Flexible-reversible shape memory heat storage temperature regulating phase change material and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy materials, specifically a flexible-reversible shape memory heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material and its preparation method and application. The phase change material comprises: polyether polyol, polyester polyol, isocyanate and small molecule polyol; wherein, the molar ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol is 1:(1-1000), and the molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 10000-900000, which can be obtained by grafting polycondensation or prepolymerization. The flexible-reversible shape memory phase change material has a high energy storage density, an adjustable phase transition temperature within 25-65°C, and has high enthalpy value, good flexibility and reversible shape memory, and the preparation method is simple and low cost. It can be widely used in thermal management, temperature regulating textiles and artificial muscle fibers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy materials, and in particular to a flexible-reversible shape memory heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material, a preparation method thereof, and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Energy is the foundation of human survival and development and an important material basis for national economic development. Improving energy utilization, reducing energy consumption and emissions, and promoting green, low-carbon cycles are currently the top priorities for social development. Phase change thermal storage and temperature control technology offers advantages such as high energy storage density, constant temperature during storage and release, and recyclability. It can be widely used in solar energy storage, smart buildings, electronic equipment thermal control, and battery thermal management. However, organic phase change materials (PCMs) have drawbacks such as leakage, low thermal conductivity, and poor strength, which limit their application. Therefore, the development of PCMs with stable shapes is a major research goal in the field of PCM thermal storage and temperature control.

[0003] Currently, porous media encapsulation and microencapsulation technologies can achieve one-, two-, and three-dimensional encapsulation of solid-liquid phase change materials. However, significant challenges remain in improving energy storage efficiency and mechanical strength. Polyurethane phase change materials have relatively large phase change enthalpy and a nearly constant phase transition temperature. They also possess excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, and thermal stability, offering broad application prospects in phase change energy storage.

[0004] Patent CN102690511A discloses a high-strength polyurethane solid-solid phase change energy storage material and its preparation method. The formulation includes 70%-96% polyester polyol, 4%-20% isocyanate, 0%-10% chain extender, and 0%-1% catalyst. Polyester polyol, with a highly symmetrical molecular structure and excellent crystallinity, is used as the polyurethane soft segment to form crystals with phase change properties, while also imparting high mechanical properties to the material. However, its phase change enthalpy is significantly lower.

[0005] Patent CN101891877A discloses a method for preparing a phase-change, thermally insulating polyurethane resin. The method uses polyethylene glycol as the soft segment, polyisocyanate, and a chain extender containing a quadruple hydrogen-bonded ureido-pyrimidone moiety as the hard segment to synthesize a phase-change, thermally insulating polyurethane resin containing quadruple hydrogen bonds. While the phase change enthalpy is as high as 150 J / g, the tensile strength at break is only 8 MPa, and the elongation at break is only 367%.

[0006] Patent CN101787108A discloses a method for preparing a phase-change thermal insulation polyurethane resin. This method employs bulk polymerization, incorporating both polyether glycol and polyester glycol as soft segments during polyurethane synthesis. Compared to polyurethane resins containing only polyethylene glycol as the soft segment, this phase-change thermal insulation polyurethane resin combines excellent phase-change thermal insulation performance with superior mechanical properties. However, the improvements in phase change enthalpy and elongation at break remain limited.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a phase change energy storage material that has high phase change enthalpy, certain mechanical strength, flexibility and reversible shape memory, so as to provide more options for temperature control of flexible wearable devices, heat dissipation of electronic devices, medical care, sports and other aspects. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible and reversible shape memory heat storage and temperature regulating phase change energy storage material and its preparation method and application. The polyurethane solid-solid phase change material with excellent flexibility and elasticity is synthesized by using ultra-long molecular chain polyether polyols. It has high enthalpy value and reversible shape memory, can be spun, or can be used in thermal management and artificial muscle fibers.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a flexible and elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material, comprising: polyether polyol, polyester polyol, isocyanate and small molecule polyol; wherein the molar ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol is 1:(1-1000), and the molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 10,000-900,000, generally referring to the number-average molecular weight.

