A pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment and a forming method thereof

Abstract

A pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment and a forming method thereof belong to the technical field of underwater detectors. The present invention solves the problems of existing underwater detection equipment, such as heavy weight, poor stability in water, and poor sound transmission. The cover body includes a straight tube section and an arc section integrally buckled at one end of the straight tube section. The arc section is a hemispherical or ellipsoidal streamlined structure. A number of dorsal fins are evenly distributed on the upper outer surface of the cover body along the circumference. The balance ring is coaxially arranged with the cover body and fixedly connected to the dorsal fins. The cover body, the balance ring and the dorsal fins are all made of composite materials. Under the same size conditions, the overall weight of the composite material spherical cover is 1 / 4 of the metal material spherical cover, which effectively reduces the weight of the spherical cover. By adopting composite materials combined with hemispherical or ellipsoidal streamlined structure design, its external pressure-bearing function is guaranteed and its sound transmission performance is effectively improved. The dorsal fin and the balance ring play the role of balancing the ocean current in the water, so that the entire detector remains stable in the water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a pressure-resistant cover of deep-sea detection equipment and a forming method thereof, belonging to the technical field of underwater detectors. Background Art

[0002] Underwater detection equipment is mainly used to detect, locate and track underwater targets, conduct underwater communications and navigation, and is used for ocean mapping, current velocity measurement, fishery detection, etc.

[0003] In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and the rapid development of marine equipment, the performance requirements for deep-sea detection equipment have become increasingly higher, requiring characteristics such as lightweight, resistance to deep-water pressure, long-term resistance to seawater corrosion, and sound permeability. Underwater detection equipment is divided into manned underwater detectors and unmanned underwater detectors. Unmanned underwater detectors are further divided into autonomous underwater navigation detectors, cable-mounted fixed-point detectors, and unmanned submersibles. For deep-sea detection equipment, while ensuring that it can withstand external pressure, the lighter the external pressure-resistant shell, the more payload the detector can carry. Previous cylindrical underwater detection equipment (such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure: 100, cylindrical shell; 101, instrument equipment; 102, upper cover; 103, lower cover; 104, cable) The detachable sealing covers at both ends (i.e., upper cover 102 and lower cover 103) are made of metal materials, which greatly increases the weight of the detector; in addition, the long-term corrosion resistance of metal materials is worrying. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention is to solve the above technical problems and further provides a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment and a molding method thereof.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0006] A method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Calculate the thickness of the pressure hood using finite element simulation software based on the external pressure requirements of the pressure hood to ensure that the pressure hood will not be damaged or unstable under an external pressure not exceeding 10 MPa.

[0008] Step 2: Apply a release agent on the dorsal fin mold, lay glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg, preform a dorsal fin with a thickness of 2mm-5mm, [0° / ±45° / 90°]s, cure at 90℃ / 2h-120℃4h, demould and set aside;

[0009] Step 3, apply a release agent on the lower mold of the cover body mold, and use glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg to lay and form. The thickness of each layer is 0.15mm~0.5mm, and the layers are laid in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90° to a thickness of 3.5mm~12mm; then apply a release agent on the upper mold of the cover body mold, and lay the layers in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90°. Reserve fin openings during the laying process, and install the dorsal fin before laying to a thickness of 1.5mm~3mm. After installing the dorsal fin, continue laying the layers until the thickness of the layers on the upper mold of the cover body mold is 1.5mm~3mm; use guide pins to guide the upper and lower molds of the cover body mold through the upper press, cure at 90℃ / 2h-120℃ / 4h-170℃ / 4h, and then naturally cool and demould;

[0010] Step 4: Apply a release agent to the connection clip mold, lay out and form the connection clip using glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg, with each layer thickness ranging from 0.15mm to 0.3mm, and form the connection clip at [0° / ±45° / 90°]s. Curing in an oven at 90°C / 2h-120°C / 4h-170°C / 4h, demould after taking it out of the oven, polish the inner groove of the connection clip to remove the glossy surface, and set aside.

[0011] Step 5: Apply a release agent to the cylindrical mold and wind the balancing ring in a 90° / ±90° order, where ±90 is glass fiber cloth. Then put it into the furnace for curing at 90°C / 2h-120°C / 4h-170°C / 4h. After taking it out of the furnace, machine the shape and demould it.

