An efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler and sampling method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler and a sampling method, which includes a split winch, a sampler main body, an operation platform, a sampling pipe, and a sampling cutter head. The upper part of the split winch is connected to the main cable below the equipment, and the lower part is connected to the sampler main body through a first release mechanism. A drain pipe is fixedly installed below the sampler main body. The sampling pipe is connected to one end of the drain pipe away from the sampler main body. A sample pipe is arranged inside the sampling pipe. The release cable of the split winch passes through the sampler main body and the drain pipe and is connected to a one-way piston. The one-way piston extends into the sampling pipe. The bottom of the sampling pipe is connected to the sampling cutter head. The operation platform is installed on the deck, and a clamping mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the operation platform. Sampling is carried out through four stages: pre-assembly, release, recovery, and ejection. The present invention saves operation costs, solves the contradiction between the convenience of installation and the reliable sealing caused by traditional pistons, ensures the integrity of the sample sequence, reduces operation risks, and improves the safety and efficiency of operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sampler devices, and in particular to an efficient vertical lifting and lowering columnar sediment sampler and a sampling method. Background Art

[0002] When conducting deep-sea seafloor geological identification and evaluation research, only by obtaining undisturbed samples of seafloor sediments can direct determination of sediment grain size, structure, composition, and age be carried out, thereby obtaining the corresponding geological conditions. A gravity sampler is a common device used for marine geological sampling. The gravity sampler forms a free fall in water by its own weight and penetrates into the seafloor sediments in an impact manner to obtain sediment samples. A sampling tube is provided at the bottom of the sampler to obtain sediment samples.

[0003] Existing types of efficient vertical lifting and lowering columnar sediment samplers and sampling methods include: gravity samplers, gravity piston samplers, etc. The operation processes of such samplers are basically the same. First, they are assembled integrally on the deck, and the equipment is lowered to the stern or the ship's side by a crane and released into the water. The entire operation process is cumbersome, and the sampling rate of the obtained sediment samples is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an efficient vertical lifting and lowering columnar sediment sampler and a sampling method.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an efficient vertical lifting and lowering columnar sediment sampler, including a split winch, a sampler main body, an operation platform, a sampling tube, and a sampling cutter head. The upper part of the split winch is connected to the main cable below the equipment, and the lower part is connected to the sampler main body through a first release mechanism. A drain pipe is fixedly installed below the sampler main body. The sampling tube is connected to one end of the drain pipe away from the sampler main body. A sample tube is arranged inside the sampling tube. The release cable of the split winch passes through the sampler main body and the drain pipe and is connected to a one-way piston. The one-way piston extends into the sampling tube. The bottom of the sampling tube is connected to the sampling cutter head. The operation platform is installed on the deck, and a clamping mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the operation platform.

[0006] For the above-mentioned efficient vertical lifting and lowering columnar sediment sampler, the one-way piston includes a frame and a piston body. The frame is located above the piston body. Sealing rings are arranged at both the upper and lower ends of the side of the piston body. A drain port is arranged above the piston body, a circular notch is arranged at the bottom, a one-way valve seat is arranged inside, a one-way valve core is arranged at the circular notch, and a spring is arranged between the one-way valve core and the one-way valve seat.

[0007] The above-mentioned efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler, the split winch includes a winch frame, a hydraulic power head, and a steel cable reel. The steel cable reel is arranged inside the winch frame, and a release steel cable is wound around the steel cable reel. One end of the steel cable reel is connected to the winch frame through a bearing, and the other end is connected to a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft extends outside the winch frame and is connected to the hydraulic power head. The hydraulic power head is connected to a hydraulic power station. A brake unit is also arranged on the winch frame. The upper part of the winch frame is connected to the main cable connector of the sampler through a connecting structure, and the bottom of the winch frame is connected to the sampler body through a connecting piece.

[0008] The above-mentioned efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler, the brake unit includes a reel flange and a brake bolt. The reel flange is located on both sides of the steel cable reel and is fixedly connected to the steel cable reel. Brake holes are arranged on both the reel flange and the winch frame, and the brake bolt is detachably installed in the brake holes.

