A multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, channel and field coupling

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-modal assembled hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, channel and field coupling. The multi-modal assembled hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, channel and field coupling includes: a lower water storage tank, a U-shaped open channel and a trapezoidal cross-section ecological imitation flow channel. The U-shaped open channel is arranged above the lower water storage tank, and the trapezoidal cross-section ecological imitation flow channel is arranged above the U-shaped open channel. A fishway water outlet tank is fixedly installed on one side of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological imitation flow channel, and a lower open channel water outlet tank is fixedly installed on the side of the U-shaped open channel away from the fishway water outlet tank. A water pump is fixedly installed inside the lower water storage tank, and the output end of the water pump is connected with two water supply pipes. One end of one of the water supply pipes away from the water pump is communicated with the fishway water outlet tank, and one end of the other water supply pipe away from the water pump is communicated with the lower open channel water outlet tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of prefabricated experimental platforms, and specifically to a multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device for pipe, channel, and field coupling. Background Art

[0002] At present, most hydraulic experiment instruments are imperfect and have single functions, which cannot effectively stimulate students' interest and autonomy in learning, and are not conducive to cultivating students' innovative awareness and innovation ability; the existing open channel and pipe flow experiment devices do not meet the diversified needs, and the processes of experiment adjustment, measurement, and reading are cumbersome. Students waste most of their time on adjusting the water flow conditions and do not really consolidate the basic knowledge of hydraulics; the experimental phenomena and data of traditional hydraulic experiment devices are very abstract, and students need to consult a large amount of theoretical materials to comprehensively understand, which also causes a waste of time and a reduction in efficiency; currently, the degree of water conservancy informatization is increasing day by day, bringing profound changes to the development of hydraulics, and the traditional hydraulic teaching mode is greatly challenged. In the future, with the network platform as the carrier, the trend of intelligent hydraulic experiment teaching is significant. Therefore, based on the traditional hydraulic experiment device and the basic principle of fluid flow, the present invention proposes a multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device for pipe, channel, and field coupling. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device for pipe, channel, and field coupling to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device for pipe, channel, and field coupling, the multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device for pipe, channel, and field coupling includes:

[0006] A lower water storage tank, a U-shaped open channel, and a trapezoidal cross-section ecological imitation flow channel. The U-shaped open channel is arranged above the lower water storage tank, and the trapezoidal cross-section ecological imitation flow channel is arranged above the U-shaped open channel. A fishway water outlet tank is fixedly installed on one side of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological imitation flow channel, and a lower open channel water outlet tank is fixedly installed on the side of the U-shaped open channel away from the fishway water outlet tank. A water pump is fixedly installed inside the lower water storage tank, and the output end of the water pump is connected to two water supply pipes. One end of one of the water supply pipes away from the water pump is communicated with the fishway water outlet tank, and the other end of the other water supply pipe away from the water pump is communicated with the lower open channel water outlet tank.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: a flow stabilizing hole is fixedly installed on one side of the fishway outlet water tank close to the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow channel, a foldable waterproof cloth is installed on the side of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow channel far from the fishway outlet water tank, a first drop well is arranged at the bottom of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow channel, and the first drop well is arranged above the lower open channel outlet water tank.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: partition installation grooves are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow channel, a fishway vertical slit partition is installed between two opposite partition installation grooves, a first hydraulic self-control flip gate is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow channel, and the first hydraulic self-control flip gate is arranged above the first drop well.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: a water stabilizing orifice plate for cooperating with the U-shaped open channel is fixedly installed inside the lower open channel outlet water tank.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: a second drop well is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the U-shaped open channel, the second drop well is arranged above the three-layer triangular weir, a second hydraulic self-control flip gate is installed on the inner wall of the U-shaped open channel, and the second hydraulic self-control flip gate is arranged above the second drop well.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a pipe flow inlet pipe is installed inside the U-shaped open channel, one end of the pipe flow inlet pipe far from the U-shaped open channel is connected with three detachable pipes, one end of two of the detachable pipes far from the pipe flow inlet pipe is connected with the other detachable pipe, and the detachable pipes pass above the three-layer triangular weir and the ends are arranged above the lower storage tank.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a main valve is installed on the surface of the pipe flow inlet pipe, a first branch valve, a second branch valve and a third branch valve are respectively installed at one ends of the three detachable pipes, and a first tail valve, a second tail valve and a third tail valve are respectively installed at the other ends of the three detachable pipes.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the slope of the bottom of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow channel is between 1 / 200 and 1 / 100, and the slope of the side wall of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow channel is between 45° and 90°.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device forms an innovative water supply system capable of self-circulation through the rational design of a water supply tank, an experimental flume, and experimental pipelines. Experimenters can conduct multiple conventional and research hydraulic and river dynamics experiments on this device, including experimental studies on the trapezoidal orifice vertical slot type ecological fishway model, numerical simulation studies on the ecological fishway under the coupling action of multiple factors, weir flow experiments, determination experiments of the roughness coefficient of open channels, vegetation flow-through experiments, pier flow-around and scour experiments, Reynolds experiments, fishway experiments, determination experiments of the friction factor along the length, determination experiments of the local resistance coefficient, energy and momentum equation verification experiments, etc. In addition, experimenters can also independently innovate and design other experiments.