[0012] Step 6: Connect the balance ring to several dorsal fins through several connecting clips, polish the entire outer surface of the pressure-resistant cover, and spray a layer of polyurea waterproof paint.

[0013] Furthermore, for pressure-resistant covers that require cables, when laying the lower mold of the cover body mold in step three, first apply a release agent on the lower mold of the cover body mold, and then put a titanium alloy ring piece on the top, and use glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg to lay and form between the lower mold and the ring piece. The thickness of each layer is 0.15mm~0.5mm, and the layers are laid in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90° to a thickness of 3.5mm~12mm.

[0014] A pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment manufactured by the above-mentioned molding method includes a cover body, a balance ring and several dorsal fins, wherein the cover body includes a straight tube section and a curved surface section integrally buckled at one end of the straight tube section, the curved surface section is a hemispherical or ellipsoidal streamlined structure, and several dorsal fins are evenly distributed on the upper outer surface of the cover body along the circumferential direction, the balance ring is coaxially arranged with the cover body and fixedly connected to the several dorsal fins, the cover body, the balance ring and the several dorsal fins are all made of composite materials, and the balance ring is fixedly connected to each dorsal fin by a connecting clip.

[0015] Furthermore, the connecting clip is a U-shaped trough structure, which is clamped between the balance ring and the dorsal fin, and the balance ring and the connecting clip, as well as the dorsal fin and the connecting clip, are all glued.

[0016] Furthermore, a cable outlet is provided at the top of the arc surface segment, a ring piece made of titanium alloy is embedded in the top of the arc surface segment, and the cable outlet is opened on the ring piece.

[0017] Furthermore, the cross-sectional structure of the balance ring is rectangular or arc-shaped.

[0018] Furthermore, the cover body, the balance ring and the plurality of dorsal fins are all made of glass fiber composite material or carbon fiber composite material.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer surface of the spherical cover is sprayed with a polyurea waterproof paint layer.

[0020] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the arc surface segment is 300 mm to 800 mm, and the wall thickness is 5 mm to 15 mm; the inner diameter of the balance ring is 300 mm to 800 mm, and the thickness is 2 mm to 5 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, the thickness of the dorsal fin is 2mm to 5mm, and the wall thickness of the connecting clip is 3mm to 5mm.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

[0023] The pressure-resistant cover formed by the molding method described in the present invention has an overall weight of a composite material spherical cover that is 1 / 4 of a metal spherical cover under the same size conditions, effectively reducing the weight of the spherical cover and effectively improving the sound transmission performance and corrosion resistance. By using a composite material combined with a hemispherical or ellipsoidal streamlined structure design, its external pressure-bearing function is guaranteed and its sound transmission performance is effectively improved.

[0024] The dorsal fin and gimbal balance the currents in the water, keeping the detector stable. The housing and dorsal fin are molded from fiber prepreg, increasing joint strength and reducing the number of holes in the housing. This reduces the number of metal screws connecting the housing and dorsal fin, minimizing the impact of these holes and screws on acoustic transparency. The gimbal connection to the dorsal fin facilitates disassembly and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a main cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cover body with the dorsal fin fixed thereon;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting clip;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the balance ring;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a cylindrical underwater detector in the prior art;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the forming mold;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-section of the forming mold.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1. Cover body; 1-1. Straight section; 1-2. Arc section; 2. Gimbal; 3. Dorsal fin; 4. Connecting clamp; 5. Connecting piece; 6. Cable outlet; 7. Ring piece;

[0035] 10. Locating pin; 11. Upper die body; 11-1. First cylindrical section; 11-2. First arc surface section; 11-3. Fin hole; 11-21. Second through hole; 12. Upper die fixed outer edge; 12-1. Locating hole; 12-2. Ejection hole; 13. Lower die body; 13-1. Second cylindrical section; 13-2. Second arc surface section; 13-3. Boss; 13-21. First through hole; 14. Lower die fixed outer edge; 14-1. Blind hole; 15. Annular limiting ridge; 16. Annular limiting shoulder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment is explained, and the technical solutions in the embodiment of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the descriptions of the present invention regarding directions such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "left side", "right side", "upper", "lower", "top", and "bottom" are all defined based on the relationship between the orientations or positions shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the structure must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediary, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] A method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Calculate the thickness of the pressure hood using finite element simulation software based on the external pressure requirements of the pressure hood to ensure that the pressure hood will not be damaged or unstable under an external pressure not exceeding 10 MPa.

