Device and method for detecting bearing capacity and gas consumption of frictionless cylinder air floating piston

Abstract

The application provides a device and method for detecting bearing capacity and gas consumption of a frictionless air cylinder air floating piston, which comprises a frictionless air floating loading cylinder, a torsion spring meter, a flow meter, a mounting base plate, a measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section module, a gas supply system module and a high-precision pressure control system module. The gas supply system module supplies air to the air floating cavities A and B in the mounting base plate, the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section module, the air bearing inside the frictionless air floating loading cylinder and the air floating piston. The high-precision pressure control system module controls the external output force of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder, and the torsion spring meter and the flow meter are used to measure the eccentricity and gas consumption of the measured air floating piston respectively. The output force of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder is loaded to the cylinder section at the same time, and the eccentricity and gas consumption are recorded, and the bearing capacity and gas consumption of the air floating piston are measured by using the method. The application has good measurement accuracy and universality.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of air cylinders, in particular to a detection device and method for bearing capacity and gas consumption of a gas-float piston of a frictionless air cylinder. BACKGROUND

[0002] Air cylinders are widely used in the field of production and manufacturing as an actuator. However, the existence of friction and its time-varying uncertainty make it difficult to achieve high-precision force servo control of traditional air cylinders.

[0003] A frictionless air cylinder designed based on the principle of static pressure gas lubrication has its moving parts and the inner wall of the cylinder separated by a high-pressure gas film, and they do not contact each other, which greatly reduces the friction between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder, thereby achieving high-precision force servo control. A general double-acting gas-float frictionless air cylinder is disclosed in Chinese patent CN107830008A, which is supplied with air and discharged independently by the hollow piston rod outside to ensure the normal operation of the gas-float frictionless air cylinder.

[0004] The frictionless air cylinder is sensitive to radial load, so it is necessary to obtain its radial bearing capacity to ensure the normal operation of the frictionless air cylinder. The gas-float piston is the main component for realizing static pressure lubrication in the frictionless air cylinder. The performance of the gas-float piston mainly refers to the change characteristics of the radial bearing capacity and the gas consumption under the influence of parameters such as supply pressure and radial load. Many researchers have conducted theoretical research on the working characteristics of the gas-float piston. At present, there is still a lack of a detection device and method for measuring the bearing capacity and gas consumption of the gas-float piston of the frictionless air cylinder. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a detection device and method for measuring the bearing capacity and gas consumption of the gas-float piston of a frictionless air cylinder, which can accurately detect the bearing capacity and gas consumption of the gas-float piston of the frictionless air cylinder.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned application purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: a detection device for measuring the bearing capacity and gas consumption of the gas-float piston of a frictionless air cylinder, comprising a frictionless gas-float loading cylinder; the frictionless gas-float loading cylinder comprises an air bearing, a cylinder front end cover, a connecting air pipe A, a cylinder barrel, a cylinder rear end cover, a gas-float piston, a gas-float piston-piston rod connecting piece, a connecting air pipe B, a floating joint, and a piston rod; the air bearing is installed at the cylinder front end cover, and the external air pipe supplies air to the air bearing through the first air port on the cylinder front end cover; the cylinder front end cover and the cylinder rear end cover are installed at both ends of the cylinder barrel; the gas-float piston and the gas-float piston-piston rod connecting piece are connected by threads; the gas-float piston-piston rod connecting piece and the piston rod are connected by the floating joint;

[0007] It also includes bearing capacity measurement module, gas consumption measurement module and high-precision pressure control system module; the bearing capacity measurement module includes measured air floating piston-cylinder section, torsion spring table and support; the measured air floating piston-cylinder section includes first support rod, cylinder section, measured air floating piston, second support rod, air floating piston-piston rod connector; the first support rod is connected with the air floating piston-piston rod connector through thread; the second support rod is connected with the measured air floating piston through thread; the measured air floating piston takes in air from the second gas port and discharges air from the first gas port; the piston rod loading head in the frictionless air floating loading cylinder is fixed with the cylinder section through ball hinge; the frictionless air floating loading cylinder is used to load the cylinder section, and the torsion spring table is used to measure the eccentricity of the measured air floating piston-cylinder section; the gas consumption measurement module includes precision pressure reducing valve E, pressure stabilizing tank D and flowmeter; the precision pressure reducing valve E is used to change the gas supply pressure of the measured air floating piston-cylinder section, and the flowmeter is used to measure the gas consumption of the measured air floating piston-cylinder section under different gas supply pressures and different eccentricities. The high-precision pressure control system module includes computer, data acquisition card, proportional directional valve, constant pressure tank, high-precision pressure sensor B and high-precision pressure sensor A; the rodless cavity gas port of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder is communicated with the constant pressure tank; the pressure values of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder are measured through high-precision pressure sensor A and high-precision pressure sensor B, the pressure data of high-precision pressure sensor B and high-precision pressure sensor A are collected by the data acquisition card and transmitted to the computer, which is used for the operation of the pressure control algorithm in the computer, and then the obtained control signal is output to the proportional directional valve to control the pressure in the constant pressure tank and the rodless cavity of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder communicated therewith.