[0010] The present invention uses two liquid-solid phase change materials, polyester polyol and polyether polyol with ultra-long molecular chains, as the polyurethane soft segment. By controlling the relative content of the two and based on the multi-hydrogen bond characteristics of sugar alcohol and small molecule polyol, a graft polycondensation or prepolymerization method is used to prepare polyurethane with extremely good flexibility. The phase change temperature of the material is adjustable within 25-65°C, and it has shape stability, which can avoid leakage problems during the use of the material. It exhibits reversible shape memory and flexibility, can achieve cyclic free shape change and recovery, and has good cyclic stability.

[0011] Furthermore, the molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 100,000-700,000, preferably 300,000-600,000, for example, 300,000, 400,000, 500,000, or 600,000.

[0012] And / or, the molecular weight of the polyester polyol is 500-3500; for example, 800, 1000, 2000, 3000, 3500, etc., usually referring to the weight average molecular weight.

[0013] And / or, the molar ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol is 1:(100-1000), preferably 1:(200-700), and more preferably 1:400. The two polyols significantly influence the phase change properties and mechanical properties of the polyurethane. By regulating the molecular weights of the polyether polyol and the polyester polyol and the relative content of each component, the polyurethane solid-solid phase change material obtained in the present invention can achieve an elongation at break of up to 1728%, a breaking strength of 5-23 MPa, and a high enthalpy of 70-150 J / g.

[0014] Furthermore, the addition amount of the small molecule polyol is 0.01%-0.3% of the total mass of the polyether polyol, polyester polyol and isocyanate, preferably 0.16%;

[0015] And / or, the small molecule polyol includes a sugar alcohol or a common small molecule polyol, for example, one or more of D-sorbitol, D-mannitol, erythritol, xylitol, D-arabitol, and 1,4-butanediol. When a small molecule diol is added, a linear polyurethane phase change material can be obtained, and when a sugar alcohol or a small molecule trivalent or higher alcohol is added, a network-like polyurethane phase change material can be obtained.

[0016] Furthermore, the polyether polyol includes one or more of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide glycol, polypropylene oxide glycol, and poly-1,4-tetramethylene oxide glycol; preferably polyethylene glycol or polyethylene oxide glycol;

[0017] And / or, the polyester polyol includes one or more of polycaprolactone diol, polyadipate diol, polyethylene adipate diol, polypropylene adipate diol, polybutylene adipate diol, polyhexamethylene adipate diol, polybutylene adipate hexamethylene adipate diol, polycarbonate diol, polyethylene phthalate diol, polyhexamethylene phthalate diol, poly(1,6-hexanediol) phthalate diol) and polyneopentyl phthalate diol, preferably polycaprolactone diol.

[0018] Further, the isocyanate index is 0.95-1.05;

[0019] And / or, the isocyanate includes one or more of toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4'4-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a flexible elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1, reacting a polyester polyol with an isocyanate in the presence of a catalyst to obtain an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer 1;

[0022] S2, reacting the first isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with a polyether polyol to obtain a second isocyanate-terminated prepolymer; the polyether polyol having a molecular weight of 10,000-900,000;

[0023] S3, reacting the terminal isocyanate prepolymer II with a small molecule polyol to obtain a flexible elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material.

[0024] Furthermore, the molar ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol is 1:(1-1000), preferably 1:(200-700), more preferably 1:(250-450);

[0025] The above steps are graft polycondensation and prepolymerization methods. First, a polyester polyol with a relatively small molecular weight reacts with isocyanate to obtain a terminal isocyanate prepolymer 1; then a polyether polyol is added. Since the polyether polyol has a high molecular weight and is usually solid at room temperature, it needs to be prepared into a solution or heated and melted before reacting. It polymerizes with the terminal isocyanate group of the terminal isocyanate prepolymer 1 to further extend the molecular chain; finally, the chain is further extended by a small molecule polyol to obtain a linear or network structured polyurethane phase change material.

