Gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of low-temperature refrigeration, and provides a gas-coupled multistage pulse tube refrigerator, which comprises a precooling stage pulse tube refrigerator, a hot end and a low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigerator, the precooling stage pulse tube refrigerator comprises a precooling stage regenerator and a precooling stage pulse tube arranged on the inner side of the precooling stage regenerator, and the cold side of the precooling stage regenerator and the precooling stage pulse tube is connected with a precooling stage flow guide; the hot end is connected with the precooling stage flow guide on the side far away from the precooling stage regenerator, and the hot end is provided with a low-temperature stage gas reservoir; the low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigerator comprises a low-temperature stage regenerator and a low-temperature stage pulse tube arranged on the inner side of the low-temperature stage regenerator, and the top of the low-temperature stage pulse tube is provided with a low-temperature stage inertance tube, and one end of the low-temperature stage inertance tube extends into the inner side of the low-temperature stage gas reservoir. Therefore, the refrigeration performance of the whole system is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of low-temperature refrigeration, and in particular to a gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator. BACKGROUND

[0002] Single-stage pulse tube refrigerators can be divided into straight-line type, U-type and coaxial type according to the relative positions of the regenerator and the pulse tube. When a multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator is constructed based on a single-stage pulse tube refrigerator, the existing solutions all have problems such as large overall structure, loose connection relationship between structures, poor heat transfer performance between components, and the like, which further restrict the improvement of the convenience of use and the refrigeration performance. SUMMARY

[0003] Embodiments of the present application provide a gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator to solve the technical problems of poor refrigeration performance and inconvenient use caused by factors such as loose structure and poor heat transfer performance of the pulse tube refrigerator in the prior art.

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator, comprising: a pre-cooling stage pulse tube refrigerator, comprising a pre-cooling stage regenerator and a pre-cooling stage pulse tube arranged inside the pre-cooling stage regenerator, and a pre-cooling stage flow guide connected to the cold side of the pre-cooling stage regenerator and the pre-cooling stage pulse tube;

[0005] a hot end connected to the side of the pre-cooling stage flow guide away from the pre-cooling stage regenerator, and a low-temperature stage gas reservoir arranged in the hot end;

[0006] a low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigerator, comprising a low-temperature stage regenerator and a low-temperature stage pulse tube arranged inside the low-temperature stage regenerator, and a low-temperature stage inertance tube arranged on the top of the low-temperature stage pulse tube and extending into the low-temperature stage gas reservoir at one end; wherein,

[0007] the hot end is further provided with a plurality of first air holes and a plurality of second air holes, the first air holes are respectively connected to the pre-cooling stage flow guide and the low-temperature stage regenerator, and the second air holes are respectively connected to the pre-cooling stage flow guide and the low-temperature stage pulse tube.

[0008] According to the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of one embodiment of the present application, the low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigerator comprises a plurality of low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigeration units connected in sequence, and each low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigeration unit comprises one low-temperature stage regenerator and one low-temperature stage pulse tube arranged inside the low-temperature stage regenerator.

[0009] According to the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of one embodiment of the present application, the pre-cooling stage regenerator and the pre-cooling stage pulse tube are coaxially arranged.

[0010] The low-temperature stage regenerator is coaxially arranged with the low-temperature stage pulse tube.

[0011] According to the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of one embodiment of the present application, a low-temperature stage flow guide is connected to the low-temperature stage pulse tube and the cold side of the low-temperature stage regenerator, and a low-temperature stage cold head is arranged outside the low-temperature stage flow guide.

[0012] According to the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of one embodiment of the present application, the cross-sectional shape in the axial direction of the first long hole and the second long hole is circular.

[0013] According to the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of one embodiment of the present application, the number of the first long hole is 6-30.

[0014] According to the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of one embodiment of the present application, the pre-cooling stage regenerator and the low-temperature stage regenerator are both in the shape of a tube.

[0015] According to the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of one embodiment of the present application, the pre-cooling stage pulse tube and the low-temperature stage pulse tube are thin-walled tubes.

[0016] According to the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of one embodiment of the present application, one end of the pre-cooling stage regenerator is connected to the compressor through a connecting tube, for receiving the gas from the side of the compressor.

[0017] One end of the pre-cooling stage pulse tube is connected to the first gas reservoir through a long neck tube.

[0018] According to the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of one embodiment of the present application, the low-temperature stage inertance tube is arranged inside the hot end and at least partially extends into the low-temperature stage gas reservoir.

