A duplex gear machining device and method with high angular accuracy requirement

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of angular positioning tooling and gear shaping processing technology, and particularly relates to a double gear machining device and method with high angular precision requirement. The device comprises a tool holder, a first cutter, an angular positioning disc, a second cutter, an angular positioning hole, a pressing disc, a fixing bolt, a fastening bolt, a positioning groove and a marking tooth pair. The angular positioning disc is located between the first cutter and the second cutter, the first cutter and the second cutter are fixed and locked in angle through the angular positioning disc, the cutter parameters of the first cutter are determined according to the gear parameters of the upper gear of the double gear, the cutter parameters of the second cutter are determined according to the gear parameters of the lower gear of the double gear, the tool holder above the first cutter and the pressing disc below the second cutter are locked and fixed through the fixing bolt and the fastening bolt, and the relative surfaces of the first cutter and the second cutter are provided with the positioning groove and the marking tooth pair.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of angular positioning tooling and gear shaping processing technology, and particularly relates to a high angular precision double gear processing device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Double gears play an important role in the field of mechanical transmission and are widely used in aerospace, marine, vehicles and industrial equipment. In the transmission system, double gears simultaneously bear power input and output, which is crucial for the stability of power transmission. In the field of aerospace and precision equipment, in order to meet the extremely high transmission precision and balance the speed fluctuation of high-speed gear transmission system, double gears are required to have special and extremely high angular precision requirements, which makes the processing extremely difficult. For double helical gears with small spacing or non-shared tool processing, the parts must be disassembled and repositioned or the tool must be replaced during the gear shaping process. The precision loss caused by repeated positioning and retooling makes it impossible to meet the angular requirements of double gear processing.

[0003] The existing solution is to mark the angular requirements of double gears by scribing lines, which is used as a tool reference. During the processing, a special measuring tool needs to be prepared, and repeated measurement and adjustment are required. The scribing method not only increases the human involvement and tool use in the tool setting process, but also requires disassembly and tool replacement, which does not fundamentally improve the precision and sacrifices efficiency to ensure precision. The method has certain effect but is extremely low in efficiency and stability, and relies heavily on the experience of operators, which is not suitable for batch production process application technology. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide a double gear shaping method with high angular precision requirements to improve the angular processing precision and efficiency of double helical gears with small spacing or non-shared tool processing.

[0005] TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0006] A double gear processing device with high angular precision requirements comprises a tool holder 1, a first tool 2, an angular positioning disc 3, a second tool 4, an angular positioning pin hole 6, a pressure plate 7, a fixing bolt 8, a fastening bolt 9, a positioning groove 11, and a marking tooth pair 12. The angular positioning disc 3 is located between the first tool 2 and the second tool 4, and the first tool 2 and the second tool 4 are fixed and locked in the angular direction through the angular positioning disc 3. The tool parameters of the first tool 2 are determined according to the gear parameters of the upper gear of the double gear. The tool parameters of the second tool 4 are determined according to the gear parameters of the lower gear of the double gear. The tool holder 1 above the first tool 2 and the pressure plate 7 below the second tool 4 are locked and fixed by the fixing bolt 8 and the fastening bolt 9. The relative surfaces of the first tool 2 and the second tool 4 are provided with the positioning groove 11 and the marking tooth pair 12.

[0007] Further, the first cutter 2 and the second cutter 4 are positioned with the angular positioning disc 3 through the angular positioning pin 5.

[0008] Further, the positioning groove 11 is radially along the first cutter 2 and the second cutter 4, and the center line of the positioning groove 11 is at a predetermined angle with the line connecting the tooth top midpoint of the marking tooth pair 12 and the center point.

[0009] Further, the fastening holes 10 are uniformly distributed in the circumference.