[0026] Preferably, the polyether polyol and polyester polyol are dried and dehydrated at a temperature of 120-130° C. before the reaction.

[0027] Furthermore, the catalyst is one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, tetrabutyl titanate, tertiary amines (e.g., triethylenediamine), non-tin organic compounds, oleic acid, adipic acid, and potassium hydroxide. The amount of the catalyst added is approximately 0.01% of the total mass of the polyester polyol and the isocyanate.

[0028] Specifically, the preparation method of the flexible elastic heat storage temperature regulating phase change material includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. After drying the polyester polyol, add isocyanate, and continue stirring and reacting at 65-75° C. for 45-60 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere. Then, add a catalyst and continue the reaction for 60-120 minutes to obtain an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer 1;

[0030] The isocyanate index is 0.95-1.05; the polyester polyol molecular weight is 500-3500;

[0031] S2, adding the dried polyether polyol to the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer 1, stirring and reacting at 65-75° C. for 60-180 minutes to obtain the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer 2;

[0032] S3. Add a small molecule polyol to the terminal isocyanate prepolymer 2, continue stirring and reacting at 75-85° C. for 60-180 minutes, and dry under a vacuum environment at 80° C. for 6-8 hours to obtain a flexible elastic heat storage temperature regulating phase change material.

[0033] In the third aspect, the present invention provides an application of a flexible and elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material as described in any one of the above items or a flexible and elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material obtained by the preparation method as described in any one of the above items, wherein the flexible and elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material is used in the fields of artificial muscle fibers, heat storage and temperature regulating textiles, and thermal management.

[0034] Experiments show that the polyurethane flexible elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change energy storage material prepared by the present invention can be used to obtain micro-nano phase change fiber membranes using electrospinning technology, which is of great significance for applications in the field of thermal management. However, the solid-solid phase change materials prepared by existing technologies are rarely able to be formed into fibers alone, and need to be compounded with a certain amount of high molecular polymers before they can be spun into shape.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] The flexible, heat-storing, and temperature-regulating phase-change material provided by this invention utilizes polyester polyols and polyether polyols with ultra-long molecular chains as polyurethane soft segments, which react with diisocyanates. By adjusting the content of each component, a highly flexible, solid-solid polyurethane phase-change material can be obtained, preventing leakage during use. This polyurethane phase-change material has an adjustable phase transition temperature between 25°C and 65°C, and exhibits high enthalpy, excellent mechanical properties, and reversible shape memory, enabling multiple cycles while maintaining shape stability and exhibiting excellent thermal cycling durability.

[0037] 2. The preparation method of the present invention is simple and can be implemented in a variety of ways. It is low-cost, environmentally friendly, and suitable for industrial applications. The product has a wide range of heat storage and temperature regulation, stable physical properties, and stable flexibility and reversible shape memory. It can be used in thermal management, temperature-regulating textiles, and artificial muscle fibers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 Appearance diagram of the flexible-reversible shape memory heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material prepared in Example 1 at different temperatures (top figure) and stress stretching and stress removal diagrams (bottom figure);

[0039] Figure 2 Thermal analysis diagram of the flexible-reversible shape memory heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material prepared in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 3 This is the XRD spectrum of the polyurethane phase change material made from polyethylene oxide, polycaprolactone diol and D-sorbitol;

[0041] Figure 4 XRD spectra of the flexible-reversible shape memory heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material prepared in Example 1 at different temperatures;

[0042] Figure 5 This is the stress-strain curve of the flexible-reversible shape memory heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material prepared in Example 1;

[0043] Figure 6 DMA curve of the flexible-reversible shape memory heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material prepared in Example 1;

[0044] Figure 7 This is the relationship curve between deformation, stress and temperature of the flexible-reversible shape memory heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material prepared in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material with flexible and reversible shape memory is prepared by the following steps:

[0048] (1) 4 g of polycaprolactone diol (Mw = 1000) was weighed and dried at 120°C for 2 h, 0.73 g of HDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate) was added, and the mixture was reacted in a nitrogen atmosphere at 75°C for 60 min. After that, dibutyltin dilaurate was added and the mixture was reacted at 75°C for 120 min to obtain an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer.

