A membrane electrode and a single cell

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and relates to a membrane electrode and a single cell. The membrane electrode comprises a frame and a reaction component. The reaction component is located in a reaction area in the middle of the frame. The frame is provided with an air inlet main channel, an air outlet main channel, a hydrogen inlet main channel and a hydrogen outlet main channel. The membrane electrode is provided with a sealing area on the cathode side and the anode side. The membrane electrode is provided with an air inlet and outlet channel boss. The air inlet main channel and the air outlet main channel are located on the air inlet and outlet channel boss. An air inlet and outlet channel is arranged in the air inlet and outlet channel boss. The sealing area surrounds the air inlet and outlet channel boss and is provided with a first gap. The membrane electrode is provided with a hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss. The hydrogen inlet main channel and the hydrogen outlet main channel are located on the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss. A hydrogen inlet and outlet channel is arranged in the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss. The sealing area surrounds the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss and is provided with a second gap. The application can eliminate the negative influence of liquid solidification on sealing, ensure the sealing effect, reduce the internal flow channel purging blind area and avoid insufficient purging.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a membrane electrode and a single cell. BACKGROUND

[0002] The single cell in the fuel cell structural unit is mainly composed of a membrane electrode, a cathode plate and an anode plate. The membrane electrode is provided with a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst and a gas diffusion layer, etc., and is a chemical reaction site. The cathode plate and the anode plate are metal plates with flow channels, which mainly function to transport reaction gas, collect and conduct current, and discharge water and heat generated by reaction. Therefore, after the membrane electrode, the cathode plate and the anode plate are combined to form a single cell, different flow channels are formed inside the single cell for gas and water flow. Therefore, a sealing structure is needed between the membrane electrode and the cathode plate and the anode plate to prevent hydrogen, oxygen and coolant in the cavities of the single cell from leaking to each other or leaking to the outside environment.

[0003] In the prior art, a sealing ring is generally provided to ensure the sealing of the membrane electrode. For example, in the Chinese patent with the application number CN202310142996.9, a polar plate sealing structure of a fuel cell is disclosed, which includes a first polar plate and a second polar plate, and a sealing rubber ring is arranged in the sealing groove. The sealing rubber ring can be used for sealing between the first polar plate and the second polar plate. However, for the structure in which the membrane electrode is connected to the cathode plate and the anode plate on both sides, since there are multiple flow channels and multiple inlets and outlets, independent sealing between different flow channel inlets and outlets cannot be achieved, and fluid cross-communication between the inlets and outlets of the flow channels is prone to occur. For another example, in the Chinese patent with the application number CN202110108894.6, a sealing structure and a sealing method of a non-welded metal plate single cell are disclosed. The single cell is provided with a groove structure including a first channel and a second channel around the polar plate cavity opening. A sealing ring is formed by injecting glue into the groove structure to ensure that gas cross-communication does not occur between the cavities, and the inlets and outlets of the flow channels are sealed. However, in the structure of the single cell, the injection sealing ring and the channel are both arranged on the polar plate and overlap. With the change of temperature, the injection sealing ring is squeezed and displaced or deformed due to the freezing of the liquid in the internal flow channels of the single cell, which affects the air tightness. At the same time, such a sealing structure is prone to form a blind area for purging, which is not convenient for purging of the single cell.

[0004] In summary, the existing single cell structure at least has the following problems:

[0005] I. The sealing structure is generally positioned by a groove structure, or the position is arranged to intersect with the internal flow channels of the single cell. When the temperature changes, the sealing structure is easily squeezed and deformed or displaced due to the freezing of the liquid in the internal flow channels of the battery, which affects the sealing.

[0006] II. The sealing structure arranged at the inlet and outlet of the flow channel does not consider the influence on the single cell purging, and is prone to generate purging blind area due to the sealing structure, thereby affecting the purging effect of the single cell. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide a membrane electrode and a single cell to solve the problems in the prior art that the sealing structure is prone to be extruded and deformed or deviated due to liquid solidification when the temperature of the single cell changes, resulting in poor sealing, and the sealing structure arranged at the inlet and outlet of the flow channel does not consider the influence on the single cell purging, and is prone to generate purging blind area due to the sealing structure, thereby affecting the purging effect of the single cell.

