A multi-level interlocking security device

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-level interlocking security device, including a base, a primary inertial safety mechanism, a secondary launch safety mechanism, a tertiary electromechanical safety mechanism, a first security seat, a second security seat, a PCB circuit board, and a release signal switch. The primary inertial safety mechanism can only release when the missile reaches a predetermined acceleration within the launch tube, achieving the required inertial force. The primary inertial safety mechanism can only release within the launch tube. If the missile does not reach the predetermined acceleration value within the launch tube, the secondary launch safety mechanism locks the primary inertial safety mechanism, preventing further release and preventing the secondary launch safety mechanism from completing its release action. The tertiary electromechanical safety mechanism can only release after the primary inertial safety mechanism and the secondary launch safety mechanism have released; otherwise, it will not release under any circumstances, ensuring the absolute safety of the missile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fuse security technology, specifically relating to a multi-level interlocking security device as a low-cost mechanical security device for miniature missile fuses. Background Technology

[0002] In miniature missiles, the existing mechanical safety devices in the fuses mainly use multiple electric pin pullers as safety devices, which are costly. Moreover, as pyrotechnic devices, electric pin pullers are easily affected by external factors and may be accidentally triggered, which cannot guarantee the absolute safety of the missile and the operators. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-level interlocking security device. This security device is relatively simple and low in cost. It adopts a multi-level interlocking and electromechanical combination method, which is safe and reliable and can ensure the absolute safety of missiles and operators.

[0004] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention is as follows:

[0005] A multi-level interlocking security device includes a base, a primary inertial safety mechanism, a secondary outlet safety mechanism, a tertiary electromechanical safety mechanism, a first security seat, a second security seat, a PCB circuit board, and a release signal switch;

[0006] The base is hollow, and the first security seat and the second security seat are arranged side by side inside the base. The inner wall of the base is fixedly fitted onto the first security seat and the second security seat respectively. The first security seat is provided with a first explosion transmission hole.

[0007] The primary inertial safety mechanism includes an inertial force pull-out mechanism and a primary limit pin. The primary limit pin is installed on the inertial force pull-out mechanism. When the primary inertial safety mechanism is released, it can trigger a release signal switch to provide a release signal.

[0008] The secondary ejection safety mechanism includes an elastic sliding component, an ejection pin, and a secondary limit pin. The elastic sliding component is movably installed on the side of the first mounting base facing the second safety base. One end of the ejection pin and the secondary limit pin are respectively connected to the elastic sliding component. The base is provided with an ejection pin hole that mates with the ejection pin, and the ejection pin passes through the ejection pin hole.

[0009] The elastic sliding component is provided with a first-level limiting groove that is connected to the first-level limiting pin. The first-level limiting pin moves through the first security seat and limits the elastic sliding component by the thrust applied by the inertial force pulling mechanism.

[0010] The three-level electromechanical safety mechanism includes an explosion-proof assembly, which includes an explosion-proof rotor and an automatic reset assembly. The explosion-proof rotor is provided with a second explosion transmission hole. The automatic reset assembly is installed on a second safety seat. The explosion-proof rotor is installed on the automatic reset assembly. The explosion-proof rotor is provided with a secondary limit groove that cooperates with the secondary limit pin. The explosion-proof rotor is limited by the secondary limit pin.

[0011] The PCB circuit board is equipped with a conductive spring. The movable end of the conductive spring contacts the corresponding position on the PCB circuit board. After the explosion-proof rotor is reset, it touches the limiting spring, causing the movable end of the conductive spring to disconnect from the corresponding position on the PCB circuit board.

[0012] The inertial force pull-out mechanism includes an inertial block, a sleeve, a first spring, and a pressing pin. One end of the sleeve is open, and the open end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the side of the first security seat facing away from the second security seat. The sleeve sidewall is symmetrically provided with guide grooves extending along the sleeve axis on both sides. The inertial block is movably sleeved in the sleeve. A first-level limiting pin is fixedly inserted through the inertial block and movably inserted through the closed end of the sleeve. The first spring is compressed in the sleeve and sleeved on the first-level limiting pin. The pressing pin is fixedly inserted through the side of the first-level limiting pin near the first security seat and is perpendicular to the first-level limiting pin. The security release signal switch is installed on the side of the first security seat facing away from the second security seat. The pressing pin can slide along a pair of guide grooves and can trigger the security release signal switch.

