Magnetorheological damping structure for heavy load impact

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of buffering, and proposes a magnetorheological buffering structure for heavy load impact, which comprises a cylinder body, a piston body, a magnetic liquid filled between the cylinder body and the piston body, two axial magnetization permanent magnets respectively arranged on the piston body and the cylinder body, and a radial magnetization permanent magnet. The axial magnetization permanent magnet arranged on the piston body moves towards or away from the other axial magnetization permanent magnet through the piston body, and the opposite surfaces of the two axial magnetization permanent magnets repel each other. The radial magnetization permanent magnet and the inner wall of the cylinder body form a damping flow channel, and the magnetic liquid flows in the damping flow channel during the relative movement of the piston body relative to the cylinder body. The application can output a large enough damping force, the buffering process is stable, the comprehensive anti-impact performance of the existing buffering technology can be improved, and the buffering requirement under high-speed heavy load impact can be met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of buffering technology, in particular to a magneto-rheological buffering structure for heavy load impact. BACKGROUND

[0002] Impact, as one of the main forms of motion, is a widespread phenomenon in nature. Impact refers to the motion of a system under transient excitation, which is characterized by the action time of the excitation being much smaller than the motion period of the system, and belongs to a sudden and violent motion. Impact and collision of mechanical structures is a long-standing problem. In practice, there are various impact situations, such as vehicle driving, gun shooting, elevator falling, machine tool parts rapid reciprocating motion, etc. These impacts can cause mechanical equipment to be subjected to a great impact, directly affecting the service life of the mechanical equipment, and even possibly directly causing damage to the parts. Therefore, it is necessary to take buffering measures when the mechanical equipment is subjected to impact.

[0003] Buffers play a crucial role in various high-speed impact systems. Currently, the commonly used anti-impact methods in engineering include spring type, spring-liquid type and gas-liquid type, and the research mainly focuses on spring-liquid type and gas-liquid type. The spring stiffness of ordinary spring type buffering device cannot be changed, the impact during the buffering process is large, and it is unstable; the spring-liquid type and gas-liquid type buffering device has a relatively complex structure, and the buffering effect is not very obvious. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a magneto-rheological buffering structure for heavy load impact, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing buffering technology. The proposed magneto-rheological buffering structure can output a large enough damping force, the buffering process is stable, and the comprehensive anti-impact performance of the existing buffering technology can be improved, especially it can meet the buffering requirements under high-speed heavy load impact.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following scheme: the present application provides a magneto-rheological buffering structure for heavy load impact, comprising:

[0006] a cylinder body;

[0007] a piston body, the piston body is used for sliding relative to the cylinder body along the cylinder body axis direction in the cylinder body, and the cylinder body and the piston body are filled with a magnetic liquid;

[0008] two axial magnetization permanent magnets, two axial magnetization permanent magnets are arranged on the piston body and the cylinder body respectively, the axial magnetization permanent magnet on the piston body moves towards or away from the other axial magnetization permanent magnet through the piston body, and the opposite faces of the two axial magnetization permanent magnets repel each other;

[0009] A radial magnetization permanent magnet is sleeved on the piston body, a damping flow channel is formed between the radial magnetization permanent magnet and the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the magnetic liquid flows in the damping flow channel during relative movement of the piston body relative to the cylinder body.

[0010] The axial magnetization permanent magnet and the radial magnetization permanent magnet are used for adsorbing the magnetic liquid.

[0011] Preferably, the cylinder body comprises:

[0012] A cylinder barrel;

[0013] An end cover is connected to the flange on the cylinder barrel through bolts, the end cover is provided with a through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the piston body.

[0014] Preferably, the piston body comprises:

[0015] A piston rod, the outer wall of the piston rod is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the through hole, one end of the piston rod penetrates into the cylinder barrel through the through hole and is sleeved with a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the radial magnetization permanent magnet, the end face of the piston rod penetrating into the cylinder barrel is fixedly connected with one of the axial magnetization permanent magnets through an internal hexagonal countersunk head screw, the two ends of the shaft sleeve are respectively in abutment with the piston rod and the axial magnetization permanent magnet, and the two ends of the radial magnetization permanent magnet are respectively in abutment with the shaft sleeve and the axial magnetization permanent magnet.

