Dual-beam antenna

Abstract

This invention provides a dual-beam antenna, belonging to the field of antenna technology, to solve the technical problem of mutual interference between beams. The dual-beam antenna includes at least one antenna module, which includes a first polarization port, a second polarization port, multiple radiating elements arranged in an array, and multiple connecting lines. The array has at least two columns of radiating elements along a first direction and at least one row of radiating elements along a second direction. Each radiating element is connected to the first polarization port and the second polarization port via connecting lines, and the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees along at least one of the first and second directions. When at least one of the first and second polarization ports receives a signal input, a dual beam is formed relative to the direction of the phase difference. A dual beam can be formed using at least one polarization port, and the beams in the dual beam are independent of each other, without crossing, thus avoiding mutual interference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to a dual-beam antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of technology, communication technology has developed rapidly. The ever-increasing number of mobile users has led to increasingly dense network coverage, making it difficult for single-beam antennas to meet user needs in areas with high channel capacity requirements. To increase channel capacity, one approach is to increase the number of antennas; another is to use dual-beam antennas. Using dual-beam antennas can reduce the number of antennas on poles while still meeting channel capacity requirements. However, dual-beam antennas suffer from mutual interference between their beams. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a dual-beam antenna for reducing interference between beams of a dual-beam antenna.

[0004] This invention provides a dual-beam antenna module, which includes at least one antenna module. The antenna module includes a first polarization port, a second polarization port, a plurality of spaced radiating elements, and a plurality of connecting lines. The plurality of radiating elements form an array. The array has at least two columns of radiating elements along a first direction and at least one row of radiating elements along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0005] Each of the radiating elements is connected to the first polarization port and to the second polarization port via the connecting line, and the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees along at least one of the first and second directions.

[0006] The first polarization port and the second polarization port are used to receive the signal input of the dual beam. When at least one of the first polarization port and the second polarization port receives the signal input, the plurality of radiation elements form a dual beam with the direction opposite to the phase difference.

[0007] In some possible embodiments, along the first direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees, and the dual beam comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0008] And / or, along the second direction, the phase difference between each pair of adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees, and the dual beam comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction.

[0009] In some possible embodiments, each of the radiating elements includes a first polarization element and a second polarization element arranged in a cross configuration, and the plurality of connecting lines include a first feed line, a second feed line, a third feed line, and a fourth feed line. The antenna module also includes a first feed interface and a second feed interface corresponding to each column of the radiating elements.

[0010] Each of the first feed interfaces is connected to the first polarization port by a first feed wire, and is connected to the first polarization element of each corresponding column of the radiation unit by a second feed wire.

[0011] Each of the second power supply interfaces is connected to the second polarization port by a third power supply line, and is connected to the second polarization element of each corresponding column of the radiation unit by a fourth power supply line.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, the array has one row of the radiating elements along the second direction;

[0013] Along the first direction, the length of the first feed line or the length of the second feed line corresponding to the radiating element increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna;

[0014] And / or, along the first direction, the length of the third feed line or the length of the fourth feed line corresponding to the radiating element increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna.

[0015] In some possible embodiments, the array has multiple rows of the radiating elements along the second direction;

[0016] The length of the second feed line corresponding to the radiating element in the same row and / or the radiating element in the same column increases sequentially, with the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the first feed line corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating elements is the same;

[0017] Alternatively, the length of the first feed line corresponding to two adjacent columns of the radiating elements increases sequentially by half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the second feed line corresponding to the radiating elements in the same row is the same.

[0018] In some possible embodiments, the array has multiple rows of the radiating elements along the second direction;

[0019] The length of the fourth feed line corresponding to the radiating element in the same row and / or the radiating element in the same column increases sequentially, with the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the third feed line corresponding to the radiating elements in two adjacent columns is the same;

[0020] Alternatively, the length of the third feed line corresponding to two adjacent columns of the radiating elements increases sequentially by half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the fourth feed line corresponding to the radiating elements in the same row is the same.

[0021] In some possible embodiments, in the first direction, the phase difference between each pair of adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees, and the dual beam comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction;

[0022] The pointing θ1 of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the distance d1 between two adjacent radiating elements along the first direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna have the following formulas:

[0023]

[0024] In some possible embodiments, the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction have a lobe width in the first direction that is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements in the first direction, and a lobe width in the second direction that is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements in the second direction.

[0025] In some possible embodiments, along the second direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees, and the dual beam comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction;

[0026] The pointing θ2 of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction, the distance d2 between two adjacent radiating elements along the second direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna have the following formulas:

[0027]

[0028] In some possible embodiments, the lobe width of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements in the first direction, and the lobe width in the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements in the second direction.

