A wireless self-powered controller device based on a frictional nanogenerator

Abstract

The application discloses a wireless self-powered controller device based on a friction nanogenerator. The device is composed of a control end and a host end. The control end realizes generation of various wireless signals based on the friction nanogenerator technology and a gas discharge device. The host end realizes signal receiving, signal conversion, signal processing, signal identification and other tasks based on a high-speed A / D converter circuit and an embedded MCU chip, and can expand more functions for the device based on the embedded MCU, thereby reducing the cost of the device. The application is a low-cost wireless controller device for realizing self-powered wireless control.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the wireless control technology of the friction nanogenerator, in particular to a wireless self-powered controller device based on the friction nanogenerator. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing attention to environmental problems, sustainable development has become one of the important themes of human development, and people are actively exploring various renewable energy sources, and the friction nanogenerator technology is one of them. Because the friction nanogenerator is based on the principle of contact electrification and triboelectricity, it has a wide application prospect and is currently receiving more and more attention.

[0003] From the published literature, the friction nanogenerator has high voltage and low current output characteristics, and its output capacity is closely related to the material and structure of the friction nanogenerator, so its application in wireless control is relatively limited. In traditional wireless control methods, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and other methods are often used. If the friction nanogenerator is combined with traditional wireless control methods, the output of the friction nanogenerator needs to be converted to low voltage output and used to drive the wireless chip, so the output level of the friction nanogenerator needs to be higher. The disadvantages of this method are that the system is large in size, and because the chip itself cannot be bent, it is not convenient to design as a flexible wearable device. On the other hand, the efficiency of the output conversion process is not high, and the output capacity of the friction nanogenerator needs to be improved.

[0004] In order to apply the friction nanogenerator to wireless control at a lower output capacity, the way of signal generation needs to be changed. By controlling gas breakdown discharge under different conditions to release characteristic electromagnetic waves, the effect of wireless signal recognition can be achieved. And the control end can be designed as a flexible device to facilitate the design as a wearable device. At the same time, with the improvement of the operation capacity of embedded chips, edge computing has also developed greatly. The operation capacity of the embedded chip is sufficient to support the calculation of a part of the relatively simple deep neural network, and by deploying the pre-trained deep RNN neural network to the embedded device, the classification and recognition of signals can be realized on the embedded end. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application discloses a wireless self-powered controller device based on the friction nanogenerator. The device consists of a control end and a host end. The control end controls the gas breakdown based on the friction nanogenerator technology to generate wireless signals by self-power supply. After receiving the wireless signal, the host end converts it from analog data to digital data, and uses neural network algorithms to classify and recognize the data, and finally outputs the classification result and executes the corresponding instructions. The problems of high output capacity requirement of the self-powered device, poor portability and wearability, and high cost of the prior art are solved.

[0006] Technical scheme: a wireless self-powered controller device based on friction nanogenerator, composed of control end and host end. The control end is composed of friction nanogenerator and gas discharge device, wherein the friction nanogenerator is connected with the gas discharge device, and the gas discharge device is responsible for generating characteristic wireless signal. User and friction nanogenerator for human-computer interaction, friction nanogenerator friction nanogenerator for collecting part of the energy transferred in the process of user interaction with the control end; the friction nanogenerator is connected with the gas discharge device, used to supply power to the gas discharge device. After the user performs sliding interaction excitation, the control end controls the gas discharge by using the output energy of the friction nanogenerator and generates characteristic wireless signal in the process. The host end is composed of signal receiving antenna, signal conversion circuit, MCU chip, wherein the signal conversion circuit includes signal capture, signal transmission control two parts, and the MCU includes signal transmission, signal data processing identification two parts. The signal receiving antenna is connected with the signal capture part, and the signal capture part is connected with the signal transmission control part and the signal transmission part in the MCU. The signal transmission part receives digital data from the signal capture part and control signal from the signal transmission control part, and is connected with the signal data processing identification part. And the signal data processing identification part is connected with the instruction execution part. After the signal receiving antenna receives the wireless signal, the analog signal is transmitted to the signal conversion circuit. The signal conversion circuit includes signal capture, signal transmission control two parts. The signal capture part is connected with the signal transmission control part and the MCU, the signal capture part receives the analog signal from the signal receiving antenna, converts the analog signal into digital data and transmits it to the MCU, and the signal capture part also transmits the analog signal to the signal transmission control part. The signal transmission control part is connected with the signal capture part, judges whether the current captured signal meets the preset transmission requirement, and sends data transmission instruction to the MCU if it meets the requirement. The MCU chip is connected with the signal capture part and the signal transmission control part, and the MCU includes signal transmission, signal data processing identification and other parts. After receiving the data transmission instruction, the MCU executes data transmission, transmits digital data from the signal capture part and saves it, and after the transmission is completed, the transmission data is classified and recognized by the data processing identification part and the output result is output, and the corresponding instruction is executed.

