hole 24 with a diameter of 1 cm and a center distance of 3 cm.

[0040] The movable and retractable steel frame 3 is supported by four vertically adjustable thick screw rods 31 arranged at the bottom corners, with a 1m long movable C-shaped steel plate 33 in the middle and 1m long fixed steel plates 34 at each end. The thick screw rods 31 are hinged to the upper fixed steel plate 34, and there are two sets of detachable rollers 32 below the fixed steel plate 34.

[0041] Example

[0042] The water outlet mechanism features a unique hemispherical combination water tap 14, which allows for 360° free adjustment of the water inflow angle while maintaining a constant flow rate, solving the previous problem of cumbersome water inflow angle adjustment. The movable and extendable steel frame 3 can move freely and has its angle freely adjustable to ensure the test soil can achieve the different slopes required for the experiment. The method of freely adjusting the angle involves combining a cylindrical level 21 and an angle measuring instrument 23 with the geotechnical experimental device, solving the problems of slope stability and slope accuracy during the experiment. To ensure the steel frame can effectively cooperate with different acrylic boxes for testing, an extendable length function has been added to the steel frame, allowing for testing with geotechnical boxes of different lengths. This steel frame is suitable for geotechnical boxes with dimensions of 1m×1m×2m and 1m×1m×3m. In addition to the extendable length, three-sided bolts securely and stably fix the box without causing minor displacement. The bottom of the soil placement device box is equipped with a filter layer with a slope of 5°, and the bottom of the box below the filter layer has uniform and densely packed drainage holes 24 to ensure effective drainage without causing the soil and rock to collapse.

[0043] The experimental apparatus described above for studying the development law of water flow traces in soils with different slopes includes a water outlet mechanism 1, a soil placement mechanism 2, a movable and retractable steel frame 3, and a high-speed camera mechanism 4.

[0044] The water outlet mechanism 1 includes a water storage tank 11, a water discharge bucket 12, and a water outlet head 14. The water discharge bucket 12 is modified from a glass cylinder. The radius of the bottom is 25cm, and the height is 80cm. There is a notch with a width of C / 12cm at a distance of 10cm from the top, where C is the circumference of the bottom circle. A circular pipe with a diameter of 4cm extends outward at a distance of 10cm from the bottom and is 40cm from the inner bend of the elbow. This section of the water pipe is equipped with an electric proportional regulating valve 15. The vertical water pipe is 20cm long and is equipped with a special water outlet head 14.

[0045] The water outlet 14 includes a semi-hollow hemispherical shell 141 made of double-layered glass, a hemispherical glass shell 142 with graduations on both sides of the sphere's diameter and length, a telescopic rod 143, a plastic water pipe 144, fixing screw holes 145, a fixing knob 146, and a rotatable pointer compass 147. The two fixing screw holes 145 at the front and rear are used to ensure that the lower hemisphere of the device has no longitudinal displacement, only lateral rotation. The fixing knob 146 ensures the precise rotation angle of the hemisphere. The telescopic rod 143 ensures that the hemisphere can rotate laterally. The rotatable pointer compass 147 is fixed to the hemispherical shell 141 to ensure the rotation angle. Both the plastic water pipe 144 and the vertical glass water pipe are threaded to ensure uninterrupted connection during smooth rotation.

[0046] The soil placement mechanism 2 includes a topless transparent acrylic panel box, detachable acrylic side panels 22, and a bottom drainage hole 24 of a cuboid. The detachable acrylic side panels 22 are used to remove soil. The drainage hole 24 consists of a row of circular holes with a diameter of 1 cm and a center-to-center distance of 3 cm, which, together with the filter layer, ensure drainage. The cylindrical spirit level 21 is horizontally fixed to the side of the cuboid, ensuring it is parallel to the bottom edge of the cuboid. The angle measuring instrument 23 is fixed with its lower part parallel to the bottom of the cuboid, and its side is parallel to the vertical edge of the cuboid.

[0047] The movable and retractable steel frame 3 is supported by four vertically adjustable thick screw rods 31 arranged at the bottom corners, with a 1m long movable C-shaped steel plate 33 in the middle and 1m long fixed steel plates 34 at each end. The thick screw rods 31 are hinged to the upper fixed steel plates 34 to ensure normal vertical movement of the steel frame. There are two sets of detachable rollers 32 under the fixed steel plates at both ends.

[0048] The specific usage process is as follows: 1. The box of the soil placement mechanism 2 is embedded into the steel frame 3. The soil is filled into the container layer by layer according to the test requirements and compacted. A 5cm thick filter layer is placed at the bottom with a slope of 5 degrees. The filter layer is cut off 5cm from the bottom of the cuboid so that water can flow smoothly into the drainage hole 24.

