Blockchain-based inter-provincial spot transaction carbon footprint tracking method, system and device

Abstract

The application discloses an inter-provincial spot transaction carbon footprint tracking method, system and device based on a blockchain, and belongs to the technical field of electric power. The carbon footprint tracking method comprises the following steps: collecting inter-provincial electric power spot market cross-provincial electric power transaction results through a blockchain, and storing the results in the proxy accounts of each power generation province and power purchase province in a blockchain business; combining the inter-provincial electric power spot market clearing results, modeling carbon emission allocation of inter-provincial electric power spot transactions, and obtaining a carbon emission allocation coefficient; according to the proxy account information of each power generation province and power purchase province, the inter-provincial electric power spot market clearing results and the carbon emission allocation coefficient, evaluating the whole process of carbon production, carbon transfer and carbon allocation through a smart contract, and recording the whole process in the blockchain; and according to the results recorded by the smart contract, forming unalterable carbon footprint information in the blockchain through a chain structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power technology, specifically relating to a method, system, and equipment for tracking the carbon footprint of inter-provincial spot transactions based on blockchain. Background Technology

[0002] To promote the optimal allocation and rational flow of electricity resources, my country has advanced electricity market reform nationwide, establishing a multi-tiered electricity market system encompassing inter-regional, inter-provincial, and provincial levels. Inter-provincial electricity spot trading is a new type of inter-provincial and inter-regional resource sharing mechanism. However, current inter-provincial electricity spot trading faces challenges in tracking carbon emission data. This is because inter-provincial electricity spot trading involves multiple stakeholders and markets, requiring clarification of each party's carbon emission responsibilities and rights, as well as the allocation and transfer of carbon emission rights during the trading process.

[0003] To address this issue, this invention proposes a blockchain-based method, system, and device for tracking the carbon footprint of inter-provincial spot transactions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system and equipment for tracking carbon footprints in inter-provincial spot transactions based on blockchain, which solves the problems in the prior art.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A blockchain-based method for tracking the carbon footprint of inter-provincial spot transactions includes the following steps:

[0007] The results of cross-provincial electricity transactions in the inter-provincial electricity spot market are collected through blockchain and stored in the agent accounts of the blockchain merchants in each power generation province and power purchase province.

[0008] Based on the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, a model is constructed to determine the carbon emission allocation of inter-provincial electricity spot transactions, and a carbon emission allocation coefficient is obtained.

[0009] Based on the agent account information of each power generation province and power purchase province, the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, and the carbon emission allocation coefficient, the entire process of carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation is evaluated through smart contracts and recorded in the blockchain.

[0010] Based on the results recorded by smart contracts, immutable carbon footprint information is formed in the blockchain through a chain structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the inter-provincial electricity trading results in the inter-provincial electricity spot market include the following information:

[0012] 1) Electricity volume traded through various trading pathways in the inter-provincial electricity spot market;

[0013] 2) Price information for generating units in the inter-provincial electricity spot market;

[0014] 3) Information on the winning bid prices and winning bid volumes for generating units in the inter-provincial electricity spot market;

[0015] 4) Price quotes for generating units in provinces purchasing electricity in the inter-provincial electricity spot market;

[0016] 5) Information on the winning bid prices and the winning bid volumes for electricity purchased in the inter-provincial electricity spot market.

[0017] Furthermore, the carbon emission allocation model for inter-provincial electricity spot trading is as follows:

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, p By and These represent the bid price and winning bid price for the province where the electricity is purchased (y), respectively. Sx and These represent the bid price and winning bid price for each province where electricity is sold; a By and a Sx The welfare surpluses are for the electricity-purchasing province y and the electricity-selling province x, respectively. and These represent the carbon emission borne by the electricity-purchasing province x and the electricity-selling province y, respectively, in accordance with the principle of "whoever benefits bears the cost".

[0023] Furthermore, the entire process of carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation is evaluated using carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation models, respectively.

[0024] The carbon production model is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, q represents the carbon emissions of unit j in province x where electricity is sold. Sj,x P represents the carbon emissions generated by generating unit j in power generation within province x. Sj,x This represents the amount of electricity generated by unit j in province x, where electricity is sold.