[0009] The above-mentioned efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler, the clamping mechanism includes a first clamping mechanism and a second clamping mechanism. The first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are arranged opposite to each other. The first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism both include an upper slide rail, a lower slide rail, an oil cylinder, and a clamp jaw. The head of the clamp jaw is a semi-circular structure. The clamp jaws of the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are complementary. The upper slide rail can slide along the lower slide rail. The lower slide rail is fixed on the working platform. The clamp jaw is fixed at one end of the upper slide rail. One end of the oil cylinder away from the oil cylinder rod is fixed on the working platform, and the head of the oil cylinder rod is connected to the tail of the clamp jaw.

[0010] After sampling is completed, the sample tube of the above-mentioned efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler is blocked by a plugging inner plug.

[0011] The above-mentioned plugging inner plug includes a telescopic rod and an inner plug body. The telescopic rod and the inner plug body are connected through a connecting head. An inflation pipe joint is arranged on the upper surface of the inner plug body. An inflation O-ring is arranged at the middle position outside the inner plug body. The inflation O-ring is connected to the inflation pipe joint through an inflation pipe, and the inflation pipe joint is connected to an inflation pump.

[0012] At the connection position between the bottom of the drain pipe and the sampling pipe of the above-mentioned efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler, a second release mechanism is arranged, and a main body turning bracket is arranged on the working platform.

[0013] Based on the sampling method of the above-mentioned efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler according to any one of the above, it includes four stages: pre-assembly, release, recovery, and ejection. The specific steps are as follows:

[0014] Step 1: Based on multi-beam sounding and shallow stratum profile data, drive the scientific research vessel to the target position, pull out the one-way piston from the main body, calculate the cable length of the appropriate length, pull out the cable from the drain pipe, and install the sample tube into the sampling tube.

[0015] Step 2: Pre-assembly: Lift the sampling cutter head and place it vertically on the working platform. Then lift the sampling tube with the sample tube, connect the bottom of the sampling tube to the top of the cutter head. Lift the sampling tube with the cutter head and lower it to the clamping mechanism on the working platform. Drive the oil cylinder to open the clamping mechanism and lower the sampling tube to the upper clamping position, clamp the clamping mechanism to fix the sampling tube. According to the required quantity, assemble the sampling tubes and then place them into the one-way piston and connect them to the sampler main body.

[0016] Step 3: Release: Lift the sampler main body assembled in Step 2 and slowly lower it underwater. Hover when reaching the predetermined height. The first release mechanism releases the sampler main body. After the sampling is completed, the sampling cutter head closes to seal the obtained sediment.

[0017] Step 4: Recovery: Recover the equipment to the working platform. Clamp the split winch with the clamping mechanism. Drive the hydraulic device to lift the main body with the split winch. After lifting the main body to an appropriate position, lift the winch. Clamp the main body with the clamping mechanism, press down the winch and fix it on the main body. Disassemble the connection between the main body and the sampling tube. Lift the main body and slowly lower the bottom of the main body into the groove of the flipping bracket. After clamping, slowly lay down the main body until the main body is parallel and completely falls on the flipping bracket.

[0018] Step 5: Ejection: Lift the first sampling tube, clamp the second sampling tube with the clamping mechanism, disassemble the connection mechanism between the two sampling tubes, install the anti-slip device and insert the release plate. Lift the first sampling tube and place it on the deck. Sequentially lift the remaining sampling tubes and place them on the deck. Connect the ejection device to the sampling tube and hydraulically drive to eject the sample tube in the sampling tube.