[0007] The control terminal is composed of a friction nanogenerator and a gas discharge device. The gas discharge device is composed of two gas discharge electrodes and a gas gap between the electrodes. The electrodes of the friction nanogenerator are connected to the electrodes of the gas discharge device to provide discharge energy. Therefore, the electrodes of the friction nanogenerator and the gas discharge electrodes can be combined to reduce the size of the control terminal and simplify the electrode manufacturing process. When the electrodes of the friction nanogenerator and the gas discharge electrodes are combined, the control terminal is composed of the shell of the friction nanogenerator, the electrodes, and the gas gap between the electrodes. The electrodes and the gas gap are both wrapped and protected by the upper and lower shells of the friction nanogenerator. The shell of the friction nanogenerator constitutes the human-computer interaction interface of the control terminal. It needs to be made of materials that are non-toxic and harmless to the human body. High molecular polymers generally have strong electronegativity. Fluoroplastics with good comprehensive performance such as insulation, wear resistance, and smoothness can be used to ensure safety while achieving high output of the friction nanogenerator. The gas discharge device is responsible for generating wireless signals. When the user slides the shell of the friction nanogenerator, a corresponding electromotive force will be generated on the electrodes. After the discharge electrodes obtain enough energy, air breakdown discharge will occur to generate wireless signals. The electrodes of the gas discharge device have various shapes. Different shapes of electrodes will have different discharge processes when they are matched with each other, generating wireless signals with different characteristics. The control terminal can send multiple different control signals. Therefore, the shape of the electrodes of the gas discharge device is relatively fixed. The electrodes of the friction nanogenerator do not need to have a specific shape. They can be designed in various shapes as long as the area of the user interaction area is ensured. Therefore, when the electrodes of the gas discharge device and the electrodes of the friction nanogenerator are combined, they can be designed in different styles according to the application situation. For example, the electrodes of the friction nanogenerator can be designed in a circular arc shape, while the discharge electrodes are composed of different forms of electrode pairs such as triangular electrodes with different spacings, rectangular electrodes, triangular electrodes, triangular electrodes, triangular electrodes, and needle-shaped electrodes to obtain the ability to generate multiple wireless signals.

[0008] The host signal conversion circuit part is composed of a signal receiving antenna, a signal capturing part, and a signal transmission control part. The signal capturing part includes an impedance matching circuit, a signal attenuation circuit, a protection circuit, an impedance conversion circuit, a signal amplification circuit, a differential conversion circuit, a voltage bias circuit, and a high-speed A / D converter. The signal receiving antenna is connected to the impedance matching circuit, which is connected to the signal attenuation circuit, which is connected to the protection circuit. The protection circuit is connected to the impedance conversion circuit, which is connected to the signal amplification circuit. The signal amplification circuit is connected to the differential conversion circuit or the voltage bias circuit, depending on the specific circuit design. The output of the signal amplification circuit is connected to the high-speed A / D converter, which is connected to the data transmission part. The signal transmission control part is connected to the impedance matching circuit, the differential conversion circuit, or the voltage bias circuit, depending on the specific circuit design. The signal receiving antenna is used to receive wireless signals generated by the control end. The signal capturing part converts the received wireless signals from analog signals to digital signals and sends them to the data transmission part. The impedance matching circuit is composed of several resistance and capacitance elements, which are used to match the impedance of the signal receiving antenna and its transmission line. The overall impedance of the impedance matching circuit and its subsequent circuits should match the impedance of the signal receiving antenna and its transmission line. Impedance matching can help maintain the original waveform of the signal during transmission without distortion. The signal attenuation circuit is composed of several resistance and capacitance elements, which are used to attenuate the signal amplitude by a fixed ratio and transmit the attenuated signal to the protection circuit. The protection circuit is composed of a zener diode, which is used as a clamping circuit to protect the subsequent circuit and ensure that the incoming signal amplitude does not exceed the voltage limit of the elements in the subsequent circuit while minimizing interference with the signal. The protection circuit detects the signal amplitude and limits it within a safe range. The output of the protection circuit is connected to the impedance conversion circuit, which is usually composed of a voltage follower circuit with a gain of 1. It includes a low input bias current operational amplifier and several resistance elements, which are used to isolate the front and rear circuits to prevent the rear circuit from affecting the front circuit. The output of the impedance conversion circuit is connected to the signal amplification circuit, which is composed of a high-gain operational amplifier and several resistance elements, which are used to amplify the signal by a certain ratio. The output of the signal amplification circuit is connected to the subsequent circuit, and the output signal amplitude cannot exceed the input voltage limit of the subsequent circuit. The subsequent circuit of the signal amplification circuit can be a voltage bias circuit or a differential conversion circuit. The voltage bias circuit is composed of an operational amplifier, several resistors, and a DC bias voltage source, which is used to add a DC bias voltage to the AC waveform to ensure that the amplitude of the AC waveform is within the working range of the high-speed A / D converter. The differential conversion circuit is composed of a differential operational amplifier chip, several resistors, and a DC bias voltage source, which is used to convert single-ended signals to differential signals and increase the circuit's anti-interference ability.and in the conversion of single-ended signal to differential signal, a DC bias voltage can also be added to the differential signal, so that the amplitude of the final generated differential signal is within the working range of the high-speed A / D converter. If a differential conversion circuit is used, the anti-interference ability and DC voltage bias function can be obtained at the same time, without the need to use a voltage bias circuit again. The output of this part of the circuit is connected to the high-speed A / D converter, which is used to convert the analog signal to a digital signal, and the output is connected to the MCU chip. Multiple high-speed A / D converters or multiple channels of a high-speed A / D converter can be used jointly, and a clock signal with a fixed phase difference and equal division of a clock period is provided for each conversion channel of the high-speed A / D converter, so as to obtain a higher data conversion rate at a lower cost. The signal transmission control part is composed of an edge detector or an amplitude comparator and several resistors, which is used to control the start of signal data transmission only under suitable conditions. Its input signal can come from the output of the impedance matching circuit or the output of the bias circuit, and its output is connected to the MCU chip. It detects the analog signal and sends a signal transmission request to the MCU chip when the preset condition is met.