[0019] The gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator provided by the embodiment of the present application has the hot end arranged between the pre-cooling stage pulse tube refrigerator and the low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigerator, and a low-temperature stage gas reservoir is arranged in the hot end, and a low-temperature stage inertance tube is arranged in the low-temperature stage gas reservoir to cooperate with the gas reservoir as a phase modulation mechanism, so that the system structure is more compact, the heat loss in the heat transfer process is less, and the refrigeration performance of the system is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1Structure schematic diagram of the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Gas flow schematic diagram in the gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator shown in the figure;

[0023] Reference signs:

[0024] 10, pre-cooling stage pulse tube refrigerator; 110, pre-cooling stage regenerator; 120, pre-cooling stage pulse tube; 130, pre-cooling stage flow director;

[0025] 20, hot end; 210, low-temperature stage gas reservoir; 220, first gas passage long hole; 230, second gas passage long hole;

[0026] 30, low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigerator; 310, low-temperature stage regenerator; 320, low-temperature stage pulse tube; 330, low-temperature stage inertance tube; 340, low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigeration unit; 350, low-temperature stage flow director; 360, low-temperature stage cold head;

[0027] 40, compressor; 410, connecting pipe;

[0028] 50, first stage gas reservoir; 510, long neck pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inner”, “outer” and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, “third” are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrally connected, it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the following Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the embodiments of the present application propose to protect a gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator, which comprises a pre-cooling stage pulse tube refrigerator 10, a hot end 20 and a low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigerator 30 connected in turn, the pre-cooling stage pulse tube refrigerator 10 comprises a pre-cooling stage regenerator 110 and a pre-cooling stage pulse tube 120 arranged inside the pre-cooling stage regenerator 110, and the cold side of the pre-cooling stage regenerator 110 and the pre-cooling stage pulse tube 120 is connected with a pre-cooling stage flow guide 130; the hot end 20 is connected with the pre-cooling stage flow guide 130 away from the pre-cooling stage regenerator 110 side, and the hot end 20 is provided with a low-temperature stage gas reservoir 210; the low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigerator 30 comprises a low-temperature stage regenerator 310 and a low-temperature stage pulse tube 320 arranged inside the low-temperature stage regenerator 310, and the top of the low-temperature stage pulse tube 320 is provided with a low-temperature stage inertance tube 330, one end of the low-temperature stage inertance tube 330 extends into the inside of the low-temperature stage gas reservoir 210; wherein, the hot end 20 is also provided with a plurality of first air passage long holes 220 and a plurality of second air passage long holes 230, the first air passage long holes 220 respectively communicate the pre-cooling stage flow guide 130 and the low-temperature stage regenerator 310, and the second air passage long holes 230 respectively connect the pre-cooling stage flow guide 130 and the low-temperature stage pulse tube 320.

[0033] It should be noted that the hot end 20 is arranged between the pre-cooling stage pulse tube 120 and the low-temperature stage pulse tube 320, and the gas reservoir is arranged in the hot end 20, so that the integration degree of the whole machine system is higher, compared with the traditional external gas reservoir mode, the connection between each part of the present application is more close, so that the overall structure is more compact. The first air passage long hole 220 and the second air passage long hole 230 arranged in the hot end 20 can maximize the heat transfer performance, that is, the first air passage long hole 220 communicates the pre-cooling stage flow guide 130 and the low-temperature stage regenerator 310, which can simultaneously play the role of gas flow guide and heat transfer enhancement. And the second air passage long hole 230 communicates the pre-cooling stage flow guide 130 and the low-temperature stage pulse tube 320, which plays the function of low-temperature bidirectional gas inlet.

[0034] For the low-temperature stage inertance tube 330, the low-temperature stage inertance tube 330 is arranged inside the hot end 20 and at least partially extends into the low-temperature stage gas reservoir 210. In other alternative embodiments, the low-temperature stage inertance tube 330 can also be transmitted from the inside of the low-temperature stage gas reservoir 210 to the outside, and wound on the outer wall of the low-temperature stage gas reservoir 210, which is not limited here.

[0035] Further, the low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigerator 30 comprises a plurality of low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigeration units 340 connected in sequence end to end, each of the low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigeration units 340 comprising a low-temperature stage regenerator 310 and a low-temperature stage pulse tube 320 arranged inside the low-temperature stage regenerator 310. That is, the number of the low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigeration units 340 can be one or more, so that multi-stage refrigeration can be achieved to meet the demand for extracting cold energy of multiple temperature gradients.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the precooling stage regenerator 110 is coaxially arranged with the precooling stage pulse tube 120, and the low-temperature stage regenerator 310 is coaxially arranged with the low-temperature stage pulse tube 320. The arrangement of the plurality of first venting long holes 220 and the plurality of second venting long holes 230 ensures the uniformity of the intake air, and the arrangement of the plurality of first venting long holes 220 and the plurality of second venting long holes 230 increases the heat exchange area of the working gas, and the heat exchange effect is greatly improved.

[0037] As for the shape of the hot end 20, it can be disc-shaped, and in other feasible embodiments, it can also be square-shaped or other shapes, which are not limited herein, and the disc-shaped is taken as an example for illustration. The number of the first venting long holes 220 is preferably 6-30, and the shape of the first venting long holes 220 can be a round hole or a square hole, that is, the cross-sectional shape along the axis of the first venting long hole 220 is circular or square, and it can also be triangular, which is not limited herein. The arrangement of the first venting long holes 220 can be selected as matrix arrangement or uniform circumferential arrangement along the axis of the first venting long hole 220, and it can also be non-uniform distribution, which is not limited herein. Similarly, the second venting long hole 230 is similar to the first venting long hole 220, which is not described herein.