[0008] To achieve the above and related purposes, in a first aspect, the present application provides a membrane electrode, comprising: a frame and a reaction component, wherein the middle part of the frame is provided with a reaction area, the reaction component is located in the reaction area, the membrane electrode has a cathode side and an anode side, the frame is provided with an air inlet main channel and an air outlet main channel for forming an air flow channel, and a hydrogen inlet main channel and a hydrogen outlet main channel for forming a hydrogen flow channel, and the membrane electrode is provided with a sealing area on the cathode side and the anode side.

[0009] The membrane electrode is provided with an air inlet and outlet channel boss on the cathode side and / or the anode side, and the air inlet main channel of at least one side and the air outlet main channel of at least one side are located on the air inlet and outlet channel boss in the cathode side and the anode side, the air inlet and outlet channel boss is internally provided with an air inlet and outlet channel for connecting with the reaction area, the sealing area surrounds the air inlet and outlet channel boss, and a first gap avoiding the air inlet and outlet channel is arranged in the extension direction of the air inlet and outlet channel.

[0010] The membrane electrode is provided with a hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss on the cathode side and / or the anode side, and the hydrogen inlet main channel of at least one side and the hydrogen outlet main channel of at least one side are located on the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss in the cathode side and the anode side, the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss is internally provided with a hydrogen inlet and outlet channel for connecting with the reaction area, the sealing area surrounds the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss, and a second gap avoiding the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel is arranged in the extension direction of the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel.

[0011] Further, the sealing area comprises a cathode sealing area on the cathode side and an anode sealing area on the anode side, the coverage area of the cathode sealing area and the anode sealing area on the membrane electrode at least partially overlaps, the membrane electrode is provided with a first glue injection hole in the overlapping area of the cathode sealing area and the anode sealing area, for integrally injecting glue to form a seal.

[0012] Further, the frame is provided with a cooling water inlet main channel and a cooling water outlet main channel for forming a cooling water flow channel, and the sealing area surrounds the cooling water inlet main channel and the cooling water outlet main channel.

[0013] Further, the air inlet main channel and the air outlet main channel not provided on the air inlet and outlet channel boss are surrounded by the sealing area, and the hydrogen inlet main channel and the hydrogen outlet main channel not provided on the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss are surrounded by the sealing area.

[0014] Further, the frame is further provided with a bonding area on the cathode side and / or the anode side.

[0015] Further, the bonding area is in communication with the sealing area.

[0016] Further, when the bonding area is provided on both the cathode side and the anode side, the bonding areas on the cathode side and the anode side at least partially overlap on the membrane electrode, and the membrane electrode is provided with a second glue injection hole on the area where the bonding areas on both sides overlap.

[0017] In a second aspect, the application further provides a single cell, which comprises a membrane electrode, a seal, a cathode plate connected to the cathode side of the membrane electrode, and an anode plate connected to the anode side of the membrane electrode, the seal is arranged in the sealing area, the seal comprises a first sealing part on the cathode side and a second sealing part on the anode side, the cathode plate is attached to the air inlet and outlet channel boss and the first sealing part, and the anode plate is attached to the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss and the second sealing part.

[0018] Further, the cathode plate is provided with a first groove on the side attached to the membrane electrode for accommodating the air inlet and outlet channel boss and the first sealing part, the cathode plate is provided with a cathode plate flow channel area and a cathode extension flow channel, the cathode plate flow channel area is used to enclose a cathode reaction cavity with the reaction area, one end of the cathode extension flow channel is connected to the cathode reaction cavity, and the other end is in communication with the side wall of the first groove for connecting with the air inlet and outlet channel when the air inlet and outlet channel boss is accommodated in the first groove.

[0019] The anode plate is provided with a second groove on the side attached to the membrane electrode for accommodating the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss and the second sealing part, the anode plate is provided with an anode plate flow channel area and an anode extension flow channel, the anode plate flow channel area is used to enclose an anode reaction cavity with the reaction area, one end of the anode extension flow channel is connected to the anode reaction cavity, and the other end is in communication with the side wall of the second groove for connecting with the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel when the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss is accommodated in the second groove.

[0020] Further, the first sealing part is of the same height as the air inlet and outlet channel boss, and the second sealing part is of the same height as the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss.