[0008] The scheme further includes a gas supply system module, the gas supply system module includes a main gas supply system, a first sub-gas supply system, a second sub-gas supply system, a third sub-gas supply system, a fourth sub-gas supply system, and a fifth sub-gas supply system; the main gas supply system includes a gas source, a filter, a precision pressure reducing valve C, and a main gas tank; the first sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve A and a stable pressure tank A; the second sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve B and a stable pressure tank B; the third sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve D and a stable pressure tank C; the fourth sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve E and a stable pressure tank D; the fifth sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve F and a stable pressure tank E; the main gas supply system supplies gas to the main gas tank after pressure regulation by the precision pressure reducing valve C; the first sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the stable pressure tank A after pressure regulation by the precision pressure reducing valve A; the second sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the stable pressure tank B after pressure regulation by the precision pressure reducing valve B; the third sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the stable pressure tank C after pressure regulation by the precision pressure reducing valve D; the fourth sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the stable pressure tank D after pressure regulation by the precision pressure reducing valve E; the fifth sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the stable pressure tank E after pressure regulation by the precision pressure reducing valve F; the frictionless air floating loading cylinder supplies air to the air bearing and the air floating piston through the stable pressure tank B and the stable pressure tank C, realizing non-contact and frictionless movement of the piston rod and the air floating piston in the frictionless air floating loading cylinder.

[0009] In the above scheme, the first support rod includes a first taper surface and a first through hole; the second support rod includes a second taper surface and a second through hole; the first through hole and the second through hole are used to tighten the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section during assembly.

[0010] In the above scheme, the support includes a cylindrical surface, a through slot one, a first screw hole, a through slot two, and a second screw hole; the cylindrical surface cooperates with the outer cylindrical surfaces of the first support rod and the second support rod, and is fixed through the first screw hole; the through slot two is a semicircular arc through slot,

[0011] In the above scheme, the position where the cylinder barrel section is fixed with the spherical hinge is the center position of the cylinder barrel section.

[0012] In the above scheme, the frictionless air floating loading cylinder is vertically installed on a mounting beam, and the mounting beam is fixed on a profile bracket; the profile bracket is fixed on a mounting bottom plate through an angle code.

[0013] In the scheme, the mounting base comprises a threaded hole, an air float cavity A, an air float cavity B, a mounting base air inlet channel, a sealing groove, a mounting base screw hole, a threaded blind hole and a throttling orifice, the threaded hole is used for fixing the corner code, the mounting base is circumferentially provided with a sealing groove, a sealing ring is placed in the sealing groove, a screw passes through the air float cavity sealing plate through hole to press the sealing ring in the sealing groove on the air float cavity sealing plate, and the screw is tightened on the mounting base screw hole; the air float cavity A and the air float cavity B are provided with M rows and N columns of throttling orifices, the throttling orifices float the support, and are used for self-adaptive adjustment before fixing the support.