[0049] (2) Weigh 6 g of polyethylene oxide (Mn = 600,000) and dry it at 120°C for 2 h, then evenly disperse it in N,N-dimethylformamide solvent; the molar ratio of polyethylene oxide to polycaprolactone diol is calculated to be 1:400;

[0050] (3) adding polyethylene oxide (also known as polyethylene oxide, Mn = 600000) solution to the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer obtained in step (1), and continuing the reaction at 75° C. for 180 min;

[0051] (4) Weighing 0.02 g of D-sorbitol was added to the product of step (3), the system was heated to 80° C., and the reaction was continued for 180 min before terminating the reaction to obtain an ultrahigh molecular weight polyurethane solution;

[0052] (5) The polyurethane solution obtained in step (4) is placed in a vacuum environment at 80° C. for curing and drying to obtain a flexible-reversible shape memory polyurethane phase change material film product.

[0053] The morphology and morphological changes of the flexible-reversible shape memory phase change material prepared in this embodiment are shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, it can be seen that it is a soft and transparent solid state with good flexibility and elasticity. It can be stretched to 300% and can return to its original shape after the stress is removed.

[0054] from Figure 2 As can be seen, the flexible-reversible shape-memory phase-change material produced in this example has a wide temperature regulation range and a high enthalpy value, demonstrating excellent thermal storage and temperature regulation performance. As the ambient temperature gradually rises, the polyurethane undergoes a phase transition, absorbing heat. Its phase transition temperature is 62°C, with a phase transition enthalpy of 110 J / g; at a phase transition temperature of 45°C, the phase transition enthalpy is 108 J / g.

[0055] from Figure 3 It can be seen that the flexible elastic phase change material prepared in this embodiment has good crystallization performance; Figure 4 It can be seen that the crystallization properties of flexible elastic phase change materials can change with temperature. The crystallization is better at low temperatures. As the temperature rises, the phase change material gradually changes from a regular arrangement to a disordered state.

[0056] from Figure 5 It can be seen that the tensile strength of the flexible phase change material prepared in this embodiment is about 10.4 MPa, the elongation at break is about 1728.0%, and the maximum load can reach 15.3 N, indicating excellent flexibility. It can be seen that the present invention can combine high enthalpy value with excellent mechanical properties.

[0057] from Figure 6 It can be seen that the flexible elastic phase change material prepared in this embodiment can change its morphology as the load is applied and removed, and this change has cyclic stability.

[0058] Polyurethane phase change material is a semi-crystalline shape memory polymer that mainly relies on the melting-crystallization phase change process of the crystalline and semi-crystalline molecular segments to achieve shape memory. Figure 7As can be seen, under the action of external force, the polyurethane molecular chains can change from their original curled state to an extended state. When the external force is removed, they will spontaneously return to their initial state. The change in the curve shows that this polyurethane phase change material can return to its original shape and size under thermal stimulation after deformation.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] A heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material with flexible and reversible shape memory, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the molecular weight Mn of polyethylene oxide is 300000, and the rest is the same as Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] A heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material with flexible and reversible shape memory, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the molecular weight Mn of the polyester polyol is 3500, and the rest is the same as Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] A heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material with flexible and reversible shape memory, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the molar ratio of polyethylene oxide to polycaprolactone diol in step (2) is 1:200, and the rest is the same as Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] A heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material with flexible and reversible shape memory, compared with Example 1, the difference is that the molar ratio of polyethylene oxide to polycaprolactone diol in step (2) is 1:700, and the rest is the same as Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0067] Example 6

