Radio frequency front-end circuit and electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides an electric field, and particularly relates to a radio frequency front-end circuit and electronic equipment. The radio frequency front-end circuit comprises a radio frequency front-end module and a first isolation element. Wherein, the radio frequency front-end module comprises a PA, an LNA and a switch, the PA is connected in series between a first integrated port and a second integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module. The LNA is connected in series between a third integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module and a first port of the switch. A second port of the switch is electrically connected with a fourth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module. A common port of the switch is electrically connected with a fifth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module, and the fifth integrated port is used for being electrically connected with an antenna module. A first port of the isolation element is electrically connected with the second integrated port, a second port of the isolation element is electrically connected with the fourth integrated port, and the first port of the isolation element is unidirectionally conducted to the second port of the isolation element. In the layout design, the performance of the radio frequency front-end circuit will not be deteriorated due to the increase of the isolation element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical engineering, and more particularly to a radio frequency front-end circuit and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, electromagnetic waves with frequencies below 100kHz are absorbed by the Earth's surface and cannot achieve effective transmission. Electromagnetic waves with frequencies above 100kHz can propagate through the air and be reflected by the ionosphere at the outer edge of the atmosphere, enabling long-distance transmission. These high-frequency electromagnetic waves with long-distance transmission capabilities are called radio frequency (RF). In electronic devices, the transmitted electrical signals have lower frequencies, at most a few hundred kHz, such as voice signals. To transmit these low-frequency signals, the RF module within the electronic device needs to modulate the electrical signals from low frequencies to a designated high-frequency band, such as the 900MHz band for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), the 1.9GHz band for Long Term Evolution (LTE), and the 3.5GHz band for Fifth Generation (5G).

[0003] In radio frequency (RF) modules, the electrical signal, after modulation, has relatively low power and needs to be amplified by a power amplifier (PA) to obtain sufficient power before being sent to the antenna module for external transmission. PAs based on the Doherty architecture are widely used in RF modules due to their advantages such as low power consumption, high efficiency, and good linearity. However, Doherty-based PAs achieve their efficient amplification through active load pulling; therefore, they are sensitive to load. Isolation components are needed between the PA and the antenna module to prevent the PA's output load from affecting its performance. In electronic devices, how to design the placement of these isolation components without introducing additional insertion losses is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a radio frequency front-end circuit and electronic device. By adding isolation components to the radio frequency front-end circuit, the PA is not affected by the output load, maintaining good PA performance and not introducing additional insertion loss.

[0005] In a first aspect, a radio frequency (RF) front-end circuit is provided, comprising: an RF front-end module and a first isolation element; wherein the RF front-end module includes a first power amplifier (PA), a first low-noise amplifier (LNA), and a first switch; the first PA is connected in series between a first integrated port and a second integrated port of the RF front-end module; the first LNA is connected in series between a third integrated port of the RF front-end module and a first port of the first switch; a second port of the first switch is electrically connected to a fourth integrated port of the RF front-end module; a common port of the first switch is electrically connected to a fifth integrated port of the RF front-end module, the fifth integrated port being used for electrical connection to an antenna module; a first port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the second integrated port, and a second port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port, wherein the first port of the first isolation element is unidirectionally conductive to the second port of the first isolation element.

[0006] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first isolation element is added between the first switch and the first PA. Utilizing the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the first isolation element, the output load of the first PA is unaffected by the back-end circuitry, maintaining a constant output load and thus exhibiting good operating performance. Simultaneously, the number of switches is not increased, avoiding the introduction of additional insertion losses and ensuring that the performance of the RF front-end circuit is not degraded by the addition of the isolation element. Furthermore, since the first PA, first LNA, and first switch are integrated into the RF front-end module, the area occupied by the layout of the first PA, first LNA, and first switch is reduced, while simultaneously reducing the number of packaging and testing steps for electronic components, effectively lowering costs.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the radio frequency front-end circuit further includes a radio frequency chip; the radio frequency chip includes a transmit port and a receive port; the transmit port is electrically connected to a first integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module, and the receive port is electrically connected to a third integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module.

[0008] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the radio frequency chip can be used to modulate and demodulate radio frequency signals, and can upconvert (increase the frequency of radio frequency signals) and downconvert (decrease the frequency of radio frequency signals) radio frequency signals.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first isolation element is a circulator or an isolator.

[0010] According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, both isolators and circulators can be used as the first isolation element. The difference is that an isolator is an isolation element with two ports, while a circulator is an isolation element with three ports. In the RF front-end circuit, only two of the ports can be used. Alternatively, the first isolation element can also be other isolation elements with more than or equal to two ports, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the front-end module further includes a first filter; the first filter is connected in series between the first integrated port and the first PA.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the front-end module further includes a second filter; the second filter is connected in series between the first LNA and the first port of the first switch.

[0013] According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the number and position of filters can be adjusted according to actual design requirements. This application does not impose any restrictions on this. For example, the RF front-end circuit may include only one filter, which can be connected in series between the first LNA and the third integrated port.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the common terminal of the first switch includes a first common port and a second common port; the first common port is used for electrical connection with the first antenna element in the antenna module; and the second common port is used for electrical connection with the second antenna element in the antenna module.

[0015] According to the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first switch can switch the antenna unit according to different environments (e.g., the user's hand posture or the user's position relative to the antenna unit), selecting the antenna unit with better performance for signal transmission and reception. For example, when the user holds the first antenna unit and the radiation performance of the first antenna unit is poor, the second antenna unit can be selected for signal transmission and reception. In this case, the second common port is electrically connected to the second port and the first port in the time slot corresponding to the transmitted signal and the time slot corresponding to the received signal, respectively.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the radio frequency front-end circuit further includes a second isolation element; wherein the radio frequency front-end module further includes a second power PA, a second LNA, and a second switch; the second PA is connected in series between the sixth and seventh integrated ports of the radio frequency front-end module; the second LNA is connected in series between the eighth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module and the first port of the second switch; the second port of the second switch is electrically connected to the ninth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module; the common port of the second switch is electrically connected to the tenth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module, the tenth integrated port being used for electrical connection with an antenna module; the first port of the second isolation element is electrically connected to the seventh integrated port, the second port of the second isolation element is electrically connected to the ninth integrated port, and the first port of the second isolation element is unidirectionally connected to the second port of the second isolation element.

[0017] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the radio frequency front-end circuit may include multiple transmit channels and multiple receive channels. The multiple transmit channels (or multiple receive channels) may operate at the same frequency, for example, in an input-output system, or they may operate at different frequencies.

[0018] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising the radio frequency front-end circuit described in any one of the first aspects.

[0019] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes an antenna module; the fifth integrated port is electrically connected to the antenna module.

[0020] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device is a router.

