A copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process

Abstract

The application discloses a copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process and belongs to the technical field of copper rod smelting, which comprises the following steps: step one, pretreatment; step two, adding an anti-oxidation agent; step three, adopting an oxidation-reduction reaction; step four, stirring copper liquor; step five, filtering the copper liquor; step six, preventing hot air from being introduced; step seven, controlling the oxygen content of a smelting furnace; step eight, controlling the smelting temperature; step nine, controlling the smelting time; step ten, accelerating the smelting speed; and step eleven, discharging and cooling. The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process can remove other substances mixed in the smelted copper rod, reduce the viscosity of the copper liquor in the smelting process, reduce the resistance and energy consumption in the smelting furnace, reduce the chance of impurities contacting air and the possibility of oxidation, filter out large-particle impurities, reduce the viscosity of the copper liquor, help to improve the fluidity of the copper liquor and thus reduce the possibility of oxidation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of copper rod smelting, and particularly relates to a copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process. BACKGROUND

[0002] Copper rod smelting refers to a process of adding copper raw materials such as copper ores and waste copper products into a smelting furnace for smelting to obtain copper rods. Copper can react with oxygen in the air to produce copper oxide in a high-temperature environment. Copper oxide has strong deteriorating properties and can easily reduce the quality and performance of copper, such as electrical conductivity and ductility, thereby affecting the processing and use effect. Therefore, anti-oxidation measures need to be taken during the copper rod smelting process to reduce the opportunity of copper contacting with air and maintain the stability and quality of copper.

[0003] According to the publication number CN111842820A, a copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process includes the following steps: 1. Copper material pretreatment: the copper material is pure copper or high-copper alloy, and the pure copper or high-copper alloy raw material is processed into a copper rod with a length of 4-10 cm. The copper rod is sandblasted to remove dirt and preheated at a temperature of 500-600 DEG C to remove moisture for standby. The process is simple and the production cost is low. The multiple protection of the deoxidizer, the protective gas and the covering material during smelting improves the oxygen isolation effect and effectively prevents the oxidation of pure copper and copper alloy during the smelting process. At the same time, the graphite stirrer arranged in the melting furnace stirs the copper liquid, and the deoxidizer is uniformly dispersed in the copper liquid, thereby improving the deoxidation effect of the deoxidizer on the copper liquid.

[0004] In the process of implementing the present application, the applicant found that at least the following problems exist: the measures of deoxidizer, protective gas, covering material and graphite stirrer can play a certain anti-oxidation role, but these measures still have certain defects. In the copper rod smelting process, there are impurities such as copper rod raw material itself, smelting furnace inner wall and smelting auxiliary agent. These impurities can reduce the purity and quality of copper material and affect the subsequent processing and use. In the copper rod smelting process, hot air entering the smelting furnace can easily take away the heat in the molten pool, and the oxygen in the hot air can react with copper, iron and other elements inside the copper rod to form oxides, causing uneven product composition and increased impurities, thereby reducing the purity and quality of the copper rod, and making the copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process not comprehensive and safe enough. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process to solve the problems existing in the copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step one, pretreatment: Before the copper rod enters the furnace, its surface is cleaned and treated with a certain chemical agent to form a stable oxide protective film, improving the oxidation resistance of the copper rod surface;

[0008] Step two, add antioxidant: Add a certain amount of antioxidant in the furnace, which can effectively inhibit the oxidation of copper rod and maintain the stability of the molten pool;

[0009] Step three, adopt oxidation-reduction reaction: Add reducing agent, which can react with copper oxide and be reduced to metallic copper, thereby reducing the production of oxide and the degree of oxidation reaction;

[0010] Step four, stir the copper liquor: Proper stirring of the copper liquor can make the copper rod receive more oxygen, thereby reducing surface oxidation;

[0011] Step five, filter the copper liquor: Regularly remove the oxides on the surface of the copper liquor to prevent them from further contaminating the copper liquor and reducing the quality of copper;

[0012] Step six, prevent hot air from being introduced: By closing the furnace, reduce the interference of external air, and can introduce hot air into the bottom of the furnace to avoid direct blowing to the surface of the copper liquor, thereby reducing the oxidation of the copper rod;

[0013] Step seven, control the oxygen content in the furnace: Mix air and oxygen in the furnace to control the oxygen content and reduce the oxidation reaction of the copper rod;