[0021] In summary, the membrane electrode and single cell provided by the application have at least the following technical effects:

[0022] I. When the membrane electrode is attached to the two sides of the polar plate, the air inlet and outlet channel boss and the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss of the membrane electrode can serve as a sealing structure by themselves. If a sealing element is arranged in the sealing area, the sealing element will not overlap with the internal flow channel of the single cell. The sealing element will not be affected by the state of the liquid in the single cell when cooperating with the sealing, eliminating the negative effect of liquid solidification on the sealing, and effectively ensuring the sealing effect and sealing reliability.

[0023] II. The air inlet and outlet channel boss and the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss are arranged at the air and hydrogen inlet and outlet channel ports, which is beneficial to reduce the blind area of the single cell in the internal flow channel purging process, and avoid insufficient purging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of the cathode side of the membrane electrode in the front view direction of the example embodiment of the application is shown.

[0025] Figure 2 A perspective structure schematic diagram of the anode side of the membrane electrode in the front view direction of the example embodiment of the application is shown.

[0026] Figure 3 An axonometric structure schematic diagram of the frame after glue injection of the example embodiment of the application is shown.

[0027] Figure 4 A lateral cross-sectional schematic diagram of the single cell at the hydrogen inlet main channel of the example embodiment of the application is shown.

[0028] Figure 5 A lateral cross-sectional schematic diagram of the single cell at the air inlet main channel of the example embodiment of the application is shown.

[0029] Wherein:

[0030] 110 - frame; 1100 - reaction zone; 1101 - sealing zone; 11011 - first glue injection hole; 1102 - bonding zone; 11021 - second glue injection hole; 1103 - first notch; 1104 - second notch; 111 - air inlet main channel; 112 - air outlet main channel; 113 - hydrogen inlet main channel; 114 - hydrogen outlet main channel; 115 - cooling water inlet main channel; 116 - cooling water outlet main channel; 117 - air inlet / outlet channel boss; 1171 - air inlet / outlet channel; 118 - hydrogen inlet / outlet channel boss; 1181 - hydrogen inlet / outlet channel; 120 - reaction assembly; 200 - sealing member; 300 - cathode plate; 400 - anode plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Other advantages and effects of the present application can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the above description of the embodiments of the present application. The present application can also be implemented or applied in other different embodiments, and the details in the description can be modified or changed based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present application, but not for limiting the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present application, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the drawings, but not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. The shape, number and proportion of each component in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout pattern of the components can be more complex.

[0033] In the existing single cell, the membrane electrode is a flat plate structure with flow channel inlets and outlets, and the sealing of the flow channel is generally achieved by independent sealing structures such as plastic rings around each flow channel inlet and outlet. The setting position of the independent sealing structure is close to the inlet and outlet flow channel or intersects with the flow channel. The specific intersection methods include that the independent sealing structure is partially overlapped with the channel part drawn from the flow channel, intersects, or the independent sealing structure participates in the construction of the flow channel inlet and outlet or the channel. Therefore, once the liquid in the flow channel inlet and outlet solidifies in the existing single cell, the independent sealing structure will be extruded, thereby generating the risk of deformation or displacement, affecting the sealing performance.

[0034] In an embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the main view direction of the cathode side of the membrane electrode, Figure 2For the same perspective, that is, the anode side perspective structure of the membrane electrode in the main perspective direction, the application exemplarily shows a structure scheme of a membrane electrode, which at least includes a frame 110 and a reaction assembly 120, wherein the reaction assembly 120 refers to a structural assembly for carrying out the internal redox reaction of the battery, for example, in some embodiments, the reaction assembly 120 includes a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst and a gas diffusion layer.

[0035] Specifically, the reaction area 1100 is arranged in the middle of the frame 110, the reaction assembly 120 is located in the reaction area 1100, the membrane electrode has a cathode side and an anode side on both sides, the frame 110 is provided with an air inlet main channel 111 and an air outlet main channel 112 for forming an air flow channel, and a hydrogen inlet main channel 113 and a hydrogen outlet main channel 114 for forming a hydrogen flow channel, and the membrane electrode is provided with a sealing area 1101 on the cathode side and the anode side. It can be understood that the sealing area 1101 can be used to set a sealing structure, which can be an independent structure such as a plastic sealing ring or a glue injection part formed by glue injection, or a viscous material coated or pasted on the sealing area 1101. In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The application also exemplarily shows the structure of the frame 110 after glue injection, that is, by injecting glue into the sealing area 1101, an integrally formed sealing part 200 is formed in the sealing area 1101.