[0010] A high-efficiency gear shaping method for double-gear high angular precision, characterized in that the method is performed by means of the above-mentioned device, and the method comprises:

[0011] Step one: measure and record the key parameters of the double-gear: small wheel radius R i , tooth thickness H 1, large wheel radius R o , tooth thickness H 2, gear spacing S , according to the key parameters of the double-gear, determine the size of the first cutter 2 and the size of the second cutter 4;

[0012] Step two: according to the key parameters of the double-gear, determine the thickness of the angular positioning disc H 0, the radius of the fastening hole 10 R w and the distribution radius R p ,

[0013] Step three: based on the angular difference of the double-gear theory δ , determine the angular difference A between the positioning grooves 11 of the first cutter 2 and the second cutter 4, wherein, ，Z o is the number of teeth of the lower gear, K take a positive integer; according to A, process the angular positioning pin hole 6 with a distribution radius R p of r on the angular positioning disc;

[0014] Step four: according to the value of K, determine the second marking tooth 13 as the K+1th tooth counterclockwise, assemble the cutter, measure the angular deviation of the second marking tooth 13 of the first cutter 2 and the second cutter 4, and start processing under the condition that the angular deviation has no error.

[0015] Further, the double-gear is a double-gear satisfying condition C1 or condition C2, wherein:

[0016] Condition C1: the normal distance between the inner side faces of the double-gear S , small gear 1 radiusR i tooth width H 1, radius of big gear 2 R o tooth width H 2, ；

[0017] Condition C2: the helix angles of the two gears are opposite.

[0018] Further, the step two specifically comprises: the radial angle of the angular positioning disc thickness H 0 should satisfy the following inequality:

[0019] 。

[0020] Further, the radial angle of the angular positioning pin hole 6 relative to the center of the positioning disc is consistent with A.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] By establishing the discrimination condition, the high-efficiency gear shaping method of the double helical gear with high angular accuracy requirement can realize the rapid judgment of the applicability, through the technical means of the tool back installation, the machining of one clamping and tool setting is realized, the disassembly of parts or the replacement of tool operation and the precision loss in the machining process of the double helical gear with small spacing or non-co-tool are avoided. Through the method for determining the angular difference of the special angular difference corresponding to the tool marking teeth, the conversion of the angular difference is facilitated, and the purpose of further improving the angular accuracy of the product is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is the flow chart of the method of the application;

[0024] Fig. 2 (a) is a schematic structural diagram of the tool and the tool plate of the embodiment of the application;

[0025] Fig. 2 (b) is an exploded view of the tool and the tool plate of the embodiment of the application;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the tool machining route of the embodiment of the application;

[0027] Fig. 4 (a) is a perspective view of the angular positioning disc of the embodiment of the application;

[0028] Fig. 4 (b) is a top view of the angular positioning disc of the embodiment of the application;

[0029] Fig. 5 (a) is a schematic diagram of the key size of the workpiece and the tool of the embodiment of the application;

[0030] Figure 5 (b) is another schematic diagram of the key dimensions of the workpiece and the tool of the embodiment of the application;

[0031] Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of the tool and its key structure of the embodiment of the application;

[0032] Figure 6 (b) is another schematic diagram of the tool and its key structure of the embodiment of the application;

[0033] Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram of the workpiece of the embodiment of the application;

[0034] Figure 7 (b) is another schematic diagram of the workpiece of the embodiment of the application.

[0035] Wherein, 1 - tool shank, 2 - first tool, 3 - angular positioning disc, 4 - second tool, 5 - angular positioning pin, 6 - angular positioning pin hole, 7 - pressure plate, 8 - fixing bolt, 9 - fastening bolt, 10 - fastening hole, 11 - positioning groove, 12 - marking tooth pair, 13 - secondary marking tooth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Core invention point:

[0037] The high-angle precision double gear high-efficiency gear cutting method of the application is based on the back-to-back combination of two gear cutting tools, the locking of the tool disc angularly behind by the angular positioning disc, the cooperation of the reverse pull gear cutting machine capable of upstroke work and the spiral guide rail, and the continuous completion of the angular high-precision high-efficiency processing of the double helical gear with small spacing or not sharing the tool without disassembly and assembly. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the high-angle precision double gear high-efficiency gear cutting tool and tool disc mainly consists of two back-to-back installed first tool and second tool of tool shank 1, angular positioning disc 3, angular positioning pin 5, pressure plate 7, fixing bolt 8 and fastening bolt 9, a total of 7 parts. The tool movement trajectory in the gear cutting process is shown in Figures 2 (a) and 2 (b).