[0029] The dual-beam antenna of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0030] The dual-beam antenna of this invention includes at least one antenna module. In the antenna module, along at least one of a first direction and a second direction, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees to form a dual beam. Each radiating element can achieve a single-polarized dual beam by being fed through one polarization port (either a first polarization port or a second polarization port), or a dual-polarized dual beam by being fed through two polarization ports (a first polarization port and a second polarization port). The beams in the dual beam are independent of each other, with no overlapping areas, thus avoiding mutual interference. Furthermore, the first polarization port, the second polarization port, the first feed interface, the second feed interface, the first polarization element, and the second polarization element are connected by wiring for feeding. The feeding network is simple, eliminating the need for additional power supplies, Butler matrices, etc., reducing feeding losses and saving costs.

[0031] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions as described above, other technical problems that can be solved by the dual-beam antenna provided by the embodiments of the present invention, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further explained in detail in the specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-beam antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the phase of a radiating element in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is another schematic diagram of the phase of the radiating element in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is yet another schematic diagram of the phase of the radiating element in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is another schematic diagram of the phase of the radiating element in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-beam configuration in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The horizontal radiation pattern of the dual beams;

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 6 The vertical radiation pattern of the dual beams;

[0041] Figure 9 This is another schematic diagram of the dual beams in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The horizontal radiation pattern of the dual beams;

[0043] Figure 11 for Figure 9 The vertical radiation pattern of the dual beams;

[0044] Figure 12 This is another schematic diagram of the dual-beam configuration in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The vertical radiation pattern of the dual beams;

[0046] Figure 14 This is another schematic diagram of the dual beam in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 15 for Figure 14 The vertical radiation pattern of the dual beams;

[0048] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiating unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the radiation unit and the first polarization port and the second polarization port in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 19 for Figure 18 A schematic diagram showing the lengths of the first and second feed lines of the antenna module in the diagram;

[0052] Figure 20 for Figure 18 Another schematic diagram showing the lengths of the first and second feed lines of the antenna module in the diagram;

[0053] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 22for Figure 21 A schematic diagram showing the lengths of the first and second feed lines of the antenna module in the image;

[0055] Figure 23 for Figure 21 The second schematic diagram shows the lengths of the first and second feed lines of the antenna module.

[0056] Figure 24 for Figure 21 The third schematic diagram shows the lengths of the first and second feed lines of the antenna module.

[0057] Figure 25 for Figure 21 The fourth schematic diagram shows the lengths of the first and second feed lines of the antenna module.

[0058] Figure 26 for Figure 21 The fifth schematic diagram shows the lengths of the first and second feed lines of the antenna module.

[0059] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0060] 1-Antenna module; 10-Radiating element;

[0061] 11-First polarization element; 12-Second polarization element;

[0062] 21 - First polarization port; 22 - Second polarization port;

[0063] 31-First power supply interface; 32-Second power supply interface;

[0064] 41-First feeder line; 42-Second feeder line;

[0065] 43 - Third feeder line; 44 - Fourth feeder line. Detailed Implementation

[0066] Related technologies suffer from beam interference issues in dual-beam antennas. The inventors discovered that this is because dual beams are formed by combining two independent beams, which have an overlapping region. The lobes (e.g., sidelobes) of one beam fall within the region of the other, causing interference. Furthermore, to generate dual beams, a specific beamforming network is required in the antenna. This network introduces insertion loss, resulting in low gain, and occupies space. Additionally, dual-beam antennas employ a dual-feed method, using one polarization port to generate one beam, leading to complex and costly feeding circuitry.

[0067] This invention provides a dual-beam antenna. Each radiating element is connected to a first polarization port and a second polarization port via a connecting line. Along at least one of the first and second directions, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees. A single-polarized dual beam can be formed using either the first or the second polarization port, and a dual-polarized dual beam can be formed using both the first and the second polarization ports. The beams in the dual beams are independent of each other and there is no overlapping area, thus avoiding mutual interference.

[0068] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] See Figure 1 This invention provides a dual-beam antenna, which includes at least one antenna module 1. The number of antenna modules 1 can be selected according to the requirements of the application scenario to enable the dual-beam antenna to have the required beamwidth and gain. The more antenna modules 1 there are, the smaller the beamwidth and the greater the gain of the dual-beam antenna. When there are multiple antenna modules 1, the multiple antenna modules 1 are arranged at equal intervals. For example, three antenna modules 1 are provided, and the three antenna modules 1 are arranged along the horizontal direction (…). Figure 1 The antenna modules 1 are evenly spaced (as shown in the X direction). One antenna module 1 can generate one or two dual beams. One dual beam consists of two symmetrical beams, and two dual beams consist of four symmetrical beams.