[0027] Furthermore, the carbon transfer model is as follows:

[0028]

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, NG represents the total carbon emissions of province x where electricity is sold, and NG represents the number of generating units in province x where electricity is sold. This represents the carbon emissions of transaction path n; NL represents the electricity volume transacted through transaction path n in electricity-selling province x; NL represents the number of transaction paths in electricity-selling province x.

[0031] Furthermore, the carbon allocation model is as follows:

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, This indicates the amount of carbon emissions that province y, which purchases the electricity, needs to bear. This represents the amount of carbon emissions that province x, which sells electricity, needs to bear.

[0035] Furthermore, the electricity information from inter-provincial transactions is packaged and stored in the blockchain, and a transparent and unalterable carbon footprint information is generated through smart contracts.

[0036] A blockchain-based inter-provincial spot trading carbon footprint tracking system includes:

[0037] Information collection module: Collects cross-provincial power transaction results from the inter-provincial power spot market through blockchain and stores them in the agent accounts of the blockchain merchants in each power generation province and power purchasing province;

[0038] Model building module: Based on the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, a model is built to determine the carbon emission allocation of inter-provincial electricity spot transactions, and the carbon emission allocation coefficient is obtained;

[0039] Assessment module: Based on the agent account information of each power generation province and power purchase province, the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, and the carbon emission allocation coefficient, the assessment of the entire process of carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation is completed through smart contracts and recorded in the blockchain;

[0040] In addition, the carbon footprint tracking module: based on the results recorded by smart contracts, it forms immutable carbon footprint information in the blockchain through a chain structure.

[0041] An apparatus comprising:

[0042] One or more processors;

[0043] Memory, used to store one or more programs;

[0044] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the carbon footprint tracking method described above.

[0045] A storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, wherein when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the processor performs the method described above.

[0046] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0047] 1. Improve the credibility and transparency of carbon emission data. Blockchain technology can realize the decentralization, immutability, traceability and consensus verification of carbon emission data, ensuring the authenticity and integrity of the data and avoiding data fraud and double counting.

[0048] 2. Reduce the cost and risk of carbon emission trading. Blockchain technology can realize smart contracts, automatic execution and distributed ledger for carbon emission trading, reduce intermediaries and human intervention, and improve transaction efficiency and security.

[0049] 3. Expand the scale and scope of carbon emission trading. Blockchain technology can realize the interconnection and interoperability of carbon emission trading across regions, industries, markets and entities, increase the diversity and participation of trading entities, and promote market vitality and competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the blockchain-based method for tracking the carbon footprint of inter-provincial spot transactions includes the following steps:

[0056] S1 collects the results of cross-provincial electricity transactions in the inter-provincial electricity spot market through blockchain and stores them in the agent accounts of the blockchain merchants in each power generation province and power purchase province;

[0057] The information in the blockchain vendor's agent accounts for each power-generating province and power-purchasing province includes:

[0058] 1) Information on the trading path of the inter-provincial electricity spot market; 2) Information on the carbon emission coefficients of generating units in the provinces where the electricity is generated in the inter-provincial electricity spot market;

[0059] The inter-provincial electricity trading results collected by blockchain in the inter-provincial electricity spot market include the following information: 1) the trading volume of each trading path in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; 2) the bidding information of generating units in the generating provinces in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; 3) the winning bid price information and winning volume of generating units in the generating provinces in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; 4) the bidding information of generating units in the purchasing provinces in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; and 5) the winning bid price information and winning volume of purchasing provinces in the inter-provincial electricity spot market.