[0014] The application also provides a detection method for bearing capacity and gas consumption of a frictionless air cylinder air float piston, comprising the following steps: step 1, opening a stop valve B, adjusting a precision pressure reducing valve E, introducing high-pressure gas into a measured air float piston-cylinder barrel section, recording the current value of a torsion spring meter, then closing the stop valve B, recording the current value of the torsion spring meter again, and obtaining the value of the average gas film thickness through the difference between the two readings; step 2, opening the stop valve B again, adjusting the precision pressure reducing valve E to make the measured air float piston-cylinder barrel section reach a certain to-be-measured working condition pressure; step 3, opening a stop valve C, high-pressure gas enters the air float cavity A and the air float cavity B through the mounting base air inlet channel, is sprayed out from the throttling orifice, floats the support, and makes the support self-adaptively adjust the position, so as to achieve the effect of centering the measured air float piston and the cylinder barrel section, then the screw is tightened and the support is fixed; step 4, adjusting the precision pressure reducing valve A to make the pressure in the constant-pressure gas tank A a set value, setting the target output force of the frictionless air float loading cylinder on the computer, measuring the pressure values of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the frictionless air float loading cylinder by the high-precision pressure sensor A and the high-precision pressure sensor B, for the operation of the pressure control algorithm in the computer, then outputting the control signal obtained to the pressure in the constant-pressure gas tank and the rodless cavity of the frictionless air float loading cylinder connected thereto through the data acquisition card, so that the external output force of the frictionless air float loading cylinder reaches the target set value; step 5, recording the external output force of the frictionless air float loading cylinder, the value of the torsion spring meter and the value of the flowmeter, and obtaining the bearing capacity and gas consumption of the measured air float piston-cylinder barrel section.

[0015] The application has the beneficial effects that: the application connects the frictionless air floating loading cylinder with the bearing capacity measuring module, the gas consumption measuring module, the gas supply system module and the high-precision pressure control system module, the gas supply system module supplies air to the air floating cavities A and B in the installation bottom plate, the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section module, the air bearing inside the frictionless air floating loading cylinder and the air floating piston, the high-precision pressure control system module controls the external output force of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder, the torsion spring table and the flow meter are respectively used for measuring the eccentricity and the gas consumption of the measured air floating piston. The output force of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder is loaded to the cylinder barrel section, and the eccentricity and the gas consumption are recorded, so that the bearing capacity and the gas consumption of the frictionless air cylinder air floating piston can be accurately detected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder of the application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bearing capacity measuring module of the application.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bearing capacity measuring module of the application.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first supporting rod of the application.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second supporting rod of the application.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting seat of the application.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation bottom plate of the application.

[0024] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation bottom plate of the application.

[0025] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air floating cavity sealing plate of the application.

[0026] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the loading force control flowchart of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder of the application.

[0027] In the figure: 1 - stop valve A; 2 - constant pressure gas tank; 3 - proportional directional valve; 4 - high precision pressure sensor B; 5 - frictionless air floating loading cylinder; 6 - constant pressure gas tank A; 7 - computer; 8 - data acquisition card; 9 - high precision pressure sensor A; 10 - precision pressure reducing valve A; 11 - precision pressure reducing valve B; 12 - constant pressure gas tank B; 13 - mounting beam; 14 - main gas tank; 15 - precision pressure reducing valve C; 16 - filter; 17 - air source; 18 - profile support; 19 - precision pressure reducing valve D; 20 - constant pressure gas tank C; 21 - precision pressure reducing valve E; 22 - constant pressure gas tank D; 23 - flow meter; 24 - stop valve B; 25 - measured air floating piston-cylinder section; 26 - torsion spring table; 27 - support; 28 - precision pressure reducing valve F; 29 - constant pressure gas tank E; 30 - corner code; 31 - piston rod exhaust port; 32 - air bearing; 33 - air cylinder front end cover; 34 - air bearing air supply port; 35 - rod cavity air port; 36 - exhaust passage connecting pipe; 37 - cylinder; 38 - rodless cavity air port; 39 - air cylinder rear end cover; 40 - air floating piston; 41 - air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece; 42 - air inlet passage connecting pipe; 43 - floating joint; 44 - piston rod; 45 - piston rod air inlet; 46 - first supporting rod; 47 - first air port; 48 - cylinder truncation; 49 - piston rod loading head; 50 - spherical hinge; 51 - measured air floating piston; 52 - second supporting rod; 53 - first air flow passage; 54 - second air flow passage; 55 - second air port; 56 - radial exhaust port; 57 - piston orifice; 58 - first taper surface; 59 - first through hole; 60 - second taper surface; 61 - second through hole; 62 - cylindrical surface; 63 - through groove one; 64 - first screw hole; 65 - through groove two; 66 - second screw hole; 67 - air floating cavity sealing plate; 68 - mounting bottom plate; 69 - threaded hole; 70 - air floating cavity A; 71 - air floating cavity B; 72 - mounting bottom plate air inlet passage; 73 - sealing groove; 74 - stop valve C; 75 - mounting bottom plate screw hole; 76 - air floating cavity sealing plate through hole; 77 - threaded blind hole; 78 - throttling small hole, DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The application will be described in further detail below with specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the application is not limited thereto.