[0021] Thirdly, a radio frequency (RF) front-end module and a first isolation element are provided; wherein the RF front-end module includes a first power amplifier (PA), a first low-voltage receiver (LNA), and a first switch; the first PA is connected in series between a first integrated port and a second integrated port of the RF front-end module; the first LNA is connected in series between a third integrated port of the RF front-end module and a first port of the first switch; a second port of the first switch is electrically connected to a fourth integrated port of the RF front-end module, and the fourth integrated port is grounded; a common port of the first switch is electrically connected to a fifth integrated port of the RF front-end module; a first port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the second integrated port, a second port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port, and a third port of the first isolation element is used for electrical connection to an antenna module; the first port of the first isolation element is unidirectionally conductive to the third port of the first isolation element, and the third port of the first isolation element is unidirectionally conductive to the second port of the first isolation element.

[0022] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the radio frequency front-end circuit further includes a radio frequency chip; the radio frequency chip includes a transmit port and a receive port; the transmit port is electrically connected to a first integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module, and the receive port is electrically connected to a third integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module.

[0023] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, when the first integrated port receives a radio frequency signal, the common port of the first switch is electrically connected to the second port of the first switch.

[0024] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first isolation element is a circulator.

[0025] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the front-end module further includes a first filter; the first filter is connected in series between the first integrated port and the first PA.

[0026] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the front-end module further includes a second filter; the second filter is connected in series between the first LNA and the first port of the first switch.

[0027] In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the radio frequency front-end circuit further includes a first isolation element;

[0028] The RF front-end module further includes a second PA, a second LNA, and a second switch. The second PA is connected in series between the sixth and seventh integrated ports of the RF front-end module. The second LNA is connected in series between the eighth integrated port of the RF front-end module and the first port of the second switch. The second port of the second switch is electrically connected to the ninth integrated port of the RF front-end module, and the ninth integrated port is grounded. The common port of the second switch is electrically connected to the tenth integrated port of the RF front-end module. The first port of the second isolation element is electrically connected to the seventh integrated port, the second port of the second isolation element is electrically connected to the tenth integrated port, and the third port of the second isolation element is used for electrical connection to the antenna module. The first port of the second isolation element is unidirectionally conductive to the third port of the second isolation element, and the third port of the second isolation element is unidirectionally conductive to the second port of the second isolation element.

[0029] Fourthly, an electronic device is provided, comprising the radio frequency front-end circuit described in any one of the third aspects.

[0030] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the electronic device further includes an antenna module; the third port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the antenna module.

[0031] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the electronic device is a router. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency front-end circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency front-end circuit 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a front-end module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency front-end circuit 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a front-end module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency front-end circuit 500 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a front-end module provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 14This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0048] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0049] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0050] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0053] It should be understood that, Figure 1The illustrated electronic device is a smartphone. In this application embodiment, the electronic device can refer to a tablet computer, laptop computer, customer premises equipment (CPE), router, smart bracelet, smartwatch, smart helmet, smart glasses, etc. The electronic device can also be a cellular phone, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle device, electronic device in a 5G network, or electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., and this application embodiment is not limited to these. The technical solution provided in this application embodiment is applicable to electronic devices employing one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and other future communication technologies, etc.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 may be a glass cover, but it may also be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) cover, etc.

[0055] The cover plate 13 can be set close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used to protect the display module 15 from dust.

[0056] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application does not limit it.

[0057] The middle frame 19 mainly serves to support the entire machine. Figure 1 The diagram shows PCB 17 positioned between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 17 may also be positioned between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this application does not impose any limitations on this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric, Rogers dielectric, or a hybrid dielectric of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer may be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. This metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, or for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer can be called a ground plane, grounding layer, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any dielectric layer in PCB 17. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer can be located on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered as the edge of its ground plane. In one embodiment, the metal frame 19 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other ground planes / grounding layers, as previously described, and will not be repeated here.

[0058] The electronic device 10 may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this application does not impose any limitations on this. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be disposed between the motherboard and the daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0059] The electronic device 10 may also include a bezel 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The bezel 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help secure the display module 15. In one implementation, the bezel 11 made of metal can be directly used as the metal bezel of the electronic device 10, forming a metal bezel appearance suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic bezel, forming a non-metallic bezel appearance suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0060] The middle frame 19 may include the frame 11. The middle frame 19, including the frame 11, is a single unit that supports the electronic components in the device. The cover plate 13 and the rear cover 21 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the frame to form the housing of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, and / or the middle frame 19 may be collectively referred to as the housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "housing" may refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19, or to part or all of any combination of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0061] The back cover 21 can be made of metal or non-conductive material, such as glass or plastic.

[0062] Figure 1 The electronic device 10 is shown only schematically, and the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0063] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the side where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front, the side where the back cover is located as the back, and the side where the frame is located as the side.

[0064] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, the electronic device may include an application processor (AP), a baseband module, a digital-to-analog converter, a radio frequency module, and an antenna module.

[0066] An application processor can run an open operating system and various applications running on top of it, and is responsible for the overall system control. During signal transmission, the application processor can transmit digital signals, such as voice signals, to the baseband module.

[0067] The baseband module can be used to encode and modulate received digital signals. For example, in the process of transmitting electrical signals to the outside, the baseband module encodes and modulates them to make the information in the digital signal occupy less space and to resist interference and attenuation in the channel, thereby improving link performance.

[0068] A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) can be used to convert digital signals output from the baseband module into analog signals for processing by the radio frequency (RF) module. Alternatively, it can convert analog signals output from the RF module into digital signals for processing by the baseband module.

[0069] Radio frequency (RF) modules can be used to modulate the frequency of received electrical signals and amplify their power. For example, in the process of transmitting electrical signals to the outside world, the RF module modulates the analog signal from a low frequency to a specified high frequency band, making it an RF signal that can be transmitted through the air, and amplifies the power of the RF signal to meet communication requirements.

[0070] The antenna module can be used to transmit radio frequency signals processed by the radio frequency module to the outside, or to receive external electromagnetic wave signals and transmit them to the radio frequency module.

[0071] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency front-end circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. The radio frequency front-end circuit can be... Figure 2 The part of the radio frequency module shown is near the antenna module.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the radio frequency front-end circuit may include a radio frequency chip (RF IC) and a radio frequency front-end module (FEM).

[0073] The radio frequency (RF) chip is used to modulate and demodulate RF signals, performing up-conversion (increasing the frequency of the RF signal) and down-conversion (decreasing the frequency of the RF signal). The RF front-end module can include a power amplifier (PA), a low-noise amplifier (LNA), and switches. Integrating the PA, LNA, and switches within the RF front-end module reduces their footprint, effectively improving circuit integration. Furthermore, it transforms the separate packaging and testing of the PA, LNA, and switches into a unified packaging and testing process within the same module, reducing the three-stage packaging and testing process to a single-stage process, effectively lowering packaging and testing costs.