[0016] Preferably, the two ends of the shaft sleeve are respectively provided with a first sealing ring groove and a second sealing ring groove, one end of the shaft sleeve is in close contact with the piston rod through a sealing ring arranged in the first sealing ring groove, and the other end of the shaft sleeve is in close contact with the axial magnetization permanent magnet through a sealing ring arranged in the second sealing ring groove.

[0017] Preferably, the end face of the piston rod protruding from the cylinder body is fixedly connected with an elastic body through a double-headed bolt.

[0018] Preferably, the piston rod is in close contact with the elastic body through a sealing ring arranged in a third sealing ring groove formed on the piston rod.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of connecting holes are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the end cover in the circumferential direction, a fourth sealing ring groove is arranged in the through hole of the end cover, the piston rod is in close contact with the end cover through a sealing ring arranged in the fourth sealing ring groove, a plurality of guide ring grooves are equidistantly arranged in the through hole, a guide ring is arranged between the piston rod and the guide ring groove, a fifth sealing ring groove is arranged on the outer wall of the end cover, and the end cover is in close contact with the cylinder barrel through a sealing ring arranged in the fifth sealing ring groove.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of variable annular gaps for throttling and buffering the magnetic liquid are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder along the circumferential direction of the cylinder; a plurality of first threaded holes are arranged on the flange of the open end of the cylinder, and a plurality of second threaded holes are arranged on the flange of the closed end of the cylinder; the axially magnetized permanent magnet is fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder through a positioning pin; the axially magnetized permanent magnet is fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder through a hexagonal socket head screw, and a matching fixing groove is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0021] The technical effects of the present application are as follows: the magnetic liquid is adsorbed on the outer side walls of the axially magnetized permanent magnet and the radially magnetized permanent magnet under the magnetic field action of the axially magnetized permanent magnet and the radially magnetized permanent magnet. On the one hand, the magnetic liquid adsorbed on the surface of the radially magnetized permanent magnet can avoid direct contact between the piston body and the inner wall of the cylinder and increase the damping effect, and on the other hand, the magnetic liquid adsorbed on the surface of the axially magnetized permanent magnet can avoid collision between the two axially magnetized permanent magnets when the impact force is too large. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor based on these drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 The structure of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0024] Figure 2 The structure of the piston body in the present application is shown in the figure;

[0025] Figure 3 The structure of the end cover in the present application is shown in the figure;

[0026] Figure 4 The structure of the cylinder in the present application is shown in the figure;

[0027] Figure 5 The working process of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0028] 1, elastomer; 2, piston rod; 3, magnetic liquid; 4, cylinder; 5, axial magnetization permanent magnet; 6, radial magnetization permanent magnet; 7, shaft sleeve; 8, end cover; 1.1, third sealing ring groove; 1.2, double head bolt; 1.3, first sealing ring groove; 1.4, inner hexagonal countersunk screw; 1.5, second sealing ring groove; 2.1, connecting hole; 2.2, fifth sealing ring groove; 2.3, guide ring groove; 2.4, fourth sealing ring groove; 3.1, first threaded hole; 3.2, positioning pin; 3.3, second threaded hole; 3.4, fixing groove; 3.5, variable annular gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Reference Figures 1-4 The present application provides a magnetorheological buffer structure for heavy load impact, comprising:

[0032] A cylinder body;

[0033] A piston body for sliding relative to the cylinder body along the cylinder body axis direction in the cylinder body, and the cylinder body and the piston body are filled with a magnetic liquid 3;

[0034] Two axial magnetization permanent magnets 5, which are respectively arranged on the piston body and the cylinder body, the axial magnetization permanent magnet 5 on the piston body moves towards or away from the other axial magnetization permanent magnet 5 through the piston body, and the opposite faces of the two axial magnetization permanent magnets 5 repel each other;

[0035] A radial magnetization permanent magnet 6, which is sleeved on the piston body, forms a damping flow channel between the radial magnetization permanent magnet 6 and the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the magnetic liquid 3 flows in the damping flow channel during the relative movement of the piston body relative to the cylinder body;

[0036] Among them, the axial magnetization permanent magnet 5 and the radial magnetization permanent magnet 6 both adsorb the magnetic liquid 3.