[0060] S2, based on the principle of "whoever benefits, bears the cost", and combined with the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, a carbon emission allocation model is built for the inter-provincial electricity spot transaction to obtain the carbon emission allocation coefficient;

[0061] The carbon emission allocation model for inter-provincial electricity spot trading is as follows:

[0062]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, p By and These represent the bid price and winning bid price for the province where the electricity is purchased (y), respectively. Sx and These represent the bid price and winning bid price for each province where electricity is sold; a By and a Sx The welfare surpluses are for the electricity-purchasing province y and the electricity-selling province x, respectively. and Let x be the carbon emission bearing ratio of the electricity purchasing province and y be the electricity selling province. Equation (1a) represents the bid price p of the electricity purchasing province y. By With the winning bid price The absolute value of the difference represents the welfare surplus of the purchasing province y participating in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; equation (2a) represents the bid price p of the selling province x. SxWith the winning bid price The absolute value of the difference represents the welfare surplus of the electricity-selling province x participating in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; Equations (1c) and (1d) represent the carbon emission allocation coefficients obtained according to the principle of "whoever benefits, bears the cost". Whoever benefits more in the inter-provincial electricity spot market needs to bear more carbon emission costs.

[0067] S3, based on the account information of various power generation and purchasing provinces collected by the blockchain, the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, and the carbon emission allocation coefficient, completes the evaluation of the entire process of carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation through smart contracts and records it in the blockchain;

[0068] The carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation processes are all evaluated by smart contracts on the blockchain to ensure the openness and transparency of the evaluation results; each process is evaluated using a separate carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation model.

[0069] 1) Carbon production model:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, Let q represent the total carbon emissions of generating unit j in electricity-selling province x. Equation (2a) is the carbon emission model for generating unit j in electricity-selling province x. Sj,x This represents the carbon emissions generated by generating unit j in province x, where the electricity is sold. The unit is tons. The more advanced the technology, the greater the carbon emissions. Sj,x The smaller the unit, the lower the q of the clean energy units. Sj,x P is zero; Sj,x This represents the electricity generated by unit j in province x, where electricity is sold, in MW.

[0072] 2) Carbon transfer model:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, equation (2b) is the calculation model for the total carbon emissions of province x that sells electricity. Let represent the total carbon emissions of province x (where electricity is sold), in tons; NG represents the number of generating units in province x; Equation (2c) is the carbon emission calculation model corresponding to trading path n in province x. This represents the carbon emissions of transaction path n; NL represents the electricity traded through transaction path n in province x, in MW; NL represents the number of transaction paths in province x.

[0076] 3) Carbon allocation model:

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] In the formula, equation (2d) is the carbon emission calculation model for the province y that purchases electricity in the trading path n; The carbon emissions borne by the province y that purchases electricity are represented in tons; Equation (2e) is the carbon emission calculation model borne by the province x that sells electricity in the transaction path n; This represents the amount of carbon emissions that province x, which sells electricity, needs to bear.

[0080] S4, based on the results recorded by the smart contract, forms immutable carbon footprint information in the blockchain through a chain structure;

[0081] The blockchain will package and store the immutable information formed by S3, namely the carbon emission quotas that each province needs to bear, to form immutable, open and transparent carbon footprint information.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] like Figure 2 As shown, when device 12 is running, it is able to execute the tracing method of embodiment 1; device 12 is manifested in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of device 12 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 16, system memory 28, and bus 18 connecting different system components (including system memory 28 and processing unit 16).

[0084] Bus 18 represents one or more of several bus architectures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processor, or a local bus using any of the various bus architectures. For example, these architectures include, but are not limited to, the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, the Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, the Enhanced ISA bus, the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0085] Device 12 typically includes a variety of computer system readable media. These media can be any available media that can be accessed by device 12, including volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media.