[0014] Step eight, control the smelting temperature: Control the smelting temperature so that it does not exceed the melting point of the copper rod, while avoiding excessively high temperature to reduce the occurrence of oxidation reaction;

[0015] Step nine, control the smelting time: Make the smelting process as short as possible to reduce the time and degree of oxidation reaction;

[0016] Step ten, accelerate the smelting speed: Try to shorten the smelting time to reduce the time of the copper rod contacting oxygen;

[0017] Step eleven, furnace cooling: After refining, stop heating and cool the copper rod in the furnace, and take out the copper rod after the copper rod is completely solidified.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the chemical agent in step one includes alkaline cleaning agent, generally using 2% to 3% concentration of sodium hydroxide solution, treated at a temperature of 65°C to 85°C, the treatment time is determined according to the surface condition of the copper rod, generally for 10 minutes to 30 minutes.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the antioxidant in step two includes nitrogen, the flow rate is about 1L / min to 10L / min, the specific flow rate needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the reducing agent in step three comprises silicon powder, and 10-15 kg of silicon powder is added to react with copper oxide to generate SiO2 and Cu.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the stirring speed in step four is between 60-80 rpm, which can make oxygen more fully contact with the copper liquor, thereby reducing surface oxidation, and the stirring time is about 30-40 minutes, which can make the oxygen in the copper liquor more fully dispersed in the entire furnace.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the filtering method in step five can filter the copper liquor through a filter or other filtering device, and the cleaning frequency is every 3-7 days / time.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, in step six, a special gas nozzle can be installed at the bottom of the furnace to introduce hot air after combustion into the bottom of the furnace, which can make the hot air more fully contact with the copper liquor, thereby achieving the effect of reducing oxidation, and the hot air introduction accounts for about 10%-20% of the entire smelting time, and the proportion of hot air introduced into the bottom of the furnace accounts for about 5%-10% of the total air volume of the furnace.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the oxygen content in step seven can be controlled by adjusting the air door of the furnace, the amount of oxygen added, and other parameters to control the mixing ratio of air and oxygen in the furnace.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the smelting temperature in step eight can be controlled by adjusting the flame size of the burner, adjusting the heating parameters, and controlling the temperature of the combustion chamber.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the smelting time in step nine and the smelting speed in step ten can be improved by increasing the volume of the furnace, using high-efficiency fuel, and strengthening the operation of the furnace.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0028] The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process can promote the reduction of copper ions to pure copper by using oxidation-reduction reaction, thereby ensuring the purity and quality of the copper rod, releasing a large amount of energy, helping to improve the temperature in the furnace, thereby accelerating the melting speed and shortening the smelting time, effectively controlling the atmosphere during the smelting process of the copper rod, preventing the oxygen content in the furnace from being too high, and thereby ensuring the quality and composition of the copper rod product.

[0029] The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process can remove other substances such as oxides and silicates mixed in the copper liquor during smelting of the copper rod, reduce the viscosity of the copper liquor in the smelting process, reduce the resistance and energy consumption in the smelting furnace, help to improve the thermal efficiency of the smelting furnace, reduce the opportunity of impurities contacting with air, and reduce the possibility of oxidation, and can filter out large particle impurities, reduce the viscosity of the copper liquor, help to improve the fluidity of the copper liquor, reduce the local oxygen deficiency phenomenon, and thus reduce the possibility of oxidation.

[0030] The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process can prevent hot air from being introduced, and the hot air can contain impurity components such as oxygen and water vapor. The impurities entering the smelting furnace can affect the composition and quality of the copper rod. By preventing the hot air from entering, the composition and quality of the copper rod can be ensured not to be contaminated. A special gas nozzle is installed at the bottom of the smelting furnace to introduce the hot air after combustion into the bottom of the smelting furnace. In this way, the hot air can be more fully contacted with the copper liquor, thereby achieving the effect of reducing oxidation, making the smelted copper rod less likely to be oxidized, and the quality of the smelted copper rod better.