[0068] (1) 3 g of polycaprolactone diol (Mw = 1000) was weighed and dried at 120°C for 2 h, 0.56 g of HDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate) was added, and the mixture was reacted in a nitrogen atmosphere at 75°C for 60 min. After tetrabutyl titanate was added as a catalyst, the mixture was reacted at 75°C for 120 min to obtain a terminated isocyanate prepolymer;

[0069] (2) Weigh 6 g of polyethylene oxide (Mn = 600,000) and dry it at 120°C for 2 h, then evenly disperse it in N,N-dimethylacetamide solvent;

[0070] (3) adding a polyethylene oxide (Mn=600000) solution to the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer obtained in step (1) and continuing the reaction at 75° C. for 180 min;

[0071] (4) Weighing 0.02 g of D-sorbitol was added to the product of step (3), the system was heated to 80° C., and the reaction was continued for 180 min before terminating the reaction to obtain an ultrahigh molecular weight polyurethane solution;

[0072] (5) The polyurethane solution obtained by the reaction in step (4) is placed in a vacuum environment at 80° C. for curing and drying to obtain a flexible-reversible shape memory polyurethane phase change material film product.

[0073] Example 7

[0074] (1) 2.5 g of polycaprolactone diol (Mn = 1000) was weighed and dried at 120°C for 2 h. 0.63 g of MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanate) was added and the mixture was reacted in a nitrogen atmosphere at 75°C for 60 min. After adding dibutyltin dilaurate, the mixture was reacted at 75°C for 120 min to obtain an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer.

[0075] (2) Weigh 3 g of polyethylene glycol (Mn = 600,000) and dry it at 120°C for 2 h, then evenly disperse it in N,N-dimethylformamide solvent;

[0076] (3) adding polyethylene glycol (Mn=600000) solution to the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer obtained in step (1) and continuing the reaction at 75°C for 180 minutes;

[0077] (4) Weighing 0.01 g of D-sorbitol was added to the product of step (3), the system was heated to 80° C., and the reaction was continued for 180 min before terminating the reaction to obtain an ultrahigh molecular weight polyurethane solution;

[0078] (5) The polyurethane solution obtained in step (4) is placed in a vacuum environment at 80° C. for curing and drying to obtain a flexible-reversible shape memory polyurethane phase change material film product.

[0079] Example 8

[0080] (1) 16 g of polyester polyol (Mn = 1000) was weighed and dried at 120°C for 2 h, 2.8 g of HDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate) was added, and the reaction was continued in a nitrogen atmosphere at 75°C for 60 min. After tetrabutyl titanate was added as a catalyst, the reaction was continued at 75°C for 120 min to obtain a terminal isocyanate prepolymer;

[0081] (2) Weigh 24 g of polyethylene oxide (Mn = 600,000) and dry it at 120°C for 2 h, then evenly disperse it in N,N-dimethylformamide solvent;

[0082] (3) adding a polyethylene oxide (Mn=600000) solution to the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer obtained in step (1) and continuing the reaction at 75° C. for 180 min;

[0083] (4) Weighing 0.0728 g of erythritol was added to the product of step (3), the system was heated to 80° C., and the reaction was continued for 180 min to terminate the reaction, thereby obtaining an ultrahigh molecular weight polyurethane solution;

[0084] (5) The polyurethane solution obtained in step (4) is placed in a vacuum environment at 80° C. for curing and drying to obtain a flexible-reversible shape memory polyurethane phase change material film product.