[0070] Continue reading Figure 1 An antenna module 1 includes a first polarization port 21, a second polarization port 22, multiple radiating elements 10, and multiple connecting lines. The first polarization port 21 and each radiating element 10, as well as the second polarization port 22 and each radiating element 10, are electrically connected via connecting lines to control the polarization of the formed dual beam. Furthermore, the first polarization port 21 and each radiating element 10, and the second polarization port 22 and each radiating element 10, are connected only via connecting lines, eliminating the need for electrical cables, Butler matrices, etc., thus reducing feed losses and saving costs. By using connecting lines, at least one of the first and second directions is achieved, with a 180-degree phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10, to form a dual beam.

[0071] The polarization directions of the first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22 are orthogonal; for example, the first polarization port 21 is a +45° polarization port, and the second polarization port 22 is a -45° polarization port. Using the first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22, dual-beam dual-polarization or dual-beam single-polarization can be achieved. The first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22 are used to receive the signal input of the dual beam. When at least one of the first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22 receives the signal input, the plurality of radiating elements 10 form a dual beam with the direction corresponding to the phase difference. When either the first polarization port 21 or the second polarization port 22 receives the signal input, the plurality of radiating elements 10 form a dual beam with the direction corresponding to the phase difference and single-polarized. When both the first polarization port 21 and the second polarization port 22 receive the signal input, the plurality of radiating elements 10 form a dual beam with the direction corresponding to the phase difference and dual-polarized.

[0072] Multiple radiating elements 10 are spaced apart and form an array. This array has at least two columns of radiating elements 10 along a first direction and at least one row of radiating elements 10 along a second direction, with the first and second directions perpendicular to each other. Through the at least two columns and at least one row of radiating elements 10, the antenna module 1 forms a dual-beam. The first direction is the row direction of the array, and the second direction is the column direction of the array, with the row and column directions perpendicular to each other. The row direction is as follows... Figure 1 The horizontal direction (X direction) and column direction are shown in the figure. Figure 1 The vertical direction (Y direction) is shown in the diagram.

[0073] In some examples, the array has two columns of radiating elements 10 along a first direction and one row of radiating elements 10 along a second direction, meaning the array comprises two radiating elements 10 arranged in a 2x1 (2x1) row. In other examples, the array has two columns of radiating elements 10 along the first direction and two rows of radiating elements 10 along the second direction, meaning the array comprises four radiating elements 10 arranged in a 2x2 (2x2) row. In still other examples, the array has four columns of radiating elements 10 along the first direction and five rows of radiating elements 10 along the second direction, meaning the array comprises twenty radiating elements 10 arranged in a 5x4 (5x4) row.

[0074] Continue reading Figure 1Along at least one of the first and second directions, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, forming a dual beam corresponding to the direction. That is, the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 in each row is 180 degrees, forming two beams corresponding to the first direction. Alternatively, the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 in each column is 180 degrees, forming two beams corresponding to the second direction. Or, the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 in each column and in each row is 180 degrees, forming four beams corresponding to both the first and second directions. Each beam may have multiple lobes (at least one main lobe and at least zero side lobes), and the number of lobes is related to the number of radiating elements 10.

[0075] It is understood that when the array has a row of radiating elements 10, there are no two radiating elements 10 along the second direction. Along the first direction, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, which can form a dual-beam configuration. For example, see [reference needed]. Figure 2 Each row has three radiating units 10. Along the first direction, the phases of these three radiating units 10 are 0 degrees, 180 degrees and 360 degrees respectively. The phase difference between the first and second radiating units 10 is 180 degrees, and the phase difference between the second and third radiating units 10 is 180 degrees.

[0076] When the array has multiple rows of radiating elements 10, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees along the first direction and / or the second direction, which can form one or two dual beams. Specifically, along the first direction, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, and the dual beams include two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction; and / or, along the second direction, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, and the dual beams include two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction.

[0077] In some embodiments, the array comprises a row of multiple columns, i.e., a row has multiple radiating elements 10, and the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 along a first direction is 180 degrees. All radiating elements 10 form a dual beam, which comprises two beams symmetrically distributed in a vertical plane relative to the first direction.

[0078] For example, see Figure 2 The array includes three radiating elements 10 arranged along a first direction. Along this first direction, the phases of the three radiating elements 10 are 0 degrees, 180 degrees, and 360 degrees, respectively. These three radiating elements 10 form a dual-beam array, comprising two beams. For example... Figure 2As shown, when the first direction is the X direction, the second direction is the Y direction, and the third direction is the Z direction, the third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are all perpendicular to each other. The plane perpendicular to the first direction is the YZ plane.