[0031] The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process can be more efficient by combining the pretreatment, addition of anti-oxidation agent, use of oxidation-reduction reaction, stirring of the copper liquor, filtration of the copper liquor, prevention of hot air introduction, control of the oxygen content of the smelting furnace, control of the smelting temperature, control of the smelting time, and acceleration of the smelting speed. Specifically, the pretreatment can remove surface oxides and other impurities, which is conducive to the smooth progress of the smelting process. The addition of the anti-oxidation agent can inhibit the occurrence of the oxidation reaction and maintain the reducing property of the copper liquor, thereby ensuring the composition and quality of the copper rod. The use of the oxidation-reduction reaction can promote the oxidation-reduction reaction and complete the smelting of the copper rod in a short time, reduce energy consumption, and improve production efficiency. Stirring the copper liquor can accelerate the oxidation-reduction reaction, improve the purity and composition uniformity of the copper rod, and filter the copper liquor to remove particulate impurities and reduce the viscosity of the copper liquor, thereby ensuring the quality and composition of the copper rod and preventing the introduction of hot air. The prevention of hot air introduction can avoid a large amount of oxygen, water vapor, and other impurities from entering the smelting furnace, which can affect the composition and quality of the copper rod. Controlling the oxygen content of the smelting furnace can ensure that the reducing copper liquor is not excessively oxidized, while promoting the oxidation-reduction reaction, which is conducive to the smelting of the copper rod. Controlling the smelting temperature and time can accelerate the smelting speed of the copper rod and promote the oxidation-reduction reaction, thereby improving the yield and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process is a flowchart. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with examples.

[0034] The following examples are used to illustrate the present application, but cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. The conditions in the examples can be further adjusted according to specific conditions, and simple improvements to the method of the present application under the concept of the present application also belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step 1, pretreatment: before smelting 1000 kg of copper rod, clean its surface and perform surface treatment with alkali washing agent, use 3% concentration of sodium hydroxide solution to perform treatment at a temperature of 85°C, and the treatment time is 20 minutes, to form a stable oxide protective film and improve the oxidation resistance of the surface of the copper rod;

[0037] Step 2, add anti-oxidation agent: add nitrogen gas in the smelting furnace, the flow rate is about 8 L / min, which can effectively inhibit the oxidation of the copper rod and maintain the stability of the molten pool;

[0038] Step 3, use oxidation-reduction reaction: add 12 kg of silicon powder reducing agent, which can react with copper oxide and be reduced to metallic copper, thereby reducing the generation of oxides and reducing the degree of oxidation reaction;

[0039] Step 4, stir the copper liquor: the stirring speed is 60 revolutions per minute, which can make oxygen more fully contact with the copper liquor, and the stirring time is about 30 minutes, which can make the copper rod more fully contact with oxygen, thereby reducing surface oxidation;

[0040] Step 5, filter the copper liquor: the filtering method can filter the copper liquor through a filter or other filtering device, and the cleaning frequency is every 3 days / time, which can periodically remove the oxides on the surface of the copper liquor to avoid further contamination of the copper liquor and reduce the quality of the copper;

[0041] Step 6, prevent hot air introduction: by closing the smelting furnace, reduce the interference of external air, and a special gas nozzle can be installed at the bottom of the smelting furnace to introduce hot air after combustion into the bottom of the smelting furnace, which can make the hot air more fully contact with the copper liquor, thereby achieving the effect of reducing oxidation, and the hot air introduction accounts for about 10% of the entire smelting time, and the proportion of the hot air introduced into the bottom of the smelting furnace accounts for about 5% of the total amount of air in the smelting furnace, which avoids direct blowing to the surface of the copper liquor, thereby reducing the oxidation of the copper rod;

[0042] Step 7, control the oxygen content in the smelting furnace: by adjusting parameters such as the smelting furnace damper and the amount of oxygen added, the mixing ratio of air and oxygen in the smelting furnace can be controlled to control the oxygen content and reduce the oxidation reaction of the copper rod;

[0043] Step eight, control the melting temperature: by adjusting the size of the burner flame, adjust the heating parameters, control the combustion chamber temperature, so that it does not exceed the melting point of the copper rod, while avoiding excessive temperature, to reduce the occurrence of oxidation reaction;

[0044] Step nine, control the melting time: by increasing the furnace volume, using high-efficiency fuel to make the melting process as short as possible, reducing the time and degree of oxidation reaction;

[0045] Step ten, speed up the melting speed: by strengthening the operation of the furnace to shorten the melting time as much as possible, so as to reduce the time of copper rod contacting oxygen;

[0046] Step eleven, cooling: after refining, stop heating and cool the copper rod in the furnace, and take out the copper rod after the copper rod is completely solidified.