[0009] The host data transmission part is composed of a parallel data transmission interface, a FIFO, and an MCU chip. The MCU includes a DMA direct transmission part, a timer for generating a PWM signal part, a data storage part, and a data processing and identification part. The signal capture part, the data transmission enable part, and the parallel data transmission interface are connected. The parallel data transmission interface is connected to the DMA direct data transmission part of the MCU, and a FIFO part is added between the two according to the specific circuit design. The timer generates a PWM signal part is connected to the DMA direct data transmission part. The DMA direct data transmission part is connected to the data storage part. The data storage part is connected to the data processing and identification part. The parallel data transmission interface is connected to the output end of a high-speed A / D converter for parallel digital data transmission. The FIFO is a first-in-first-out memory. Its input end is connected to the parallel data transmission interface of the high-speed A / D converter. Its output end is connected to the MCU chip. Its clock end is connected to the output clock of the high-speed A / D converter. If the high-speed A / D converter does not provide an output clock, it is connected to the input clock of the high-speed A / D converter to synchronize the cache clock of the FIFO with the conversion clock of the high-speed A / D converter. The FIFO is used to match the data output rate of the high-speed A / D converter with the data input rate of the MCU chip. When the data input rate of the MCU chip is greater than or equal to the output rate of the high-speed A / D converter, the FIFO circuit can be omitted to save costs. If there is a FIFO circuit, the MCU and the FIFO chip are bidirectionally connected. The MCU sends a cache enable instruction to the FIFO. The FIFO sends cache status information and digital data information to the MCU. When the MCU receives a signal transmission request, it sends a signal cache enable instruction to the FIFO. When the FIFO sends a half-full flag, it can start reading the data in the FIFO cache. If there is no FIFO circuit, the MCU chip is directly connected to the data output end of the high-speed A / D converter. When the MCU receives a signal transmission request, it reads data from the output end of the high-speed A / D converter. The DMA controller of the MCU is responsible for saving data from the input port of the MCU to the specified location of the memory of the MCU, which can save CPU resources for other task processing. There are usually multiple DMA controllers in the MCU. To fully utilize the MCU resources, multiple DMA controllers can be used for transmission at the same time to fully utilize the bus bandwidth. The trigger request of the DMA controller is generated by the internal timer of the MCU. Multiple channels of the timer can be used to sequentially deliver trigger signals to multiple DMA controllers in a timing cycle, so that multiple DMA controllers work sequentially to achieve higher MCU data transmission rate.

[0010] The host terminal data processing identification part is an algorithm part, which is run and processed by an MCU chip. The data processing identification program is composed of a data conversion program, a data early processing program, a neural network classification program and the like. The data transmission part is connected with the data conversion part, the data conversion part is connected with the data early processing part, the data early processing part is connected with the neural network classification part, the Embedding layer in the neural network classification part is connected with the GRU layer, the GRU layer is connected with N full connection layers, the N full connection layers are connected with a softmax output layer, the softmax output layer is connected to the classification result output part, and the classification result output part is connected to the instruction execution part. The digital data written in the memory by the data transmission part is converted into the corresponding true value by the output format of the high-speed A / D converter, and the conversion relationship between the logical value and the true value of the data is determined according to the scaling ratio of the front-end circuit. The data early processing program is responsible for early processing of the converted data, such as adjusting the data order to the required order of the neural network, normalizing the data and the like. The data processed by the data early processing program is sent to the neural network for classification and identification. For time sequence information, an RNN type neural network model is selected to process the time sequence data. In the RNN type neural network model, the RNN network training effect is poor, the LSTM network and the GRU network have similar performance, but the GRU network has fewer parameters, so the neural network structure is composed of an Embedding layer, a GRU layer, a full connection layer, and an output layer. After the neural network classification program calculates the classification result, the MCU executes the corresponding instruction action.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0012] 1. The control end in the present application realizes completely self-powered wireless signal generation based on a friction nanometer generator. The control end has simple structure, good durability, simple manufacturing process, and materials harmless to human body. The entire control end has light weight, small size, good portability, and no rigid device design, so it can withstand a large degree of deformation, and is suitable for design as a wearable device.

[0013] 2. The control end in the present application realizes completely self-powered generation of multiple wireless signals by combining different electrode designs in a way of controlling gas discharge. The gas discharge process is almost only related to the type of gas, the form of electric field and the strength of electric field. In the case that the output energy level of the friction nanometer generator is low, a relatively stable signal generation capability can also be obtained by improving the air gap width of the gas discharge device or filling different gases in the air gap, which makes the energy consumption requirement of the control mode low, the safety performance good, and the control mode applicable to different scenes with different designs.