[0079] In other embodiments, the array comprises multiple rows and columns. In some possible examples, the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees along a first direction, and the phases of two adjacent radiating elements 10 are equal along a second direction. All radiating elements 10 form a dual-beam array comprising two beams symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical plane relative to the first direction.

[0080] For example, see Figure 3 The array comprises three rows and two columns. Along the first direction, the radiating elements 10 in the first column are all 0 degrees in phase, and the radiating elements 10 in the second column are all 180 degrees in phase. All radiating elements 10 form a dual-beam array, which consists of two beams. Figure 3 As shown, when the first direction is the X direction, the second direction is the Y direction, and the third direction is the Z direction, the third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are all perpendicular to each other. The plane perpendicular to the first direction is the YZ plane.

[0081] In some other possible examples, along the first direction, the phase between two adjacent radiating elements 10 is equal, and along the second direction, the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees. All radiating elements 10 form a dual beam, which comprises two beams symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical plane relative to the second direction.

[0082] For example, see Figure 4 The array comprises three rows and two columns. Along the second direction, the phase of the radiating elements 10 in the first row is 0 degrees, the phase of the radiating elements 10 in the second row is 180 degrees, and the phase of the radiating elements 10 in the third row is 360 degrees. All radiating elements 10 form a dual-beam, which consists of two beams. Figure 4 As shown, when the first direction is the X direction, the second direction is the Y direction, and the third direction is the Z direction, the third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are all perpendicular to each other. The plane perpendicular to the second direction is the XZ plane.

[0083] In some other possible examples, the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees along the first direction, and the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 is equal to 180 degrees along the second direction. All radiating elements 10 form a dual beam comprising four beams, which are symmetrically distributed with respect to the vertical plane of the first direction and with respect to the vertical plane of the second direction.

[0084] For example, see Figure 5The array comprises three rows and two columns. Along the first direction, the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the first row and the first and second columns are 0 degrees and 180 degrees, respectively; the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the second row and the first and second columns are 180 degrees and 360 degrees, respectively; and the phases of the radiating elements 10 in the third row and the first and second columns are 360 ​​degrees and 540 degrees, respectively. All radiating elements 10 form a dual-beam array, comprising four beams. Figure 5 As shown, when the first direction is the X direction, the second direction is the Y direction, and the third direction is the Z direction, the third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. These four beams are separated by the YZ plane and by the XZ plane, and are symmetrically distributed relative to both the YZ plane and the XZ plane.

[0085] In an embodiment where the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction is 180 degrees, and the dual-beam configuration comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction, the pointing θ1 of these two beams, the distance d1 between two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna have the following formulas:

[0086]

[0087] It is understandable that the direction of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction is related to the distance of the radiating element 10 in the first direction. Given the pointing angle θ1 of the beams and the wavelength λ or frequency f of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, the distance d1 of the radiating element 10 along the first direction can be calculated using the formula described above.

[0088] The lobe width of the beam separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements 10 in the first direction, and the lobe width of the two beams in the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements 10 in the second direction. That is, the more radiating elements 10 there are in the first direction, the smaller the lobe width of the beam separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction; the more radiating elements 10 there are in the second direction, the smaller the lobe width of the beam separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction.

[0089] Taking the implementation of single polarization using the first polarization port 21, and the phase difference between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction being 180 degrees (i.e., the phase difference between two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 being 180 degrees), when the direction of the two beams formed is 30 degrees (i.e., 30 degrees away from the Z direction), the distance between two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction is calculated according to the above formula as the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, i.e., d1 = λ.

[0090] In some examples, see Figures 6 to 8The array has two radiating elements 10 along the first direction (X direction) and one radiating element 10 along the second direction (Y direction), such as... Figure 6 As shown, the radiating element 10 forms two horizontal beams (the two beams are separated by the YZ plane), as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the 3dB beamwidth of these two beams is 32 degrees in the horizontal direction and 65 degrees in the vertical direction. That is, the beamwidth in the first direction is 32 degrees and the beamwidth in the second direction is 65 degrees.

[0091] In other examples, see Figures 9 to 11 The array has two radiating elements 10 along the first direction (X direction) and five radiating elements 10 along the second direction (Y direction), such as... Figure 9 As shown, two horizontal beams are formed (the two beams are separated by the YZ plane), as... Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the 3dB beamwidth of these two beams is 32 degrees in the horizontal direction and 14 degrees in the vertical direction. That is, the beamwidth in the first direction is 32 degrees and the beamwidth in the second direction is 14 degrees.

[0092] In some other examples, see Figure 12 and Figure 13 The array has four radiating elements 10 along the first direction (X direction) and five radiating elements 10 along the second direction (Y direction), forming two horizontal beams (separated by the YZ plane). The 3dB beamwidth of these two beams is 16 degrees in the horizontal direction and 14 degrees in the vertical direction. That is, the beamwidth in the first direction is 16 degrees and the beamwidth in the second direction is 14 degrees.

