A shaping device and method for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shaping device and method for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining, comprising a frame (1), a workbench (2) fixed on the side of the frame, a set of spring limit columns (3) fixed under the workbench, upper guide rails (41) and lower guide rails (42) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the workbench perpendicular to the workbench, a moving pressure plate (5) with both ends respectively arranged on the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail, a set of surface pressure piston cylinders (6) evenly hinged on the moving pressure plate, a set of point pressure plunger cylinders (7) fixed on the moving pressure plate, and a pressure head (8) threadedly connected to the point pressure plunger cylinder and pointing to the workbench. The surface pressure piston cylinders and the point pressure plunger cylinders are arranged on the side of the moving pressure plate away from the workbench. The present invention first performs surface shaping and pressing, and then performs local multi-point shaping by point pressing, with high shaping accuracy; when the point pressure plunger cylinders work, their strokes do not interfere with each other and are not restricted, which can better compensate for the uneven thickness of the anode plate, and the fast forward and fast retreat of the pressure plate improve the shaping efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting, and particularly relates to a shaping device and method for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining. Background Art

[0002] The purpose of copper electrolytic refining is to further purify the anode copper produced by pyrometallurgical refining to obtain high-purity cathode copper and recover valuable metals. The process is to cast the copper refined by pyrometallurgy into anode plates, use pure copper thin sheets as cathode sheets (or stainless steel, etc. as cathodes), and alternately place them in an electrolytic cell. An aqueous solution of copper sulfate and sulfuric acid is used as the electrolyte, and a DC power supply is connected. Under the action of direct current, copper and base metals with a more negative potential on the anode are electrochemically dissolved into the electrolyte, while precious metals are insoluble and become anode slime, which sinks to the bottom of the electrolytic cell or adheres to the anode. On the cathode, copper ions gain electrons and crystallize out to obtain the product cathode copper. The anode slime containing precious metals and rare metals such as selenium and tellurium needs to be processed separately as a by-product of copper electrolysis in order to recover elements such as gold, silver, selenium, and tellurium from it.

[0003] The following problems exist in the process of casting and forming anode copper: (1) In the casting of anode plates, open molds are used for casting, and the molds are placed on a rotating disk casting machine. When the molten copper forms in the mold, flashing will be caused due to the shaking of the mold and the cooling shrinkage of the molten copper; (2) During the process of pouring the molten copper into the mold, air will be entrained into the casting liquid, and bulging bubbles will appear after condensation; (3) During the casting process of the molten copper, due to too low temperature of the molten copper, too fast condensation speed or poor fluidity, the thickness of the anode copper plate will be uneven; (4) The condensation shrinkage of the molten copper during casting and the demolding action of the top plate will cause excessive stress or the top plate to be stressed, resulting in the bending deformation of the anode plate surface; (5) After the anode copper is cast, it will be deformed due to collision and extrusion during hoisting, transportation and stacking in storage. In the subsequent electrolytic refining process, the anode plate will affect the electrolytic electrode spacing due to flashing, bubbling, uneven thickness, deformation, etc., which will cause electrolytic short circuits, electrolytic failures, increased power consumption and affect the electrolytic quality. Therefore, before electrolytic refining, production enterprises must shape the anode plate to improve the external quality and ensure qualified anode copper.

[0004] The patent "An anode plate leveling machine" with the publication number CN212598047U is a vertical surface pressing type shaping machine that presses and shapes the anode copper plate surface once. This method has high energy consumption and it is very difficult to shape the local deformation amount; the patent "A hydraulic copper anode plate shaping device" with the publication number CN205165416U uses a square pressing head. This shaping does not cover the entire plate surface and is carried out with the synchronous movement of the cylinders, and it cannot solve problems such as burrs on the anode copper plate surface, bulges on the plate surface, and uneven thickness. The shaping effect is poor; the patent "An anode plate flattening device" with the publication number CN211227373U is a pressing roller flattening mechanism that drags the anode plate upward along the flattening plate with a wire winding wheel. During this process, the pressing roller presses on the anode plate to achieve the shaping effect. This method cannot shape the local deformation amount, and the running direction is obliquely upward, resulting in high failure rate and poor shaping effect; the patent "A stainless steel cathode plate leveling device" with the publication number CN217173896U uses a standard flat plate as a support table, and the hydraulic cylinder moves vertically to hammer and shape the cathode plate on the support table. However, this shaping is a point-knocking pressing type, and it is necessary to manually operate the swing arm to align the deformed position of the plate surface and knock and shape each deformed point, with low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a shaping device and method for a copper electrolytic refining anode plate that can simultaneously shape the entire surface and local parts of the anode plate, with high shaping accuracy and high shaping efficiency, so as to improve the electrolysis efficiency of the anode plate and the product quality of electrolytic purification.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A shaping device for a copper electrolytic refining anode plate includes a frame, a workbench fixed on the side of the frame, a group of spring limit columns fixed under the workbench, upper and lower guide rails symmetrically arranged perpendicular to the workbench on both sides of the workbench, a moving pressing plate with both ends respectively arranged on the upper and lower guide rails, a group of surface pressing piston cylinders evenly hinged on the moving pressing plate, a group of point pressing plunger cylinders fixed on the moving pressing plate, and a pressing head. The pressing head is fixedly connected to the output end of the point pressing plunger cylinder by thread connection and extends towards the workbench direction; the surface pressing piston cylinders and the point pressing plunger cylinders are arranged on the side of the moving pressing plate away from the workbench, and the other ends of the upper guide rail, the lower guide rail, and the surface pressing piston cylinders are all fixed on the frame;