[0036] It is worth noting that when the membrane electrode is used to combine to form a single cell and carry out a redox reaction, the two sides of the membrane electrode are used to combine with the cathode and anode plates to form flow channels for hydrogen, air and water flow. The air inlet main channel 111 and the air outlet main channel 112 are channels for air to enter and exit the internal flow channel of the single cell, respectively. The hydrogen inlet main channel 113 and the hydrogen outlet main channel 114 are channels for hydrogen to enter and exit the internal flow channel of the single cell, respectively. The cooling water inlet main channel 115 and the cooling water outlet main channel 116 are channels for cooling water to enter and exit the internal flow channel of the single cell, respectively.

[0037] The membrane electrode is provided with an air inlet and outlet channel boss 117 on the cathode side and / or the anode side. Among the cathode side and the anode side, the air inlet main channel 111 of at least one side and the air outlet main channel 112 of at least one side are located on the air inlet and outlet channel boss 117. The air inlet and outlet channel boss 117 is internally provided with an air inlet and outlet channel 1171 for connecting with the reaction area 1100. The sealing area 1101 surrounds the air inlet and outlet channel boss 117, and is provided with a first gap 1103 avoiding the air inlet and outlet channel 1171 in the extension direction of the air inlet and outlet channel 1171.

[0038] The membrane electrode is provided with a hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss 118 on the cathode side and / or the anode side, in which the hydrogen inlet main channel 113 and the hydrogen outlet main channel 114 of at least one side are located on the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss 118, and the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss 118 is internally provided with a hydrogen inlet and outlet channel 1181 for connecting with the reaction zone 1100, and the sealing zone 1101 surrounds the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss 118, and is provided with a second notch 1104 avoiding the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel 1181 in the extension direction of the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel 1181.

[0039] In the present embodiment, a setting scheme of a boss structure is exemplarily proposed, specifically, the membrane electrode is provided with an air inlet and outlet channel boss 117 on the cathode side, and the air inlet main channel 111 and the air outlet main channel 112 are located on the air inlet and outlet channel boss 117 on the cathode side, and the membrane electrode is provided with a hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss 118 on the anode side, and the hydrogen inlet main channel 113 and the hydrogen outlet main channel 114 are located on the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss 118 on the anode side, which improves the single cell sealing structure, and the boss structure of the membrane electrode itself, i.e. the air inlet and outlet channel boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss 118, is used as a self-sealing structure to seal the air inlet and outlet channel 1171 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel 1181, and the sealing zone 1101 is circumferentially arranged to avoid the channel extension direction, so that the air inlet and outlet channel 1171 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel 1181 are not affected by the sealing zone 1101, thereby eliminating the adverse effects of water accumulation and ice formation leading to poor sealing, and further, at least one inlet and one outlet of the gas flow channel are arranged on the boss, which is conducive to avoiding the occurrence of a blind area during purging of the single cell, leading to insufficient purging.

[0040] It can be seen that in the membrane electrode of the above embodiment, the sealing area 1101 is provided with a first notch 1103 avoiding the air inlet and outlet duct 1171 in the extension direction of the air inlet and outlet duct 1171, and a second notch 1104 avoiding the hydrogen inlet and outlet duct 1181 in the extension direction of the hydrogen inlet and outlet duct 1181, that is, the sealing area 1101 avoids the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 in the extension direction of the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118; since the sealing area 1101 surrounds the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118, and forms an avoidance in the direction in which the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 connect the reaction area 1100, on the one hand, when the membrane electrode is attached and connected on both sides of the polar plate, the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 of the membrane electrode can serve as a sealing structure by themselves, if a sealing element 200 is arranged in the sealing area 1101, the sealing element 200 and the internal flow channel of the single cell will not overlap and intersect, and will not be affected by the state of the liquid in the single cell when cooperating with the sealing, so that the membrane electrode structure shown in the embodiment can eliminate the negative effect of liquid solidification on sealing, effectively ensure the sealing effect and sealing reliability, on the other hand, the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 are arranged in the boss structure of the air inlet and outlet passage of air and hydrogen, which is beneficial to reduce the blind area of the single cell in the internal flow channel purging process, and avoid insufficient purging.

