Dust extraction hood for tunnel boring machines and its installation structure

Abstract

This invention relates to a follow-up dust extraction hood for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) and its installation structure. The dust extraction hood includes a sealing strip, a sealing cover, a telescopic cover, a fixed guide sleeve, a lifting guide rod, and a limiting device. The lower opening of the telescopic cover is sealed and connected to the upper opening of the sealing cover. The sealing strip is annular and fits around the outer periphery of the lower opening of the sealing cover. The fixed guide sleeve is fitted onto the lifting guide rod and slidably connected to it. The lower end of the lifting guide rod is fixedly connected to the sealing cover, and the upper end of the lifting guide rod is a free end. The limiting device is located at the upper end of the lifting guide rod. The installation structure includes a frame, a suction pipe, a TBM cutter assembly, and the dust extraction hood. A support cover is installed above the top plate of the frame. The TBM cutter assembly is rotatably connected below the support cover. The lower opening of the suction pipe passes downward through the support cover and extends into the rotating cylinder. The upper opening of the telescopic cover is fixed to the top plate, and the telescopic cover surrounds the TBM cutter assembly. This invention can effectively control dust leakage during the TBM breaking process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a dust prevention device and its installation structure for pre-breaking up sintered powder materials into blocks during tunnel boring machine (TBM) operations, which can be applied to TBM dust prevention after powder sintering in the lithium battery industry. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the lithium battery industry typically uses fixed dust extraction hoods for pre-breaking up shields after the powder is sintered into blocks. This method has the following technical disadvantages: during the shield tunneling process, the dust extraction hood does not completely seal the sagger opening, and the material and dust generated by the shield rotation can easily spill out of the sagger. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a follow-up dust extraction hood for tunnel boring machines and its installation structure, which can effectively control dust from overflowing during the process of tunnel breaking.

[0004] The main technical solutions of this invention are as follows:

[0005] A follow-up dust extraction hood for a tunnel boring machine includes a sealing strip, a sealing cover, a telescopic cover, a fixed guide sleeve, a lifting guide rod, and a limiting device. The telescopic cover has an upper opening and a lower opening. The lower opening of the telescopic cover is sealed to the upper opening of the sealing cover, and the telescopic cover communicates with the sealing cover. The sealing strip is annular and fits around the outer periphery of the lower opening of the sealing cover. The fixed guide sleeve is fitted onto the lifting guide rod and is slidably connected to the lifting guide rod. The lower end of the lifting guide rod is fixedly connected to the sealing cover. The upper end of the lifting guide rod is a free end, and the limiting device is located at the upper end of the lifting guide rod.

[0006] The limiting device can be a nut, which is installed at the upper end of the lifting guide rod.

[0007] The shield machine follow-up dust extraction hood may also be equipped with a limit adjustment sleeve, which is fitted on the lifting guide rod and located above the fixed guide sleeve.

[0008] The lower opening of the sealing cover and the horizontal cross-section of the sealing strip are rectangular.

[0009] The sealing cover includes a flange and an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder located above and below the flange, respectively. The upper cylinder is a circular cylinder and the lower cylinder is a rectangular cylinder. The upper opening of the upper cylinder and the lower opening of the lower cylinder constitute the upper opening and the lower opening of the sealing cover, respectively. The telescopic cover is a telescopic cover with a circular horizontal cross-section.

[0010] There are four lifting guide rods, which are connected to the flange and correspond one-to-one with the four corners of the lower cylinder of the sealing cover. Each lifting guide rod is equipped with a fixed guide sleeve and a limiting device.

[0011] The internal space of the telescopic cover is kept under negative pressure.

[0012] The upper cylinder is provided with a number of through holes, and an air regulating ring is provided on the outer sleeve of the upper cylinder. The air regulating ring is provided with through holes corresponding to the through holes on the upper cylinder.

[0013] A follow-up dust extraction hood installation structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) includes a frame, a suction pipe, a TBM cutter assembly, a drive mechanism, and the follow-up dust extraction hood. A support cover is installed above the top plate of the frame, and the connection between the support cover and the top plate is sealed. The end of the drive mechanism is a large gear, which is mounted on the support cover via a bearing and is located below the support cover and above the top plate. The TBM cutter assembly includes a rotating cylinder and a TBM cutter mounted at the lower end of the rotating cylinder. The upper end of the rotating cylinder is coaxially fixed to the large gear, and a dynamic seal is provided at the junction of the rotating cylinder and the top plate. The suction port of the suction pipe passes downward through the inner holes of the support cover and the bearing, inserts into the inner hole of the rotating cylinder, and is positioned above and near the TBM cutter. The junction between the suction pipe and the support cover is sealed. The upper opening of the telescopic cover of the follow-up dust extraction hood and the fixed guide sleeve are both fixed to the top plate of the frame. The upper opening of the telescopic cover is sealed between the top plate of the frame and the telescopic cover, and the telescopic cover surrounds the TBM cutter assembly.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0015] The dust extraction hood of this invention can move with the crucible without requiring additional power, making it simple and practical.