[0093] Taking the implementation of single polarization using the first polarization port 21, with a phase difference of 180 degrees between each two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction (i.e., a phase difference of 180 degrees between two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10), as an example, when the direction of the formed beam is 45 degrees (i.e., deviating from the Z direction by 30 degrees), according to the above formula, the spacing between two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction is 0.707 wavelengths of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, i.e., d1 = 0.707λ.

[0094] The array has 4 radiating elements 10 along the first direction (X direction) and 5 radiating elements 10 along the second direction (Y direction), such as... Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, two horizontal beams are formed (the two beams are separated by the YZ plane). The 3dB beamwidth of these two beams is 16 degrees in the horizontal direction and 14 degrees in the vertical direction. That is, the beamwidth in the first direction is 16 degrees and the beamwidth in the second direction is 14 degrees.

[0095] In an embodiment where the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees along the second direction, and the dual-beam configuration comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction, the pointing direction θ2 of these two beams, the distance d2 between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the second direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency of the antenna are given by the following formula:

[0096]

[0097] It is understandable that the pointing of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction is related to the distance of the radiating element 10 in the second direction. When the pointing angle of the beams is obtained, and the wavelength λ or frequency f of the center frequency point of the dual-beam antenna is obtained, the distance d2 of the radiating element 10 along the second direction can be obtained.

[0098] The lobe width of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements 10 in the first direction, and the lobe width in the second direction is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements 10 in the second direction. That is, the more radiating elements 10 there are in the first direction, the smaller the lobe width of the two beams separated by the plane perpendicular to the second direction in the first direction; the more radiating elements 10 there are in the second direction, the smaller the lobe width of the two beams separated by the plane perpendicular to the second direction in the second direction. For details, please refer to the embodiment in the first direction, which will not be repeated here.

[0099] The beam pointing can be adjusted by adjusting the distance d1 between two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction and / or the distance d2 between two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the second direction; the beam width in the first direction and / or the beam width in the second direction can be adjusted by adjusting the number of radiating elements 10 in the first direction and / or the second direction, thereby meeting the coverage requirements according to different scenario needs and improving the application range of the dual-beam antenna.

[0100] In some possible embodiments, see Figure 16 and Figure 17 Each radiating element 10 includes a first polarizing element 11 and a second polarizing element 12 arranged in a cross configuration, and multiple connecting lines including a first feed line 41, a second feed line 42, a third feed line 43, and a fourth feed line 44. The antenna module 1 also includes a first feed interface 31 and a second feed interface 32 corresponding to each column of radiating elements 10; each first feed interface 31 is connected to a first polarization port 21 by a first feed line 41, and is connected to a second feed line 42 between it and the first polarizing element 11 of the corresponding column of radiating elements 10; each second feed interface 32 is connected to a second polarization port 22 by a third feed line 43, and is connected to a fourth feed line 44 between it and the second polarizing element 12 of the corresponding column of radiating elements 10.

[0101] With this configuration, by controlling at least one of the lengths of the first feed line 41, the second feed line 42, the third feed line 43, and the fourth feed line 44, the phase of each radiating element 10 can be controlled, thereby obtaining the required phase difference. At least two adjacent radiating elements 10 in the same row or column will have a phase difference of 180 degrees to achieve dual-beam configuration. Each radiating element 10 can achieve single-polarization dual-beam configuration by being fed through one polarization port (first polarization port 21 or second polarization port 22), and dual-polarization dual-beam configuration by being fed through two polarization ports (first polarization port 21 and second polarization port 22). The beams in the aforementioned dual-beam configuration are independent of each other and have no overlapping areas, thus avoiding mutual interference. In addition, the first polarization port 21, the second polarization port 22, the first power supply interface 31, the second power supply interface 32, the first polarization element 11 and the second polarization element 12 are connected by wiring to provide power supply. The power supply network is simple and does not require the addition of power supply cars, Butler matrices, etc., which reduces power supply loss and saves costs. It can be applied to base station coverage, cell coverage and special scenario coverage.

[0102] Specifically, each column of radiating elements 10 is provided with a first feed interface 31 and a second feed interface 32. Each first feed interface 31, each first polarization element 11, and each first polarization port 21 are electrically connected. Each second feed interface 32, each second polarization element 12, and each second polarization port 22 are electrically connected to achieve single polarization or dual polarization of the antenna module 1. For example, when a signal is input to the first polarization port 21, the first polarization port 21 causes each first polarization element 11 to undergo single polarization through each first feed interface 31.