[0014] 3、The host end in the application can realize high integration, so as to be suitable for more use scenarios.

[0015] 4、The host end in the application can simplify circuit design, reduce system complexity and device cost by reasonable circuit selection.

[0016] 5、The application adopts fixed frequency technology, and since the use scenario of the application is to fix the length of the neural network input, the number of sampling points needs to be fixed, and there is no need to save space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a general structure block diagram of the application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a control end structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a host end signal conversion circuit part structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a host end data transmission part schematic diagram of the application;

[0021] Figure 5 is a host end data processing and identification part schematic diagram of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The application will be further illustrated by combining the drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the application and not to limit the scope of the application. It should be noted that the words "front", "back", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a specific component.

[0023] Figure 1For the overall structure diagram of the present application, the present application is composed of two parts of control end and host end. The control end is composed of friction nanogenerator and gas discharge device, wherein the friction nanogenerator is connected with the gas discharge device, and the gas discharge device is responsible for generating characteristic wireless signal. The user interacts with the friction nanogenerator, and the friction nanogenerator is used to collect part of the energy transferred in the process of the user interacting with the control end; the friction nanogenerator is connected with the gas discharge device, and is used to supply power to the gas discharge device. After the user performs sliding interaction excitation, the control end controls the gas discharge by using the output energy of the friction nanogenerator, and generates characteristic wireless signal in the process. The host end is composed of signal receiving antenna, signal conversion circuit and MCU chip, wherein the signal conversion circuit includes signal capturing and signal transmission control two parts, and the MCU includes signal transmission and signal data processing and identification two parts. The signal receiving antenna is connected with the signal capturing part, and the signal capturing part is connected with the signal transmission control part and the signal transmission part in the MCU. The signal transmission part receives digital data from the signal capturing part and control signal from the signal transmission control part, and is connected with the signal data processing and identification part. The signal data processing and identification part is connected with the instruction execution part. After the signal receiving antenna receives the wireless signal, the analog signal is transmitted to the signal conversion circuit. The signal conversion circuit includes signal capturing and signal transmission control two parts. The signal capturing part is connected with the signal transmission control part and the MCU, receives the analog signal from the signal receiving antenna, converts the analog signal into digital data and transmits the digital data to the MCU, and the signal capturing part also transmits the analog signal to the signal transmission control part. The signal transmission control part is connected with the signal capturing part, judges whether the currently captured signal meets the preset transmission requirement, and if the requirement is met, sends data transmission instruction to the MCU. The MCU chip is connected with the signal capturing part and the signal transmission control part, and the MCU includes signal transmission, signal data processing and identification parts. After the MCU receives the data transmission instruction, the data transmission is performed, the digital data is transmitted from the signal capturing part and saved, after the transmission is completed, the transmission data is classified and recognized by the data processing and identification part and the result is output, and the corresponding instruction is executed.

[0024] Figure 2 For the control end structure diagram of the present application. As shown in Figure 2 As shown in (a), the control end is a top view, wherein the gas discharge device is composed of two gas discharge electrodes and the gas gap between the electrodes, and the electrode of the friction nanogenerator is connected with the electrode of the gas discharge device to provide discharge energy for the gas discharge device. Therefore, the electrode of the friction nanogenerator can be combined with the gas discharge electrode to reduce the device volume of the control end and simplify the electrode manufacturing process. As shown in Figure 2-(b) shows that when the electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator is combined with the gas discharge electrode, the control end is composed of the triboelectric nanogenerator shell, the electrode and the air gap between the electrodes, and the electrode and the air gap are both wrapped and protected by the upper and lower triboelectric nanogenerator shells. The shell of the triboelectric nanogenerator constitutes the human-computer interaction interface of the control end, and materials harmless to the human body are required to be used for production. High molecular polymers generally have strong electronegativity, and fluoroplastics with good comprehensive performance such as insulation, wear resistance and smoothness can be used to ensure safety while obtaining higher output capacity of the triboelectric nanogenerator. The gas discharge device is responsible for generating wireless signals. When the user slides the triboelectric nanogenerator shell, a corresponding electromotive force will be generated on the electrode, and the discharge electrode will cause air breakdown discharge to generate wireless signals after obtaining enough energy. For example Figure 2 -(c) shows that the electrode of the gas discharge device has various shapes, and different shapes of electrodes will have different discharge processes when matched with each other, generating wireless signals with different characteristics, so that the control end can send various different control signals. Therefore, the shape of the electrode of the gas discharge device is relatively fixed; the electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator does not need a specific shape and can be designed into various different shapes under the condition of ensuring the area of the user interaction area. For example Figure 2 -(d) shows a design form of the control end, in which the electrode of the triboelectric nanogenerator is designed as a circular arc, and the discharge electrode is composed of different forms of electrode pairs such as triangular electrodes with different spacings, rectangular electrodes, triangular electrodes, triangular electrodes, triangular electrodes, needle-shaped electrodes, etc. to obtain the ability to generate various wireless signals.