[0013] The first-level limiting pin is provided with a limiting ring, which is located inside the sleeve. The limiting ring and the sleeve are in clearance fit. The first spring is compressed inside the sleeve by the limiting ring, and the pressing pin passes through the limiting ring.

[0014] The elastic sliding assembly includes a second spring and an ejector slider. The first mounting base is provided with an ejector groove, and the ejector slider is connected to the ejector groove. One end of the second spring and one end of the ejector pin are respectively connected to the ejector slider. The second spring and the ejector pin are located on both sides of the ejector slider. The second spring is compressed between the ejector slider and the base. The secondary limit pin is fixed on the side of the ejector slider near the ejector pin. The secondary limit pin faces the second security seat and is perpendicular to the ejector pin.

[0015] The automatic reset assembly includes a torsion spring and a torsion spring fixing shaft. The torsion spring fixing shaft passes through the second safety seat and is interference-fitted with the second safety seat. The torsion spring is sleeved on the torsion spring fixing shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to the inner wall of the base, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed to the explosion-proof rotor.

[0016] The three-level electromechanical safety mechanism also includes a limiting component, which includes a limiting rotor and a reduction motor. The reduction motor is mounted on the first safety seat, and the limiting rotor is sleeved on the output shaft of the reduction motor. The limiting rotor has a smooth limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion and the limiting groove cooperate with each other.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. This security device includes a primary inertial safety mechanism, a secondary launch safety mechanism, and a tertiary electromechanical safety mechanism. The primary inertial safety mechanism and the secondary launch safety mechanism are interlocked. The primary inertial safety mechanism can only be released when the missile reaches a predetermined acceleration within the launch tube, achieving the required inertial force. The primary inertial safety mechanism can only be released within the launch tube. If the missile does not reach the predetermined acceleration value within the launch tube, the secondary launch safety mechanism will lock the primary inertial safety mechanism, preventing further release and preventing the secondary launch safety mechanism from completing its release action. The tertiary electromechanical safety mechanism can only be released after the primary inertial safety mechanism and the secondary launch safety mechanism have been released; otherwise, it will not release under any circumstances, ensuring the absolute safety of the missile.

[0019] 2. This security device adopts a modular design, has a compact structure, low cost, three-level insurance and a release feedback mechanism, and is not affected by external environmental interference, making it safe and reliable.

[0020] 3. This security device can meet the inertial protection requirements of different missiles by changing the weight of the inertial block.

[0021] 4. This device uses a micro motor for the third-stage unlocking, without using pyrotechnics, ensuring absolute safety. Using a motor for unlocking simplifies the control requirements of the fuse control hardware circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-level interlocking security device.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-level interlocking security device (with the base removed).

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-level interlocking security device (and) Figure 3 (Different angles)

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The main view.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-level interlocking security device.

[0027] Among them, 1-base, 2-first safety seat, 3-second safety seat, 4-first explosion transmission hole, 5-first-level limit pin, 6-inertia block, 7-sleeve, 8-first spring, 9-contact pin, 10-limit ring, 11-guide groove, 12-release signal switch, 13-ejection pin, 14-second-level limit pin, 15-second spring, 16-ejection slider, 17-first-level limit groove, 18-explosion-proof rotor, 19-torsion spring, 20-torsion spring fixing shaft, 21-limit rotor, 22-gear motor, 23-PCB circuit board, 24-conductive spring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The multi-level interlocking security device provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1-5 As shown, it includes a base 1, a primary inertial safety mechanism, a secondary outlet safety mechanism, a tertiary electromechanical safety mechanism, a first safety seat 2, a second safety seat 3, a PCB circuit board 23, and a release signal switch 12.

[0030] The base 1 is cylindrical and hollow inside, and it provides support for the entire device.