[0074] A power amplifier (PA) can be installed on the transmit channel to amplify the power of the transmitted radio frequency (RF) signal. An antenna amplifier (LNA) can be installed on the receive channel to amplify the power of the RF signal received by the antenna module. A switch can be used to switch the RF channel (transmit channel or receive channel) connected to the antenna module in different time slots.

[0075] exist Figure 3 The different electrical connection states of the switch (switching the antenna module to the transmit channel or the receive channel) shown enable the RF front-end circuit to operate in a time-division dual (TDD) communication system. For example, in the time slot corresponding to the transmit signal, the switch switches to the transmit channel, electrically connecting the transmit channel and the antenna module, and the RF signal is transmitted to the antenna module through the transmit channel and radiated externally. Alternatively, in the time slot corresponding to the receive signal, the switch switches to the receive channel, electrically connecting the receive channel and the antenna module, and the RF signal received by the antenna module is transmitted to the RF chip for processing through the receive channel.

[0076] In the transmit channel of an RF front-end circuit, the power amplifier (PA) amplifies the RF signal to meet communication requirements. PAs based on the Doherty architecture offer advantages such as low power consumption, high efficiency, and good linearity, making them suitable for use in RF modules. However, because this type of PA achieves its amplification function through active load pulling, it is highly sensitive to load. Therefore, isolation components are needed between the PA and the antenna module to prevent the PA's output load (e.g., the matching circuit in the antenna module) from affecting its performance. Since isolation components are typically made of magnetic materials, while the PA is a semiconductor material, they cannot be integrated into the same package.

[0077] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0078] like Figure 4 As shown, in Figure 3 Based on the RF front-end circuit shown, an isolation element can be added between the RF front-end module and the antenna module. Taking the clockwise sequential conduction between multiple ports of the isolation element as an example (port 1 conducts unidirectionally to port 2, port 2 conducts unidirectionally to port 3, and port 3 conducts unidirectionally to port 1).

[0079] exist Figure 4In the illustrated RF front-end circuit, the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the isolation element isolates the PA from the antenna module, preventing it from being affected by the load within the antenna module. Simultaneously, in this RF front-end circuit layout, since the antenna module is electrically connected to the common port of switch 1, the transmit and receive channels in the RF front-end module are switched by switch 1, allowing the transmit and receive channels to be electrically connected to the antenna module in different time slots. However, due to the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the isolation element, switch 1 only has one common port, which needs to be electrically connected to ports 1 and 3 of the isolation element in different time slots. Therefore, switch 2 needs to be placed between the RF front-end module and the isolation element so that the common port of switch 1 can be electrically connected to ports 1 and 3 of the isolation element in different time slots, thus enabling this RF front-end circuit to operate in a TDD communication system.

[0080] Therefore, in Figure 4 In the RF front-end circuit shown, due to the additional addition of switch 2, compared to Figure 3 The RF front-end circuit shown adds 1dB to 2dB of insertion loss, which degrades the performance of the RF front-end circuit. At the same time, due to the addition of switch 2, the layout area of ​​the RF front-end circuit is too large, which is not conducive to miniaturization.

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown, it is possible to Figure 4 A switch 3 is added to the RF front-end circuit shown to connect the isolation element in series with the transmit channel. However, the addition of switch 3 further increases the insertion loss of the RF front-end circuit, degrading its performance and requiring a larger layout area.

[0082] This application provides an RF front-end circuit and electronic device. By adding isolation components to the RF front-end circuit, the power amplifier (PA) is unaffected by the output load, maintaining good PA performance. Simultaneously, it avoids increasing the number of switches, preventing the introduction of additional insertion losses, and ensuring that the performance of the RF front-end circuit does not deteriorate due to the addition of isolation components.

[0083] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency front-end circuit 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0084] like Figure 6 As shown, the radio frequency front-end circuit 100 may include a radio frequency front-end module 110 and an isolation element 120.

[0085] The RF front-end module 110 may include PA111 and LNA112. One end of PA111 is electrically connected to the first integrated port 101 of the RF front-end module 110, and the other end is electrically connected to the second integrated port 102 of the RF front-end module 110. PA111 is connected in series between the first integrated port 101 and the second integrated port 102. One end of LNA112 is electrically connected to the third integrated port 103 of the RF front-end module 110, and the other end is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port 104 of the RF front-end module 110. LNA112 is connected in series between the third integrated port 103 and the fourth integrated port 104. The first port 121 of the isolation element 120 is electrically connected to the second integrated port 102, the second port 122 of the isolation element 120 is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port 104, and the third port 123 of the isolation element 120 is used for electrical connection with the antenna module 200. The first port 121 of the isolation element 120 is unidirectionally connected to the third port 123 of the isolation element, and the third port 123 of the isolation element 120 is unidirectionally connected to the second port 122 of the isolation element.

[0086] exist Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, an isolation element is added to the RF front-end circuit. Utilizing the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the isolation element, the output load of PA111 is unaffected by the back-end circuitry (e.g., the matching circuit in the antenna module or other loads between the isolation element and the antenna module). The output load of PA111 (the load impedance of PA111's output port, e.g., impedance, capacitive reactance, or inductive reactance) remains constant, resulting in good operating performance. Simultaneously, without increasing the number of switches, the RF front-end circuit does not introduce additional insertion losses due to the isolation element, thus preventing performance degradation. Furthermore, since PA111 and LNA112 are integrated into the RF front-end module 110, the area occupied by the PA111 and LNA112 layout is reduced, improving the integration density of the RF front-end module 110.

[0087] During the signal transmission process of the electronic device, the first integrated port 101 of the RF front-end module 110 receives the first RF signal. After passing through PA 111, the power of the first RF signal is amplified, and then transmitted to the first port 121 of the isolation element via the second integrated port 102. Since the first port 121 of the isolation element 120 is unidirectionally conductive, the first RF signal is transmitted to the antenna module 200 via the third port 123 of the isolation element 120, and then radiated to the outside by the antenna module 200.

[0088] During signal reception by the electronic device, the antenna module 200 receives the radiated electromagnetic waves and converts them into a second radio frequency (RF) signal, which is then transmitted to the third port 123 of the isolation element. Since the third port 123 of the isolation element 120 is unidirectionally conductive, the second RF signal is transmitted via the second port 122 of the isolation element 120 to the fourth integrated port 104 of the RF front-end module 110. After passing through the LNA 112, the power of the second RF signal is amplified, and it is then transmitted via the third integrated port 103 to other parts of the RF module for processing.