[0038] The application discloses a high-angle precision double gear high-efficiency gear cutting method, which comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step one: measure and record the key parameters of the double gear, small wheel radius R i , tooth thickness H 1, large wheel radius R o , H 2 = 40 mm, gear spacing S , as shown in Figures 4 (a) and 4 (b). According to the high-angle precision double gear high-efficiency gear cutting method, it is determined whether the application method needs to be used according to the gear cutting requirements.

[0040] Step two: determine the thickness of the angular positioning disc H 0, fastening hole 10 radius R w and its distribution radius R p As shown in FIG. 4(a) and FIG. 4(b).

[0041] Step three: determine the angular difference based on design requirements δ According to the angular difference calculation method of the present application, the angular difference A is obtained.

[0042] As Figure 3 and shown in FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 5(b), the initial tooth pair 12 of the first cutter 2 and the second cutter 4 is marked, the cutter positioning groove 11 is made radially along the marked tooth at the cutter back, and the angular positioning disc is marked at the distribution radius R p The machining radius is r of the angular positioning pin hole 6.

[0043] Step four: as shown in FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 5(b), the second cutter 4 tooth 13 is marked again according to the K value as the counterclockwise K+1 tooth, the workpiece is clamped, the cutter is assembled and aligned, and after the angular deviation between the marked tooth of the first cutter 2 and the second cutter 4 is checked, the numerical control program is compiled, and the machining is started.

[0044] Secondary invention points:

[0045] The application discriminant basis for the high-efficiency gear hobbing method of the double-helical gear with high angular accuracy is that condition C1 or condition C2 is established, wherein:

[0046] Condition C1: small gap double-helical gear discrimination rule, as shown in FIG. 4(a) and FIG. 4(b), the normal distance between the inner side faces of the double-helical gear S Small gear radius R i Tooth width H 1, large gear 2 radius R o Tooth width H 2, the full height of the cutter tooth of the small gear machining cutter T 2, if the following condition inequality is established, it is determined as a small gap double-helical gear.

[0047]

[0048] Condition C2: the helix angles of the two gears are inconsistent, and the cutter needs to be replaced.

[0049] Secondary invention points: the first cutter 2 and the second cutter 4 are customized according to the double-helical gear to be machined, and the installation corresponding relationship thereof with the double-helical gear is shown in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), the second cutter 4 machines the upper gear, and the first cutter 2 machines the lower gear.

[0050] Secondary invention: the angular positioning disc is installed between the two gear shaper cutters, and the contact part is closely fitted. Figure 3 As shown, the angular positioning disc has four fastening holes 10 with a radius of R w , which are evenly distributed on the circumference, and the center of the circle is on the circumference with a radius of R p , the center of the two angular positioning hole 6 with equal radius r is on the circumference with a radius of R p , which is used to center the double gear, and the angular difference of the marked tooth pair is zero, so the positioning hole can be processed.

[0051] Secondary invention: the angular difference calculation method is that if the design requires the angular difference of the double gear to be δ , then the angular difference of the two angular positioning holes on the angular positioning disc is A , which needs to meet the following conditions:

[0052]

[0053] where, Z o is the number of teeth of the lower gear, K which is a positive integer.

[0054] Secondary invention: the thickness of the angular positioning disc is determined by the tooth width of the pinion H 1 and the tooth width of the gear H 2, which should meet the following inequality: H H

[0055]

[0056] Secondary invention: the material of the angular positioning disc is cast iron, and the angular positioning holes are processed according to actual needs. The same angular positioning disc can be processed multiple times for multiple sets of positioning holes, and good marks should be made to compatible different models of double gear processing.

[0057] Example:

[0058] Step one: as shown in figure 6 (a) and figure 6 (b), the reverse double helical gear shaft of a new model is measured, and the relevant parameters are: pinion radius R i =165.15mm, tooth thickness H 1=35mm, gear radius R o =185.49mm, H 2=40mm, number of teeth Z o =53, gear spacing S ​​= 45mm.

[0059] Theoretical full tooth height of large wheel gear shaping cutter is customized according to processing requirement T 2 = 13.2075mm.

[0060] Condition C1 is:

[0061]

[0062] The calculation is:

[0063]

[0064] Condition C1 is true, which indicates that the double gear belongs to small gap double gear, and the part needs to be disassembled and adjusted during processing, otherwise the risk of interference is large, which will cause precision loss.