[0047] Example two: please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a kind of copper rod melting anti-oxidation process, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step one, pretreatment: before melting 1000kg of copper rod, clean its surface and carry out surface treatment with pickling agent, use 5% concentration nitric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid, and carry out treatment at 50℃ for 20 minutes, to form a stable oxide protective film and improve the oxidation resistance of copper rod surface;

[0049] Step two, add anti-oxidant: add boride in the furnace, the proportion is between 2g / kg, which can effectively inhibit the oxidation of copper rod and maintain the stability of the molten pool;

[0050] Step three, adopt oxidation-reduction reaction: add aluminum powder reducing agent, add 20kg of aluminum powder, which can react with copper oxide to generate Al2O3 and Cu, thereby reducing the generation of oxide and the degree of oxidation reaction;

[0051] Step four, stir the copper liquor: the stirring speed is 70 revolutions per minute, which can make oxygen more fully contact with the copper liquor, and the stirring time is about 35 minutes, which can make the copper rod receive more oxygen, thereby reducing surface oxidation;

[0052] Step five, filter the copper liquor: the filtering method can filter the copper liquor through a filter or other filtering device, and the cleaning frequency is every 5 days / time, to regularly remove the oxides on the surface of the copper liquor and avoid further contamination of the copper liquor and reduction of the quality of copper;

[0053] Step six, prevent hot air introduction: by closing the furnace, reduce the interference of external air, and can be installed at the bottom of the furnace special gas nozzle, hot air introduction into the bottom of the furnace, so that the hot air more fully with copper juice contact, so as to reduce the effect of oxidation, and hot air introduction accounts for about 15% of the whole smelting time, hot air introduction into the bottom of the furnace about 8% of the total amount of air in the furnace, to avoid blowing directly to the surface of the copper rod, thereby reducing the oxidation of copper rod;

[0054] Step seven, control the oxygen content of the furnace: by adjusting the air door, oxygen adding amount and other parameters, the mixing ratio of air and oxygen in the furnace can be controlled, the oxygen content can be controlled, and the oxidation reaction of copper rod can be reduced;

[0055] Step eight, control the smelting temperature: by adjusting the size of the burner flame, adjusting the heating parameter, controlling the temperature of the combustion chamber, so that it does not exceed the melting point of the copper rod, at the same time, avoid too high temperature, in order to reduce the occurrence of oxidation reaction;

[0056] Step nine, control the smelting time: by increasing the volume of the furnace, using high efficiency fuel to make the smelting process as short as possible, reducing the time and degree of oxidation reaction;

[0057] Step ten, accelerate the smelting speed: by strengthening the operation of the furnace to shorten the smelting time as much as possible, so as to reduce the time of copper rod contacting oxygen;

[0058] Step eleven, furnace cooling: after refining, stop heating and cool the copper rod in the furnace, and take out the copper rod after the copper rod is completely solidified.

[0059] Example three: please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a kind of copper rod smelting anti-oxidation process, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step three, pretreatment: before smelting 1000kg of copper rod, clean its surface, and use phosphating agent for surface treatment, use 4% concentration of phosphoric acid, and treat at 70 DEG C temperature, and the treatment time is 30 minutes, to form a layer of stable oxide protective film, improve the oxidation resistance of copper rod surface;

[0061] Step two, add anti-oxidant: add fluoride in the furnace, the proportion is 5g / kg, which can effectively inhibit the oxidation of copper rod and maintain the stability of the molten pool;

[0062] Step three, adopt oxidation-reduction reaction: add zinc powder reducing agent, add 10kg of silicon powder, which can react with copper oxide to generate ZnO and Cu, thereby reducing the generation of oxide and reducing the degree of oxidation reaction;

[0063] Step four, stirring the copper liquid: the stirring speed is 60 rpm, which can make the oxygen contact with the copper liquid more fully, and the stirring time is about 40 minutes, which can make the copper rod receive more oxygen, thereby reducing the surface oxidation;

[0064] Step five, filtering the copper liquid: the filtering mode can filter the copper liquid through a filter or other filtering device, and the cleaning frequency is once every 7 days, which can remove the oxides on the surface of the copper liquid to avoid further pollution of the copper liquid and reduce the quality of the copper;