[0031] Both the first security seat 2 and the second security seat 3 are disc-shaped, arranged side by side within the base, with the inner wall of the base 1 fixedly fitted onto the first security seat 2 and the second security seat 3 respectively. The first security seat 1 has a first detonation hole 4 in its center, and an electric detonator is placed in the first detonation hole 4.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the primary inertial safety mechanism includes an inertial force pull-out mechanism and a primary limiting pin 5. The inertial force pull-out mechanism includes an inertial block 6, a sleeve 7, a first spring 8, and a pressing pin 9. One end of the sleeve 7 is open, and the open end of the sleeve 7 is fixedly connected to the end face of the first security seat 2 facing away from the second security seat 3. The inertial block 6 is movably sleeved outside the sleeve 7. The primary limiting pin 5 passes through the inertial block 6 and the sleeve 7, and the primary limiting pin 5 and the inertial block 6 are interference-fitted, while the closed end of the primary limiting pin 5 and the sleeve 7 are clearance-fitted.

[0033] A limiting ring 10 is provided on the side of the first limiting pin 5 near the first security seat 2. The limiting ring 10 is located inside the sleeve 7, and the limiting ring 10 and the sleeve 7 are in clearance fit. The first spring 8 is located inside the sleeve 7 and is sleeved on the first limiting pin 5. One end of the first spring 8 contacts the limiting ring 10 for limitation, and the other end of the first spring 8 contacts the closed end of the sleeve 7 for limitation. The first spring 8 is compressed inside the sleeve 7 by the limiting ring.

[0034] The pressing pin 9 passes through the first-level limiting pin 5 and the limiting ring 10, and is fixedly connected to both the first-level limiting pin 5 and the limiting ring 10. The pressing pin 9 is perpendicular to the first-level limiting pin 5. Symmetrical guide grooves 11 extending axially along the two sides of the sleeve 7 are provided on both sides of the sleeve 7 sidewall, allowing the pressing pin 9 to slide along a pair of guide grooves 11. The safety release signal switch 12 is installed on the end face of the first safety seat 2 facing away from the second safety seat 3. When the pressing pin 9 slides, it presses the safety release signal switch 12, triggering the switch to conduct and feeding back a level signal to the fuze control circuit, thus providing a safety release signal.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the secondary ejection safety mechanism includes an elastic sliding assembly, an ejection pin 13, and a secondary limiting pin 14. The elastic sliding assembly includes a second spring 15 and an ejection slider 16. An ejection groove is provided on the end face of the first mounting base 2 facing the second safety seat 3, and the ejection slider 16 is connected to the ejection groove. One end of the second spring 15 is connected to the ejection slider 16, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the base 1. The second spring 15 is compressed between the ejection slider 16 and the base 1. One end of the ejection pin 13 is connected to the ejection slider 16, and the ejection pin 13 and the second spring 15 are located on opposite sides of the ejection slider 16. The base 1 has an ejection pin hole that mates with the ejection pin, and the ejection pin 13 passes through the ejection pin hole. The secondary limiting pin 14 is fixed to the side of the ejection slider 16 near the ejection pin 13, facing the second safety seat 3, and perpendicular to the ejection pin 13.

[0036] The ejector slider 16 is provided with a primary limiting groove 17 that mates with the primary limiting pin 5. The primary limiting pin 5 passes through the first safety seat 2, and the primary limiting pin 5 and the first safety seat 2 are in clearance fit. After the primary limiting pin 5 passes through the first safety seat 2, one end of the primary limiting pin 5 is inserted into the primary limiting groove 17. Since the first spring 8 is in a compressed state, one end of the primary limiting pin 5 is fixed in the primary limiting groove 17, thereby limiting the ejector slider 16.

[0037] The three-level electromechanical safety mechanism includes an explosion-proof assembly and a limiting assembly. The explosion-proof assembly includes an explosion-proof rotor 18 and an automatic reset assembly. The explosion-proof rotor 18 has a second explosion transmission hole and is fan-shaped. The explosion-proof rotor 18 has a secondary limiting groove that mates with a secondary limiting pin 14. One side of the secondary limiting pin 14 abuts against the secondary limiting groove to limit the explosion-proof rotor 18. The base 1 has a rotor guide groove (not shown in the figure) that mates with the explosion-proof rotor 17 to guide the explosion-proof rotor 18 during rotation.