[0037] The magnetic liquid 3 is adsorbed on the outer wall of the axially magnetized permanent magnet 5 and the radially magnetized permanent magnet 6 under the magnetic field of the axially magnetized permanent magnet 5 and the radially magnetized permanent magnet 6. On the one hand, the magnetic liquid 3 adsorbed on the surface of the radially magnetized permanent magnet 6 can avoid the direct contact between the piston body and the inner wall of the cylinder body and increase the damping effect. On the other hand, the magnetic liquid 3 adsorbed on the surface of the axially magnetized permanent magnet 5 can avoid the collision between the two axially magnetized permanent magnets 5 when the impact force is too large.

[0038] The magnetic liquid 3 used in the application can have a magneto-rheological effect under the magnetic field, and the damping force of the magnetic liquid 3 can be greatly enhanced, so that the impact buffering stroke can be greatly reduced. In the backflow process, the magnetic liquid 3 generates a damping force, so that the reset speed of the buffering device is reduced, the buffering device is reset stably, and secondary collision between the buffering device and the mechanical structure caused by too fast reset speed is avoided. Compared with the prior art, the design structure of the application is simpler and more reasonable, and is easier to process and realize.

[0039] The repulsion between the axially magnetized permanent magnets 5 can reset the buffering device. In particular, when used in an underwater environment, the repulsion between the axially magnetized permanent magnets 5 can also balance the external pressure when working underwater.

[0040] The magnetic liquid 3 is a micro-nano composite magnetic liquid 3. Specifically, the magnetic liquid 3 is prepared by mixing micron particles and nano particles and then dispersing them in a silicon oil-based carrier liquid.

[0041] Further optimization scheme, the cylinder body comprises:

[0042] The cylinder barrel 4;

[0043] The end cover 8 is connected to the flange on the cylinder barrel 4 by bolts, and the end cover 8 is provided with a through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the piston body.

[0044] Further optimization scheme, the piston body comprises:

[0045] The piston rod 2 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the through hole. One end of the piston rod 2 penetrates the through hole and extends into the cylinder barrel 4 and is sleeved with a shaft sleeve 7, and the shaft sleeve 7 is sleeved on the radially magnetized permanent magnet 6. The end face of the piston rod 2 extending into the cylinder barrel 4 is fixed to one of the axially magnetized permanent magnets 5 by an internal hexagonal countersunk head screw 1.4. The two ends of the shaft sleeve 7 are in abutment with the piston rod 2 and the axially magnetized permanent magnet 5, respectively. The two ends of the radially magnetized permanent magnet 6 are in abutment with the shaft sleeve 7 and the axially magnetized permanent magnet 5, respectively.

[0046] The cylinder barrel 4 and the piston rod 2 are made of non-magnetic conductive material.

[0047] Further optimization scheme, the shaft sleeve 7 two ends are respectively provided with the first sealing ring groove 1.3 and the second sealing ring groove 1.5, one end of the shaft sleeve 7 is tightly connected with the piston rod 2 through the sealing ring arranged in the first sealing ring groove 1.3, and the other end of the shaft sleeve 7 is tightly connected with the axial magnetization permanent magnet 5 through the sealing ring arranged in the second sealing ring groove 1.5.

[0048] Further optimization scheme, the end face of the piston rod 2 extending out of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the elastic body 1 through the stud bolt 1.2.

[0049] The elastic body 1 is made of rubber material. The elastic body 1 is arranged as a collision surface and is made of soft material, so that the impact force peak value of collision and the noise generated by collision are reduced,

[0050] Further optimization scheme, the piston rod 2 is tightly connected with the elastic body 1 through the sealing ring arranged in the third sealing ring groove 1.1 formed on the piston rod 2.