[0019] For the sampling method of the above-mentioned high-efficiency vertical lifting and lowering columnar sediment sampler, when lifting the sampling tube in Step 5, judge the length of the sample in the current sampling tube. If the tube is full, place an end plug; if the tube is not full, place a sealing inner plug to seal the sample to prevent it from collapsing when laid down.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The clamping mechanism of the present invention is structurally compact and delicate, facilitating assembly and disassembly. It is applicable to the clamping operation of sediment samplers in multiple scenarios, and perfectly matches sampling tubes and targets of different sizes, reducing the space occupied by the equipment, lowering the cost of the clamping structure, and improving the operation efficiency, convenience, and safety. The split winch can freely rotate and fix the steel cable, with a precise structure, facilitating assembly and disassembly, improving the operation efficiency, saving the operation cost, and reducing the inconvenience caused by traditional winches. The one-way piston effectively solves the contradiction between the convenience of installation and the reliable sealing caused by traditional pistons. By setting the plugging inner plug, it is convenient for installation and disassembly, while ensuring the integrity of the sample sequence and reducing the inconvenience caused by traditional capping methods. The sampling method of the present invention reduces the operation difficulty of the sediment sampler and improves the operation safety and efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the one-way piston of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the plugging inner plug of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the split winch of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the operation platform of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Split winch, 1-1. Connection structure, 1-2. Winch frame, 1-3. Hydraulic power head, 1-4. Connecting shaft, 1-5. Steel cable drum, 1-6. Release bolt, 1-7. Release steel cable, 1-8. Brake hole, 2. Sampler body, 3. Second release oil cylinder, 4. Check valve piston, 4-1. Steel cable connection pin, 4-2. Frame, 4-3. Upper sealing ring, 4-4. Check valve seat, 4-5. Piston body, 4-6. Lower sealing ring, 4-7. O-ring, 4-8. Check valve core, 4-9. Spring, 5. Sampling tube, 6. Sampling cutter head, 7. Sample tube, 8. Operation platform, 8-1. Main platform, 8-2. Railings, 8-3. Right platform, 8-4. Left platform, 8-5. Lower bracket, 8-6. Safety cover plate, 8-7. Platform connection plate, 8-8. Clamping oil cylinder maintenance cover plate, 8-9. Fixed slot hole cover plate, 9. Main body turning bracket, 10. Drain pipe, 11. First release oil cylinder, 12. First clamping mechanism, 13. Second clamping mechanism, 14. Clamping jaw, 15. Attachment mounting hole, 16. Clamping jaw fixing bolt, 17. Oil cylinder rod, 18. Oil cylinder, 19. Lower slide rail, 20. Fixed hole, 21. Upper slide rail, 22. Telescopic rod, 23. Connector, 24. Inner plug body, 25. Inflatable pipe connector, 26. Inflatable O-ring, 27. Plug pin. Specific implementation mode

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes.

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment discloses an efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler, including a split winch 1, a sampler body 2, an operation platform 8, a sampling tube 5, and a sampling cutter head 6. The upper part of the split winch 1 is connected to the main cable below the equipment, and the lower part is connected to the sampler body 2 through a first release oil cylinder 11. A drain pipe 10 is fixedly installed below the sampler body 2. The sampling tube 5 is connected to the end of the drain pipe 10 far from the sampler body. A sample tube 7 is arranged inside the sampling tube 5, and the outer diameter of the sample tube 7 matches the inner diameter of the sampling tube 5. The release steel cable of the split winch 1 passes through the sampler body and the drain pipe and is connected to the check valve piston 4. The check valve piston 4 extends into the sampling tube. The bottom of the sampling tube is connected to the sampling cutter head 6. The operation platform 8 is installed on the deck, and a clamping mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the operation platform 8.

[0031] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the top of the one-way piston 4 is connected to the release cable of the split winch through the cable connection pin 4-1. Upper and lower sealing rings 4-3 and 4-6 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends on the side of the one-way piston 4. A drain port is arranged above the one-way piston 4, and a circular notch is arranged at the bottom. A one-way valve core 4-8 is arranged inside the circular notch. A one-way valve seat 4-4 is arranged inside the one-way piston. A spring 4-9 is arranged between the one-way valve core 4-8 and the one-way valve seat 4-4. The one-way piston includes a frame 4-2 and a piston body 4-5. The frame 4-2 is installed above the piston body 4-5. An upper groove for installing the upper sealing ring is arranged at the upper end on the side of the piston body 4-5, and a lower groove for installing the lower sealing ring is arranged at the lower end. A one-way valve seat 4-4 is arranged inside the piston body 7. The two ends of the spring 4-9 respectively abut against the one-way valve core and the one-way valve seat.

[0032] In this embodiment, both the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring are Y-shaped sealing rings. An O-ring 4-7 is arranged at the intersection of the periphery of the one-way valve core and the circular notch.

[0033] The one-way piston in this embodiment is mostly used in the sediment sampling process in the marine field and usually operates on a scientific research ship. When the vertical sediment sampling tube has been inserted into the water, the one-way piston is connected to the release cable through the cable connection pin and lowered closely along the inner wall of the sample tube from the top of the sediment sampling tube. When the one-way piston touches the water surface, under the upward extrusion of the water pressure, the spring is compressed and shortened, and the one-way valve core moves upward to open the circular notch at the bottom of the piston body. At this time, during the falling process of the piston body, the seawater in the sediment sampling tube will be continuously discharged. When the piston body falls to the bottom of the sediment sampling tube, the water pressure is not enough to deform the spring, and at this time the one-way valve core closes again. The O-ring arranged between the one-way valve core and the circular notch at the bottom of the piston body plays a sealing role, and the seawater in the tube is blocked by the piston body. The Y-shaped sealing rings arranged on the upper and lower parts of the piston body are closely attached to the tube wall of the sample tube to prevent seawater from leaking along the tube wall. When the sampling tube is released, the position of the piston remains unchanged and makes a relative movement with the sampling tube. At this time, a negative pressure environment is formed inside the tube to draw up the sediment sample.