[0103] Each column of radiating elements 10 is provided with a first feed interface 31 and a second feed interface 32. The first polarization element 11 of each radiating element 10 in each column is electrically connected to the first feed interface 31 corresponding to that column of radiating elements 10, and the second polarization element 12 of each radiating element 10 in each column is electrically connected to the second feed interface 32 corresponding to that column of radiating elements 10. All first feed interfaces 31 are electrically connected to the first polarization port 21, and all second feed interfaces 32 are electrically connected to the second polarization port 22.

[0104] In some possible implementations, each first feed interface 31 is connected to a first polarization port 21 by a first feed wire 41. The number of first feed wires 41 is the same as the number of first feed interfaces 31, and multiple first feed wires 41 correspond to multiple first feed interfaces 31. One end of each first feed wire 41 is connected to a first polarization port 21, and the other end is connected to a corresponding first feed interface 31. A second feed wire 42 is connected between the first polarization element 11 of each column of radiating units 10 and the corresponding first feed interface 31. The number of second feed wires 42 is the same as the number of radiating elements in each column, and multiple second feed wires 42 correspond to multiple radiating elements in each column. One end of each second feed wire 42 is connected to a first feed interface 31, and the other end is connected to the first polarization element 11 of the corresponding radiating unit 10.

[0105] Each second feed interface 32 is connected to a second polarization port 22 by a third feed line 43. The number of third feed lines 43 is the same as the number of second feed interfaces 32, and multiple third feed lines 43 correspond to multiple second feed interfaces 32. One end of each third feed line 43 is connected to a second polarization port 22, and the other end is connected to a corresponding second feed interface 32. Each column of radiating elements 10 has a second polarization element 12 connected to a corresponding second feed interface 32 by a fourth feed line 44. The number of fourth feed lines 44 is the same as the number of radiating elements in each column, and multiple fourth feed lines 44 correspond to multiple radiating elements in each column. One end of each fourth feed line 44 is connected to a second feed interface 32, and the other end is connected to the corresponding second polarization element 12 of the radiating element 10.

[0106] In some possible embodiments, see Figure 18 The array has a row of radiating elements 10 along the second direction; along the first direction, the length of the first feed line 41 or the second feed line 42 corresponding to the radiating element 10 increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna; and / or, along the first direction, the length of the third feed line 43 or the fourth feed line 44 corresponding to the radiating element 10 increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna. With this configuration, the phase difference between two adjacent radiating elements 10 in a row of radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, achieving single-polarized or dual-polarized dual-beams.

[0107] Taking the single polarization of antenna module 1 through the first polarization port 21 as an example, such as Figure 19 As shown, along the first direction from left to right, the length of the first feed line 41 corresponding to the radiating unit 10 increases sequentially by 0.5λ, and the lengths of the second feed lines 42 are all equal to b. Alternatively, as... Figure 20As shown, along the first direction from left to right, the lengths of the first feed lines 41 are all equal, each equal to 'a'. The lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the radiating units 10 increase sequentially, with an increase of 0.5λ. It can be understood that along the first direction from left to right, the lengths of the first feed lines 41 or second feed lines 42 corresponding to the radiating units 10 decrease sequentially; that is, along the first direction from right to left, the lengths of the first feed lines 41 or second feed lines 42 corresponding to the radiating units 10 increase sequentially.

[0108] When antenna module 1 is single-polarized via the second polarization port 22, the length relationship between the third feed line 43 and the fourth feed line 44 can be referenced to the length relationship between the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42, and will not be repeated here. When the length of the first feed line 41 or the second feed line 42 corresponding to the radiating element 10 increases sequentially along the first direction, and the increase is equal to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the third feed line 43 or the fourth feed line 44 corresponding to the radiating element 10 increases sequentially along the first direction, and the increase is equal to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, dual polarization of antenna module 1 is achieved. At this time, the length relationship between the first feed line 41, the second feed line 42, the third feed line 43, and the fourth feed line 44 can be combined with the length relationship between the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 when antenna module 1 is single-polarized via the first polarization port 21, and the length relationship between the third feed line 43 and the fourth feed line 44 when antenna module 1 is single-polarized via the second polarization port 22, and will not be repeated here.

[0109] In some possible embodiments, the array has multiple rows of spaced radiating elements 10 along the second direction. The length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the same row of radiating elements 10 and / or the same column of radiating elements 10 increases sequentially by half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the first feed line 41 corresponding to adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 is the same; or, the length of the first feed line 41 corresponding to adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 increases sequentially by half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the same row of radiating elements 10 is the same. With the above configuration, dual beams can be generated through the first polarization port 21, and single polarization of the dual beams can be achieved.