[0016] 2. The multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device proposes a variable slope and deformable trapezoidal cross-section ecological fishway with a diversified fishway channel structure that can simulate various natural river channels. The fishway baffle adopts a detachable new orifice vertical slot type baffle, which can form various water flow conditions and provide support for studying the upstream migration habits of different fish under different water flow conditions. The multi-modal fishway change form also provides technical support for improving the utilization efficiency of the fishway and improving the fishway ecological environment. Natural pebbles or aquatic vegetation can be laid at the bottom of the fishway channel to provide technical support for comprehensively understanding the upstream migration law of fish and the restoration of the river water ecological environment. The U-shaped open channel flume greatly reduces the space occupied by the flume while meeting the open channel water flow conditions, and all the open channel experimental devices adopt a freely installable design, greatly improving the multi-functional use value of the instrument. This experimental device can conduct multiple pressure pipe flow and open channel flow experiments, saving laboratory space and reducing the number of experimental instruments at the same time.

[0017] 3. Compared with the existing single hydraulic experimental instruments, the multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device not only realizes more innovations in instruments, but also helps to cultivate students' independent design and self-innovation awareness, and pays more attention to the exercise of students' brain and hands-on abilities. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, flume and field coupling;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a rear view three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, flume and field coupling;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a split structure schematic diagram of the multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, flume and field coupling;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of three detachable pipe structures of the multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, flume and field coupling;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a variety of vertical slot partitions of a pipe, channel, and field coupled multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device and its installation grooves.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Lower water storage tank; 2. Water pump; 3. Water supply pipe; 4. Fishway water outlet tank; 5. Flow stabilizing hole; 6. Partition installation groove; 7. Trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel; 8. Vertical slot partition of fishway; 9. First hydraulic self-control flip gate; 10. Foldable waterproof cloth; 11. First drop well; 12. Lower layer open channel water outlet tank; 13. Flow stabilizing orifice plate; 14. U-shaped open channel; 15. Second hydraulic self-control flip gate; 16. Second drop well; 17. Three-layer triangular weir; 18. Pipe flow inlet pipe; 19. Main valve; 20. First branch valve; 21. Second branch valve; 22. Third branch valve; 23. Detachable pipeline; 24. First tail valve; 25. Second tail valve; 26. Third tail valve. Specific embodiments

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] In addition, an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, which can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manner.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5 , in the embodiments of the present invention, a pipe, channel, and field coupled multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device, the pipe, channel, and field coupled multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device includes:

[0027] Lower water storage tank 1, U-shaped open channel 14 and trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7. The U-shaped open channel 14 is arranged above the lower water storage tank 1, and the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7 is arranged above the U-shaped open channel 14. A fishway outlet water tank 4 is fixedly installed on one side of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7, and a lower open channel outlet water tank 12 is fixedly installed on the side of the U-shaped open channel 14 away from the fishway outlet water tank 4. A water pump 2 is fixedly installed inside the lower water storage tank 1. The output end of the water pump 2 is connected to two water supply pipes 3. One end of one water supply pipe 3 away from the water pump 2 is communicated with the fishway outlet water tank 4, and the other end of the other water supply pipe 3 away from the water pump 2 is communicated with the lower open channel outlet water tank 12.

[0028] Furthermore, a steady flow hole 5 is fixedly installed on the side of the fishway outlet water tank 4 close to the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7. A foldable waterproof cloth 10 is installed on the side of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7 away from the fishway outlet water tank 4. A first drop well 11 is arranged at the bottom of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7, and the first drop well 11 is arranged above the lower open channel outlet water tank 12.