[0041] Step 2: Apply release agent on the dorsal fin mold, lay glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg, prefabricate a dorsal fin with a thickness of 2mm-5mm, [0° / ±45° / 90°]s, cure at 90℃ / 2h-120℃4h (cure at 90 degrees for two hours, then heat to 120 degrees and cure for another four hours), demold and set aside; [0° / ±45° / 90°]s means 0° / ±45° / 90° symmetrical ply, and the ply is symmetrical with the mid-plane of the thickness, for example, 0° / ±45° / 90° / ±45° / 0° is symmetrical at 90°.

[0042] Step 3: Apply a release agent to the lower mold of the cover body mold, and use glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg to lay out the mold. The thickness of each layer is 0.15mm~0.5mm, and the layers are laid in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90° to a thickness of 3.5mm~12mm; then apply a release agent to the upper mold of the cover body mold, and lay the layers in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90°. Reserve fin openings during the laying process, and install the dorsal fin before laying to a thickness of 1.5mm~3mm. After installing the dorsal fin, continue laying to the cover body mold The thickness of the layer on the upper mold is 1.5mm~3mm; use the guide pin to guide the upper mold and the lower mold of the cover body mold through the upper press, and cure at 90℃ / 2h-120℃ / 4h-170℃ / 4h (curing at 90 degrees for two hours, then heating to 120 degrees for another four hours, and finally heating to 170 degrees for another four hours), then cool down naturally and demould; when installing the dorsal fin, first grind both sides of the dorsal fin connecting wing prefabricated in step 2, scrape the epoxy adhesive, and then install it to the corresponding fin mouth of the upper mold.

[0043] Step 4: Apply a release agent to the connection clip mold, lay out and form the connection clip using glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg, with each layer thickness ranging from 0.15mm to 0.3mm, and form the connection clip at [0° / ±45° / 90°]s. Put the connection clip into the furnace for curing at 90°C / 2h-120°C / 4h-170°C / 4h (curing at 90 degrees for two hours, then heating to 120 degrees for another four hours, and finally heating to 170 degrees for another four hours). After removing the clip from the furnace, demould it, polish the inner groove of the connection clip to remove the glossy surface, and set it aside.

[0044] Step 5: Apply a release agent to the cylindrical mold and wind the balancing ring into shape. The ply laying sequence is 90° / ±90 (i.e., sequential ply laying, i.e., 90° / ±90 / 90° / ±90 / 90° / ±90). ±90 is glass fiber cloth. Then put the mold into the furnace for curing at 90°C / 2h-120°C / 4h-170°C / 4h (curing at 90°C for two hours, then heating to 120°C for another four hours, and finally heating to 170°C for another four hours). After taking it out of the furnace, machine the shape and demould it.

[0045] Step 6: Connect the balance ring to several dorsal fins through several connecting clips, polish the entire outer surface of the pressure-resistant cover, and spray a layer of polyurea waterproof paint.

[0046] For pressure-resistant covers that require cables, when laying the lower mold of the cover body mold in step three, first apply a release agent on the lower mold of the cover body mold, then put a titanium alloy ring piece on the top, and use glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg to lay and form between the lower mold and the ring piece. The thickness of each layer is 0.15mm~0.5mm, and the layers are laid in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90° to a thickness of 3.5mm~12mm.

[0047] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 6 To describe this embodiment, a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment is manufactured by the molding method described in the above-mentioned specific embodiment 1, comprising a cover body 1, a balance ring 2 and a plurality of dorsal fins 3, wherein the cover body 1 comprises a straight tube section 1-1 and an arc surface section 1-2 integrally fastened to one end of the straight tube section 1-1, the arc surface section 1-2 is a hemispherical or ellipsoidal streamlined structure, and the plurality of dorsal fins 3 are evenly distributed on the upper outer surface of the cover body 1 along the circumferential direction, the balance ring 2 is coaxially arranged with the cover body 1 and fixedly connected to the plurality of dorsal fins 3, and the materials of the cover body 1, the balance ring 2 and the plurality of dorsal fins 3 are all composite materials.