[0051] Further optimization scheme, a plurality of connecting holes 2.1 are formed on the end cover 8 in the circumferential direction at equal intervals, a fourth sealing ring groove 2.4 is formed in the through hole formed on the end cover 8, the piston rod 2 is tightly connected with the end cover 8 through the sealing ring arranged in the fourth sealing ring, a plurality of guide ring grooves 2.3 are formed in the through hole at intervals, a guide ring is arranged between the piston rod 2 and the guide ring groove 2.3, a fifth sealing ring groove 2.2 is formed on the outer wall of the end cover 8, and the end cover 8 is tightly connected with the cylinder barrel 4 through the sealing ring arranged in the fifth sealing ring groove 2.2.

[0052] The guide ring can guide the movement of the piston rod 2 and ensure the concentricity of the piston rod 2 and the cylinder barrel 4, thereby ensuring the reliability of the buffer device.

[0053] Further optimization scheme, a plurality of variable annular slits 3.5 for throttling and buffering the magnetic liquid 3 are formed on the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 4 along the circumferential direction of the cylinder barrel 4; a plurality of first threaded holes 3.1 are formed on the flange at the opening end of the cylinder barrel 4, and a plurality of second threaded holes 3.3 are formed on the flange at the closed end of the cylinder barrel 4; the axial magnetization permanent magnet 5 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 4 through the positioning pin 3.2; the axial magnetization permanent magnet 5 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 4 through the internal hexagonal countersunk head screw 1.4, and a matching fixing groove 3.4 is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 4.

[0054] The plurality of sealing rings can seal the magnetic liquid 3 in the cylinder body and prevent leakage. The variable annular slit 3.5 buffering structure provided on the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 4 can enhance the throttling and buffering effect, thereby enhancing the buffering effect of the buffer device when resisting impact.

[0055] The end cover 8 and the cylinder barrel 4 can be fixedly connected through the hexagonal bolt and the hexagonal nut.

[0056] Reference Figure 5The specific working principle and implementation process of the present application are as follows:

[0057] The initial state of the present application is shown in Figure a. Figure 5 As shown in Figure a, the piston rod 2 is in contact with the end cover 8, and the working cavity is filled with magnetic liquid 3. When the elastic body 1 of the moving end is impacted by a heavy load F, the elastic body 1 is elastically deformed under the impact force to absorb part of the impact energy and move in the direction of the heavy load F. At the same time, since the piston rod 2 is fixedly connected with the elastic body 1, the piston body starts to move into the working cavity of the cylinder body under the impact force, extruding the magnetic liquid 3, and the magnetic liquid 3 near the bottom of the cylinder barrel 4 flows reversely through the damping flow gap between the piston body and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 4, generating a damping force in the process to achieve the buffering effect. When the piston body moves to the variable annular gap 3.5, the throttling buffering effect is enhanced, and at the same time, as the piston body approaches the bottom of the cylinder barrel 4, the distance between the axially magnetized permanent magnets 5 decreases, and the repulsive force between the magnets increases, until the repulsive force between the magnets balances with the residual force of the external impact force, and the buffering process ends. The final state of the present application is shown in Figure b. Figure 5

[0058] When the impact force disappears, the piston body is pushed to return to the initial position shown in Figure a under the repulsive force of the axially magnetized permanent magnets 5, and at the same time, the elastic body 1 returns to its original state. In the resetting process, the magnetic liquid 3 flows from the side close to the end cover 8 to the side close to the bottom of the cylinder barrel 4 through the damping flow gap, generating a damping force in the process to reduce the resetting speed of the buffering device, achieve smooth resetting, avoid secondary collision between the buffering device and the mechanical structure due to excessive resetting speed, and stop moving until the piston body is in contact with the end cover 8, and the entire buffering device returns to the initial state.