[0016] Because the dust extraction hood can keep the shield cutter assembly enclosed in the cavity formed by the dust extraction hood and the sagger during the tunnel boring process, it has a good effect on controlling dust overflow.

[0017] The internal space of the telescopic hood is kept under negative pressure to further ensure that dust does not overflow from the dust extraction hood. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the follow-up dust extraction hood for the tunnel boring machine.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a tunnel boring machine equipped with the aforementioned dust extraction hood;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a tunnel boring machine with the dust extraction hood at its upper limit position;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a tunnel boring machine when the dust extraction hood is in the lower limit position;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension installation of the shield cutterhead assembly.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1. Frame; 2. Suction pipe; 3. Shield cutterhead assembly; 4. Shield machine follow-up dust extraction hood; 41. Limit adjustment sleeve; 42. Lifting guide rod; 43. Fixed guide sleeve; 44. Air regulating ring; 45. Sealing cover; 46. Sealing strip; 47. Telescopic cover; 48. Nut; 5. Sag; 6. Blocking clamping mechanism; 7. Lifting mechanism; 8. Conveying components; 9. Drive mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0025] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this invention discloses a shield tunneling machine follow-up dust extraction hood 4 (hereinafter referred to as a dust extraction hood), including a sealing strip 46, a sealing cover 45, a telescopic cover 47, a fixed guide sleeve 43, a lifting guide rod 42, and a limiting device. The telescopic cover extends and retracts vertically, and has an upper opening and a lower opening. The lower opening of the telescopic cover can be sealed to the upper opening of the sealing cover through a flange, and the telescopic cover communicates with the internal space of the sealing seat. The sealing strip is annular and fits around the outer periphery of the lower opening of the sealing cover. The shape and size of the sealing strip correspond to the opening of the crucible 5, and is used to seal the opening of the crucible. The fixed guide sleeve is fitted onto the lifting guide rod and is slidably connected to the lifting guide rod. The lower end of the lifting guide rod is fixedly connected to the sealing cover. The upper end of the lifting guide rod is a free end, and the limiting device is located at the upper end of the lifting guide rod. In use, the opening of the crucible is aligned with the sealing strip, and the dust extraction hood and the crucible enclose a relatively sealed space. The upper opening of the telescopic hood and the fixed guide sleeve are both fixed to the top plate of the tunnel boring machine frame and remain stationary. The upper opening of the telescopic hood can be connected to the top plate of the frame via a flange. When the crucible rises, it pushes the sealing strip, sealing hood, lifting guide rod, and lower part of the telescopic hood to rise synchronously, maintaining the airtightness of the space enclosed by the crucible and the dust extraction hood. When the crucible descends, the sealing strip, sealing hood, lifting guide rod, and lower part of the telescopic hood follow its own weight. It can be seen that the dust extraction hood moves with the crucible, and the telescopic hood extends and retracts with the crucible; the entire movement of the dust extraction hood requires no additional power, making it simple and practical.

[0026] The lower surface of the sealing strip is preferably below the lower edge of the sealing cover. The upward pressure of the sagger's opening edge on the sealing strip creates an elastic deformation, resulting in a more reliable seal.

[0027] The limiting device can be a nut 48, which can be directly screwed onto the upper end of the lifting guide rod.

[0028] The dust extraction hood may also be equipped with a limit adjustment sleeve 41, which is fitted onto the lifting guide rod and located above the fixed guide sleeve. When the lower parts of the sealing strip, sealing cover, lifting guide rod, and telescopic cover move down until the nut presses against the limit adjustment sleeve from above, the dust extraction hood reaches its lower limit position. Changing the height of the limit adjustment sleeve can change the height of the lower limit position of the dust extraction hood.

[0029] The mouth of the sagger is usually rectangular, so the lower opening of the sealing cover and the horizontal cross-section of the sealing strip are both set to be rectangular.