[0029] The air floating piston bearing force and air consumption detection device provided by the embodiment includes a frictionless air floating loading cylinder (5), a bearing force measurement module, an air consumption measurement module, a mounting bottom plate (68), a gas supply system module, and a high-precision pressure control system module, and each component will be introduced in more detail below.

[0030] As Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the threaded holes 69 on the mounting plate 68 are used for the fixation of the angle bracket 30, through which the profiled bracket 18 is fixed, and the mounting beam 13 is fixed on the profiled bracket 18.

[0031] As shown in the figure, Figure 2 As shown, the frictionless air floating loading cylinder 5 is vertically mounted on the mounting beam 13, and the air bearing 32 and the air floating piston 40 are supplied with air through the pressure stabilizing air tank B12 and the pressure stabilizing air tank C20, realizing the non-contact and frictionless movement of the piston rod 44 and the air floating piston 40 in the frictionless air floating loading cylinder 5. The frictionless air floating loading cylinder 5 includes the air bearing 32, the cylinder front end cover 33, the connecting air pipe A36, the cylinder barrel 37, the cylinder rear end cover 39, the air floating piston 40, the air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece 41, the connecting air pipe B42, the floating joint 43, and the piston rod 44; the air bearing 32 is mounted at the cylinder front end cover 33, and the external air pipe supplies air to the air bearing 32 through the first air port 34 on the cylinder front end cover 33; the cylinder front end cover 33 and the cylinder rear end cover 39 are mounted at both ends of the cylinder barrel 37; the air floating piston 40 and the air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece 41 are connected by threads; the air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece 41 and the piston rod 44 are connected by the floating joint 43. The friction of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder 5 is less than 0.05 Newton. The air consumption measuring module includes the precision pressure reducing valve E21, the pressure stabilizing air tank D22, and the flow meter 23;

[0032] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 , Figure 4 The bearing capacity measuring module includes the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section 25, the torsion spring table 26, and the support 27; the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section 25 includes the first supporting rod 46, the cylinder barrel cut-off 48, the measured air floating piston 51, the second supporting rod 52, and the air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece 41; the first supporting rod 46 and the air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece 41 are connected by threads; the second supporting rod 52 and the measured air floating piston 51 are connected by threads; the measured air floating piston 51 takes in air from the second air port 55 and discharges air from the first air port 47. The air consumption measuring module includes the precision pressure reducing valve E21, the pressure stabilizing air tank D22, and the flow meter 23;

[0033] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 , Figure 4 The piston rod loading head 49 in the frictionless air floating loading cylinder 5 and the cylinder barrel cut-off 48 are fixed through the spherical hinge 50, and the position where the cylinder barrel cut-off 48 and the spherical hinge 50 are fixed is the center position of the cylinder barrel cut-off 48.

[0034] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the first support rod 46 includes a first conical surface 58 and a first through hole 59; the second support rod 52 includes a second conical surface 60 and a second through hole 61; the first through hole 59 and the second through hole 61 are used to tighten the tested air-float piston-cylinder section 25 during assembly.

[0035] like Figure 7 As shown, the support 27 includes a cylindrical surface 62, a first through groove 63, a first screw hole 64, a second through groove 65, and a second screw hole 66; the cylindrical surface 62 mates with the outer cylindrical surfaces of the first support rod 46 and the second support rod 52, and is fixed by the first screw hole 64; the second through groove 65 is a semi-circular arc through groove.

[0036] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the mounting base plate 68 includes a threaded hole 69, an air flotation cavity A70, an air flotation cavity B71, an air inlet channel 72, a sealing groove 73, mounting base plate screw holes 75, a threaded blind hole 77, and a throttling orifice 78. The mounting base plate 68 has a circumferential sealing groove 73, within which a sealing ring is placed. Screws pass through the through hole 76 of the air flotation cavity sealing plate to press the sealing ring in the sealing groove 73 on the air flotation cavity sealing plate 67, and then tighten it onto the mounting base plate screw hole 75. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air flotation cavity sealing plate 67; the air flotation cavities A70 and B71 have M rows and N columns of throttling holes, which float the support 27 for adaptive adjustment before the support 27 is fixed.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas supply system module includes a main gas supply system, a first branch gas supply system, a second branch gas supply system, a third branch gas supply system, a fourth branch gas supply system, and a fifth branch gas supply system.