[0089] It should be understood that "unidirectional conduction" in the above embodiments can be interpreted as having virtually no insertion loss or very low insertion loss (e.g., less than 0.5dB) when the electrical signal is transmitted in the forward direction, while generating significant insertion loss (e.g., more than 10dB, with power attenuation of more than 90%) when the electrical signal is transmitted in the reverse direction. For example, unidirectional conduction from the first port 121 to the third port 123 of the isolation element 120 can be understood as the electrical signal being normally transmitted to the third port 123 when input from the first port 121. In the following embodiments, "unidirectional conduction" can also be understood accordingly. However, because the first port 121 of the isolation element 120 is unidirectionally connected to the third port 123, when the electrical signal is input from the third port 123, it is transmitted in the reverse direction to the first port 121. The electrical signal acquired by the first port 121 experiences a significant power attenuation due to the insertion loss generated during the reverse transmission in the isolation element 120.

[0090] In one embodiment, the RF front-end circuit 100 may further include an RF chip 130. The RF chip 130 includes a transmit port 131 and a receive port 132. The transmit port 131 is electrically connected to a first integrated port 101, and the receive port 132 is electrically connected to a third integrated port 103. During the transmission of a first RF signal, the RF chip 130 can modulate the frequency of the first RF signal, up-converting it to a frequency required for communication. During the reception of a second RF signal, the RF chip 130 can demodulate the frequency of the second RF signal, down-converting it to a frequency required for processing by the remaining parts of the RF module.

[0091] In one embodiment, the radio frequency chip 130 may be a modem.

[0092] In one embodiment, the isolation element 120 may be a circulator, or it may be other isolation elements with three or more ports, which is not limited in this application.

[0093] In one embodiment, the RF front-end module 110 further includes a first filter 113, such as Figure 7As shown. The first filter 113 is connected in series between the first integrated port 101 and PA111. The first filter 113 can be used to filter out out-of-band spurious signals of the first radio frequency signal input to PA111, so as to improve the working efficiency of PA111.

[0094] In one embodiment, the RF front-end module 110 further includes a second filter 114, such as Figure 7 As shown. The second filter 114 is connected in series between the LNA 112 and the fourth integrated port 104. The second filter 114 can be used to filter out out-of-band spurious signals of the second radio frequency signal received by the antenna module, so as to improve the working efficiency of the LNA 112.

[0095] Meanwhile, by integrating the first filter 113 and the second filter 114 into the front-end module 110, the area occupied by the layout of the first filter 113 and the second filter 114 is reduced, thereby improving the integration of the RF front-end module 110.

[0096] It should be understood that in the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the number and position of filters can be adjusted according to actual design requirements, and this application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, the RF front-end circuit may include only one filter, which can be connected in series between LNA112 and the third integrated port 103. The RF front-end module 110 may also include other electronic components to further improve the integration of the RF front-end module 110, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0097] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency front-end circuit 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0098] like Figure 8 As shown, the radio frequency front-end circuit 300 may include a radio frequency front-end module 310 and an isolation element 320.

[0099] The RF front-end module 310 may include a PA311, an LNA312, and a switch 313. One end of the PA311 is electrically connected to the first integrated port 301 of the RF front-end module 310, and the other end is electrically connected to the second integrated port 302 of the RF front-end module 310. The PA311 is connected in series between the first integrated port 301 and the second integrated port 302. One end of the LNA312 is electrically connected to the third integrated port 303 of the RF front-end module 310, and the other end is electrically connected to the first port 3131 of the switch 313. The LNA312 is connected in series between the third integrated port 303 and the first port 3131 of the switch 313. The second port 3132 of the switch 313 is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port 304 of the RF integrated module 310. The common port 3133 of the switch 313 is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port 305 of the RF front-end module 310. The fifth integrated port 305 is used for electrical connection with the antenna module 400. Switch 313 can be used to switch the electrical connection between common port 3133 and first port 3131 or second port 3132. First port 321 of isolation element 320 is electrically connected to second integrated port 302, and second port 322 of isolation element 320 is electrically connected to fourth integrated port 304. First port 321 of isolation element 320 conducts unidirectionally to second port 322 of isolation element 320.

[0100] exist Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, an isolation element is added between switch 313 and PA311. Utilizing the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the isolation element, the output load of PA311 is unaffected by back-end circuitry (e.g., the matching circuit in the antenna module or other loads between the isolation element and the antenna module), maintaining a constant output load and thus exhibiting good operating performance. Simultaneously, with Figure 4 (or Figure 5 Compared to the RF front-end circuit shown, this design does not increase the number of switches, avoiding the introduction of additional insertion losses and ensuring that the performance of the RF front-end circuit is not degraded by the addition of isolation components. Furthermore, since PA311, LNA312, and switch 313 are integrated into the RF front-end module 310, the area occupied by the layout of PA311, LNA312, and switch 313 is reduced. At the same time, the number of packaging and testing of electronic components is reduced, effectively lowering costs.

[0101] During signal transmission by the electronic device, the first integrated port 301 of the RF front-end module 310 receives the first RF signal. After passing through PA 311, the power of the first RF signal is amplified, and then transmitted to the first port 321 of the isolation element via the second integrated port 302. Since the first port 321 of the isolation element 320 is unidirectionally conductive, the first RF signal is transmitted to the fourth integrated port 304 via the second port 322 of the isolation element 320. During the time slot corresponding to the signal transmission, the common port 3133 of the switch 313 is electrically connected to the second port 3132 of the switch 313, and the first RF signal is transmitted to the fifth integrated port 305 via the switch 313. The first RF signal is then transmitted to the antenna module 400 via the fifth integrated port 305, and radiated to the outside by the antenna module 400.

[0102] During signal reception by the electronic device, the antenna module 400 receives the radiated electromagnetic waves and converts them into a second radio frequency (RF) signal, which is then transmitted to the fifth integrated port 305 of the RF front-end module 310. During the time slot corresponding to the received signal, the common port 3133 of the switch 313 is electrically connected to the first port 3131 of the switch 313, and the second RF signal is transmitted to the LNA 312 via the switch 313. After passing through the LNA 312, the power of the second RF signal is amplified, and it is then transmitted to other parts of the RF module for processing via the third integrated port 303.

[0103] It should be understood that since the isolation element 320 is located in the transmit channel of the RF front-end circuit 300 (between PA311 and switch 313), the isolation element 320 is not connected to the receive channel. Therefore, the receive channel is not affected by the isolation element 320 (for example, the second RF signal received by the receive channel will not suffer insertion loss due to passing through the isolation element 320).

[0104] In one embodiment, the RF front-end circuit 300 may further include an RF chip 330. The RF chip 330 includes a transmit port 331 and a receive port 332. The transmit port 331 is electrically connected to a first integrated port 301, and the receive port 332 is electrically connected to a third integrated port 303. During the transmission of the first RF signal, the RF chip 330 can be used to modulate the frequency of the first RF signal, up-converting it to a frequency required for communication. During the reception of the second RF signal, the RF chip 330 can be used to demodulate the frequency of the second RF signal, down-converting it to a frequency required for processing by the remaining parts of the RF module.