[0030] The sealing cover may include a flange and an upper cylindrical body and a lower cylindrical body located above and below the flange, respectively. The upper cylindrical body is circular to facilitate docking with the opening of the telescopic cover. The lower cylindrical body is rectangular. The upper opening of the upper cylindrical body and the lower opening of the lower cylindrical body constitute the upper and lower openings of the sealing cover, respectively. The telescopic cover is a telescopic cover with a circular horizontal cross-section.

[0031] Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, there are four lifting guide rods, all of which are connected to the flange and correspond one-to-one with the four corners of the lower cylinder of the sealing cover. Each lifting guide rod is equipped with the aforementioned fixed guide sleeve and limiting device.

[0032] When the shield machine's follow-up dust extraction hood is closed in the crucible, the internal space of the telescopic hood is preferably kept under negative pressure to further ensure that dust inside the dust extraction hood does not overflow.

[0033] Furthermore, the upper cylinder is provided with several through holes for air intake of the dust hood. An air regulating ring 44 is fitted over the upper cylinder, and the air regulating ring has through holes corresponding to the through holes on the upper cylinder. By rotating the air regulating ring, the through holes on the air regulating ring are aligned with or offset to varying degrees from the through holes on the upper cylinder. That is, by using the air regulating ring to block the through holes on the upper cylinder to varying degrees, the air intake of the dust hood can be adjusted, thereby regulating the air pressure inside the dust hood.

[0034] like Figure 2-5 As shown, this invention also discloses a follow-up dust extraction hood installation structure for a tunnel boring machine (TBM), including a TBM frame 1 as the basic installation structure, a suction pipe 2 for discharging dust outwards via suction, a TBM cutter assembly 3 for crushing, a drive mechanism 9 for driving the TBM cutter assembly to rotate, and the TBM follow-up dust extraction hood 4. A support cover is installed above the top plate of the frame, and the connection between the support cover and the top plate is sealed. The end of the drive mechanism is a large gear, which is mounted on the support cover via a bearing and is located below the support cover and above the top plate. The TBM cutter assembly includes a rotating cylinder and a TBM cutter mounted at the lower end of the rotating cylinder. The upper end of the rotating cylinder is coaxially fixed to the large gear and rotates with the large gear. A dynamic seal is provided at the junction of the rotating cylinder and the top plate. The suction port (i.e., the lower opening) of the suction pipe passes downwards through the inner holes of the support cover and the bearing, inserts into the inner hole of the rotating cylinder, and is positioned above the TBM cutter. The junction between the suction pipe and the support cover is sealed. The upper opening of the telescopic cover of the tunnel boring machine's follow-up dust extraction cover and the fixed guide sleeve are both fixed to the top plate of the frame. The upper opening of the telescopic cover is sealed with the top plate of the frame, and the telescopic cover surrounds the tunnel boring machine cutter assembly.

[0035] Because the dust extraction hood can keep the shield cutter assembly enclosed in the cavity formed by the dust extraction hood and the sagger during the tunnel boring process, it has a good effect on controlling dust overflow.

[0036] In the embodiment shown in the attached figure, the drive mechanism is further provided with a motor and a pinion. The motor is installed above the support cover, and the pinion driven by the motor is located below the support cover. The pinion meshes with the large gear to transmit power to the rotating cylinder. The upper opening of the telescopic cover is fixed to the top plate by a circular flange. The support cover is supported on the top plate of the frame by four support columns. The flange at the outlet (i.e., the upper opening) of the suction pipe covers and seals the through hole on the support cover for the suction pipe. The support cover, the drive mechanism, and the suction pipe enclose another sealed space above the top plate.

[0037] This structure is used in tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in the lithium battery industry. The TBM also includes a conveying component 8 for transporting the crucibles in and out of the frame, a lifting mechanism 7 for raising and lowering the crucibles, and a blocking clamping mechanism 6 for stopping and securing the crucibles. The dust extraction hood is mounted on the frame via a fixed guide sleeve 3, thus keeping the upper height of the telescopic hood constant.

[0038] The tunnel boring machine (TBM) operates as follows: The conveying unit transports a sandpit filled with material into the work station. After being positioned and clamped by a blocking and clamping mechanism, the sandpit is lifted by the jacking mechanism. The feeder advances until the sandpit opening contacts the sealing strip and seals the opening. The cutter assembly then begins to rotate and break up the material. Dust generated during the breaking process is contained within the dust extraction hood, which is compressed according to the position of the sealing cover 45. The sandpit feeder continues upward, pushing the sealing cover 45 and causing the lifting guide rod 42 to rise along the fixed guide sleeve 43 until it reaches the upper limit position (see [reference]). Figure 3 After the fragmentation is complete, the crucible descends with the lifting mechanism, and the sealing cover, along with the lifting guide rod, descends under its own weight, causing the lower middle part of the telescopic cover to move downwards, gradually stretching the telescopic cover. When the sealing cover descends with the crucible to the lower limit position (see...), the sealing cover... Figure 4 When the process stops, the crucible continues to descend and separates from the sealing cover, finally landing on the rollers in the conveying component, from which it is conveyed to the subsequent workstation. Throughout the process, dust is contained and isolated by the sealing cover 45 and the telescopic cover 47 until it is drawn away by the suction pipe.