[0025] Figure 3The host signal conversion circuit structure is shown. The host signal conversion circuit is composed of a signal receiving antenna, a signal capture part, and a signal transmission control part. The signal capture part includes an impedance matching circuit, a signal attenuation circuit, a protection circuit, an impedance conversion circuit, a signal amplification circuit, a differential conversion circuit, a voltage bias circuit, and a high-speed A / D converter. The signal receiving antenna is connected to the impedance matching circuit, which is connected to the signal attenuation circuit, which is connected to the protection circuit. The protection circuit is connected to the impedance conversion circuit, which is connected to the signal amplification circuit. The signal amplification circuit is connected to the differential conversion circuit or the voltage bias circuit, and then connected to the high-speed A / D converter. The high-speed A / D converter is connected to the data transmission part. The signal transmission control part is connected to the impedance matching circuit, the differential conversion circuit, or the voltage bias circuit. The signal receiving antenna is used to receive wireless signals generated by the control end. The signal capture part converts the received wireless signals from analog signals to digital signals and sends them to the data transmission part. The impedance matching circuit is composed of several resistance and capacitance elements, which are used to match the impedance of the signal receiving antenna and its transmission line. The overall impedance of the impedance matching circuit and its subsequent circuit should match the impedance of the signal receiving antenna and its transmission line. Impedance matching can keep the original waveform of the signal as much as possible during transmission without distortion. The signal attenuation circuit is also composed of several resistance and capacitance elements, which are used to attenuate the signal amplitude by a fixed ratio. Therefore, the impedance matching circuit and the signal attenuation circuit can be combined by reasonably selecting the impedance values of the impedance elements to reduce the number of circuit elements. The signal attenuation circuit transmits the attenuated signal to the protection circuit. The protection circuit is usually a clamping circuit composed of two stable voltage diodes, which is used to protect the subsequent circuit and ensure that the incoming signal amplitude does not exceed the voltage limit of the elements in the subsequent circuit while minimizing signal interference. The protection circuit detects the signal amplitude and limits the signal amplitude within a certain range of the voltage amplitude applied to the other end of the two stable voltage diodes when the signal amplitude exceeds the limit. The output of the protection circuit is connected to the impedance conversion circuit, which is usually composed of a voltage follower circuit with a gain of 1. It includes a low input bias current operational amplifier and several resistance elements. Since the operational amplifier has a very high input impedance, the impedance conversion circuit is used to isolate the front and rear circuits, so that the rear circuit does not affect the front circuit. The output of the impedance conversion circuit is connected to the signal amplification circuit, which is composed of a high-gain operational amplifier and several resistance elements, used for proportional amplification of the signal. The output of the signal amplification circuit is connected to the subsequent circuit, and the output signal amplitude cannot exceed the input voltage limit of the subsequent circuit. The subsequent circuit of the signal amplification circuit can be a voltage bias circuit or a differential conversion circuit.The voltage biasing circuit is composed of an operational amplifier, several resistors and a DC bias voltage source, which is used to add a DC bias voltage to the AC waveform so that the upper and lower limits of the amplitude of the AC waveform are within the working range of the high-speed A / D converter. The differential conversion circuit is composed of a differential operational amplifier chip, several resistors and a DC bias voltage source. The differential operational amplifier chip is mainly composed of two operational amplifiers, which is used to convert the single-ended signal into a differential signal and enhance the anti-interference ability of the circuit. When the differential operational amplifier chip converts the differential signal, it can add a DC bias voltage to the differential signal so that the amplitude of the final generated differential signal is within the working range of the high-speed A / D converter. The use of the differential conversion circuit can simultaneously obtain the anti-interference ability and the DC voltage biasing function, so it is not necessary to use the voltage biasing circuit again. The output of the circuit is connected to the high-speed A / D converter, which converts the analog signal into a digital signal, and the output is connected to the data transmission part. If it is necessary to improve the sampling rate, multiple high-speed A / D converters or multiple channels of a high-speed A / D converter can be used jointly. In this way, a clock signal with a fixed phase difference and equal division of a clock period needs to be provided for each conversion channel of the high-speed A / D converter, so that each conversion channel converts the analog signal into a digital signal in sequence, thereby obtaining a higher data conversion rate at a lower cost. The signal transmission control part is composed of an edge detector or an amplitude comparator and several resistors, which is used to control the start of signal data transmission only under appropriate conditions. The input signal can come from the output of the impedance matching circuit or the output of the biasing circuit, and the output is connected to the MCU chip. It detects the analog signal and sends a signal transmission request to the MCU chip when the valid signal condition is met.