[0105] In one embodiment, the radio frequency chip 330 may be a modem.

[0106] In one embodiment, the isolation element 320 can be a circulator or an isolator. Both isolators and circulators can be used as isolation elements, the difference being that an isolator is an isolation element comprising two ports, such as... Figure 9 As shown. A circulator is an isolation element comprising three ports, such as... Figure 8 As shown. In Figure 8 In the RF front-end circuit 300, only two ports may be used. Alternatively, the isolation element 320 may be any other isolation element with two or more ports, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0107] In one embodiment, the front-end module 310 further includes a first filter 314, such as Figure 10 As shown. The first filter 314 is connected in series between the first integrated port 301 and PA311. The first filter 314 can be used to filter out out-of-band spurious signals of the first radio frequency signal input to PA311, so as to improve the working efficiency of PA311.

[0108] In one embodiment, the front-end module 310 further includes a second filter 315, such as Figure 10 As shown. The second filter 315 is connected in series between the LNA 312 and the first port 3131 of the switch 313. The second filter 315 can be used to filter out out-of-band spurious signals of the second radio frequency signal received by the antenna module, so as to improve the working efficiency of the LNA 312.

[0109] Meanwhile, by integrating the first filter 314 and the second filter 315 into the front-end module 310, the area occupied by the layout of the first filter 314 and the second filter 315 is reduced, thereby improving the integration of the RF front-end module 310.

[0110] It should be understood that the number and location of filters in the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can be adjusted according to actual design requirements, and this application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, the RF front-end circuit may include only one filter, which can be connected in series between LNA312 and the third integrated port 303. The RF front-end module 310 may also include other electronic components to further improve the integration of the RF front-end module 310, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0111] In the above embodiments, only a single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch 313 is used as an example for explanation. In practical applications, the switch 313 can also be a single-pole x-throw (SPXT) switch. The switch 313 includes a common port and X input ports (X>2). Two of the X input ports can be used as the first port 3131 and the second port 3132 in the above embodiments. Alternatively, the switch 313 can also be a double-pole double-throw (DPDT), a double-pole x-throw (DPXT), or an x-pole x-throw (XPXT) switch, and can also be used in the above embodiments.

[0112] In one embodiment, switch 313 may include two or more common ports. For example, switch 313 may be a double-pole double-throw, double-pole multi-throw, or multi-pole multi-throw switch, and switch 313 may have two or more common ports.

[0113] In one embodiment, switch 313 may include a first common port 3134 and a second common port 3135, such as Figure 11 As shown. The first common port 3134 is electrically connected to the first antenna element 401 in the antenna module 400, and the second common port 3135 is used to electrically connect to the second antenna element 402 in the antenna module 400. The switch 313 can switch the antenna elements according to different environments (e.g., the user's hand posture or the user's position relative to the antenna element), selecting the antenna element with better performance for signal transmission and reception. For example, when the user holds the first antenna element 401 and the radiation performance of the first antenna element 401 is poor, the second antenna element 402 can be selected for signal transmission and reception. In this case, the second common port 3135 is electrically connected to the second port 3132 and the first port 3131 in the time slot corresponding to the transmitted signal and the time slot corresponding to the received signal, respectively.

[0114] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency front-end circuit 500 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0115] like Figure 12 As shown, the radio frequency front-end circuit 500 may include a radio frequency front-end module 510 and an isolation element 520.

[0116] The RF front-end module 510 may include a PA511, an LNA512, and a switch 513. One end of the PA511 is electrically connected to the first integrated port 501 of the RF front-end module 510, and the other end is electrically connected to the second integrated port 502 of the RF front-end module 510. The PA511 is connected in series between the first integrated port 501 and the second integrated port 502. One end of the LNA512 is electrically connected to the third integrated port 503 of the RF front-end module 510, and the other end is electrically connected to the first port 5131 of the switch 513. The LNA512 is connected in series between the third integrated port 503 and the first port 5131 of the switch 513. The second port 5132 of the switch 513 is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port 504 of the RF integrated module 510, and the fourth integrated port 504 is grounded. The common port 5133 of the switch 513 is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port 505 of the RF front-end module 510. The switch 513 can be used to switch the common port 5133 to be electrically connected to either the first port 5131 or the second port 5132. The first port 521 of the isolation element 520 is electrically connected to the second integrated port 502, and the second port 522 of the isolation element 520 is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port 505. The third port 523 of the isolation element 520 is used for electrical connection to the antenna module 600. The first port 521 of the isolation element 520 is unidirectionally connected to the third port 523 of the isolation element 520. The third port 523 of the isolation element 520 is unidirectionally connected to the second port 522 of the isolation element 520.

[0117] It should be understood that grounding the fourth integrated port 504 can be understood as the RF front-end module 510 being connected to the ground of the electronic device at the fourth integrated port 504. The ground can be a metal layer inside the electronic device, such as a metal layer in the PCB.

[0118] exist Figure 12 In the illustrated embodiment, an isolation element is added between the RF front-end module 510 and the antenna module 600. Utilizing the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the isolation element, the output load of PA511 is unaffected by back-end circuitry (e.g., the matching circuit in the antenna module or other loads between the isolation element and the antenna module), maintaining a constant output load and thus exhibiting good operating performance. Simultaneously, with Figure 4 (or Figure 5 Compared to the RF front-end circuit shown, this design does not increase the number of switches, avoiding the introduction of additional insertion losses and ensuring that the performance of the RF front-end circuit is not degraded by the addition of isolation components. Furthermore, since PA511, LNA512, and switch 513 are integrated into the RF front-end module 510, the area occupied by the layout of PA511, LNA512, and switch 513 is reduced. Simultaneously, the number of packaging and testing steps for electronic components is reduced, effectively lowering costs.

[0119] During the signal transmission process of the electronic device, the first integrated port 501 of the RF front-end module 510 receives the first RF signal. After passing through PA 511, the power of the first RF signal is amplified, and then transmitted to the first port 521 of the isolation element via the second integrated port 502. Since the first port 521 of the isolation element 520 is unidirectionally conductive, the first RF signal is transmitted to the antenna module 600 via the third port 523 of the isolation element 520, and then radiated to the outside by the antenna module 600.

[0120] During signal reception by the electronic device, the antenna module 600 receives the radiated electromagnetic waves and converts them into a second radio frequency (RF) signal, which is then transmitted to the third port 523 of the isolation element 520. Since the third port 523 of the isolation element 520 is unidirectionally conductive, the second RF signal is transmitted via the second port 522 of the isolation element 520 to the fifth integrated port 505 of the RF front-end module 510. During the time slot corresponding to the received signal, the common port 5133 of the switch 513 is electrically connected to the first port 5131 of the switch 513, and the second RF signal is transmitted via the switch 513 to the LNA 512. After passing through the LNA 512, the power of the second RF signal is amplified, and it is then transmitted via the third integrated port 503 to other parts of the RF module for processing.