[0048] The hemispherical or ellipsoidal streamlined structure can effectively reduce water flow resistance.

[0049] A connecting screw hole can also be designed at the lower part of the straight tube section 1-1 so that it can be connected to the tube section of the detection equipment.

[0050] The dorsal fin 3 and the balance ring 2 balance the ocean currents in the water, thus keeping the entire detector stable in the water.

[0051] The number of the dorsal fins 3 is at least three.

[0052] The acoustic impedance of metal and carbon fiber composite materials differs by an order of magnitude. Carbon fiber composite materials are more suitable for detectors that require sound transparency at both ends.

[0053] Under the same size conditions, the overall weight of the composite material spherical cover is 1 / 4 of the metal spherical cover, which effectively reduces the weight of the spherical cover. By using composite materials combined with hemispherical or ellipsoidal streamlined structure design, its external pressure-bearing function is guaranteed and its sound transmission performance is effectively improved.

[0054] The dorsal fin 3 is a three-dimensional structure with connecting wings. The number of dorsal fins 3 is preferably four.

[0055] The spherical cover of the present invention is resistant to marine grade II environment, and its color can be orange-red or orange-yellow, which has a warning function at sea.

[0056] The top of the cover body 1 can be opened according to the need for cables to achieve the cable lead-out function.

[0057] The cover body 1 and the detector barrel section are sealed in two ways: radial and plane.

[0058] The gimbal 2 and each dorsal fin 3 are fixedly connected via a connecting clip 4. With this design, the lower end of the gimbal 2 is integrally fixed with several connecting pieces 5. Each connecting piece 5 has a vertical U-shaped slot, into which the back of the connecting clip 4 is inserted. The height of the connecting piece 5 is preferably less than that of the connecting clip 4.

[0059] The connecting clip 4 is a U-shaped trough structure, clamped between the gimbal 2 and the dorsal fin 3. Both the gimbal 2 and the connecting clip 4, as well as the dorsal fin 3 and the connecting clip 4, are glued together. This design avoids the use of bolts, reduces machining damage to the dorsal fin 3, the connecting clip 4, and the gimbal 2, and effectively reduces weight.

[0060] The top of the arc segment 1-2 is provided with a cable outlet 6. In this design, the cable outlet 6 is opened at the center of the arc segment 1-2. The cable outlet 6 is a cable outlet, made of titanium alloy, and pre-buried between the composite materials.

[0061] A ring piece 7 made of titanium alloy is embedded in the top of the arc segment 1-2, and the cable outlet 6 is provided on the ring piece 7. With such a design, the ring piece 7 is pre-buried between the composite materials of the cover body 1.

[0062] The cross-section of the balance ring 2 is rectangular or slightly arc-shaped. In this way, the cross-section of the balance ring is rectangular or slightly arc-shaped, which matches the overall mass and plays a stabilizing role.

[0063] The cover body 1 , the balance ring 2 and the plurality of dorsal fins 3 are all made of glass fiber composite material or carbon fiber composite material.

[0064] The outer surface of the spherical cover is sprayed with a polyurea waterproof paint layer. The thickness of the polyurea waterproof paint layer is 0.3mm to 2mm, which has the effect of corrosion resistance and sealing.

[0065] The inner diameter of the arc segment 1-2 is 300mm-800mm, and the wall thickness is 5mm-15mm. The inner diameter of the balance ring 2 is 300mm-800mm, and the thickness is 2mm-5mm. Such a design can withstand an external pressure within 10Mpa.

[0066] The thickness of the dorsal fin 3 is 2 mm to 5 mm, and the wall thickness of the connecting clip 4 is 3 mm to 5 mm.

[0067] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 8 To illustrate this embodiment, a molding die for a pressure-resistant composite material pressure-resistant cover used in the molding method described in the first specific embodiment above comprises an upper mold, a lower mold and a plurality of positioning pins 10, wherein the upper mold comprises an upper mold body 11 and an upper mold fixed outer edge 12 integrally fixed to the bottom end of the upper mold body 11, the upper mold body 11 comprises a first cylindrical segment 11-1 and a first arc surface segment 11-2 integrally fixed to the top end of the first cylindrical segment 11-1, the inner surface of the first arc surface segment 11-2 is a hemispherical surface or an ellipsoidal surface, and the first arc surface segment 11-2 has a plurality of fin holes 11-3 distributed along its circumference.