[0041] In the embodiment, the sealing area 1101 includes a cathode sealing area on the cathode side and an anode sealing area on the anode side, the coverage areas of the cathode sealing area and the anode sealing area on the membrane electrode at least partially overlap, and the membrane electrode is provided with a first glue injection hole 11011 in the overlapping area of the cathode sealing area and the anode sealing area, for integrally injecting glue to form a seal for the cathode sealing area and the anode sealing area.

[0042] It can be understood that the first glue injection hole 11011 can be a plurality of openings arranged along the overlapping area of the cathode sealing area and the anode sealing area, through which the cathode side and the anode side can be integrally injected with glue to form a sealing element 200 integrally distributed on the cathode side and the anode side, which is beneficial to improve the structural stability of the sealing element 200 and reduce deformation, and the sealing method of integrally injecting glue can further improve the sealing quality compared with the existing adhesive sealing, and reduce the risk of sealing failure caused by poor adhesion.

[0043] In the present embodiment, the frame 110 is provided with a cooling water inlet main channel 115 and a cooling water outlet main channel 116 for forming a cooling water flow channel, and the sealing area 1101 surrounds the cooling water inlet main channel 115 and the cooling water outlet main channel 116. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the sealing area 1101 surrounds an area extending outward in the circumferential direction of the cooling water inlet main channel 115 and the cooling water outlet main channel 116 with a spacing therefrom, and the area has a larger area than the opening area of the cooling water inlet main channel 115 and the cooling water outlet main channel 116. That is, if the sealing member 200 is filled in the sealing area 1101, the sealing member 200 forms a ring wall structure outside the cooling water inlet main channel 115 and the cooling water outlet main channel 116 in the circumferential direction. This structure has the advantage that, in some embodiments, the anode plate 400 and the cathode plate 300 can be provided with a boss structure corresponding to the area at the positions corresponding to the cooling water inlet main channel 115 and the cooling water outlet main channel 116, and the boss structure can be inserted into the ring wall structure to form a fit, which is beneficial to avoid deformation of the sealing member 200 and improve the sealing effect.

[0044] In the present embodiment, the air inlet main channel 111 and the air outlet main channel 112, which are not provided on the air inlet and outlet channel boss 117, are surrounded by the sealing area 1101, and the hydrogen inlet main channel 113 and the hydrogen outlet main channel 114, which are not provided on the hydrogen inlet and outlet channel boss 118, are surrounded by the sealing area 1101. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the hydrogen inlet main channel 113 and the hydrogen outlet main channel 114 surrounded by the sealing area 1101 have a spacing between the circumferential sealing area 1101, so that the protrusions matched with the sealing area 1101 on the two side plates can be provided, further preventing the liquid solidification from affecting the sealing.

[0045] In some embodiments, the frame 110 is provided with a bonding area 1102 on the cathode side or the anode side. In some embodiments, the bonding area 1102 can be an independent area. In the present embodiment, the frame 110 is provided with a bonding area 1102 on both the cathode side and the anode side. The bonding area 1102 is in communication with the sealing area 1101, and the bonding area 1102 can be regarded as an extension of the sealing area 1101. Therefore, during the process of integrally injecting glue to obtain the sealing member 200 for the sealing area 1101, the bonding area 1102 is also injected with glue to form an auxiliary bonding injection structure.

[0046] In the present embodiment, the bonding area 1102 is provided on both the cathode side and the anode side, and the bonding areas 1102 on the cathode side and the anode side have an overlapping area on the membrane electrode. The membrane electrode is provided with a second glue injection hole 11021 on the overlapping area of the two bonding areas 1102, which is beneficial to improve the glue injection efficiency, improve the integrity of the glue material on both sides of the bonding area 1102 after glue injection, and further improve the quality of glue injection and bonding.