[0065] The double gear has opposite helical rotation directions, condition C2 is true, and a pair of double gears composed of reverse helical gears needs to replace the cutter during processing, which will also cause precision loss, and the gear is suitable for processing using the method of the application.

[0066] Step two: determine the thickness of the angular positioning disc H 0, the radius of the fastening hole 10 R w and the distribution radius R p .

[0067]

[0068] Because H 1 = 35mm, H 2 = 40mm, the calculation is:

[0069]

[0070] Determine the thickness of the angular positioning disc H 0 is 60mm, and the distribution radius of the angular positioning disc is determined according to the size of the cutter weight reduction hole R p is 65mm, the radius of the fastening hole 10 R w is 10mm.

[0071] Step three: design the angular difference of the double gear δ as 2.67°, according to the angular difference calculation method of the application, the angular difference A is.

[0072]

[0073] The calculation is:

[0074]

[0075] For the convenience of positioning hole processing, K is 3, and A is 23.047°.

[0076] The initial tooth pair 12 of the first cutter 2 and the second cutter 4 is marked, as shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), and a positioning groove with a width of 2r=10mm is made on the line connecting the marking tooth and the center of rotation of the cutter, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b), on the angular positioning disc with R p Two positioning holes with r=5mm and an included angle of A=23.047° are processed.

[0077] Step four: as shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), the second cutter 4 is marked again according to K=3, the fourth tooth in the counterclockwise direction, the workpiece is clamped, the cutter is assembled and aligned, the angular deviation of the marking tooth of the first cutter 2 and the second cutter 4 is checked, the numerical control program is compiled, and the processing is started.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency gear shaping method for double gears with high angular accuracy requirements, characterized in that, The method is performed using a double gear machining device with high angular accuracy requirements. The device includes: a tool holder, a first tool, an angular positioning plate, a second tool, an angular positioning pin hole, a pressure plate, fixing bolts, fastening bolts, positioning grooves, and marking tooth pairs. The angular positioning plate is located between the first and second tools, and the first and second tools are fixed and locked angularly back-to-back by the angular positioning plate. The tool parameters of the first tool are determined according to the gear parameters of the upper gear of the double gear. The tool parameters of the second tool are determined according to the gear parameters of the lower gear of the double gear. The tool holder (1) located above the first tool and the pressure plate located below the second tool are locked and fixed by fixing bolts and fastening bolts. Positioning grooves and marking tooth pairs are provided on the opposite surfaces of the first and second tools. The method includes: Step 1: Measure and record the key parameters of the double gear: pinion radius R i Tooth thickness H 1. Large wheel radius R o Tooth thickness H 2. Gear pitch S The dimensions of the first and second cutting tools are determined based on the key parameters of the double gears. Step 2: Determine the thickness of the angular positioning disc based on the key parameters of the double gear. H 0, radius of the fastening hole R w and its distribution radius R p , Step 3: Angular difference based on the theory of double-tooth teeth δ Determine the angular difference A between the positioning slots of the first and second tools, where, ，Z o This refers to the number of teeth on the lower gear. K Take a positive integer; based on A distributed on the angular positioning disk with a radius... R p Processing radius is r Angular positioning pin hole; Step 4: Based on the K value, determine the secondary marking tooth as the K+1th tooth counterclockwise, assemble the cutting tool, measure the angular deviation of the secondary marking tooth of the first and second cutting tools, and start machining if there is no error in the angular deviation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second cutting tools are positioned with the angular positioning plate by angular positioning pins.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning groove is along the radial direction of the first and second tools, and the centerline of the positioning groove forms a predetermined angle with the line connecting the midpoint of the tooth tip and the center point of the marked tooth pair.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening holes are evenly distributed around the circumference.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The double teeth are double teeth that satisfy either condition C1 or condition C2, wherein: Condition C1: The normal distance between the inner end faces of the double gears S The radius of pinion 1 R i Tooth width H 1. Large gear 2 radius R o Tooth width H 2, ； Condition C2: The helix angles of the two gears are opposite.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step two specifically includes: the thickness of the angular positioning plate. H 0 should satisfy the following inequality: 。 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial angle between the positioning hole and the center of the positioning plate is the same as A.

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