[0065] Step six, prevent hot air from being introduced: by closing the furnace, the interference of external air is reduced, and a special gas nozzle can be installed at the bottom of the furnace to introduce hot air into the bottom of the furnace, which can make the hot air contact with the copper liquid more fully, thereby reducing the oxidation effect, and the hot air introduction accounts for about 20% of the entire smelting time, and the proportion of the hot air introduced into the bottom of the furnace accounts for about 10% of the total air volume of the furnace, which avoids direct blowing to the surface of the copper liquid, thereby reducing the oxidation of the copper rod;

[0066] Step seven, control the oxygen content of the furnace: by adjusting the parameters such as the air door of the furnace and the amount of oxygen added, the mixing ratio of air and oxygen in the furnace can be controlled to control the oxygen content and reduce the oxidation reaction of the copper rod;

[0067] Step eight, control the smelting temperature: by adjusting the size of the burner flame, adjusting the heating parameters, and controlling the temperature of the combustion chamber so that it does not exceed the melting point of the copper rod, while avoiding too high a temperature to reduce the occurrence of oxidation reaction;

[0068] Step nine, control the smelting time: by increasing the volume of the furnace and using high-efficiency fuel to make the smelting process as short as possible, the time and degree of oxidation reaction are reduced;

[0069] Step ten, accelerate the smelting speed: by strengthening the operation of the furnace to shorten the smelting time as much as possible, the time of the copper rod contacting oxygen is reduced;

[0070] Step eleven, furnace cooling: after refining, stop heating and cool the copper rod in the furnace, and take out the copper rod after the copper rod is completely solidified.

[0071] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A process for preventing oxidation during the smelting of copper rod, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: Step one, pretreatment: before the copper rod enters the furnace, clean its surface and use a certain chemical agent for surface treatment to form a stable oxide protective film and improve the oxidation resistance of the copper rod surface; Step two, add an antioxidant: add a certain amount of antioxidant in the furnace to effectively inhibit the oxidation of the copper rod and maintain the stability of the molten pool; Step three, adopt oxidation-reduction reaction: add a reducing agent, and the oxidized copper reacts with the reducing agent and is reduced to metallic copper, thereby reducing the generation of oxides and the degree of oxidation reaction; Step four, stir the copper liquor: appropriately stir the copper liquor to accelerate the oxidation-reduction reaction; Step five, filter the copper liquor: periodically remove the oxides on the surface of the copper liquor to prevent them from further contaminating the copper liquor and reducing the quality of the copper; Step six, prevent hot air introduction: by closing the furnace, reduce the interference of external air, and introduce the hot air after combustion into the bottom of the furnace to avoid direct blowing to the surface of the copper liquor, thereby achieving the effect of reducing oxidation; Step seven, control the oxygen content in the furnace: mix air and oxygen in the furnace to control the oxygen content and ensure that the reducing copper liquor is not excessively oxidized while promoting the oxidation-reduction reaction; Step eight, control the smelting temperature: adjust the size of the burner flame, adjust the heating parameters, control the combustion chamber temperature, and make it not exceed the melting point of the copper rod, while avoiding excessively high temperature to reduce the occurrence of oxidation reaction; Step nine, control the smelting time: make the smelting process as short as possible to reduce the time and degree of oxidation reaction; Step ten, accelerate the smelting speed: shorten the smelting time as much as possible; Step eleven, furnace cooling: after refining, stop heating and cool the copper rod in the furnace, and then take out the copper rod after it is completely solidified; The chemical agent in step one is a 2%-3% concentration of sodium hydroxide solution, and the surface treatment is carried out at a temperature of 65-85°C; The reducing agent in step three includes silicon powder.

2. The copper rod melting oxidation prevention process of claim 1, wherein: In step one, the surface treatment time is 10-30 minutes.

3. The copper rod melting oxidation prevention process of claim 1 wherein: The antioxidant in step two includes nitrogen gas, and the flow rate is between 1L / min and 10L / min.

4. The copper rod melting oxidation prevention process of claim 1 wherein: In step three, 10-15 kg of silicon powder is added.

5. The copper rod melting oxidation prevention process of claim 1 wherein: In step four, the stirring speed is between 60-80 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 30-40 minutes.

6. The copper rod melting oxidation prevention process of claim 1 wherein: In step six, a special gas nozzle is installed at the bottom of the furnace to introduce hot air after combustion into the bottom of the furnace, and the hot air introduction accounts for 10%-20% of the entire smelting time, and the proportion of hot air introduction into the bottom of the furnace is 5%-10% of the total air volume in the furnace.

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