[0038] The automatic reset assembly includes a torsion spring 19 and a torsion spring fixing shaft 20. The torsion spring fixing shaft 20 passes through the second safety seat 3 and is interference-fitted with the second safety seat 3. The tip of the explosion-proof rotor has a channel for the torsion spring fixing shaft to pass through. The torsion spring 19 is sleeved on the torsion spring fixing shaft 20. One end of the torsion spring 19 is fixed to the inner wall of the base 1, and the other end of the torsion spring 19 is fixed to the explosion-proof rotor 18.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the limiting assembly includes a limiting rotor 21 and a geared motor 22. A limiting seat (not shown) is provided on the base 1 to limit the limiting rotor, and the limiting seat provides space for the limiting rotor to rotate. The geared motor 22 is mounted on the first safety seat 1, and the limiting rotor 21 is sleeved on the output shaft of the geared motor 22. The limiting rotor 21 has smooth limiting protrusions, and the explosion-proof rotor 18 has smooth limiting grooves. The limiting protrusions and limiting grooves cooperate, and the limiting rotor 21 limits the explosion-proof rotor 18 through the cooperation of the limiting protrusions and limiting grooves.

[0040] The PCB circuit board 23 is fixed on the base 1, and the end face of the PCB circuit board 23 facing away from the first security base 2 is attached to the second security base 3. A conductive spring 24 is provided on the PCB circuit board 22. The conductive spring 23 is V-shaped, and the tip of the conductive spring 24 passes through the second security base 3. When the explosion-proof rotor 18 is in the limited position, the explosion-proof rotor 18 does not contact the conductive spring 23, and the movable end of the conductive spring 24 contacts the corresponding point on the PCB circuit board 22, and the electric detonator is in a short-circuit protection state. When the explosion-proof rotor 18 is released from the limited position, the explosion-proof rotor 18 rotates, and after rotating, it touches the tip of the limiting spring 24, causing the movable end of the conductive spring 24 to disconnect from the corresponding point on the PCB circuit board 23. At this time, the short-circuit protection of the electric detonator can be released.

[0041] The working principle of the above-mentioned multi-level interlocking security device is as follows:

[0042] After the missile is launched from the launch tube, it generates an acceleration that satisfies the inertial release (the set acceleration). Due to the existence of inertia, the inertial block 6 and the first-level limit pin 5 move backward. The first-level limit pin 5 drives the limit ring 10 to move backward. The limit ring 10 further compresses the first spring 8. The first-level limit pin 5 drives the contact pin 9 to move backward until the first-level limit pin 5 is pulled out of the first-level limit groove 17. At this time, the contact pin 9 contacts the release signal switch 12, and the release signal switch 12 is turned on, feeding back the release signal to the fuse control circuit.

[0043] The instant the primary limit pin 5 is withdrawn from the primary limit groove 17, the ejector slider 16 moves under the action of the second spring 15. The ejector slider 16 pushes the ejector pin 13 outward from the base. At the same time, the ejector slider 16 drives the secondary limit pin 14 to disengage from the secondary limit groove, releasing the limit on the explosion-proof rotor 18. Simultaneously, the fuse control circuit uses the release signal feedback from the release signal switch as the zero point for timing and starts timing. After a delay until the missile flies to a safe distance, it controls the reduction motor 22 to rotate. The reduction motor 22 drives the limit rotor 21 to start rotating. Since the explosion-proof rotor is released from the limit by the secondary limit pin, the explosion-proof rotor also starts to rotate under the action of the torsion spring. The explosion-proof rotor 18 and the limit rotor 21 rotate simultaneously, and the limit rotor 21 releases the limit on the explosion-proof rotor 22.

[0044] After the explosion-proof rotor 18 rotates to the set position, the explosion-proof rotor 18 touches the tip of the limiting spring 24, causing the movable end of the conductive spring 24 to disconnect from the corresponding position on the PCB circuit board 23, which can release the short circuit protection of the electric detonator. At the same time, the first detonation hole 4 and the second detonation hole are connected, and the detonation channel is opened.