[0034] In this embodiment, after sampling, when the sample in the sample tube is not full, it is blocked by the plugging inner plug. As Figure 4 shown, the plugging inner plug includes a telescopic rod 22 and an inner plug body 24. The telescopic rod 22 is connected to the inner plug body 24 through a connector 23. An air charging pipe joint 25 is arranged on the upper surface of the inner plug body 24. An air charging O-ring 26 is arranged at the middle position outside the inner plug body. The air charging O-ring 26 is connected to the air charging pipe joint 25 through an air charging pipe. The air charging pipe joint 25 is connected to an air charging pump.

[0035] The plugging inner plug is used for the sediment sample collection and sealing process in the marine field, usually applied when operating on a scientific research vessel. When in use, first connect the telescopic rod to the inner plug body, lower the inner plug body into the sample tube of the vertical sediment sampling tube through the telescopic rod, keep the inner plug perpendicular to the inner wall of the sample tube, lower it to the sediment surface, and make the bottom surface of the inner plug body fit with the sample surface. Connect the portable air pump to the air charging pipe joint, inflate until the inflatable O-ring fits tightly with the pipe wall, so that the inner plug cannot move. Remove the portable air pump, close the air charging pipe, rotate the telescopic rod to separate it from the inner plug, and take out the telescopic rod. At this time, the sample in the sample tube is completely sealed and can be freely inverted.

[0036] As Figure 5 shown, the split winch includes a winch frame 1-2, a hydraulic power head 1-3, and a steel cable drum 1-5. The steel cable drum 1-5 is arranged inside the winch frame 1-2. A release steel cable 1-7 is wound around the steel cable drum 1-5. One end of the steel cable drum 1-5 is connected to the winch frame 1-2 through a bearing, and the other end is connected to a connecting shaft 1-4. The connecting shaft 1-4 extends outside the winch frame 1-2 and is connected to the hydraulic power head 1-3. The hydraulic power head 1-3 is connected to a hydraulic power station. A brake unit is also arranged on the winch frame 1-2. The upper part of the winch frame is connected to the main cable connector of the sampler through a connecting structure 1-1. The brake unit includes a drum flange and a brake bolt 1-6. The drum flange is located on both sides of the steel cable drum and is fixedly connected to the steel cable drum. Brake holes 1-8 are arranged on both the drum flange and the winch frame. The brake bolt is detachably installed in the brake hole.

[0037] According to the operation requirements, draw out the required length of the steel cable, keep the remaining steel cable on the steel cable drum, align the brake holes on the drum flange and the winch frame, insert the brake bolt to fix it, so that the steel cable drum cannot rotate. The bottom connecting part of the winch frame and the main body are fixed by a pin. The main cable for lowering the equipment is connected to it through the connecting structure on the winch frame and slowly lifted and lowered into the water. When releasing, control the loosening of the pin through the PC end of the deck unit, and the main body is released. After recovering to the deck, clamp the split winch of this embodiment by the clamping mechanism, engage the hydraulic power head with the connecting shaft, and screw in the fixing bolt to fix the hydraulic power head and the winch as a whole. At this time, remove the brake bolt, drive the hydraulic power head to drive the steel cable drum to rotate and lift the steel cable to recover the main body. When the main body equipment is recovered to an appropriate height, fix the drum with the brake bolt again and remove the hydraulic power head. Lift the winch and the connected equipment to the operation platform through the main cable, clamp the equipment, insert a pin through the pin hole to connect the winch and the main body, and complete the operation task of the winch.