[0029] Furthermore, partition installation grooves 6 are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7. A fishway vertical slit partition 8 is installed between two opposite partition installation grooves 6. A first hydraulic self-control flip gate 9 is installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7, and the first hydraulic self-control flip gate 9 is arranged above the first drop well 11.

[0030] In this embodiment, in the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7 serving as the top fishway, the experimenter can change the slope of the fishway through the lifting device on the side of the fishway outlet water tank 4, and the slope change range is between 1 / 200 and 1 / 100; when changing the sidewall angle, the foldable waterproof cloth 10 can be folded or unfolded; the sidewall and the bottom of the top fishway are connected by a special waterproof elastic material to ensure that water leakage is prevented when the sidewall angle changes, effectively simulating various natural river forms; the fishway vertical slit partition 8 is rigidly connected to the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7, and a plurality of installation grooves are fixedly arranged at intervals on the groove plate, which can facilitate the disassembly and installation of the fishway vertical slit partition 8. The experimenter can install different numbers of partitions on the same side or different sides of the fishway flow-through channel according to research needs. A first hydraulic self-control flip gate 9 is installed at the end of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7, and the opening can be adjusted to change the water level or water flow conditions in the channel; in order to comprehensively understand the law of fish migration upstream and the restoration of river water ecology, the experimenter can also lay natural pebbles and vegetation at the bottom of the fishway to simulate the actual river ecological environment conditions. Compared with the existing fishway experimental model in the laboratory, the variable bottom slope and variable form design, orifice vertical slit partition design and installable design of the fishway in this model improve the multiple use value of this fishway channel model, and can simulate various natural river environments, forming various water flow conditions in the fish chamber, which is of great significance for studying the migration laws of various fish species and improving the utilization efficiency of the fishway.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 Figures 1 - 3

[0032] In this embodiment, inside the U-shaped open channel 14, the experimenter can independently install a weir insertion plate groove, install different forms of weirs, adjust the flow rate and the water level of the open channel, conduct experimental verification on the learned weir flow knowledge, and measure the flow coefficient of each weir, etc. The experimental platform provides a photoelectric water level measuring instrument to measure the water level, with a high degree of automation, convenient for reading and saving time. The open channel flow rate is measured by the three-layer triangular weir 17. In addition, the experimenter can assemble different weir forms to conduct independent experimental exploration and flow coefficient measurement; the experimenter can install the provided vegetation insertion plate groove, install flexible vegetation or rigid vegetation, and explore the influence of the vegetation in the U-shaped open channel 14 on the open channel flow by changing the vegetation density, changing the vegetation size, changing the vegetation submergence depth, changing the vegetation distribution form, or changing the vegetation type, etc. By arranging measuring instruments, explore the change in the flow velocity distribution form of the water flow in the U-shaped open channel 14 in the presence of vegetation, and explore the influence on the roughness coefficient of the open channel when vegetation exists, etc.; the experimenter can install a pier insertion plate groove, install different forms of piers, and use the laser-fluorescence technology to display the phenomenon of flow around the pier and the Karman vortex street by utilizing the characteristics of laser-induced fluorescence. At the same time, the distribution form and the number of piers can also be changed to observe the phenomena in different situations. Pressure-sensitive strain gauges are installed on the piers, and the stress change when the incoming flow hits the piers is displayed by connecting electronic instruments to explore the water-blocking characteristics and protection measures of the piers; the experimenter can add model sand at the open channel bend, and observe the bend water flow phenomenon through the measurement of the flow velocity meter and the distribution of the sand, and explore the characteristics of the bend water flow.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 4 Figure 4

[0034] In this embodiment, in the part of the comprehensive pipe flow experiment system, the main valve 19 installed on the pipe flow inlet pipe 18 is opened, and the water flow enters the detachable pipe 23 serving as the experimental pipeline from the lower open-channel water outlet tank 12. Multiple pipe flow experiments can be carried out by connecting different experimental pipelines through pipe unions. Each detachable experimental pipeline is connected with a piezometer tube and other experimental instruments required for data measurement. A main valve 19 is provided at the pipeline water inlet, and the pipeline connection is a two-way or three-way conversion elbow and is detachable to meet the requirements of different experimental pipelines or conduct multiple experiments simultaneously. Pipe unions are provided at the detachable ends of the detachable pipe 23, which can be connected to experimental pipelines with different pipe diameters, different materials, and different forms provided by the platform. The comprehensive pipe flow experiment system can conduct pipe flow experiments such as parallel pipeline experiments, frictional resistance experiments, local head loss experiments, and Reynolds experiments. A first tail valve 24 and a second tail valve 25 are installed at the ends of two detachable pipe 23 pipelines. After the water flow passes through each pipeline, it converges into the main pipeline. A third tail valve 26 is installed at the end of another detachable pipe 23, and finally it flows into the lower water storage tank 1.