[0026] Figure 4The host end data transmission part is shown. The host end data transmission part is composed of parallel data transmission interface, FIFO, MCU chip. The MCU includes DMA direct transmission part, timer generating PWM signal part, data storage part, data processing and identification part. The signal capture part, data transmission enable part are connected with the parallel data transmission interface, the parallel data transmission interface is connected with the DMA direct data transmission part of the MCU, and the FIFO part is added between the two according to the specific circuit design, the timer generating PWM signal part is connected with the DMA direct data transmission part, the DMA direct data transmission part is connected with the data storage part, and the data storage part is connected with the data processing and identification part. The parallel data transmission interface is connected with the output end of the high-speed A / D converter for parallel digital data transmission. The FIFO is a first-in first-out memory, which is used to match the output rate of the high-speed A / D converter data output end and the input rate of the MCU chip data input end. The input end is connected to the parallel data transmission interface of the high-speed A / D converter, the output end is connected to the MCU chip, and the clock end is connected to the output clock of the high-speed A / D converter. If the high-speed A / D converter does not provide the output clock, it is connected to the input clock of the high-speed A / D converter to synchronize the cache clock of the FIFO with the conversion clock of the high-speed A / D converter. Therefore, when the data transmission rate of the MCU chip is greater than or equal to the output rate of the high-speed A / D converter, the FIFO circuit can be omitted to save cost. If the FIFO circuit is set, the MCU chip and the FIFO chip are bidirectionally connected, wherein the MCU sends the cache enable instruction to the FIFO, and the FIFO sends the cache state information and digital data information to the MCU. When the MCU receives a signal transmission request, it sends a signal cache enable instruction to the FIFO, and when the FIFO sends a half-full flag to the MCU, it can start reading the data in the FIFO cache. If there is no FIFO circuit, the MCU chip is directly connected with the data output end of the high-speed A / D converter. When the MCU receives a signal transmission request, it reads data from the output end of the high-speed A / D converter. The DMA controller of the MCU is responsible for saving data from the input port of the MCU to the specified location of the memory of the MCU. Using DMA technology can save CPU resources for other task processing. There are usually multiple DMA controllers in the MCU. To make full use of MCU resources, multiple DMA controllers can be used for transmission at the same time to fully utilize the bus bandwidth. The data transmission request of the DMA controller is generated by the internal timer of the MCU. When multiple DMA controllers are used at the same time, multiple channels of the timer are used to sequentially deliver trigger signals to multiple DMA controllers in a timing period, so that multiple DMA controllers work sequentially, thereby realizing higher MCU data transmission rate.

[0027] Figure 5The host end data processing identification part is an algorithm part, which is processed by an MCU chip. The data processing identification program is composed of a data conversion program, a data early processing program, a neural network classification program and the like. The data processing identification program is processed by the MCU chip. The data processing identification program is composed of a data conversion program, a data early processing program, a neural network classification program and the like. The data transmission part is connected with the data conversion part, the data conversion part is connected with the data early processing part, the data early processing part is connected with the neural network classification part, the Embedding layer in the neural network classification part is connected with the GRU layer, the GRU layer is connected with N full connection layers, the N full connection layers are connected with the softmax output layer, the softmax output layer is connected to the classification result output part, and the classification result output part is connected to the instruction execution part. The data conversion part converts the digital data written in the memory by the data transmission part into corresponding real values by the output format of the high-speed A / D converter. The conversion relationship between the logical value and the real value of the data needs to be determined according to the scaling ratio of the front-end circuit. The data early processing program is responsible for early processing of the converted data, such as adjusting the data order to the required order of the neural network, normalizing the data and the like. The data processed by the data early processing program is sent to the neural network for classification and identification. Since the operation capacity of the MCU is weak, using the MCU to train the neural network not only consumes a long time, but also has poor effect. Therefore, the MCU is only responsible for the forward transmission operation of the neural network, and the neural network training is responsible for the host computer or the server with strong operation capacity, and then the trained neural network model is transplanted to the MCU. Since the waveform information of the wireless signal belongs to a kind of time series data, an RNN model can be selected for feature extraction. Commonly used RNN models are LSTM model and GRU model. In the RNN type neural network model, the RNN network training effect is poor, the LSTM network training effect is slightly stronger than the GRU network, but in the case that the training effects are close, the GRU network has fewer parameters. The memory space of the embedded MCU is extremely limited, and the GRU network with fewer parameters is relatively more suitable for deployment on the embedded MCU end. Therefore, the neural network structure is composed of an Embedding layer, a GRU layer, a full connection layer and an output layer. The data is sequentially subjected to feature extraction operation by each network layer, and finally the classification result is output by the output layer. Then, the MCU executes corresponding instruction actions according to the neural network program classification result.

[0028] The technical means disclosed in the scheme of the application is not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments, but also includes technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims

1. A wireless self-powered controller device based on a frictional nanogenerator, consisting of two parts of a control end and a host end; characterized in that: The control terminal is composed of a friction nanogenerator and a gas discharge device, wherein the friction nanogenerator is connected with the gas discharge device, and the gas discharge device is responsible for generating a characteristic wireless signal; The user interacts with the friction nanogenerator, and the friction nanogenerator is used to collect part of the energy transferred by the user during the interaction with the control terminal; the friction nanogenerator is connected with the gas discharge device, and is used to supply power to the gas discharge device; After the user performs a sliding interaction incentive, the control terminal controls the gas discharge by using the output energy of the friction nanogenerator and generates a characteristic wireless signal in the process; the host terminal is composed of a signal receiving antenna, a signal conversion circuit and an MCU chip, wherein the signal conversion circuit includes a signal capturing part and a signal transmission control part, and the MCU includes a signal transmission part and a signal data processing and identification part; the signal receiving antenna is connected with the signal capturing part, and the signal capturing part is connected with the signal transmission control part and the signal transmission part in the MCU; the signal transmission part receives digital data from the signal capturing part and control signals from the signal transmission control part, and is connected with the signal data processing and identification part; and the signal data processing and identification part is connected with an instruction execution part; after the signal receiving antenna receives a wireless signal, an analog signal is transmitted to the signal conversion circuit; The signal conversion circuit includes a signal capturing part and a signal transmission control part; the signal capturing part is connected with the signal transmission control part and the MCU, receives an analog signal from the signal receiving antenna, converts the analog signal into digital data and transmits the digital data to the MCU, and also transmits the analog signal to the signal transmission control part; the signal transmission control part is connected with the signal capturing part, judges whether the currently captured signal meets the preset transmission requirement, and sends a data transmission instruction to the MCU if the requirement is met; the MCU chip is connected with the signal capturing part and the signal transmission control part, and includes a signal transmission part and a signal data processing and identification part; after receiving the data transmission instruction, the MCU performs data transmission, transmits digital data from the signal capturing part and saves the digital data, classifies and identifies the transmission data by the data processing and identification part after the transmission is completed, outputs a result and executes a corresponding instruction; wherein the gas discharge device is composed of two gas discharge electrodes and a gas gap between the electrodes, the electrodes of the friction nanogenerator are connected with the electrodes of the gas discharge device to provide discharge energy for the gas discharge device; the electrodes of the friction nanogenerator are combined with the gas discharge electrodes to form the control terminal, which is composed of a friction nanogenerator shell, electrodes and a gas gap between the electrodes, wherein the electrodes and the gas gap are protected by the upper and lower friction nanogenerator shells; the shell of the friction nanogenerator forms a human-computer interaction interface of the control terminal, and the gas discharge device is responsible for generating a wireless signal; when the user performs a sliding operation on the shell of the friction nanogenerator, a corresponding electromotive force is generated on the electrodes, and the discharge electrodes obtain sufficient energy to cause air breakdown discharge to generate a wireless signal; The data processing and identification part of the host terminal is an algorithm part, which is processed by the MCU chip. The data processing identification program is composed of a data conversion program, a data preprocessing program and a neural network classification program; the data transmission part is connected with the data conversion part, the data conversion part is connected with the data preprocessing part, and the data preprocessing part is connected with the neural network classification part.