[0086] System memory 28 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 30 and / or cache memory 32. Device 12 may further include other removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 34 may be used to read and write non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media (…). Figure 2Not shown; usually referred to as a "hard drive"). Although Figure 2 Not shown, a disk drive for reading and writing to a removable non-volatile disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading and writing to a removable non-volatile optical disk (e.g., a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to bus 18 via one or more data media interfaces. Memory 28 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules configured to perform the functions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0087] A program / utility 40 having a set (at least one) of program modules 42 may be stored, for example, in memory 28. Such program modules 42 include, but are not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data. Each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 42 typically perform the functions and / or methods described in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0088] Device 12 can also communicate with one or more external devices 14 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 24, etc.), and with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with device 12, and / or with any device that enables device 12 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.). This communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interface 22. Furthermore, device 12 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via network adapter 20. Figure 2 As shown, network adapter 20 communicates with other modules of device 12 via bus 18. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with device 12, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0089] The processing unit 16 executes various functional applications and data processing by running programs stored in the system memory 28, such as implementing the day-ahead market clearing method provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0090] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0091] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based method for tracking the carbon footprint of inter-provincial spot transactions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The results of cross-provincial electricity transactions in the inter-provincial electricity spot market are collected through blockchain and stored in the agent accounts of each power-generating province and power-purchasing province on the blockchain. Based on the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, a model is constructed to determine the carbon emission allocation of inter-provincial electricity spot transactions, and a carbon emission allocation coefficient is obtained. Based on the agent account information of each power generation province and power purchase province, the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, and the carbon emission allocation coefficient, the entire process of carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation is evaluated through smart contracts and recorded in the blockchain. Based on the results recorded by smart contracts, immutable carbon footprint information is formed in the blockchain through a chain structure; The carbon emission allocation model for inter-provincial electricity spot trading is as follows: In the formula, and These are the bid price and winning bid price for the province y that purchased the electricity. and These represent the bidding price and winning bid price for each province where electricity is sold; and The welfare surpluses are for the electricity-purchasing province y and the electricity-selling province x, respectively. and These represent the carbon emission borne by the electricity-selling province x and the electricity-purchasing province y, respectively, in accordance with the principle of "whoever benefits bears the cost".

2. The blockchain-based carbon footprint tracking method for inter-provincial spot transactions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inter-provincial electricity trading results in the inter-provincial electricity spot market include the following information: 1) Electricity volume traded through various trading pathways in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; 2) Price information for generating units in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; 3) Information on the winning bid prices and winning volumes for generating units in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; 4) Price quotes for generating units in provinces purchasing electricity in the inter-provincial electricity spot market; 5) Information on the winning bid prices and the winning bid volumes for electricity purchased in the inter-provincial electricity spot market.

3. The blockchain-based carbon footprint tracking method for inter-provincial spot transactions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entire process of carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation is evaluated using carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation models, respectively. The carbon production model is as follows: In the formula, q represents the carbon emissions of unit j in province x where electricity is sold. Sj,x P represents the carbon emissions generated by generating unit j in power generation within province x. Sj,x This represents the amount of electricity generated by unit j in province x, where electricity is sold.

4. The blockchain-based inter-provincial spot trading carbon footprint tracking method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The carbon transfer model is as follows: In the formula, NG represents the total carbon emissions of province x where electricity is sold, and NG represents the number of generating units in province x where electricity is sold. This represents the carbon emissions of transaction path n; NL represents the electricity volume transacted through transaction path n in electricity-selling province x; NL represents the number of transaction paths in electricity-selling province x.

5. The blockchain-based carbon footprint tracking method for inter-provincial spot transactions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The carbon allocation model is as follows: In the formula, This indicates the amount of carbon emissions that province y, which purchases the electricity, needs to bear. This represents the amount of carbon emissions that province x, which sells electricity, needs to bear.

6. The blockchain-based carbon footprint tracking method for inter-provincial spot transactions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electricity information from inter-provincial transactions is packaged and stored in the blockchain, and then used to form an immutable, transparent carbon footprint information through smart contracts.

7. A blockchain-based inter-provincial spot trading carbon footprint tracking system, comprising the method described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: Information collection module: Collects cross-provincial power transaction results from the inter-provincial power spot market through blockchain and stores them in the agent accounts of the blockchain merchants in each power generation province and power purchasing province; Model building module: Based on the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, a model is built to determine the carbon emission allocation of inter-provincial electricity spot transactions, and the carbon emission allocation coefficient is obtained; Assessment module: Based on the agent account information of each power generation province and power purchase province, the clearing results of the inter-provincial electricity spot market, and the carbon emission allocation coefficient, the assessment of the entire process of carbon production, carbon transfer, and carbon allocation is completed through smart contracts and recorded in the blockchain; In addition, the carbon footprint tracking module: based on the results recorded by smart contracts, it forms immutable carbon footprint information in the blockchain through a chain structure.

8. A device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Memory, used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the carbon footprint tracking method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the processor performs the method described in any one of claims 1-6.

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