[0047] In another embodiment, the application also exemplarily provides a single cell, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 The single cell includes the membrane electrode shown in the above embodiments, a sealing member 200, a cathode plate 300 connected with the cathode side of the membrane electrode, and an anode plate 400 connected with the anode side of the membrane electrode. The sealing member 200 is arranged in the sealing area 1101, and the sealing member 200 includes a first sealing part on the cathode side and a second sealing part on the anode side. The cathode plate 300 is attached to the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the first sealing part, and the anode plate 400 is attached to the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 and the second sealing part. In this embodiment, the cathode plate 300 and the anode plate 400 clamp the frame 110 of the membrane electrode, and the sealing member 200 is arranged between the frame 110 and the cathode plate 300 and between the frame 110 and the anode plate 400. Specifically, the sealing member 200 is integrally formed by injection molding through the first injection hole 11011 between the cathode plate 300 and the frame 110 and between the anode plate 400 and the frame 110.

[0048] In this embodiment, the cathode plate 300 is provided with a first groove on the side attached to the membrane electrode for accommodating the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the first sealing part. The cathode plate 300 is provided with a cathode plate 300 flow channel area and a cathode expansion flow channel. The cathode plate 300 flow channel area is used to enclose the cathode reaction cavity with the reaction area 1100, and the cathode expansion flow channel is connected to the cathode reaction cavity at one end and communicated to the side wall of the first groove at the other end, so as to be connected to the air inlet and outlet passage 1171 when the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 is accommodated in the first groove.

[0049] The anode plate 400 is provided with a second groove on the side attached to the membrane electrode for accommodating the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 and the second sealing part. The anode plate 400 is provided with an anode plate 400 flow channel area and an anode expansion flow channel. The anode plate 400 flow channel area is used to enclose the anode reaction cavity with the reaction area 1100, and the anode expansion flow channel is connected to the anode reaction cavity at one end and communicated to the side wall of the second groove at the other end, so as to be connected to the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage 1181 when the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 is accommodated in the second groove.

[0050] In the embodiment, the first sealing part is the same height as the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117, and the second sealing part is the same height as the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118. Since there is no height difference between the first sealing part and the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117, the cathode plate 300 can be attached to the first sealing part and the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 through a flat structure. For example, the bottom surface of the first groove is set as a flat surface, the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the first sealing part are accommodated in the first groove, and the end surfaces of the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the first sealing part are flush and attached to the bottom surface of the first groove. Similarly, since there is no height difference between the second sealing part and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118, the anode plate 400 can be attached to the second sealing part and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 through a flat structure. For example, the bottom surface of the second groove is set as a flat surface, the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 and the second sealing part are accommodated in the second groove, and the end surfaces of the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 and the second sealing part are flush and attached to the bottom surface of the second groove. The above structure is beneficial to reduce the structural complexity of the cathode plate 300 and the anode plate 400, reduce the production difficulty and cost, and better control the size accuracy through flat attachment, which is not easy to produce deviation and is beneficial to reduce sealing defects.

[0051] In the single cell provided in the above embodiment, the sealing area 1101 is provided with a first gap 1103 avoiding the air inlet and outlet passage 1171 in the extension direction of the air inlet and outlet passage 1171, and a second gap 1104 avoiding the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage 1181 in the extension direction of the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage 1181, that is, the sealing area 1101 avoids the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 in the extension direction of the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118, so that the sealing area 1101 surrounds the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 and forms an avoidance in the direction in which the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 connect the reaction area 1100. On the one hand, when the membrane electrode is attached to the both sides of the plate, the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 of the membrane electrode can serve as a sealing structure, and if a sealing member 200 is arranged in the sealing area 1101, the sealing member 200 will not overlap with the internal flow channel of the single cell, so that the sealing member 200 will not be affected by the state of the liquid in the single cell during cooperation sealing. Therefore, the membrane electrode structure shown in the embodiment can eliminate the negative influence of liquid solidification on sealing, effectively ensure the sealing effect and sealing reliability. On the other hand, the air inlet and outlet passage boss 117 and the hydrogen inlet and outlet passage boss 118 are provided as boss structures at the air inlet and outlet passage ports, which is beneficial to reduce the blind area of the single cell during internal flow channel purging, and avoid insufficient purging.