[0038] The main gas supply system includes a gas source 17, a filter 16, a precision pressure reducing valve C15, and a main gas tank 14; the first sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve A10 and a pressure stabilizing gas tank A6; the second sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve B11 and a pressure stabilizing gas tank B12; the third sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve D19 and a pressure stabilizing gas tank C20; the fourth sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve E21 and a pressure stabilizing gas tank D22; and the fifth sub-gas supply system includes a precision pressure reducing valve F28 and a pressure stabilizing gas tank E29.

[0039] The main gas supply system supplies gas to the main gas tank 14 through the precision pressure reducing valve C15; the first sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank A6 through the precision pressure reducing valve A10; the second sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank B12 through the precision pressure reducing valve B11; the third sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank C20 through the precision pressure reducing valve D19; the fourth sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank D22 through the precision pressure reducing valve E21; and the fifth sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank E29 through the precision pressure reducing valve F28.

[0040] The precision pressure reducing valve E21 is used to change the gas supply pressure of the measured gas floating piston-cylinder section 25, the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5 is used to load the cylinder section 48, the torsion spring table 26 is used to measure the eccentricity of the measured gas floating piston-cylinder section 25, and the flow meter 23 is used to measure the gas consumption of the measured gas floating piston-cylinder section 25 under different gas supply pressures and different eccentricities.

[0041] The high-precision pressure control system module includes a computer 7, a data acquisition card 8, a proportional directional valve 3, a constant pressure gas tank 2, a high-precision pressure sensor B4 and a high-precision pressure sensor A9; the pressure values of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5 are measured by the high-precision pressure sensor A9 and the high-precision pressure sensor B4, which are used for the operation of the pressure control algorithm in the computer 7, and the control signals obtained are output to the proportional directional valve 3 through the data acquisition card 8 to control the pressure in the constant pressure gas tank 2 and the rodless cavity of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5 connected thereto; the models of the high-precision pressure sensor B4 and the high-precision pressure sensor A9 are KELLER high-precision pressure sensors, and the accuracy is 0.01%FS;

[0042] Figure 11 The flow chart is for the loading force control of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder, the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5 is pressurized by air from the rodless cavity, and the rodless cavity air port 38 of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5 is connected with the constant pressure gas tank 2; the data acquisition card 8 collects the pressure data of the high-precision pressure sensor B4 and the high-precision pressure sensor A9 and transmits them to the computer 7, calculates the difference value of the pressure in the computer 7, multiplies the area of the circular cross section of the gas floating piston 40, and obtains the external output force of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5.

[0043] The test steps of the present application are shown as follows. Step 1: open the stop valve B24, adjust the precision pressure reducing valve E21, and input high pressure gas into the measured gas floating piston-cylinder section 25, record the current value of the torsion spring meter 26, then close the stop valve B24, and record the current value of the torsion spring meter 26 again, and the average gas film thickness value is obtained by the difference between the two readings. Step 2: open the stop valve B24 again, adjust the precision pressure reducing valve E21 to make the measured gas floating piston-cylinder section 25 to a certain to-be-measured working condition pressure; Step 3: open the stop valve C74, and high pressure gas enters the gas floating cavity A70 and the gas floating cavity B71 through the installation bottom plate gas inlet channel 72, and is sprayed out from the throttle small hole 78, which makes the support 27 float up and self-adaptively adjust the position, so as to achieve the effect of the measured gas floating piston 51 and the cylinder section 48 pair, and then the screw is tightened and the support 27 is fixed; Step 4: adjust the precision pressure reducing valve A10 to make the pressure in the constant pressure gas tank A6 a set value, set the target output force of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5 on the computer 7, and the high precision pressure sensor A9 and the high precision pressure sensor B4 measure the pressure values of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5, which are used for the operation of the pressure control algorithm in the computer 7, and then the control signal obtained is output to the proportional directional valve 3 to control the pressure in the constant pressure gas tank 2 and the rodless cavity of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5 connected thereto, so that the external output force of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5 reaches the target set value; Step 5: record the external output force of the frictionless gas floating loading cylinder 5, the value of the torsion spring meter 26 and the value of the flowmeter 23, and the bearing capacity and gas consumption of the measured gas floating piston-cylinder section 25 can be obtained.