[0008] The spring limit column includes an open box body, a spring arranged in the box body, a limit column, and a gas vent hole arranged on the bottom surface of the box body. The open end of the box body is connected to one end of the limit column through a flange, and the other end of the limit column extends outwards;

[0009] Further, the pressing head is a curved surface pressing head or a flat surface pressing head.

[0010] Further, the set of surface pressing piston cylinders is four and evenly distributed at the four corners of the moving platen.

[0011] Further, the set of point pressing plunger cylinders is nine and evenly distributed on the upper surface of the moving platen.

[0012] A shaping method for a shaping device using an anode plate for copper electrolytic refining includes the following steps:

[0013] (1) Press the surface of the anode plate tightly against the workbench, and place the bottom end of the anode plate on a set of spring limit posts for positioning;

[0014] (2) The surface pressing piston cylinders act together, and the moving platen moves forward quickly to press the anode plate, compacting, pressurizing, and locking;

[0015] (3) The point pressing plunger cylinders act, and the pressure head impacts and presses the anode plate, and the pressure head continuously applies pressure at a high frequency;

[0016] (4) After the pressure head finishes impacting and applying pressure, the moving platen quickly retracts to the initial position, and the conveying device sends the anode plate out of the workbench.

[0017] Further, in step (2), the pressure applied by the surface pressing piston cylinder to the anode plate is (3 - 6)×10 6 N.

[0018] Further, in step (3), the impact pressure of a single pressure head on the anode plate is (1.5 - 4)×10 5 N, the impact frequency is 10 - 30 times per minute, the continuous pressure application time is 10 - 30 seconds, and the impact flattens the bubbles and eliminates the deformation of the plate surface.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention first performs surface shaping to compact, pressurize, remove burrs, flatten bubbles, and lock and maintain pressure to eliminate large - surface deformations such as hanging ears on the plate surface; then uses point pressing for local multi - point shaping, with high shaping accuracy;

[0021] (2) The present invention uses a pressure head instead of a hydraulic cylinder to bear the force, and the pressure head continuously applies pressure at a high frequency, so that the stress of hanging ears and large - surface deformation on the anode plate surface is further released, reducing the springback of the plate surface deformation, ensuring the shaping accuracy requirements of the plate surface, and being convenient to replace when the pressure head wears;

[0022] (3) The present invention uses point pressing plunger cylinders, with a floating stroke when not working; the strokes do not interfere with each other and are not restricted during work, and can better compensate for the uneven thickness of the anode plate; the hydraulic cylinders work independently, are convenient for maintenance and replacement, and the equipment has high reliability;

[0023] (4) Four piston cylinders are adopted, and the force on the pressing plate for shaping is balanced and uniform. When the pressing plate moves forward and backward quickly, two symmetrical groups of oil inlets and outlets are used, and the other two groups are floating, which improves the speed of the pressing plate moving forward and backward quickly and improves the shaping work efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is the front view of the shaping device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 partial sectional view taken along A-A of;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the anode plate of the present invention positioned on the workbench;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spring limit post of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the specific embodiments in the drawings. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0029] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a shaping device for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining includes a frame 1, a workbench 2 fixed on the side of the frame, a set of spring limit posts 3 fixed under the workbench, upper guide rails 41 and lower guide rails 42 symmetrically arranged perpendicular to the workbench on both sides of the workbench, a moving pressing plate 5 with both ends respectively arranged on the upper and lower guide rails. The moving pressing plate is made of cast steel, the pressing plate surface is flat, a set of surface pressing piston cylinders 6 evenly hinged on the moving pressing plate. A set of surface pressing piston cylinders can be 4 and are evenly distributed at the four corners of the moving pressing plate, a set of point pressing plunger cylinders 7 fixed on the moving pressing plate. A set of point pressing plunger cylinders is 9 and is evenly distributed on the upper surface of the moving pressing plate, a pressing head 8 threadedly connected to the point pressing plunger cylinder and pointing to the workbench. The pressing head is a curved surface pressing head or a flat surface pressing head. The surface pressing piston cylinders and the point pressing plunger cylinders are arranged on the side of the moving pressing plate away from the workbench. The linear slider guide rail and the other end of the surface pressing piston cylinder are both fixed on the frame;