Claims

1. A follow-up dust extraction hood for a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The device includes a sealing strip, a sealing cover, a telescopic cover, a fixed guide sleeve, a lifting guide rod, and a limiting device. The telescopic cover has an upper opening and a lower opening, and the lower opening of the telescopic cover is sealed to the upper opening of the sealing cover. The telescopic cover and the sealing cover are in communication. The sealing strip is annular and fits around the outer periphery of the lower opening of the sealing cover. The fixed guide sleeve fits onto the lifting guide rod and is slidably connected to the lifting guide rod. The lower end of the lifting guide rod is fixedly connected to the sealing cover, and the upper end of the lifting guide rod is a free end. The limiting device is located at the upper end of the lifting guide rod. The sealing cover includes a flange and an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder located above and below the flange, respectively. The upper cylinder is a circular cylinder, and the lower cylinder is a rectangular cylinder. The upper opening of the upper cylinder and the lower opening of the lower cylinder constitute the upper opening and lower opening of the sealing cover, respectively. The telescopic cover is a telescopic cover with a circular horizontal cross-section. The internal space of the telescopic cover is kept under negative pressure. Several through holes are distributed on the upper cylinder. An air regulating ring is fitted over the upper cylinder. The air regulating ring has through holes corresponding to the through holes on the upper cylinder.

2. The shield machine follow-up dust extraction hood as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting device uses a nut, which is installed at the upper end of the lifting guide rod.

3. The shield machine follow-up dust extraction hood as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It is also equipped with a limit adjustment sleeve, which is fitted on the lifting guide rod and located above the fixed guide sleeve.

4. The shield machine follow-up dust extraction hood as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower opening of the sealing cover and the horizontal cross-section of the sealing strip are rectangular.

5. The shield machine follow-up dust extraction hood as described in claim 4, characterized in that: There are four lifting guide rods, which are connected to the flange and correspond one-to-one with the four corners of the lower cylinder of the sealing cover. Each lifting guide rod is equipped with a fixed guide sleeve and a limiting device.

6. A follow-up dust extraction hood installation structure for a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The device includes a frame, a suction pipe, a shield cutter assembly, a drive mechanism, and a follow-up dust extraction hood for a tunnel boring machine as described in any one of claims 1-5. A support cover is installed above the top plate of the frame, and the connection between the support cover and the top plate is sealed. The end of the drive mechanism is a large gear, which is mounted on the support cover via a bearing and is located below the support cover and above the top plate. The shield cutter assembly includes a rotating cylinder and a shield cutter installed at the lower end of the rotating cylinder. The upper end of the rotating cylinder is coaxially fixed to the large gear, and a dynamic seal is provided at the junction of the rotating cylinder and the top plate. The suction port of the suction pipe passes downward through the inner holes of the support cover and the bearing, is inserted into the inner hole of the rotating cylinder, and is positioned above the shield cutter. The junction between the suction pipe and the support cover is sealed. The upper opening of the telescopic cover of the follow-up dust extraction hood and the fixed guide sleeve are both fixed to the top plate of the frame. The upper opening of the telescopic cover is sealed between the top plate of the frame and the telescopic cover, and the telescopic cover surrounds the shield cutter assembly. The operation of the shield tunneling machine's follow-up dust extraction hood is as follows: The crucible advances upward until the opening of the crucible contacts the sealing strip and the opening is sealed by the sealing strip. The shield cutter assembly begins to rotate and break up the blocks. The dust generated during the breaking up process is sealed inside the dust extraction hood. The telescopic hood is compressed according to the position of the sealing hood. The crucible continues to advance upward, pushing the sealing hood and driving the lifting guide rod to rise along the fixed guide sleeve until it reaches the upper limit position. After the breaking up is completed, the crucible descends. The sealing hood, along with the lifting guide rod, descends under its own weight, causing the middle and lower parts of the telescopic hood to move downward, gradually stretching the telescopic hood. When the sealing hood descends with the crucible to the lower limit position, it stops. The crucible continues to descend and separates from the sealing hood.

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