Claims

1. A multi-stage interlocking security device, characterized by: The application relates to a safety device for an electric detonator, which comprises a base, a first inertia safety mechanism, a second out-of-tube safety mechanism, a third electromechanical safety mechanism, a first safety seat, a second safety seat, a PCB circuit board and a safety release signal switch. The base is hollow, the first safety seat and the second safety seat are arranged side by side in the base, and the inner walls of the base are fixedly arranged on the first safety seat and the second safety seat respectively, and the first safety seat is provided with a first transmission hole. The first inertia safety mechanism comprises an inertia force pulling mechanism and a first limiting pin, the first limiting pin is installed on the inertia force pulling mechanism, the first inertia safety mechanism can trigger the safety release signal switch during safety release, feed back a level signal to a fuze control circuit and feed back a safety release signal. The second out-of-tube safety mechanism comprises an elastic sliding assembly, an ejection pin and a second limiting pin, the elastic sliding assembly is movably arranged on one side of the first mounting seat facing the second safety seat, one end of the ejection pin and the second limiting pin is connected with the elastic sliding assembly respectively, the base is provided with an ejection hole matched with the ejection pin, and the ejection pin penetrates through the ejection hole. The elastic sliding assembly is provided with a first limiting slot matched with the first limiting pin, the first limiting pin movably penetrates through the first safety seat, and the first limiting pin limits the elastic sliding assembly through the thrust of the inertia force pulling mechanism. The third electromechanical safety mechanism comprises an explosion-proof assembly, the explosion-proof assembly comprises an explosion-proof rotor and an automatic reset assembly, the explosion-proof rotor is provided with a second transmission hole, the automatic reset assembly is installed on the second safety seat, the explosion-proof rotor is installed on the automatic reset assembly, the explosion-proof rotor is provided with a second limiting slot matched with the second limiting pin, and the explosion-proof rotor is limited by the second limiting pin. The PCB circuit board is provided with a conductive spring, the movable end of the conductive spring contacts a corresponding point on the PCB circuit board, the explosion-proof rotor touches and presses the limiting spring after reset, the movable end of the conductive spring is disconnected with the corresponding point on the PCB circuit board, and the short-circuit protection of the electric detonator can be released at this time.

2. The multi-stage interlock security device of claim 1, wherein: The inertia force pulling mechanism comprises an inertia block, a sleeve, a first spring and a touch pressure pin, one end of the sleeve is open, the open end of the sleeve is fixedly connected with one side of the first safety seat away from the second safety seat, the side walls of the sleeve are symmetrically provided with guide grooves extending along the axial direction of the sleeve, the inertia block is movably sleeved in the sleeve, the first limiting pin is fixedly penetrated through the inertia block, the first limiting pin is movably penetrated through the closed end of the sleeve, the first spring is compressed in the sleeve, the first spring is sleeved on the first limiting pin, the touch pressure pin is fixedly penetrated through one side of the first limiting pin close to the first safety seat and perpendicular to the first limiting pin, the safety release signal switch is installed on one side of the first safety seat away from the second safety seat, the touch pressure pin can slide along the pair of guide grooves, and the touch pressure pin can trigger the safety release signal switch.

3. The multi-stage interlock security device of claim 2, wherein: The first limiting pin is provided with a limiting ring, the limiting ring is located in the sleeve, the limiting ring is matched with the sleeve in a gap, the first spring is compressed in the sleeve by the limiting ring, and the touch pressure pin penetrates through the limiting ring.

4. The multi-stage interlock security apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The elastic sliding assembly comprises a second spring and an ejection sliding block, the first mounting base is provided with an ejection sliding groove, the ejection sliding block is connected with the ejection sliding groove in a matched mode, one end of the second spring and one end of the ejection pin are connected with the ejection sliding block respectively, the second spring and the ejection pin are located on two sides of the ejection sliding block respectively, the second spring is compressed between the ejection sliding block and the base, a secondary limiting pin is fixed on one side of the ejection sliding block close to the ejection pin, the secondary limiting pin faces the second safety seat, and the secondary limiting pin is perpendicular to the ejection pin.

5. The multi-stage interlock security apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The automatic reset assembly comprises a torsion spring and a torsion spring fixing shaft, the torsion spring fixing shaft penetrates through the second safety seat, the torsion spring fixing shaft is in interference fit with the second safety seat, the torsion spring is sleeved on the torsion spring fixing shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixed on the inner wall of the base, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed on the explosion-proof rotor.

6. The multi-stage interlock security apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The three-stage electromechanical safety mechanism further comprises a limiting assembly, the limiting assembly comprises a limiting rotor and a speed reducer, the speed reducer is installed on the first safety seat, the limiting rotor is sleeved on the output shaft of the speed reducer, the limiting rotor is provided with a smooth limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is matched with the limiting groove.

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