[0121] In one embodiment, the fourth integrated port 504 can be grounded via electronic components, for example, the fourth integrated port can be grounded via a 50-ohm resistor.

[0122] In one embodiment, the RF front-end circuit 500 may further include an RF chip 530. The RF chip 530 includes a transmit port 531 and a receive port 532. The transmit port 531 is electrically connected to a first integrated port 501, and the receive port 532 is electrically connected to a third integrated port 503. During the transmission of the first RF signal, the RF chip 530 can be used to modulate the frequency of the first RF signal, up-converting it to a frequency required for communication. During the reception of the second RF signal, the RF chip 530 can be used to demodulate the frequency of the second RF signal, down-converting it to a frequency required for processing by the remaining parts of the RF module.

[0123] In one embodiment, the radio frequency chip 530 may be a modem.

[0124] In one embodiment, the isolation element 520 may be a circulator, or it may be other isolation elements with three or more ports, which is not limited in this application.

[0125] In one embodiment, during signal transmission by the electronic device, the common port 5133 of switch 513 is electrically connected to the second port 5132 of switch 513. This prevents high-power radio frequency signals transmitted through the transmitting channel from entering the receiving channel via reverse transmission in the isolation element 520, thus avoiding impact on the performance of the LNA 512 in the receiving channel and reducing the tolerance requirements of the receiving channel to high-power signals transmitted by the transmitting channel. For example, in the time slot corresponding to the signal transmission, when the first integrated port 501 of the RF front-end module 510 receives the first RF signal, the first RF signal is transmitted to the antenna module 600 through the third port 523 of the isolation element 520. Since the first port 521 of the isolation element 520 is unidirectionally connected to the third port 523 of the isolation element 520, and the third port 523 of the isolation element 520 is unidirectionally connected to the second port 522 of the isolation element 520, there will be significant insertion loss during reverse transmission of the RF signal. However, during the transmission of the first radio frequency (RF) signal from the first port 521 to the third port 523 of the isolation element 520, a portion of the first RF signal still reaches the second port 522 of the isolation element 520. Generally, the power of the transmitted first RF signal is tens of dB, while the power of the received second RF signal is negative tens of dB. Although there is a significant insertion loss, such as 10 dB (90% power attenuation), during the reverse transmission of the RF signal through the isolation element, the power of the first RF signal reaching the second port 522 is still very high for the LNA 512, which could damage the LNA 512. Therefore, in the time slot corresponding to the transmitted signal, the common port 5133 of the switch 513 is electrically connected to the second port 5132 of the switch 513 to ground the first RF signal reaching the second port 522, thus preventing damage to the LNA 512.

[0126] In one embodiment, the front-end module 510 further includes a first filter 514, such as Figure 13 As shown. The first filter 514 is connected in series between the first integrated port 501 and PA511. The first filter 514 can be used to filter out out-of-band spurious signals of the first radio frequency signal input to PA511, so as to improve the working efficiency of PA511.

[0127] In one embodiment, the front-end module 510 further includes a second filter 515, such as Figure 13 As shown. The second filter 515 is connected in series between the LNA 512 and the first port 5131 of the switch 513. The second filter 515 can be used to filter out out-of-band spurious signals of the second radio frequency signal received by the antenna module, so as to improve the working efficiency of the LNA 312.

[0128] Meanwhile, integrating the first filter 514 and the second filter 515 into the front-end module 510 reduces the area occupied by the layout of the first filter 514 and the second filter 515, thereby improving the integration of the RF front-end module 510.

[0129] It should be understood that in the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the number and location of filters can be adjusted according to actual design requirements, and this application does not impose any limitations on this. For example, the RF front-end circuit may include only one filter, which can be connected in series between the LNA512 and the third integrated port 503. The RF front-end module 510 may also include other electronic components to further improve the integration of the RF front-end module 510, and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0130] In the above embodiments, only a single-pole double-throw switch 513 is used as an example for explanation. In practical applications, switch 513 can also be a single-pole multi-throw switch. Switch 513 includes a common port and X input ports (X>2). Two of the X input ports can be used as the first port 5131 and the second port 5132 in the above embodiments. Alternatively, switch 513 can also be a double-pole double-throw switch, a double-pole multi-throw switch, or a multi-pole multi-throw switch, and can also be used in the above embodiments.

[0131] Figures 14 to 19 This is a schematic diagram of another radio frequency front-end circuit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0132] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only illustrated by the example of a radio frequency (RF) front-end circuit including one transmit channel (the RF channel where the PA is located) and one receive channel (the RF channel where the LNA is located). In practical applications, the RF front-end circuit may include multiple transmit channels and multiple receive channels. These multiple transmit channels (or multiple receive channels) may operate at the same frequency, for example, in a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system, or they may operate at different frequencies. For the sake of brevity, only the following embodiments are used as examples; this application does not limit the number of transmit and receive channels.

[0133] Figure 14 The RF front-end circuit shown can correspond to Figure 6 The difference between the RF front-end circuits shown is that... Figure 14 The radio frequency front-end circuit shown includes two transmit channels and two receive channels.

[0134] like Figure 14 As shown, the radio frequency front-end circuit 100 may include a radio frequency front-end module 110, a first isolation element 120, and a second isolation element 150.

[0135] The radio frequency front-end module 110 may include a first PA111, a second PA141, a first LNA112, and a second LNA142.

[0136] The first PA111, the first LNA112, and the first isolation element 120 form a first transmit channel and a first receive channel. One end of the first PA111 is electrically connected to a first integrated port of the RF front-end module 110, and the other end is electrically connected to a second integrated port of the RF front-end module 110. The first PA111 is connected in series between the first integrated port and the second integrated port. One end of the first LNA112 is electrically connected to a third integrated port of the RF front-end module 110, and the other end is electrically connected to a fourth integrated port of the RF front-end module 110. The first LNA112 is connected in series between the third integrated port and the fourth integrated port. The first port of the first isolation element 120 is electrically connected to the second integrated port, the second port of the first isolation element 120 is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port, and the third port of the first isolation element 120 is used for electrical connection with the antenna module 200. The first port of the first isolation element 120 is unidirectionally conductive to the third port of the first isolation element 120, and the third port of the first isolation element 120 is unidirectionally conductive to the second port of the first isolation element 120.