[0049] 2: Adjust the four screw rods 31 of the steel frame and rotate the compass of the angle measuring instrument 23 to roughly confirm the angle so that the soil roughly reaches the required slope; observe the cylindrical bubble level 21 and fine-tune the two screw rods 31 at the front to ensure that the bubble is stable in the center of the cylinder; rotate the compass of the angle measuring instrument 23 again to measure the precise angle at this time.

[0050] 3: Place a bucket under the cuboid water outlet 24 to collect seepage water and debris such as mud and sand.

[0051] 4: Move the water storage and outlet mechanism so that the water outlet 14 is aligned with the center of the top of the cuboid soil body.

[0052] 5: Close the electric regulating valve 15 and turn on the water pump switch to allow a stable water flow into the discharge tank 12; after a stable water flow into the storage tank 11 at the opening, open the electric proportional regulating valve 15 to allow the water to flow into the soil at a uniform speed.

[0053] 6: At this point, start timing and begin recording the development of the water flow trajectory.

[0054] 7. After measuring an angle, rotate the lower hemisphere to rotate the faucet by a certain angle, and then fix the hemisphere. Repeat steps 5 and 6 at this time.

[0055] 8: After the measurement is completed, the soil slope can be changed and steps 2 to 6 can be repeated.

[0056] Although this application has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that many modifications can be made to the configurations and details disclosed in this application within the principles and scope of the disclosure. The scope of protection of this application is determined by the appended claims, and the claims are intended to cover all modifications included in the literal meaning or scope of equivalents of the technical features in the claims.

Claims

1. A device for studying the development law of water flow traces in soil, characterized in that: The device includes a water outlet mechanism, a soil placement mechanism, and a high-speed camera mechanism arranged in sequence. The soil placement mechanism is connected to a movable and retractable steel frame. The water outlet mechanism is used to simulate water flow. The soil placement mechanism is used to simulate natural soil. The movable and retractable steel frame is used to adjust the slope of the soil placement mechanism. The high-speed camera mechanism is used to capture water flow traces. The water outlet mechanism is placed above the soil placement mechanism. The water outlet mechanism features a unique hemispherical combination faucet. This hemispherical combination faucet allows for 360° free adjustment of the water flow angle while maintaining a constant flow rate. The faucet includes a water pipe with an outer casing connected to it. The outer casing is equipped with a rotatable pointer compass, a fixed knob, and a retractable rod. The faucet comprises a semi-hollow hemispherical shell made of double-layered glass, a hemispherical glass shell with graduations on both sides of the sphere's diameter, a retractable rod, a plastic water pipe, fixing screw holes, a fixing knob, and a rotatable pointer compass. The faucet's plastic water pipe is surrounded by the semi-hollow hemispherical shell and the hemispherical glass shell with graduations on both sides of the sphere's diameter. The outer side of the semi-hollow hemispherical shell has a fixing knob and a retractable rod. The spherical water outlet is fixed to the plastic water pipe by the fixing screw holes. A rotatable pointer compass is mounted on top of the semi-hollow hemispherical shell. The two fixing screw holes at the front and rear are used to ensure that the lower hemisphere has no longitudinal displacement, only lateral rotation. The fixing knob ensures the precise rotation angle of the hemisphere. The retractable rod ensures the hemisphere can rotate laterally. The rotatable pointer compass is fixed to the hemispherical shell to guarantee the rotation angle.

2. The apparatus for studying the development law of soil water flow traces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet mechanism includes a water tank, a water pump source is provided above the water tank, a water storage tank is provided on one side of the water tank, the water tank is connected to a water outlet tap, an electric proportional regulating valve is provided between the water tank and the water outlet tap, and the water outlet tap is located above the soil placement mechanism.

3. The apparatus for studying the development law of soil water flow traces as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell includes a semi-hollow hemispherical outer shell and a hemispherical glass shell that are connected to each other, and the hemispherical glass shell is provided with a scale.

4. The apparatus for studying the development law of soil water flow traces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil placement mechanism is a box, which includes a first side plate, a bottom plate, and a second side plate connected in sequence. A spirit level is provided on the first side plate, and the second side plate is detachable. An angle measuring instrument is provided inside the box, and a filter layer with a slope of 5° is provided on the bottom plate. A water outlet is provided on the bottom plate.

5. The apparatus for studying the development law of soil water flow traces as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The filter layer comprises a water filter layer and a rock layer stacked in sequence, and the outlet hole has a diameter of 1 cm and a center-to-center distance of 3 cm.

6. The apparatus for studying the development law of soil water flow traces as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The movable and retractable steel frame includes a thick screw rod that is vertically adjustable. The thick screw rod is hinged to a fixed steel plate. The fixed steel plate is directly connected to a movable C-shaped steel plate, and rollers are provided below the fixed steel plate.

7. The apparatus for studying the development law of soil water flow traces as described in claim 6, characterized in that: There are four thick screw rods.

8. The apparatus for studying the development law of soil water flow traces as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The semi-hollow hemispherical shell is made of double-layered glass.

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