[0038] As for the precooling stage regenerator 110 and the low-temperature stage regenerator 310, they are both tubular, and as for the precooling stage pulse tube 120 and the low-temperature stage pulse tube 320, they are both thin-walled tubes. The precooling stage regenerator 110 is sleeved outside the precooling stage pulse tube 120, and the low-temperature stage regenerator 310 is sleeved outside the low-temperature stage pulse tube 320. The precooling stage regenerator 110, the precooling stage pulse tube 120, the low-temperature stage regenerator 310 and the low-temperature stage pulse tube 320 can be made of metal or non-metal materials, which are not limited herein.

[0039] It should be noted that one end of the precooling stage regenerator 110 is communicated with the compressor 40 through the connecting pipe 410 for receiving the gas on the side of the compressor 40, and one end of the precooling stage pulse tube 120 is connected with the first-stage gas reservoir 50 through the long neck pipe 510. Further, the cold side of the low-temperature stage pulse tube 320 and the low-temperature stage regenerator 310 is connected with the low-temperature stage flow guide 350, and the outside of the low-temperature stage flow guide 350 is provided with the low-temperature stage cold head 360. The low-temperature stage cold head 360 is used for extracting cold energy.

[0040] The precooling stage heat exchanger 110 is also provided with a precooling stage hot end flange on the side away from the precooling stage flow guide 130. The gas flows from the compressor 40 side to the precooling stage heat exchanger 110, and flows from the precooling stage heat exchanger 110 to the precooling stage flow guide 130. A portion of the gas flows into the precooling stage pulse tube 120 and flows through the long neck tube 510 to the first stage gas reservoir 50 for storage, at a first stage refrigeration temperature. Another portion of the gas flows through the first gas passage long hole 220 to the low temperature stage heat exchanger 310. A portion of the gas in the precooling stage flow guide 130 flows through the second gas passage long hole 230 to the low temperature stage pulse tube 320, and the gas in the low temperature stage pulse tube 320 flows through the low temperature stage inertance tube 330 to the low temperature stage gas reservoir 210.

[0041] The low temperature stage inertance tube 330 is located inside the hot end 20 and extends to the inside of the gas reservoir, and cooperates with the gas reservoir to play a role of phase adjustment, and makes the system structure more compact. The first gas passage long hole 220 and the second gas passage long hole 230 are arranged to make the temperature of the gas cold energy substantially unchanged when the gas cold energy passes through the precooling stage flow guide 130 to the low temperature stage heat exchanger 310 and the gas reservoir, significantly reduces the heat transfer temperature difference between the components, effectively improves the refrigeration performance, and thus a lower refrigeration temperature can be reached.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature is "on" or "under" the second feature, which can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature can be above or obliquely above the second feature, or only means that the first feature is higher in horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature can be below or obliquely below the second feature, or only means that the first feature is lower in horizontal height than the second feature.

[0043] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, the different embodiments or examples described in the present application and the features of the different embodiments or examples can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

[0044] It should be pointed out finally that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit the same; and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features thereof can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator, characterized by, The application relates to a precooling stage pulse tube cryocooler, a hot end, a low-temperature stage pulse tube cryocooler, and a low-temperature stage inertance tube. The hot end is connected with the precooling stage flow guide away from the precooling stage accumulator side, and a low-temperature stage gas reservoir is arranged in the hot end. The low-temperature stage pulse tube cryocooler comprises a low-temperature stage accumulator and a low-temperature stage pulse tube arranged in the low-temperature stage accumulator, and a low-temperature stage inertance tube is arranged at the top of the low-temperature stage pulse tube. The hot end is also provided with a plurality of first air passage long holes and a plurality of second air passage long holes. The first air passage long holes are respectively connected with the precooling stage flow guide and the low-temperature stage accumulator. The second air passage long holes are respectively connected with the precooling stage flow guide and the low-temperature stage pulse tube. The low-temperature stage pulse tube cryocooler comprises a plurality of low-temperature stage pulse tube refrigeration units connected in sequence. The precooling stage accumulator and the precooling stage pulse tube are coaxially arranged.

2. The gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized by, The low-temperature stage accumulator and the low-temperature stage pulse tube are coaxially arranged.

3. The gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized by, A low-temperature stage flow guide is connected with the cold side of the low-temperature stage pulse tube and the low-temperature stage accumulator.

4. The gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of claim 1, wherein, The cross-sectional shape of the first air passage long hole and the second air passage long hole in the axial direction is circular.

5. The gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of claim 1, wherein, The number of the first air passage long hole is 6-30.

6. The gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of claim 1, wherein, The precooling stage accumulator and the low-temperature stage accumulator are both in the shape of a tube.

7. The gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of claim 1, wherein, The precooling stage pulse tube and the low-temperature stage pulse tube are thin-walled tubes. One end of the precooling stage accumulator is connected with a compressor through a connecting pipe for receiving the gas on the compressor side.

8. The gas-coupled multi-stage pulse tube refrigerator of claim 1, wherein, One end of the precooling stage pulse tube is connected with a first gas reservoir through a long neck pipe. The low-temperature stage inertance tube is arranged in the hot end and at least partially extends into the low-temperature stage gas reservoir.

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