[0110] Based on the above embodiments, see below for some possible implementations. Figures 21 to 24 The lengths of the first feed lines 41 corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating units 10 are the same, that is, the lengths of the first feed lines 41 are equal and are all equal to b. At this time, the lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to each radiating unit 10 can increase sequentially along the row direction, sequentially along the column direction, or sequentially along both the row and column directions.

[0111] The length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to each radiating unit 10 can increase sequentially along the row direction. This means that the length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the radiating unit 10 in the same row increases sequentially, and the length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the radiating unit 10 in the same column is equal. With this configuration, along the first direction, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating units 10 is 180 degrees, that is, the phase difference between two adjacent columns of radiating units 10 is 180 degrees.

[0112] Taking a three-row, two-column array with single polarization of antenna module 1 via the first polarization port 21 as an example, see [reference needed]. Figure 21 and Figure 22 The lengths of the second feed line 42 corresponding to each row of radiating units 10 are a and a+0.5λ, respectively. That is, the lengths of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the first row of radiating units 10 are a and a+0.5λ, the lengths of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the second row of radiating units 10 are a and a+0.5λ, and the lengths of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the third row of radiating units 10 are a and a+0.5λ, respectively.

[0113] The length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to each radiating unit 10 increases sequentially along the column direction, meaning that the length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the radiating unit 10 in the same column increases sequentially, and the length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the radiating unit 10 in the same row is equal. With this configuration, along the second direction, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating units 10 is 180 degrees, that is, the phase difference between two adjacent rows of radiating units 10 is 180 degrees.

[0114] Taking a three-row, two-column array with single polarization of antenna module 1 via the first polarization port 21 as an example, see [reference needed]. Figure 21 and Figure 23 The lengths of each column of radiating units 10 are a, a+0.5λ, and a+λ, respectively. That is, the lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the first row of radiating units 10 are a and a, respectively; the lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the second row of radiating units 10 are a+0.5λ and a+0.5λ, respectively; and the lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the third row of radiating units 10 are a+λ and a+λ, respectively.

[0115] The length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to each radiating unit 10 increases sequentially along the row direction and sequentially along the column direction. This means that the length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the radiating unit 10 in the same column increases sequentially, and the length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the radiating unit 10 in the same row also increases sequentially. With this configuration, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating units 10 is 180 degrees along the first direction and 180 degrees along the second direction, that is, the phase difference between any two adjacent columns and two adjacent rows of radiating units 10 is 180 degrees.

[0116] Taking a three-row, two-column array with single polarization of antenna module 1 via the first polarization port 21 as an example, see [reference needed]. Figure 21 and Figure 24 The lengths of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the first row of radiating units 10 are a and a+0.5λ respectively, the lengths of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the second row of radiating units 10 are a+0.5λ and a+λ respectively, and the lengths of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the third row of radiating units 10 are a+λ and a+1.5λ respectively.

[0117] Based on the above embodiments, in some possible implementations, the length of the first feed line 41 corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 increases sequentially by half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the same row of radiating elements 10 is the same. The length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the same column of radiating elements 10 can be equal, and along the second direction, the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees, that is, the phase difference between two adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees. The length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to the same column of radiating elements 10 can also increase sequentially along the second direction, so that the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the first direction is 180 degrees, and the phase difference between every two adjacent radiating elements 10 along the second direction is 180 degrees, that is, the phase difference between two adjacent columns and two adjacent rows of radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees.

[0118] Taking a three-row, two-column array with single polarization of antenna module 1 via the first polarization port 21 as an example, along the first direction, the lengths of the first feed lines 41 corresponding to each column of radiating elements 10 are b, b+0.5λ, respectively. In some examples, see [reference needed]. Figure 21 and Figure 25 The length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to each radiating element 10 is equal, both being 'a'. In other examples, see [reference needed]. Figure 21 and Figure 26 The length of the second feed line 42 corresponding to each radiating element 10 increases sequentially along the column direction, with the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna. Furthermore, the lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the radiating elements 10 in the same row are equal. Specifically, the lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the first row of radiating elements 10 are a and a, respectively; the lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the second row of radiating elements 10 are a+0.5λ and a+0.5λ, respectively; and the lengths of the second feed lines 42 corresponding to the third row of radiating elements 10 are a+λ and a+λ, respectively.

[0119] In some embodiments, the length of the fourth feed line 44 corresponding to the same row of radiating elements and / or the same column of radiating elements 10 increases sequentially by half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the third feed line 43 corresponding to adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 is the same; or, the length of the third feed line 43 corresponding to adjacent columns of radiating elements 10 increases sequentially by half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the fourth feed line 44 corresponding to the same row of radiating elements 10 is the same.