[0035] It should be noted that the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel 7 and the U-shaped open channel 14 of this experimental device use the laser-fluorescence technology to display the spatial flow field in the experiment. An argon ion laser is used as the laser source to form a single sheet of light or a continuously scanned sheet of light, and a variety of colored lasers such as rhodamine 6G, rhodamine B, and sodium fluorescein are used to induce fluorescent dyes to display the flow field. The formation and mixing process of the flow-around vortices can be observed by simultaneously using multiple dyes, and the experimental process is recorded by photography or video recording.

[0036] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

[0037] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, channel and field coupling, characterized in that The pipe, channel and field coupling multi-modal assembled hydraulic phenomenon generating device includes: A lower water storage tank (1), a U-shaped open channel (14) and a trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel (7). The U-shaped open channel (14) is arranged above the lower water storage tank (1). The trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel (7) is arranged above the U-shaped open channel (14). A fishway outlet water tank (4) is fixedly installed on one side of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel (7). A lower open channel outlet water tank (12) is fixedly installed on the side of the U-shaped open channel (14) away from the fishway outlet water tank (4). A water pump (2) is fixedly installed inside the lower water storage tank (1). The output end of the water pump (2) is connected to two water supply pipes (3). One end of one of the water supply pipes (3) away from the water pump (2) is communicated with the fishway outlet water tank (4), and the other end of the other water supply pipe (3) away from the water pump (2) is communicated with the lower open channel outlet water tank (12). A steady flow hole (5) is fixedly installed on the side of the fishway outlet water tank (4) close to the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel (7). A foldable waterproof cloth (10) is installed on the side of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel (7) away from the fishway outlet water tank (4). A first drop well (11) is arranged at the bottom of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel (7). The first drop well (11) is arranged above the lower open channel outlet water tank (12). A second drop well (16) is arranged at the bottom inner wall of the U-shaped open channel (14). The second drop well (16) is arranged above the three-layer triangular weir (17). A second hydraulic self-control turning gate (15) is installed on the inner wall of the U-shaped open channel (14). The second hydraulic self-control turning gate (15) is arranged above the second drop well (16).

2. The multimodal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, channel and field coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that Partition installation grooves (6) are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel (7). A fishway vertical seam partition (8) is installed between two opposite partition installation grooves (6). A first hydraulic self-control turning gate (9) is installed at the bottom inner wall of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow-through channel (7). The first hydraulic self-control turning gate (9) is arranged above the first drop well (11).

3. The multimodal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, channel and field coupling according to claim 2, characterized in that, A steady water orifice plate (13) matched with the U-shaped open channel (14) is fixedly installed inside the lower open channel outlet water tank (12).

4. A multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, channel and field coupling according to claim 3, characterized in that A pipe flow inlet pipe (18) is installed inside the U-shaped open channel (14). One end of the pipe flow inlet pipe (18) away from the U-shaped open channel (14) is connected to three detachable pipes (23). One end of two of the detachable pipes (23) away from the pipe flow inlet pipe (18) is connected to the other detachable pipe (23). The detachable pipes (23) are arranged above the lower water storage tank (1).

5. A multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, channel and field coupling, characterized in that, A main valve (19) is installed on the surface of the pipe flow inlet pipe (18). First sub-valves (20), second sub-valves (21) and third sub-valves (22) are respectively installed at one ends of the three detachable pipes (23). First tail valves (24), second tail valves (25) and third tail valves (26) are respectively installed at the other ends of the three detachable pipes (23).

6. A multi-modal prefabricated hydraulic phenomenon generating device with pipe, channel and field coupling, characterized in that, The slope of the bottom of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow channel (7) is between 1 / 200 and 1 / 100, and the slope of the side wall of the trapezoidal cross-section ecological flow channel (7) is between 45° and 90°.

Images