[0137] The second PA141, the second LNA142, and the second isolation element 150 form a second transmit channel and a second receive channel. One end of the second PA141 is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port of the RF front-end module 110, and the other end is electrically connected to the sixth integrated port of the RF front-end module 110. The second PA141 is connected in series between the fifth and sixth integrated ports. One end of the second LNA142 is electrically connected to the seventh integrated port of the RF front-end module 110, and the other end is electrically connected to the eighth integrated port of the RF front-end module 110. The second LNA142 is connected in series between the seventh and eighth integrated ports. The first port of the second isolation element 150 is electrically connected to the sixth integrated port, the second port of the second isolation element 150 is electrically connected to the eighth integrated port, and the third port of the second isolation element 150 is used for electrical connection with the antenna module 200. The first port of the second isolation element 150 is unidirectionally conductive to the third port of the second isolation element 150, and the third port of the second isolation element 150 is unidirectionally conductive to the second port of the second isolation element 150.

[0138] In one embodiment, the third port of the first isolation element 120 and the third port of the second isolation element 150 can be electrically connected to different antenna elements in the antenna module 200. For example, the third port of the first isolation element 120 can be electrically connected to the first antenna element 201, and the third port of the second isolation element 150 can be electrically connected to the second antenna element 202, such as... Figure 14 As shown.

[0139] In one embodiment, the third port of the first isolation element 120 and the third port of the second isolation element 150 can be electrically connected to the same antenna element in the antenna module 200. For example, the RF front-end circuit may further include a combiner 160, where the third ports of the first isolation element 120 and the second isolation element 150 can be electrically connected to the two input ports of the combiner 160, respectively, and the output port of the combiner 160 can be electrically connected to the antenna element in the antenna module 200. Figure 15 As shown. Combiner 160 can be used to combine the radio frequency signals output from multiple transmit channels to avoid mutual interference or cancellation.

[0140] Figure 16 The RF front-end circuit shown can correspond to Figure 8 The difference between the RF front-end circuits shown is that... Figure 16 The radio frequency front-end circuit shown includes two transmit channels and two receive channels.

[0141] like Figure 16 As shown, the radio frequency front-end circuit 100 may include a radio frequency front-end module 110, a first isolation element 120, and a second isolation element 150.

[0142] The radio frequency front-end module 310 may include a first PA 311, a second PA 341, a first LNA 312, a second LNA 342, a first switch 313, and a second switch 343.

[0143] A first PA311, a first LNA312, a first switch 313, and a first isolation element 320 form a first transmit channel and a first receive channel. One end of the first PA311 is electrically connected to a first integrated port of the RF front-end module 310, and the other end is electrically connected to a second integrated port of the RF front-end module 310. The first PA311 is connected in series between the first integrated port and the second integrated port. One end of the first LNA312 is electrically connected to a third integrated port of the RF front-end module 310, and the other end is electrically connected to a first port of the first switch 313. The first LNA312 is connected in series between the third integrated port and the first port of the first switch 313. The second port of the first switch 313 is electrically connected to a fourth integrated port of the RF integrated module 310. The common port of the first switch 313 is electrically connected to a fifth integrated port of the RF front-end module 310, which is used for electrical connection with the antenna module 400. The first port of the first isolation element 320 is electrically connected to the second integrated port, and the second port of the first isolation element 320 is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port. The first port of the first isolation element 320 is unidirectionally connected to the second port of the first isolation element 320.

[0144] The second PA341, second LNA342, second switch 343, and second isolation element 350 form a second transmit channel and a second receive channel. One end of the second PA341 is electrically connected to the sixth integrated port of the RF front-end module 310, and the other end is electrically connected to the seventh integrated port of the RF front-end module 310. The second PA341 is connected in series between the sixth and seventh integrated ports. One end of the second LNA342 is electrically connected to the eighth integrated port of the RF front-end module 310, and the other end is electrically connected to the first port of the second switch 343. The second LNA342 is connected in series between the eighth integrated port and the first port of the second switch 343. The second port of the second switch 343 is electrically connected to the ninth integrated port of the RF integrated module 310. The common port of the second switch 343 is electrically connected to the tenth integrated port of the RF front-end module 310, and the tenth integrated port is used for electrical connection with the antenna module 400. The first port of the second isolation element 350 is electrically connected to the seventh integrated port, and the second port of the second isolation element 350 is electrically connected to the ninth integrated port. The first port of the second isolation element 350 is unidirectionally connected to the second port of the second isolation element 350.

[0145] In one embodiment, the fifth and tenth integrated ports of the RF front-end module 310 can be electrically connected to different antenna elements in the antenna module 200. For example, the fifth integrated port of the RF front-end module 310 can be electrically connected to the first antenna element 401, and the tenth integrated port of the RF front-end module 310 can be electrically connected to the second antenna element 402, such as... Figure 16 As shown.

[0146] In one embodiment, the fifth and tenth integrated ports of the RF front-end module 310 can be electrically connected to the same antenna element in the antenna module 400. For example, the RF front-end circuit may also include a combiner 360, where the fifth and tenth integrated ports of the RF front-end module 310 can be electrically connected to the two input ports of the combiner 360, respectively, and the output port of the combiner 360 can be electrically connected to the antenna element in the antenna module 400. Figure 17 As shown. Combiner 360 can be used to combine the radio frequency signals output from multiple transmit channels to avoid mutual interference or cancellation.

[0147] Figure 18 The RF front-end circuit shown can correspond to Figure 12 The difference between the RF front-end circuits shown is that... Figure 18 The radio frequency front-end circuit shown includes two transmit channels and two receive channels.

[0148] like Figure 18 As shown, the radio frequency front-end circuit 100 may include a radio frequency front-end module 510, a first isolation element 520, and a second isolation element 550.

[0149] The radio frequency front-end module 510 may include a first PA 511, a second PA 541, a first LNA 512, a second LNA 542, a first switch 513, and a second switch 543.

[0150] A first PA511, a first LNA512, a first switch 513, and a first isolation element 520 form a first transmit channel and a first receive channel. One end of the first PA511 is electrically connected to a first integrated port of the RF front-end module 510, and the other end is electrically connected to a second integrated port of the RF front-end module 510. The first PA511 is connected in series between the first and second integrated ports. One end of the first LNA512 is electrically connected to a third integrated port of the RF front-end module 510, and the other end is electrically connected to a first port of the first switch 513. The first LNA512 is connected in series between the third integrated port and the first port of the first switch 513. The second port of the first switch 513 is electrically connected to a fourth integrated port of the RF integrated module 510, and the fourth integrated port is grounded. The common port of the first switch 513 is electrically connected to a fifth integrated port of the RF front-end module 510. The first port of the first isolation element 520 is electrically connected to the second integrated port, and the second port of the first isolation element 520 is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port. The third port of the first isolation element 520 is used for electrical connection with the antenna module 600. The first port of the first isolation element 520 is unidirectionally connected to the third port of the first isolation element 520. The third port of the first isolation element 520 is unidirectionally connected to the second port of the first isolation element 520.