[0044] The embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and any obvious improvements, replacements or modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the bearing capacity and air consumption of a frictionless air cylinder, comprising a frictionless air cylinder (5); The frictionless air cylinder (5) comprises an air bearing (32), a cylinder front end cover (33), a connecting air pipe A (36), a cylinder barrel (37), a cylinder rear end cover (39), an air floating piston (40), an air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece (41), a connecting air pipe B (42), a floating joint (43), and a piston rod (44); the air bearing (32) is installed at the cylinder front end cover (33), and an external air pipe supplies air to the air bearing (32) through a first air port (34) on the cylinder front end cover (33); the cylinder front end cover (33) and the cylinder rear end cover (39) are installed at both ends of the cylinder barrel (37); the air floating piston (40) and the air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece (41) are connected by threads; the air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece (41) and the piston rod (44) are connected by the floating joint (43); characterized in that It also comprises a bearing capacity measuring module, an air consumption measuring module, and a high-precision pressure control system module; The bearing capacity measuring module comprises a measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section (25), a torsion spring gauge (26), and a support (27); the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section (25) comprises a first supporting rod (46), a cylinder barrel cut-off (48), a measured air floating piston (51), a second supporting rod (52), and an air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece (41); the first supporting rod (46) and the air floating piston-piston rod connecting piece (41) are connected by threads; the second supporting rod (52) and the measured air floating piston (51) are connected by threads; the measured air floating piston (51) takes in air from a second air port (55) and discharges air from a first air port (47); the piston rod loading head (49) in the frictionless air cylinder (5) and the cylinder barrel cut-off (48) are fixed by a spherical hinge (50); the frictionless air cylinder (5) is used to load the cylinder barrel cut-off (48), and the torsion spring gauge (26) is used to measure the eccentricity of the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section (25). The air consumption measuring module comprises a precision pressure reducing valve E (21), a pressure stabilizing tank D (22), and a flowmeter (23); the precision pressure reducing valve E (21) is used to change the air supply pressure of the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section (25), and the flowmeter (23) is used to measure the air consumption of the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section (25) under different air supply pressures and different eccentricities.

2. The frictionless air cylinder floating piston load force and air consumption detection device according to claim 1, characterized by, The high-precision pressure control system module comprises a computer (7), a data acquisition card (8), a proportional directional valve (3), a constant pressure gas tank (2), a high-precision pressure sensor B (4) and a high-precision pressure sensor A (9); the rodless cavity air port (38) of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder (5) is communicated with the constant pressure gas tank (2); the pressure values of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder (5) are measured through the high-precision pressure sensor A (9) and the high-precision pressure sensor B (4), the pressure data of the high-precision pressure sensor B (4) and the high-precision pressure sensor A (9) are collected by the data acquisition card (8) and transmitted to the computer (7), which is used for the operation of the pressure control algorithm in the computer (7), and then the obtained control signal is output to the proportional directional valve (3) through the data acquisition card (8) to control the pressure in the constant pressure gas tank (2) and the rodless cavity of the frictionless air floating loading cylinder (5) communicated with the constant pressure gas tank (2); It also comprises a gas supply system module, the gas supply system module comprises a main gas supply system, a first sub-gas supply system, a second sub-gas supply system, a third sub-gas supply system, a fourth sub-gas supply system and a fifth sub-gas supply system; The main gas supply system comprises a gas source (17), a filter (16), a precision pressure reducing valve C (15) and a main gas tank (14); The first sub-gas supply system comprises a precision pressure reducing valve A (10) and a constant pressure gas tank A (6); The second sub-gas supply system comprises a precision pressure reducing valve B (11) and a constant pressure gas tank B (12); The third sub-gas supply system comprises a precision pressure reducing valve D (19) and a constant pressure gas tank C (20); The fourth sub-gas supply system comprises a precision pressure reducing valve E (21) and a constant pressure gas tank D (22); The fifth sub-gas supply system comprises a precision pressure reducing valve F (28) and a constant pressure gas tank E (29); The main gas supply system supplies gas to the main gas tank (14) after pressure regulation through the precision pressure reducing valve C (15); the first sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank A (6) after pressure regulation through the precision pressure reducing valve A (10); the second sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank B (12) after pressure regulation through the precision pressure reducing valve B (11); the third sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank C (20) after pressure regulation through the precision pressure reducing valve D (19); the fourth sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank D (22) after pressure regulation through the precision pressure reducing valve E (21); the fifth sub-gas supply system supplies gas to the constant pressure gas tank E (29) after pressure regulation through the precision pressure reducing valve F (28); The frictionless air floating loading cylinder (5) supplies air to the air bearing (32) and the air floating piston (40) through the constant pressure gas tank B (12) and the constant pressure gas tank C (20), so as to realize the non-contact and frictionless movement of the piston rod (44) and the air floating piston (40) in the frictionless air floating loading cylinder (5); The frictionless air floating loading cylinder (5) is vertically installed on the mounting beam (13), and the mounting beam (13) is fixed on the profile support (18); the profile support (18) is fixed on the mounting bottom plate (68) through the corner code (30). The mounting base (68) includes a threaded hole (69) for fixing the corner code (30), an air floating cavity A (70), an air floating cavity B (71), a mounting base air inlet channel (72), a sealing groove (73), a mounting base screw hole (75), a threaded blind hole (77), and a throttling orifice (78). The mounting base (68) has a sealing groove (73) in the circumferential direction, and a sealing ring is placed in the sealing groove (73). The sealing ring in the sealing groove (73) on the air floating cavity sealing plate (67) is pressed tightly by a screw passing through the air floating cavity sealing plate through hole (76), and the screw is tightened on the mounting base screw hole (75). The air floating cavity A (70) and the air floating cavity B (71) have M rows and N columns of throttling orifices, which float the support (27) and are used for self-adaptive adjustment before fixing the support (27).