2. The wireless self-powered controller device based on the frictional nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrodes of the gas discharge device have various shapes, and different shapes of electrodes will have different discharge processes when matched with each other, generating wireless signals with different characteristics, so that the control end can send various different control signals, and therefore the shape of the electrode of the gas discharge device is relatively fixed; the electrode of the friction nanometer generator does not need a specific shape, and can be designed into various different shapes under the condition of ensuring the area of the user interaction area, and therefore the electrode of the gas discharge device and the electrode of the friction nanometer generator can be designed into different styles according to the application situation when combined. 3.The wireless self-powered controller device based on the friction nanogenerator of claim 2, wherein: The electrode of the friction nanometer generator is designed into a circular arc shape, and the discharge electrode is respectively composed of triangular electrodes with different spacings, rectangular electrodes, triangular electrodes, triangular electrodes, triangular electrodes, needle-shaped electrodes or different forms of electrode pairs to obtain the generation ability of various wireless signals. 4.The wireless self-powered controller device based on the friction nanogenerator of claim 2, wherein: The shell of the friction nanometer generator can adopt fluoroplastic such as PTFE, FEP material or silicone rubber material. 5.The wireless self-powered controller device based on the friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein: The signal capture part includes an impedance matching circuit, a signal attenuation circuit, a protection circuit, an impedance conversion circuit, a signal amplification circuit, a differential conversion circuit, a voltage bias circuit and a high-speed A / D converter; the signal receiving antenna is connected with the impedance matching circuit, the impedance matching circuit is connected with the signal attenuation circuit, the signal attenuation circuit is connected with the protection circuit, the protection circuit is connected with the impedance conversion circuit, the impedance conversion circuit is connected with the signal amplification circuit, and the signal amplification circuit is connected with the differential conversion circuit or the voltage bias circuit according to the specific circuit design, and then the signal amplification circuit is connected with the high-speed A / D converter; the high-speed A / D converter is connected with the data transmission part, and the signal transmission control part is connected with the impedance matching circuit or the differential conversion circuit or the voltage bias circuit according to the specific circuit design; the signal receiving antenna is used for receiving the wireless signal generated by the control end; the signal capture part is used for converting the received wireless signal into a digital signal and sending the digital signal to the data transmission part; the impedance matching circuit is composed of a plurality of resistance and capacitance elements, and is used for impedance matching of the signal receiving antenna and its transmission line; the overall impedance of the impedance matching circuit and the subsequent circuit should match the impedance of the signal receiving antenna and its transmission line; the signal attenuation circuit is composed of a plurality of resistance and capacitance elements, and is used for fixed-proportion attenuation of the signal amplitude and transmission of the attenuated signal to the protection circuit; The protection circuit is composed of a clamping circuit formed by a voltage stabilizing diode, which is used to protect the rear circuit and ensure that the amplitude of the incoming signal does not exceed the voltage limit of each element of the rear circuit while minimizing the interference to the signal; the protection circuit detects the signal amplitude and limits the signal amplitude within a safe range; the output of the protection circuit is connected to the impedance conversion circuit, which is usually composed of a voltage follower circuit with a gain of 1, which includes a low input bias current operational amplifier and several resistance elements, used to isolate the front and rear circuits, so that the rear circuit does not affect the front circuit; the output of the impedance conversion circuit is connected to the signal amplification circuit, which is composed of a high-gain operational amplifier and several resistance elements, used for proportional amplification of the signal; the output of the signal amplification circuit is connected to the rear circuit, and the output signal amplitude cannot exceed the input voltage limit of the rear circuit; the rear circuit of the signal amplification circuit can select a voltage bias circuit or a differential conversion circuit; the voltage bias circuit is composed of an operational amplifier, several resistors, and a DC bias voltage source, which is used to add a DC bias voltage to the AC waveform, so that the upper and lower limits of the amplitude of the AC waveform are within the working range of the high-speed A / D converter; the differential conversion circuit is composed of a differential operational amplifier chip, several resistors, and a DC bias voltage source, which is used to convert single-ended signals into differential signals and increase the anti-interference ability of the circuit; when converting single-ended signals into differential signals, a DC bias voltage can also be added to the differential signals, so that the amplitude of the finally generated differential signals is within the working range of the high-speed A / D converter; if the differential conversion circuit is used, the anti-interference ability and DC voltage bias function can be obtained at the same time, without the need to use the voltage bias circuit again; the output of this part of the circuit is connected to the high-speed A / D converter, which is used for converting analog signals to digital signals, and its output is connected to the MCU chip; multiple high-speed A / D converters or multiple channels of a high-speed A / D converter are used together to provide a clock signal with a fixed phase difference and equal division of a clock period for each conversion channel of the high-speed A / D converter, so as to obtain higher data conversion rate at lower cost; the signal transmission control part is composed of an edge detector or amplitude comparator and several resistors, which is used to control the start of signal data transmission only under appropriate conditions; its input signal comes from the output of the impedance matching circuit or from the output of the bias circuit, and its output is connected to the MCU chip; It detects the analog signal and sends a signal transmission request to the MCU chip when the preset condition is met. 6.The wireless self-powered controller device based on the friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein: The host data transmission part is composed of a parallel data transmission interface, a FIFO and an MCU chip; the MCU includes a DMA direct transmission part, a timer for generating a PWM signal part, a data storage part, a data processing and identification part; the signal capture part, the data transmission enable part are connected with the parallel data transmission interface, the parallel data transmission interface is connected with the DMA direct data transmission part of the MCU, and a FIFO part is added between the two according to the specific circuit design, the timer for generating a PWM signal part is connected with the DMA direct data transmission part, the DMA direct data transmission part is connected with the data storage part, and the data storage part is connected with the data processing and identification part; the parallel data transmission interface is connected with the output end of a high-speed A / D converter for parallel digital data transmission; the FIFO is a first-in first-out memory, the input end thereof is connected with the parallel data transmission interface of the high-speed A / D converter, the output end thereof is connected with the MCU chip, and the clock end thereof is connected with the output clock of the high-speed A / D converter, or connected with the input clock of the high-speed A / D converter if the high-speed A / D converter does not provide the output clock, so that the cache clock of the FIFO is synchronized with the conversion clock of the high-speed A / D converter. 7.The wireless self-powered controller device based on the friction nanogenerator of claim 6, wherein: The FIFO is used to match the output rate of the high-speed A / D converter with the input rate of the MCU chip, and the FIFO circuit can be omitted to save cost when the data input rate of the MCU chip is greater than or equal to the output rate of the high-speed A / D converter; if the FIFO circuit exists, the MCU chip and the FIFO chip are bidirectionally connected, the MCU sends a cache enable instruction to the FIFO, the FIFO sends cache state information and digital data information to the MCU; when the MCU receives a signal transmission request, the MCU sends a signal cache enable instruction to the FIFO, and starts reading the data in the FIFO cache when the FIFO sends a half-full flag; if the FIFO circuit does not exist, the MCU chip is directly connected with the data output end of the high-speed A / D converter; when the MCU receives a signal transmission request, the MCU reads the data from the output end of the high-speed A / D converter; the DMA controller of the MCU is responsible for saving the data from the input port of the MCU to the specified position of the memory of the MCU, which can save CPU resources for other task processing; there are usually multiple DMA controllers in the MCU, and multiple DMA controllers can be used for transmission at the same time to fully utilize the bus bandwidth; the trigger request of the DMA controller is generated by the internal timer of the MCU, and multiple channels of the timer can be used to sequentially transmit trigger signals to multiple DMA controllers in a timing cycle, so that multiple DMA controllers work sequentially to achieve a higher MCU data transmission rate. 8.The wireless self-powered controller device based on the friction nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein: Among them, the embedding layer in the neural network classification part is connected with the GRU layer, the GRU layer is connected with N full connection layers, the N full connection layers are connected with the softmax output layer, the softmax output layer is connected to the classification result output part, and the classification result output part is connected to the instruction execution part; the digital data written by the data transmission part into the memory is converted into the corresponding true value by the output format of the high-speed A / D converter, and the conversion relationship between the logical value and the true value of the data is determined by the scaling ratio of the front-end circuit; the data pre-processing program is responsible for pre-processing the converted data; the data processed by the data pre-processing program is sent into the neural network for classification and recognition; for time sequence information, an RNN type neural network model is selected to process the time sequence data; after the neural network classification program calculates the classification result, the MCU executes the corresponding instruction action.

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