[0052] The above examples only illustrate the principles of the present application and its efficacy or are only preferred embodiments for a full description of the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application, and the equivalent substitutions or changes made by the person skilled in the art on the basis of the present application are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A membrane electrode, characterized in that, include: The frame and reaction assembly are provided. The frame has a reaction zone in the middle and the reaction assembly is located in the reaction zone. The membrane electrode has a cathode side and an anode side on both sides. The frame is provided with an air inlet main channel and an air outlet main channel for forming an air flow channel, and a hydrogen inlet main channel and a hydrogen outlet main channel for forming a hydrogen flow channel. The membrane electrode has a sealing area on the cathode side and the anode side. The membrane electrode is provided with an air inlet / outlet channel protrusion on the cathode side and / or the anode side. On the cathode side and the anode side, at least one air inlet main channel and at least one air outlet main channel are located on the air inlet / outlet channel protrusion. An air inlet / outlet duct for connecting with the reaction zone is opened inside the air inlet / outlet channel protrusion. The sealing zone surrounds the air inlet / outlet channel protrusion and a first notch is provided in the extension direction of the air inlet / outlet duct to avoid the air inlet / outlet duct. The membrane electrode is provided with a hydrogen inlet / outlet channel boss on the cathode side and / or the anode side. On the cathode side and the anode side, at least one hydrogen inlet main channel and at least one hydrogen outlet main channel are located on the hydrogen inlet / outlet channel boss. The hydrogen inlet / outlet channel boss has a hydrogen inlet / outlet duct for connecting with the reaction zone. The sealing zone surrounds the hydrogen inlet / outlet channel boss and has a second notch in the extension direction of the hydrogen inlet / outlet duct to avoid the hydrogen inlet / outlet duct.

2. The membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing area includes a cathode sealing area located on the cathode side and an anode sealing area located on the anode side. The cathode sealing area and the anode sealing area cover areas on the membrane electrode at least partially overlap. The membrane electrode is provided with a first injection hole in the overlapping area of ​​the cathode sealing area and the anode sealing area for integrally injecting adhesive to form a seal between the cathode sealing area and the anode sealing area.

3. The membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is provided with a cooling water inlet main channel and a cooling water outlet main channel for forming a cooling water flow channel, and the sealing area surrounds the cooling water inlet main channel and the cooling water outlet main channel.

4. The membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main inlet channel and the main outlet channel, which are not located on the protrusion of the inlet / outlet channel, are surrounded by the sealing area. The main inlet channel and the main outlet channel, which are not located on the protrusion of the hydrogen inlet / outlet channel, are also surrounded by the sealing area.

5. The membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame also has an adhesive area on the cathode side and / or the anode side.

6. The membrane electrode according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bonding area is connected to the sealing area.

7. The membrane electrode according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: When the bonding area is simultaneously provided on the cathode side and the anode side, the coverage areas of the bonding areas on the cathode side and the anode side on the membrane electrode at least partially overlap, and the membrane electrode is provided with a second injection hole in the overlapping area of ​​the bonding areas on both sides.

8. A single battery, characterized in that, include: The membrane electrode, the sealing member, the cathode plate connected to the cathode side of the membrane electrode, and the anode plate connected to the anode side of the membrane electrode as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein the sealing member is disposed within the sealing area, the sealing member includes a first sealing portion located on the cathode side and a second sealing portion located on the anode side, the cathode plate is attached to the empty inlet / outlet channel boss and the first sealing portion, and the anode plate is attached to the hydrogen inlet / outlet channel boss and the second sealing portion.

9. The single battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cathode plate has a first groove on the side that is in contact with the membrane electrode for accommodating the empty inlet / outlet channel protrusion and the first sealing part. The cathode plate has a cathode plate flow channel area and a cathode extension flow channel. The cathode plate flow channel area is used to form a cathode reaction cavity with the reaction zone. One end of the cathode extension flow channel is connected to the cathode reaction cavity, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the first groove, so that when the empty inlet / outlet channel protrusion is accommodated in the first groove, it is connected to the empty inlet / outlet duct. On the side of the anode plate that is in contact with the membrane electrode, there is a second groove for accommodating the hydrogen inlet / outlet channel boss and the second sealing part. The anode plate is provided with an anode plate flow channel area and an anode extension flow channel. The anode plate flow channel area is used to form an anode reaction chamber with the reaction zone. One end of the anode extension flow channel is connected to the anode reaction chamber, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the second groove, so as to connect with the hydrogen inlet / outlet channel when the hydrogen inlet / outlet channel boss is accommodated in the second groove.

10. The single battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first sealing part is at the same height as the boss of the air inlet / outlet channel, and the second sealing part is at the same height as the boss of the hydrogen inlet / outlet channel.

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