[0038] As Figure 2As shown, the clamping mechanism includes a first clamping mechanism 12 and a second clamping mechanism 13. The first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are arranged opposite to each other. Both the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism include an upper slide rail 21, a lower slide rail 19, a cylinder 18, and a clamping mouth 14. The head of the clamping mouth 14 is a semicircular arc structure. The clamping mouth of the first clamping mechanism is complementary to the clamping mouth of the second clamping mechanism. The upper slide rail can slide along the lower slide rail. The lower slide rail is fixed on the working platform through a fixing hole 20. The clamping mouth is fixed to one end of the upper slide rail through a clamping mouth fixing bolt 16. The end of the cylinder away from the cylinder rod 17 is fixed to the working platform. The head of the cylinder rod is connected to the tail of the clamping mouth. The head of the cylinder rod 17 is provided with a fixing hole, the tail of the clamping mouth is provided with a notch for the cylinder rod head to be inserted, and a latch hole is provided on the side of the notch. The clamping mouth and the cylinder rod are fixed by a latch 27. The clamping mouth is provided with an accessory mounting hole 15 for mounting a small-sized clamping mouth, and a matching clamping mechanism can be freely installed according to the clamping target of different sizes. In this embodiment, there are 4 accessory mounting holes 15. The cross-section of the lower slide rail is an I-shaped structure that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The bottom of the upper slide rail is provided with a groove that is adapted to the I-shaped structure of the lower slide rail. Complementary slots are respectively provided on both sides of the clamping mouth head relative to the upper slide rail. The clamping mouth slot of the first clamping mechanism is complementary to the clamping mouth slot of the second clamping mechanism. An installation groove is provided on the upper surface of the upper slide rail, and the installation groove matches the diameter of the oil cylinder, so that the oil cylinder and the oil cylinder rod can fall into the groove.

[0039] The working principle of the clamping mechanism is as follows: fix the lower rail to the deck platform through the lower rail fixing bolts, pass the upper rail through the head of the lower rail, and match the two through the I-shaped structure and groove connection. Align the jaw fixing screw holes of the clamp mouth with the jaw fixing screw holes of the upper rail, and connect and fix the two through the jaw fixing bolts. Insert the head of the cylinder rod into the notch at the tail of the clamp mouth, align the fixing hole with the pin hole at the tail of the clamp mouth, insert the pin to connect the clamp mouth, so that the cylinder, the clamp mouth, and the upper rail are connected as a whole. Under the drive of the cylinder, the cylinder rod is extended and retracted, and the three move synchronously relative to the lower rail. When the clamp mouth is in the fully open state, the two clamp mouths are pulled into the deck platform through the cylinder rod; when the clamp mouth is in the maximum holding state, the cylinder rod extends to make the clamp mouth move closer to the center to hold the sampling tube; when the clamp mouth is in the minimum holding state, the cylinder rod continues to extend, and the upper and lower surfaces of the two clamp mouths fit together and merge. If it is necessary to hold targets of different shapes (square, triangle, polygon) and sizes (smaller), matching special-shaped clamp mouths can be set through the accessory mounting holes on the clamp mouths to reduce the clamp mouths. The accessories are fixed with bolts and can be quickly disassembled and assembled.

[0040] In this embodiment, a second release oil cylinder 3 is provided at the connection position between the bottom of the drain pipe and the sampling pipe. When the sampling pipe is inserted into the sediment and is difficult to pull out, exceeding the maximum bearing range of the working platform, the release cable, and the main cable, forcibly retracting the sampling pipe may cause the cable to break and the entire sampler to sink into the water, resulting in a waste of resources and an increase in scientific research costs. Therefore, a second release oil cylinder is provided at the connection between the sampler body and the sampling pipe. When the maximum bearing capacity is exceeded, the deck PC terminal on the research vessel can control the second release oil cylinder 3 to work and retract the sampler body. A main body turning bracket 9 is provided on the working platform 8.