[0151] The second PA541, second LNA542, second switch 543, and second isolation element 550 form a second transmit channel and a second receive channel. One end of the second PA541 is electrically connected to the first integrated port of the RF front-end module 510, and the other end is electrically connected to the second integrated port of the RF front-end module 510. The second PA541 is connected in series between the first and second integrated ports. One end of the second LNA542 is electrically connected to the third integrated port of the RF front-end module 510, and the other end is electrically connected to the first port of the second switch 543. The second LNA542 is connected in series between the third integrated port and the first port of the second switch 543. The second port of the second switch 543 is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port of the RF integrated module 510, and the fourth integrated port is grounded. The common port of the second switch 543 is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port of the RF front-end module 510. The first port of the second isolation element 550 is electrically connected to the second integrated port, and the second port of the second isolation element 550 is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port. The third port of the second isolation element 550 is used for electrical connection with the antenna module 600. The first port of the second isolation element 550 is unidirectionally connected to the third port of the second isolation element 550. The third port of the second isolation element 550 is unidirectionally connected to the second port of the second isolation element 550.

[0152] In one embodiment, the third port of the first isolation element 520 and the third port of the second isolation element 550 can be electrically connected to different antenna elements in the antenna module 200. For example, the third port of the first isolation element 520 can be electrically connected to the first antenna element 601, and the third port of the second isolation element 550 can be electrically connected to the second antenna element 602, such as... Figure 18 As shown.

[0153] In one embodiment, the third port of the first isolation element 520 and the third port of the second isolation element 550 can be electrically connected to the same antenna element in the antenna module 600. For example, the RF front-end circuit may further include a combiner 560, where the third ports of the first isolation element 520 and the second isolation element 550 can be electrically connected to the two input ports of the combiner 560, respectively, and the output port of the combiner 560 can be electrically connected to the antenna element in the antenna module 600. Figure 19 As shown. Combiner 560 can be used to combine the radio frequency signals output from multiple transmit channels to avoid mutual interference or cancellation.

[0154] Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0155] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0156] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the direct coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0157] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A radio frequency front-end circuit, characterized in that, include: RF front-end module and first isolation element; The radio frequency front-end module includes a first power amplifier (PA), a first low-noise amplifier (LNA), and a first switch. The first PA is connected in series between the first integrated port and the second integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module; The first LNA is connected in series between the third integrated port of the RF front-end module and the first port of the first switch; The second port of the first switch is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module; The common port of the first switch is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module, and the fifth integrated port is used to electrically connect to the antenna module; The first port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the second integrated port, and the second port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port. The first port of the first isolation element is unidirectionally connected to the second port of the first isolation element.

2. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radio frequency front-end circuit also includes a radio frequency chip; The radio frequency chip includes a transmit port and a receive port; The transmitting port is electrically connected to the first integrated port of the RF front-end module, and the receiving port is electrically connected to the third integrated port of the RF front-end module.

3. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first isolation element is a circulator or an isolator.

4. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The radio frequency front-end module also includes a first filter; The first filter is connected in series between the first integrated port and the first PA.

5. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The radio frequency front-end module also includes a second filter; The second filter is connected in series between the first LNA and the first port of the first switch.

6. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The common ports of the first switch include a first common port and a second common port; The first common port is used for electrical connection with the first antenna element in the antenna module; The second common port is used for electrical connection with the second antenna unit in the antenna module.

7. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The radio frequency front-end circuit also includes a second isolation element; The radio frequency front-end module further includes a second PA, a second LNA, and a second switch; The second PA is connected in series between the sixth and seventh integrated ports of the RF front-end module; The second LNA is connected in series between the eighth integrated port of the RF front-end module and the first port of the second switch; The second port of the second switch is electrically connected to the ninth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module; The common port of the second switch is electrically connected to the tenth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module, and the tenth integrated port is used for electrical connection with the antenna module; The first port of the second isolation element is electrically connected to the seventh integrated port, and the second port of the second isolation element is electrically connected to the ninth integrated port. The first port of the second isolation element is unidirectionally connected to the second port of the second isolation element.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the radio frequency front-end circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes an antenna module; The fifth integrated port is electrically connected to the antenna module.

10. The electronic device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The electronic device is a router.

11. A radio frequency front-end circuit, characterized in that, include: RF front-end module and first isolation element; The radio frequency front-end module includes a first PA, a first LNA, and a first switch; The first PA is connected in series between the first integrated port and the second integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module; The first LNA is connected in series between the third integrated port of the RF front-end module and the first port of the first switch; The second port of the first switch is electrically connected to the fourth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module, and the fourth integrated port is grounded; The common port of the first switch is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module; The first port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the second integrated port, the second port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the fifth integrated port, and the third port of the first isolation element is used for electrical connection with the antenna module. The first port of the first isolation element is unidirectionally connected to the third port of the first isolation element, and the third port of the first isolation element is unidirectionally connected to the second port of the first isolation element.

12. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that, The radio frequency front-end circuit also includes a radio frequency chip; The radio frequency chip includes a transmit port and a receive port; The transmitting port is electrically connected to the first integrated port of the RF front-end module, and the receiving port is electrically connected to the third integrated port of the RF front-end module.

13. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the first integrated port receives a radio frequency signal, the common port of the first switch is electrically connected to the second port of the first switch.

14. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The first isolation element is a circulator.

15. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The radio frequency front-end module also includes a first filter; The first filter is connected in series between the first integrated port and the first PA.

16. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The radio frequency front-end module also includes a second filter; The second filter is connected in series between the first LNA and the first port of the first switch.

17. The radio frequency front-end circuit according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The radio frequency front-end circuit also includes a second isolation element; The radio frequency front-end module further includes a second PA, a second LNA, and a second switch; The second PA is connected in series between the sixth and seventh integrated ports of the RF front-end module; The second LNA is connected in series between the eighth integrated port of the RF front-end module and the first port of the second switch; The second port of the second switch is electrically connected to the ninth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module, and the ninth integrated port is grounded; The common port of the second switch is electrically connected to the tenth integrated port of the radio frequency front-end module; The first port of the second isolation element is electrically connected to the seventh integrated port, the second port of the second isolation element is electrically connected to the tenth integrated port, and the third port of the second isolation element is used for electrical connection to the antenna module; The first port of the second isolation element is unidirectionally connected to the third port of the second isolation element, and the third port of the second isolation element is unidirectionally connected to the second port of the second isolation element.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the radio frequency front-end circuit as described in any one of claims 11 to 17.

19. The electronic device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The electronic device also includes an antenna module; The third port of the first isolation element is electrically connected to the antenna module.

20. The electronic device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The electronic device is a router.

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