[0085] Table 1 Phase change enthalpy and mechanical property test results of Examples 1-8

[0086] Example Phase change enthalpy (J / g) Breaking strength (MPa) Elongation at break Example 1 110.0 10.4 1702.9％ Example 2 157.3 6.5 13.0％ Example 3 94.1 13.7 145.4％ Example 4 128.0 5.3 64.0％ Example 5 75.0 8.2 893.0％ Example 6 115.0 12.2 1635.0％ Example 7 94.0 8.7 1215.0％ Example 8 109.5 10.0 1700.0％

[0087] As shown in Table 1, the use of ultrahigh molecular weight polyether polyols in the present invention can simultaneously improve the flexibility and phase change enthalpy of polyurethane phase change materials. Increasing the molecular weight of polyether polyols helps improve the oriented tensile strength and elongation of flexible phase change materials. Increasing the molecular weight of polyester polyols reduces the phase change enthalpy, but increases the material's modulus and rigidity. Furthermore, the type and amount of polyester polyol significantly influence the enthalpy and flexibility of the phase change material. Hydrogen bonding and intermolecular forces significantly contribute to the flexibility of the phase change material structure.

[0088] In summary, the flexible-reversible shape-memory phase-change material provided by the present invention has a simple preparation method, low cost, and a wide range of applications. The flexible-reversible shape-memory phase-change material produced by this preparation method not only has a stable shape, good flexibility, and heat storage and temperature-regulating properties, but also can deform under external force at room temperature. When the temperature rises above a certain response temperature, the deformation of this phase-change material can quickly return to its original state, making it safe to use and suitable for a wide range of applications.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a flexible and elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Reacting a polyester polyol with an isocyanate in the presence of a catalyst to obtain an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer 1; the polyester polyol comprises one or more of polycaprolactone diol, polyethylene adipate diol, polypropylene adipate diol, polybutylene adipate diol, polycarbonate diol, poly(ethylene phthalate) glycol ether, poly(1,6-hexanediol phthalate) glycol, and poly(neopentyl phthalate) glycol; and the molecular weight of the polyester polyol is 500-1000; S2, reacting the terminal isocyanate prepolymer 1 with a polyether polyol to obtain a terminal isocyanate prepolymer 2; the molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 600,000-900,000; the molar ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol is 1:(400-700); the polyether polyol includes one or more of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and poly-1,4-oxytetramethylene glycol; S3. Reacting the terminal isocyanate prepolymer II with a small molecule polyol to obtain a flexible and elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material; the small molecule polyol is one or more of D-sorbitol, D-mannitol, erythritol, xylitol, and D-arabitol.

2. The method for preparing the flexible elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyether polyol and polyester polyol are dried and dehydrated at a temperature of 120-130° C. before the reaction.

3. The method for preparing the flexible elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst is one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, tetrabutyl titanate, tertiary amines, oleic acid, adipic acid, and potassium hydroxide.

4. The method for preparing a flexible elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. After drying the polyester polyol, add isocyanate, and continue stirring and reacting at 65-75° C. for 45-60 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere. Then, add a catalyst and continue the reaction for 60-120 minutes to obtain an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer 1; The isocyanate index is 0.95-1.05; the polyester polyol has a molecular weight of 500-1000; S2, adding the dried polyether polyol to the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer 1, stirring and reacting at 65-75° C. for 60-180 minutes to obtain the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer 2; S3. Adding a small molecule polyol to the terminal isocyanate prepolymer 2, stirring and reacting at 75-85° C. for 60-180 min, and vacuum drying at 80° C. to obtain a flexible and elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material.

5. The method for preparing the flexible elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The addition amount of the small molecule polyol is 0.01%-0.3% of the total mass of the polyether polyol, polyester polyol and isocyanate.

6. The method for preparing the flexible elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isocyanate index is 0.95-1.05; And / or, the isocyanate includes one or more of toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4'4-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate.

7. A flexible, elastic, heat-storing, temperature-regulating phase change material prepared according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. An application of the flexible elastic heat storage and temperature regulating phase change material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flexible and elastic heat-storing and temperature-regulating phase change material is used in artificial muscle fibers, heat-storing and temperature-regulating intelligent textiles, and thermal management fields.

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