[0041] As Figure 6 shown, the operation platform includes a main platform 8-1, a right platform 8-3, a left platform 8-4, a railing 8-2, a lower bracket 8-5, and a clamping mechanism. The main platform is rectangular, with a semi-elliptical safety cover plate 8-6 at the head; a flat plate extends around the bottom surface of the main platform on both sides and at the tail; a cylindrical socket is provided at the upper edge of the left platform, which matches the bottom cylinder of the protective railing; multiple fixed hole upper cover plates are provided on the upper part of the main platform, and a right fixed hole is provided on the cover plate; a main platform fixed slot hole is provided at the bottom of the main platform, and a fixed slot hole cover plate 8-9 is installed above the fixed slot hole; a cylindrical socket is provided at the upper edge of the right platform, which matches the bottom cylinder of the protective railing; a left and right platform connection hole is provided at the head of the left platform, which matches the left and right platform connecting plate 8-7; a left and right platform connection hole is provided at the head of the right platform, which matches the left and right platform connecting plate; a clamping oil cylinder maintenance cover plate 8-8 is provided on the upper part of the left platform; a clamping oil cylinder maintenance cover plate is provided on the upper part of the right platform; the clamping oil cylinder maintenance cover plate is elliptical, with long strips extending at both the upper and lower ends, and cover plate holes are provided; the left and right platform connecting plates are provided with connecting holes, which match the left and right platform connection holes at the heads of the left and right platforms; the lower bracket is provided with multiple platform connection holes for connecting the left and right platforms to the main platform. The number of protective railings is five. Four protective railings have protruding cylinders at the bottom, and one protective railing is a closable door that can be installed on the protective railing through a bolt.

[0042] The sampling process of this embodiment is as follows: The operation process includes four stages: pre-assembly, release, recovery, and ejection. Based on multi-beam sounding and shallow stratum profile data, the scientific research ship is driven to the target position, the one-way piston is pulled out from the main body, the cable length of the appropriate length is calculated, and the cable is pulled out from the drain pipe; the installation of the operation platform, the main platform, the left and right platforms, the oil cylinder, the protective railing, etc. are assembled; then the inner wall of the sampling pipe and the outer wall of the sample pipe are sprayed with water, and the sample pipe is pushed into the sampling pipe; the sampling cutter head is lifted so that the cutter head is placed vertically, the sampling pipe equipped with the sample pipe is lifted, the bottom of the sampling pipe is inserted into the head of the cutter head, and the positioning protrusion of the sampling pipe is engaged with the positioning groove of the cutter head. After aligning the connecting screw holes, the connecting screws are screwed in to complete the connection between the sampling pipe and the sampling cutter head; connecting mechanisms are provided at both the head and the tail of the two sample pipes, and they are engaged through the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove. The outer pipes of the sampling pipes are sleeved at the joints and connected by screws to complete the connection of the two sampling pipes.

[0043] The sampling pipe equipped with the cutter head is lifted to the clamping mechanism. At this time, the clamp jaws are in the open state driven by the oil cylinder. The sampling pipe is lowered to the upper clamping position. The clamping position is set at the upper part of the sampling pipe and is composed of multiple rectangular iron blocks welded to the sampling pipe. The clamp jaws are tightened. After the crane is released, the sampling pipe can be fixed under the action of the clamping mechanism; the second sampling pipe equipped with the sample pipe is lifted above the first sampling pipe. The positioning groove at the head of the first sampling pipe is engaged with the positioning protrusion at the bottom of the second sampling pipe. The connecting threaded holes are aligned, and the connecting screws are screwed in to connect and fix the first and second sampling pipes; the remaining sampling pipes are connected in sequence according to the required quantity of the operation; after the connection is completed, the main body is lifted, and the main body rises slowly. The drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the main body, and the bottom of the drain pipe is located above the sampling pipe. The positioning groove at the top of the sampling pipe is engaged with the positioning protrusion at the bottom of the drain pipe. The connecting threaded holes are aligned, and the connecting screws are screwed in to connect the main body, the drain pipe, the sampling pipe, and the cutter head into a whole, and a marking line is drawn on the surface of the sampling pipe in the direction of the bow of the scientific research ship.

[0044] After the overall mechanism is lifted, it is lowered until the altimeter just enters the water and hovers. Observe whether the water depth, declination, and azimuth of the altimeter displayed on the PC side of the deck unit are accurate; after confirming that it is correct, slowly lower the equipment and release the communication cable so that it enters the water along with the equipment; hover at the predetermined depth and observe whether the water depth, declination, and azimuth of the altimeter displayed on the PC side of the deck unit are normal; after confirming that it is correct, fix the deck communication cable, clear the operation personnel on the deck, and control the release of the equipment through the PC side of the deck unit. Before the release, the main body and the split winch have been connected through the fixed pin. The release is to drive the pin to pull out from the winch through the first release oil cylinder, and the main body is disconnected from the winch; after clicking the release, the fixed pin connecting the winch and the main body is opened, and the main body, the drain pipe, the sampling pipe, and the cutter head are inserted into the sediment under the action of gravity; control the switch of the hydraulically controllable cutter head by the hydraulic cylinder through the deck PC side, and close the blades in the cutter head to seal the sample.