[0030] As Figure 4 shown, the spring limit post includes an open box body 33, a spring 31 arranged in the box body, a limit post 32, and an air vent hole 35 arranged on the bottom surface of the box body. The open end of the box body is connected to one end of the limit post through a flange 34, and the other end of the limit post extends outwards;

[0031] A shaping method for a shaping device using a copper electrolytic refining anode plate, comprising the following steps:

[0032] (1) Press the plate surface of the anode plate 9 tightly against the workbench, and place the bottom end of the anode plate on a set of spring limit posts for positioning;

[0033] (2) The surface pressure piston cylinder acts together. The pressure applied by the surface pressure piston cylinder to the anode plate is (3 - 6)×10 6 N, compact, pressurize, and lock;

[0034] (3) The point pressure plunger cylinder acts. The pressure head impacts and pressurizes the anode plate. The pressure head continuously applies pressure at a high frequency. The impact pressure of a single pressure head on the anode plate is (1.5 - 4)×10 5 N, the impact frequency is 10 - 30 times per minute, and the continuous pressure application time is 10 - 30 seconds, to impact and flatten the bubbles and eliminate the deformation of the plate surface;

[0035] (4) After the pressure head finishes impacting and applying pressure, the moving pressing plate quickly retracts to the initial position, and the conveying device sends the anode plate out of the workbench.

[0036] The present invention can install the shaping device horizontally and shape it vertically; it can also install the shaping device vertically and shape it horizontally, but spring limit posts are not required when shaping horizontally.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaping device for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining, characterized in that, it includes a frame (1), a workbench (2) fixed on the side of the frame, a set of spring limit posts (3) fixed at the lower part of the workbench, upper guide rails (41) and lower guide rails (42) symmetrically arranged perpendicular to the workbench on both sides of the workbench, a moving pressing plate (5) with both ends respectively arranged on the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail, a set of surface pressing piston cylinders (6) evenly hinged on the moving pressing plate, a set of point pressing plunger cylinders (7) fixed on the moving pressing plate, and a pressing head (8). The pressing head (8) is fixedly connected to the output end of the point pressing plunger cylinder (7) by thread connection and extends towards the direction of the workbench (2); the surface pressing piston cylinders and the point pressing plunger cylinders are arranged on the side of the moving pressing plate away from the workbench, and the other ends of the upper guide rail (41), the lower guide rail (42) and the surface pressing piston cylinder (6) are all fixed on the frame; The spring limit post includes an open box body (33), a spring (31), a limit post (32) arranged in the box body, and an air vent hole (35) arranged at the bottom surface of the box body. The open end of the box body is connected to one end of the limit post through a flange (34), and the other end of the limit post extends outwards.

2. A shaping device for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pressing head is a curved surface pressing head or a flat pressing head.

3. A shaping device for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the set of surface pressing piston cylinders is 4 and evenly distributed at the four corners of the moving pressing plate.

4. A shaping device for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the set of point pressing plunger cylinders is 9 and evenly distributed on the upper surface of the moving pressing plate.

5. A shaping method using the shaping device for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining according to any one of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: (1) Press the surface of the anode plate tightly against the workbench, and place the bottom end of the anode plate on a set of spring limit posts for positioning; (2) The surface pressing piston cylinders act together, and the moving pressing plate fast-forwards to press the anode plate, compressing, pressurizing, and locking; (3) The point pressing plunger cylinders act, and the pressing head impacts and pressurizes the anode plate, and the pressing head continuously applies pressure at a high frequency; (4) After the pressing head finishes impacting and applying pressure, the moving pressing plate quickly retracts to the initial position, and the conveying device sends the anode plate out of the workbench.

6. A shaping method for a shaping device for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (2), the pressure applied by the surface pressing piston cylinder to the anode plate is (3 - 6) × 10 6 N.

7. A shaping method for a shaping device for an anode plate in copper electrolytic refining according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (3), the impact pressure of a single indenter on the anode plate is (1.5 - 4)×10 5 N, the impact frequency is 10 - 30 times per minute, the continuous pressure application time is 10 - 30 seconds, and the impact flattens the bubbles and eliminates the deformation of the plate surface.

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