3. The frictionless air cylinder floating piston load force and air consumption detection device according to claim 1, characterized by, In the bearing capacity measurement module, the first support rod (46) includes a first conical surface (58) and a first through hole (59); the second support rod (52) includes a second conical surface (60) and a second through hole (61); and the first through hole (59) and the second through hole (61) are used for tightening the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section (25) during assembly.

4. The frictionless air cylinder floating piston load force and air consumption detection device according to claim 2, characterized by, The support (27) includes a cylindrical surface (62), a through groove one (63), a first screw hole (64), a through groove two (65), and a second screw hole (66). The cylindrical surface (62) cooperates with the outer cylindrical surfaces of the first support rod (46) and the second support rod (52), and is fixed through the first screw hole (64). The through groove two (65) is a semicircular arc through groove.

5. A method of detection using the apparatus of claim 3, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: open the stop valve B (24), adjust the precision pressure reducing valve E (21), and introduce high-pressure gas into the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section (25). Record the current value of the torsion spring meter (26), then close the stop valve B (24), and record the current value of the torsion spring meter (26) again. The average gas film thickness value is obtained by the difference between the two readings; Step 2: open the stop valve B (24) again, and adjust the precision pressure reducing valve E (21) to make the measured air floating piston-cylinder barrel section (25) reach a certain to-be-measured working condition pressure; Step 3: open the stop valve C (74), and high-pressure gas enters the air floating cavity A (70) and the air floating cavity B (71) through the mounting base air inlet channel (72), and is sprayed out from the throttling orifice (78). The support (27) is floated and self-adaptively adjusted to the position, so as to achieve the effect of centering the measured air floating piston (51) and the cylinder barrel section (48). Then, the screw is tightened and the support (27) is fixed. Step 4: Adjust the precision pressure reducing valve A (10) so that the pressure in the constant pressure gas tank A (6) is a set value, set the target output force of the frictionless gas cushion loading cylinder (5) on the computer (7), and measure the pressure values of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the frictionless gas cushion loading cylinder (5) by high-precision pressure sensor A (9) and high-precision pressure sensor B (4) for the operation of the pressure control algorithm in the computer (7). The control signal obtained will be output to the proportional directional valve (3) through the data acquisition card (8) to control the pressure in the constant pressure gas tank (2) and the rodless cavity of the frictionless gas cushion loading cylinder (5) connected thereto, so that the external output force of the frictionless gas cushion loading cylinder (5) reaches the target set value; Step 5: Record the external output force of the frictionless gas cushion loading cylinder (5), the value of the torsion spring table (26), and the value of the flowmeter (23) to obtain the bearing capacity and gas consumption of the measured gas cushion piston-cylinder section (25).

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