[0045] After the sampling is completed, lift the equipment by the geological cable. When the winch emerges from the water, hover it, open the clamp jaws so that the bottom of the winch falls on the clamp jaws, and drive the oil cylinder to clamp the clamp jaws; install the hydraulic power head, which is clamped to the side of the winch. After screwing in the connecting screws, under the drive of the hydraulic pressure, the winch starts to lift the main body. When the main body approaches the winch, align the brake holes of the drum flange and the winch frame, insert the brake bolts. At this time, record the angle between the scribed line on the surface of the sampling pipe and the bow of the ship, and the sediment sample with the azimuth angle can be obtained; fix the steel cable drum and lock the winch, and then remove the hydraulic power head; lift the equipment until the clamping position on the main body fits with the clamp jaws, drive the oil cylinder to clamp the main body, manually lower the winch to the top of the main body, and drive the oil cylinder to insert the fixed pin between the winch and the main body to connect the winch and the main body; lift the main body until the top of the sampling pipe fits with the clamp jaws, and drive the oil cylinder to clamp the sampling pipe; disassemble the connection mechanism between the sampling pipe and the main body to separate the main body from the sampling pipe, and then lift the main body, align the bottom of the main body with the tail groove of the flipping bracket, and slowly lower the main body to the operation platform after clamping.

[0046] Install the sampling pipe lifting device, lift the uppermost sampling pipe until the top of the second sampling pipe fits with the clamp jaws; judge the length of the sample in the current pipe. If the pipe is full, put in the end plug. If the pipe is not full, the blocking inner plug needs to be put in through the telescopic rod, and pressurize through the air pump to block the sample to prevent it from slipping and collapsing when it is laid down; if there is a sample, an anti-slip device needs to be installed when disassembling the sampling pipe joint bolts. Then use the electric screw to screw the support plate in the anti-slip device between the sampling pipes until the support plate fits with the sampling pipes to prevent the sample from slipping during the lifting of the sampling pipes. If there is no sample, directly remove the connecting bolts and lift it to the deck and lay it down; after lifting and laying down all the sampling pipes in sequence, install the ejection device at the head of the sampling pipe with a sample; drive the oil cylinder to push out the sample pipe, and put the blocking covers on both ends of the sample pipe; thus, a sampling process is completed.

[0047] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the sampling cutter head and the sampling pipe connection structure are both prior arts, which are the structures corresponding to the application numbers 2021229626470 and 2021114478930 respectively, and will not be elaborated here. The anti-slip devices and ejection devices with the application numbers 2021229813655 and 2021230085790 are applicable to sampling pipes with small diameters, and the structures will not be elaborated here; for sampling pipes with larger diameters, the anti-slip device adopts the electric insertion method. The specific method is that one end of the insertion plate is fixedly connected to the slider, the slider is sleeved on the screw rod, and the screw rod is driven to rotate by the motor, and then the insertion plate is driven to insert; the ejection device for sampling pipes with larger diameters ejects the sample pipe through the hydraulic cylinder.

[0048] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient vertical columnar sediment sampler for collection and release, characterized in that: It includes a split winch, a sampler body, an operation platform, a sampling pipe, and a sampling cutter head. The upper part of the split winch is connected to the main cable under the equipment, and the lower part is connected to the sampler body through a first release mechanism. A drain pipe is fixedly installed under the sampler body. The sampling pipe is connected to one end of the drain pipe away from the sampler body. A sample pipe is arranged inside the sampling pipe. The release cable of the split winch passes through the sampler body and the drain pipe and is connected to a one-way piston. The one-way piston extends into the sampling pipe. The bottom of the sampling pipe is connected to the sampling cutter head. The operation platform is installed on the deck, and a clamping mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the operation platform; The split winch includes a winch frame, a hydraulic power head, and a cable drum. The cable drum is arranged inside the winch frame. A release cable is wound around the cable drum. One end of the cable drum is connected to the winch frame through a bearing, and the other end is connected to a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft extends outside the winch frame and is connected to the hydraulic power head. The hydraulic power head is connected to a hydraulic power station. A brake unit is also arranged on the winch frame. The upper part of the winch frame is connected to the sampler main cable connector through a connecting structure, and the bottom of the winch frame is connected to the sampler body through a connecting piece; The clamping mechanism includes a first clamping mechanism and a second clamping mechanism. The first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are arranged opposite to each other. Both the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism include an upper slide rail, a lower slide rail, an oil cylinder, and a clamping jaw. The head of the clamping jaw is a semi-circular structure. The clamping jaws of the first clamping mechanism and the second clamping mechanism are complementary. The upper slide rail can slide along the lower slide rail. The lower slide rail is fixed on the operation platform. The clamping jaw is fixed at one end of the upper slide rail. One end of the oil cylinder away from the oil cylinder rod is fixed on the operation platform, and the head of the oil cylinder rod is connected to the tail of the clamping jaw.