[0120] When antenna module 1 is single-polarized via the second polarization port 22, the length relationship between the third feed line 43 and the fourth feed line 44 can be referenced to the length relationship between the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42, and will not be elaborated further here. When antenna module 1 is dual-polarized, the length relationship between the first feed line 41, the second feed line 42, the third feed line 43, and the fourth feed line 44 can be combined based on the length relationship between the first feed line 41 and the second feed line 42 when antenna module 1 is single-polarized via the first polarization port 21, and the length relationship between the third feed line 43 and the fourth feed line 44 when antenna module 1 is single-polarized via the second polarization port 22, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0121] In summary, the dual-beam antenna in this embodiment of the invention includes at least one antenna module 1. In antenna module 1, along at least one of the first and second directions, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements 10 is 180 degrees to form a dual beam. Each radiating element 10 can achieve a single-polarized dual beam by being fed through one polarization port (first polarization port 21 or second polarization port 22), or a dual-polarized dual beam by being fed through two polarization ports (first polarization port 21 and second polarization port 22). The beams in the dual beam are independent of each other and there is no overlapping area, thus avoiding mutual interference. Furthermore, the first polarization port 21, the second polarization port 22, the first feed interface 31, the second feed interface 32, the first polarization element 11, and the second polarization element 12 are connected by wiring for feeding. The feeding network is simple, eliminating the need for additional power supplies, Butler matrices, etc., reducing feeding losses and saving costs.

[0122] The various embodiments or implementation methods described in this specification are presented in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0123] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0124] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-beam antenna, characterized in that, It includes at least one antenna module, the antenna module including a first polarization port, a second polarization port, a plurality of spaced radiating elements, and a plurality of connecting lines, the plurality of radiating elements forming an array, the array having at least two columns of radiating elements along a first direction and at least one row of radiating elements along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular; Each of the radiating elements is connected to the first polarization port and to the second polarization port via the connecting line, and the phase difference between each pair of adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees along at least one of the first and second directions due to the difference in length of each connecting line. The first polarization port and the second polarization port are used to receive the signal input of the dual beam. When at least one of the first polarization port and the second polarization port receives the signal input, the plurality of radiation elements form a dual beam with the direction opposite to the phase difference. Each of the radiating elements includes a first polarization element and a second polarization element arranged in a cross configuration. The multiple connecting lines include a first feed line, a second feed line, a third feed line, and a fourth feed line. The antenna module also includes a first feed interface and a second feed interface corresponding to each column of the radiating elements. Each of the first feed interfaces is connected to the first polarization port by a first feed wire, and is connected to the first polarization element of each corresponding column of the radiation unit by a second feed wire. Each of the second feed interfaces is connected to the second polarization port by the third feed line, and is connected to the second polarization element of each corresponding column of the radiation unit by the fourth feed line. The array has a row of the radiating elements along the second direction; Along the first direction, the length of the first feed line or the length of the second feed line corresponding to the radiating element increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna; And / or, along the first direction, the length of the third feed line or the length of the fourth feed line corresponding to the radiating element increases sequentially, and the increase is half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna.

2. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees, and the dual beam comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction; And / or, along the second direction, the phase difference between each pair of adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees, and the dual beam comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction.

3. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The array has multiple rows of the radiating elements along the second direction; The length of the second feed line corresponding to the radiating element in the same row and / or the radiating element in the same column increases sequentially, with the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the first feed line corresponding to two adjacent columns of radiating elements is the same; Alternatively, the length of the first feed line corresponding to two adjacent columns of the radiating elements increases sequentially by half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the second feed line corresponding to the radiating elements in the same row is the same.

4. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The array has multiple rows of the radiating elements along the second direction; The length of the fourth feed line corresponding to the radiating element in the same row and / or the radiating element in the same column increases sequentially, with the increase being half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the third feed line corresponding to the radiating elements in two adjacent columns is the same; Alternatively, the length of the third feed line corresponding to two adjacent columns of the radiating elements increases sequentially by half the wavelength of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, and the length of the fourth feed line corresponding to the radiating elements in the same row is the same.

5. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the first direction, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees, and the dual beam comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction; The direction of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction 1. The distance d1 between two adjacent radiating elements along the first direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, have the following formula: 。 6. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the first direction have a lobe width in the first direction that is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements in the first direction, and a lobe width in the second direction that is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements in the second direction.

7. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the second direction, the phase difference between any two adjacent radiating elements is 180 degrees, and the dual beam comprises two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction; The direction of the two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction 2. The distance d2 between two adjacent radiating elements along the second direction, and the wavelength λ of the center frequency of the dual-beam antenna, have the following formula: 。 8. The dual-beam antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two beams separated by a plane perpendicular to the second direction have a lobe width in the first direction that is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements in the first direction, and a lobe width in the second direction that is negatively correlated with the number of radiating elements in the second direction.

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