[0068] The lower mold includes a lower mold body 13 and a lower mold fixed outer edge 14 integrally fixed to the bottom end of the lower mold body 13. The lower mold body 13 includes a second cylindrical segment 13-1 and a second arc segment 13-2 integrally fixed to the top end of the second cylindrical segment 13-1. The outer surface of the second arc segment 13-2 is a hemispherical surface or an ellipsoidal surface. A plurality of positioning pins 10 are evenly fixed to the top surface of the lower mold fixed outer edge 14 along the circumferential direction.

[0069] A plurality of positioning holes 12 - 1 are formed on the upper mold fixed outer edge 12 , and the plurality of positioning holes 12 - 1 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of positioning pins 10 .

[0070] A straight section of a pressure-resistant composite pressure cover is formed by laying glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg on the first cylindrical section 11-1 and the second cylindrical section 13-1 and then forming and closing the mold;

[0071] The arc surface section of the pressure-resistant composite material pressure cover is formed by laying glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg on the first arc surface section 11 - 2 and the second arc surface section 13 - 2 and then forming and closing the mold.

[0072] The dorsal fin in the pressure-resistant composite material pressure cover is limited by opening a fin hole 11-3 on the first arc surface segment 11-2;

[0073] The radial positioning of the upper mold and the lower mold is achieved by opening a positioning hole 12 - 1 on the fixed outer edge 12 of the upper mold and fixing a positioning pin 10 on the fixed outer edge 14 of the lower mold.

[0074] By using the forming mold of the present invention and adopting glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg, a pressure-resistant composite material pressure-resistant cover with lighter weight and better sound transmission effect can be produced.

[0075] The top surface of the second arc segment 13-2 is integrally fixed with a boss 13-3. With this design, the boss 13-3 serves as a positioning and installation platform for the cable lead-out embedded part.

[0076] The bottom end of the upper mold fixed outer edge 12 is integrally fixed with an annular limiting rib 15 along its circumference, and the top end of the lower mold fixed outer edge 14 is processed with an annular limiting shoulder 16 along its circumference. When the upper and lower molds are in the mold closing state, the annular limiting rib 15 and the annular limiting shoulder 16 are in contact. In this design, the upper mold is limited by the annular limiting rib 15 and the annular limiting shoulder 16.

[0077] The upper mold fixed outer edge 12 is also provided with a plurality of ejection holes 12-2 along its circumference, with the central axis of each ejection hole 12-2 arranged vertically. With this design, after the product solidifies, multiple bolts can be screwed into the ejection holes 12-2 evenly to release the product from the upper mold, facilitating demoulding.

[0078] The lower die fixed outer edge 14 is provided with a plurality of blind holes 14-1 along its circumference, and the central axis of each blind hole 14-1 is arranged horizontally. With this design, a lifting ring is screwed into the blind hole 14-1, and the die is hoisted or pulled horizontally on the press.

[0079] The number of the ejection holes 12 - 2 is four.

[0080] The top surface of the second arc segment 13-2 is provided with a first through hole 13-21. With such a design, after the mold is closed, the glue overflow can be exhausted through the first through hole 13-21, thereby reducing the porosity of the product.

[0081] The number of the fin holes 11 - 3 is at least three.

[0082] There are two positioning holes 12 - 1 , which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixed outer edge 12 of the upper mold.

[0083] A second through hole 11-21 is provided on the top of the upper mold body 11. This design is used for observing the cable lead-out embedded parts, glue overflow and auxiliary demoulding.