[0059] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0060] The above-described embodiments are only preferred modes of the present application and do not limit the scope of the present application. Various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application as defined by the claims.​

Claims

1. A magnetorheological bumper structure oriented to a heavy load impact, characterized by, include: Cylinder block; A piston body for sliding relative to the cylinder body along the cylinder body axis direction, wherein the cylinder body and the piston body are filled with a magnetic fluid (3); Two axially magnetized permanent magnets (5) are respectively disposed on the piston body and the cylinder body. The axially magnetized permanent magnet (5) located on the piston body moves towards or away from the other axially magnetized permanent magnet (5) through the piston body, and the opposing surfaces of the two axially magnetized permanent magnets (5) repel each other. A radially magnetized permanent magnet (6) is sleeved on the piston body. A damping flow channel is formed between the radially magnetized permanent magnet (6) and the inner wall of the cylinder. The magnetic liquid (3) flows in the damping flow channel during the relative movement of the piston body relative to the cylinder body. In this process, both the axially magnetized permanent magnet (5) and the radially magnetized permanent magnet (6) adsorb the magnetic liquid (3); The cylinder body includes: Cylinder (4); End cap (8), the end cap (8) is bolted to the flange on the cylinder (4), the end cap (8) has a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole slides in contact with the outer wall of the piston body; The piston body includes: Piston rod (2), the outer wall of the piston rod (2) slides in contact with the inner wall of the through hole; one end of the piston rod (2) extends through the through hole into the cylinder (4) and is fitted with a bushing (7), which is fitted on the radially magnetized permanent magnet (6). The end face of the piston rod (2) extending into the cylinder (4) is fixed to one of the axially magnetized permanent magnets (5) by an internal hexagon countersunk screw (1.4). The two ends of the bushing (7) abut against the piston rod (2) and the axially magnetized permanent magnet (5) respectively. The two ends of the radially magnetized permanent magnet (6) abut against the bushing (7) and the axially magnetized permanent magnet (5) respectively. The inner wall of the cylinder (4) is provided with several variable annular slits (3.5) spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the cylinder (4) for throttling and buffering the magnetic liquid (3); the flange at the open end of the cylinder (4) is provided with several first threaded holes (3.1), and the flange at the closed end of the cylinder (4) is provided with several second threaded holes (3.3); the axially magnetized permanent magnet (5) is fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder (4) by a positioning pin (3.2); the axially magnetized permanent magnet (5) is fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder (4) by a countersunk hexagonal screw (1.4), and the inner wall of the cylinder (4) is provided with a matching fixing groove (3.4).

2. The magnetorheological bumper structure for heavy load impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bushing (7) has a first sealing ring groove (1.3) and a second sealing ring groove (1.5) at both ends. One end of the bushing (7) is in close contact with the piston rod (2) through the sealing ring provided in the first sealing ring groove (1.3), and the other end of the bushing (7) is in close contact with the axially magnetized permanent magnet (5) through the sealing ring provided in the second sealing ring groove (1.5).

3. The magnetorheological bumper structure for heavy load impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face of the piston rod (2) extending from the cylinder is fixed with an elastic body (1) through a stud bolt (1.2).

4. The magnetorheological bumper structure for heavy load impact according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston rod (2) is in close contact with the elastic body (1) through a sealing ring arranged in a third sealing ring groove (1.1) on the piston rod (2).

5. The magnetorheological bumper structure for heavy load impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connecting holes (2.1) are equidistantly arranged on the end cover (8) in a circumferential direction, a fourth sealing ring groove (2.4) is arranged in the through hole of the end cover (8), the piston rod (2) is in close contact with the end cover (8) through a sealing ring arranged in the fourth sealing ring groove, a plurality of guide ring grooves (2.3) are arranged in the through hole at intervals, a guide ring is arranged between the piston rod (2) and the guide ring grooves (2.3), a fifth sealing ring groove (2.2) is arranged on the outer wall of the end cover (8), and the end cover (8) is in close contact with the cylinder barrel (4) through a sealing ring arranged in the fifth sealing ring groove (2.2).

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