2. The high-efficiency vertical columnar sediment sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way piston includes a frame and a piston body. The frame is located above the piston body. Sealing rings are arranged at both the upper and lower ends of the side of the piston body. A drain port is arranged above the piston body, a circular notch is arranged at the bottom, and a one-way valve seat is arranged inside. A one-way valve core is arranged at the circular notch, and a spring is arranged between the one-way valve core and the one-way valve seat.

3. The high-efficiency vertical columnar sediment sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake unit includes a drum flange and a brake bolt. The drum flange is located on both sides of the cable drum and is fixedly connected to the cable drum. Brake holes are arranged on both the drum flange and the winch frame, and the brake bolt is detachably installed in the brake holes.

4. An efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that, After sampling is completed, the sample pipe is blocked by a plugging inner plug.

5. The high-efficiency vertical sampling device for columnar sediment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plugging inner plug includes a telescopic rod and an inner plug body. The telescopic rod is connected to the inner plug body through a connecting head. An inflation pipe joint is arranged on the upper surface of the inner plug body. An inflation O-ring is arranged at the middle position outside the inner plug body. The inflation O-ring is connected to the inflation pipe joint through an inflation pipe, and the inflation pipe joint is connected to an inflation pump.

6. The high-efficiency vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second release mechanism is arranged at the connection position between the bottom of the drain pipe and the sampling pipe, and a main body turning bracket is arranged on the operation platform.

7. A sampling method of an efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It includes four stages: pre-assembly, release, recovery, and ejection, and specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on multi-beam sounding and shallow stratum profile data, drive the research vessel to the target position, pull out the one-way piston from the main body, calculate the cable length of a suitable length, pull out the cable from the drain pipe, and insert the sample tube into the sampling tube. Step 2: Pre-assembly: Lift the sampling cutter head and place it vertically on the operation platform. Then lift the sampling tube equipped with the sample tube so that the bottom of the sampling tube is connected to the top of the cutter head. Lift the sampling tube equipped with the cutter head and lower it to the clamping mechanism on the operation platform. Drive the oil cylinder to open the clamping mechanism and lower the sampling tube to the upper clamping position, clamp the clamping mechanism to fix the sampling tube. According to the required quantity, assemble the sampling tubes and then place them into the one-way piston and connect them to the sampler main body. Step 3: Release: Lift the sampler main body assembled in Step 2 and slowly lower it underwater. Hover when reaching the predetermined height. The first release mechanism releases the sampler main body. After the release and sampling are completed, the sampling cutter head closes to block the obtained sediment. Step 4: Recovery: Recover the equipment to the operation platform. Clamp the split winch with the clamping mechanism, drive the hydraulic device to make the split winch lift the main body. After lifting the main body to an appropriate position, lift the winch, clamp the main body with the clamping mechanism, press down the winch and fix it on the main body. Disassemble the main body and the sampling tube. Lift the main body and slowly lower the bottom of the main body into the groove of the flipping bracket. After clamping, slowly lay down the main body until the main body is parallel and completely placed on the flipping bracket. Step 5: Ejection: Lift the first sampling tube, clamp the second sampling tube with the clamping mechanism, disassemble the connection mechanism of the two sampling tubes, install the anti-slip device and insert the release plate. Lift the first sampling tube and place it on the deck. Sequentially lift the remaining sampling tubes and place them on the deck. Connect the ejection device to the sampling tube and hydraulically drive to eject the sample tube in the sampling tube.

8. The sampling method of an efficient vertical retractable columnar sediment sampler according to claim 7, characterized in that, In Step 5 when lifting the sampling tube, judge the length of the sample in the current sampling tube. If the tube is full, place the end plug; if not full, place the plugging inner plug to block the sample and prevent it from collapsing when laid down.

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