[0084] The second through hole 11 - 21 is a circular hole.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Calculate the thickness of the pressure hood using finite element simulation software based on the external pressure requirements of the pressure hood to ensure that the pressure hood will not be damaged or unstable under an external pressure not exceeding 10 MPa. Step 2: Apply a release agent to the dorsal fin mold, lay out glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg, preform a dorsal fin with a thickness of 2mm-5mm, lay the layers in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90°, cure at 90 degrees for two hours, then heat to 120 degrees and cure for another four hours, demould and set aside; Step 3, apply a release agent on the lower mold of the cover body mold, and use glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg to lay and form. The thickness of each layer is 0.15mm~0.5mm, and the layers are laid in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90° to a thickness of 3.5mm~12mm; then apply a release agent on the upper mold of the cover body mold, and lay the layers in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90°. Fin openings are reserved during the laying process, and the dorsal fin is installed before the layer thickness is 1.5mm~3mm. After the dorsal fin is installed, the layer thickness on the upper mold of the cover body mold is 1.5mm~3mm; use the guide pin to guide, and use the upper press to close the upper mold and the lower mold of the cover body mold into place, cure at 90 degrees for two hours, then heat to 120 degrees and cure for four hours, and finally heat to 170 degrees and cure for four hours, and then naturally cool and demould. Step 4: Apply a release agent to the connection clamp mold, and use glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg to lay out the mold. The thickness of each layer is 0.15mm~0.3mm. The connection clamp is laid out in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90°. Put it into the furnace and cure it at 90 degrees for two hours, then heat it to 120 degrees and cure it for another four hours, and finally heat it to 170 degrees and cure it for another four hours. After taking it out of the furnace, demould it, polish the inner groove of the connection clamp to remove the glossy surface, and set it aside. Step 5: Apply release agent to the cylindrical mold and wind the balancing ring in a 90° / ±90° order, with ±90 being glass fiber cloth. Then, place the mold in an oven at 90°C for two hours, then heat it up to 120°C for another four hours, and finally heat it up to 170°C for another four hours. After exiting the oven, machine the shape and remove the mold. Step 6: Connect the balance ring to several dorsal fins through several connecting clips, polish the entire outer surface of the pressure-resistant cover, and spray a layer of polyurea waterproof paint.

2. The method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: For pressure-resistant covers with cable requirements, when laying the lower mold of the cover body mold in step three, first apply a release agent on the lower mold of the cover body mold, then put a titanium alloy ring piece on the top, and use glass fiber prepreg or carbon fiber prepreg to lay and form between the lower mold and the ring piece. The thickness of each layer is 0.15mm~0.5mm, and it is laid in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90° to a thickness of 3.5mm~12mm.

3. The method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-resistant cover of deep-sea detection equipment comprises a cover body (1), a balance ring (2) and a plurality of dorsal fins (3), wherein the cover body (1) comprises a straight section (1-1) and a curved section (1-2) integrally buckled at one end of the straight section (1-1), the curved section (1-2) is a hemispherical or ellipsoidal streamlined structure, the plurality of dorsal fins (3) are uniformly distributed on the upper outer surface of the cover body (1) along the circumferential direction, the balance ring (2) is coaxially arranged with the cover body (1) and fixedly connected to the plurality of dorsal fins (3), the cover body (1), the balance ring (2) and the plurality of dorsal fins (3) are all made of composite materials, and the balance ring (2) is fixedly connected to each dorsal fin (3) via a connecting clip (4).

4. The method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting clip (4) is a U-shaped trough structure, which is clamped between the balance ring (2) and the dorsal fin (3), and the balance ring (2) and the connecting clip (4) as well as the dorsal fin (3) and the connecting clip (4) are all glued.

5. The method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A cable outlet (6) is provided at the top of the arc surface segment (1-2), a ring piece (7) made of titanium alloy is embedded in the top of the arc surface segment (1-2), and the cable outlet (6) is opened on the ring piece (7).

6. The method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional structure of the balance ring (2) is rectangular or arc-shaped.

7. The method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cover body (1), the balance ring (2) and the plurality of dorsal fins (3) are all made of glass fiber composite material or carbon fiber composite material.

8. The method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the spherical cover is sprayed with a polyurea waterproof paint layer.

9. The method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the arc surface segment (1-2) is 300 mm to 800 mm, and the wall thickness is 5 mm to 15 mm; the inner diameter of the balance ring (2) is 300 mm to 800 mm, and the thickness is 2 mm to 5 mm.

10. The method for forming a pressure-resistant cover for deep-sea detection equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the dorsal fin (3) is 2 mm to 5 mm, and the wall thickness of the connecting clip (4) is 3 mm to 5 mm.

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