A loading structure for a large-aperture dual-offset antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a loading structure for a large-aperture dual-offset antenna, belonging to the technical field of vehicle-mounted antennas. The present invention proposes a loading structure form in which the antenna reflector and the antenna pedestal are arranged along the vehicle width direction, the high-power transmitter is arranged on one side of the antenna pedestal, and the antenna reflector covers the high-power transmitter during transportation, meeting the loading and transportation requirements of large-aperture antennas and high-power transmitters. And an equipment cabin is arranged below the antenna reflector to place the high-power transmitter and its auxiliary equipment, providing guarantee for its environmental adaptability. The structural form involved in this invention has certain reference significance for the loading design of large-aperture antennas and large-volume high-power transmitters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted antennas, and mainly relates to the structural installation form of a large-aperture dual-offset antenna and its ancillary equipment on a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A vehicle-mounted antenna is a mobile antenna system with a vehicle platform as the installation basis, and has the advantages of flexible transfer, high battlefield survival rate, and flexible layout compared with a fixed-station antenna. However, when designing a vehicle-mounted antenna, the height and width requirements for transportation must be met to satisfy the road transportation conditions. A conventional equipment vehicle, in addition to the antenna system, also includes supporting antenna control equipment, high-power transmitter equipment, transmitter control equipment, transmitter liquid cooler equipment, equipment cabin, and air-conditioning equipment. The antenna is an out-of-cabin device, and the rest are in-cabin devices. The transmitter is placed in the cabin and is connected to the antenna through a waveguide.

[0003] Conventional equipment vehicles usually arrange the antenna and the transmitter in sequence along the vehicle length direction on the vehicle axis, or place the antenna and the transmitter along the height direction, with the antenna placed above the transmitter. In the first method, as the antenna aperture increases and the transmitter power increases, this installation method cannot meet the vehicle transportation length requirements. Moreover, this installation method requires a waveguide connection of 2 - 4 meters, and the waveguide transmission loss is too large, affecting the transmission power and reducing the system performance index. In the second method, as the antenna aperture increases, the weight of the antenna increases, and the antenna system and the transmitter cannot be arranged in the height dimension. The transmitter cabin cannot support the weight of the antenna, and cannot meet the installation requirements.

[0004] Therefore, how to balance the transportation requirements of the antenna vehicle and reduce the transmission loss of the transmission link has become a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a structural form for installing a large-aperture dual-offset antenna, which not only meets the transportation requirements but also can reduce the transmission loss between the transmitter and the antenna.

[0006] A structural form for installing a large-aperture dual-offset antenna includes an equipment cabin, a cabin air conditioner, a offset antenna, a transmitter, and ancillary equipment;

[0007] The offset antenna is located behind the equipment cabin, the transmitter and ancillary equipment are arranged inside the equipment cabin, and the cabin air conditioner is located on the top of the equipment cabin; the height of the equipment cabin is lower than the height when the main plane of the dual-offset antenna pitches to be parallel to the ground;

[0008] The offset antenna includes two parts: an antenna reflector and an antenna pedestal. The antenna reflector and the antenna pedestal are respectively arranged on both sides of the vehicle central axis; the transmitter and the antenna pedestal are on the same side of the vehicle central axis,

[0009] The height of the equipment cabin is lower than the height when the main surface of the dual-offset antenna pitches to be parallel to the ground.

[0010] Furthermore, the auxiliary equipment includes an antenna control device, a control device for a high-power transmitter, and a liquid cooling device for the transmitter.

[0011] Furthermore, the equipment cabin is provided with a maintenance operation door and a boarding ladder hook at the location where the auxiliary equipment is installed.

[0012] 1. Furthermore, the offset antenna includes an azimuth drive mechanism, an elevation drive mechanism, an elevation rotation mechanism, and a feeder system; the elevation drive mechanism is connected to the top of the azimuth drive mechanism, and the elevation rotation mechanism is connected to one side of the azimuth drive mechanism;

[0013] The azimuth drive mechanism includes an azimuth base, an azimuth drive, an azimuth angle measurement structure, and a wire winding assembly; the elevation drive mechanism includes an elevation box; the elevation box is connected to the azimuth base by a bearing, the azimuth drive includes an azimuth motor and a reducer combination, an azimuth turntable, and an azimuth bearing; the azimuth turntable is connected to the azimuth base by the azimuth bearing, and the azimuth motor and reducer combination drive the elevation box to rotate along the azimuth axis through the azimuth turntable; the azimuth angle measurement structure is coaxially installed with the azimuth axis, one end of the azimuth angle measurement structure is fixed on the azimuth base, and the other end faces the elevation box;

[0014] The elevation drive mechanism further includes an elevation motor and a reducer combination, an elevation angle measurement structure, an elevation turntable, and an elevation bearing; the elevation turntable is connected to the elevation box by the elevation bearing, and the elevation turntable and the azimuth turntable are perpendicular to each other; the elevation motor and reducer combination is fixed in the elevation box and drives the elevation rotation mechanism to rotate through the elevation turntable; the elevation angle measurement structure is coaxially installed with the elevation axis, one end of it is installed on the elevation box, and the other end faces the elevation rotation box;

[0015] The elevation rotation mechanism includes an elevation rotation box, an antenna counterweight, and a feeder sleeve; among them, the upper part of the elevation rotation box is connected to the antenna main surface device through the main surface interface, the lower part is connected to the antenna counterweight, and the upper oblique part is connected to the feeder sleeve of the antenna. A feeder horn and a sub-reflector device are installed on the feeder sleeve; the antenna counterweight includes a fixed part and a detachable part, and the weight of the antenna counterweight can be adjusted according to the weight of the main and sub-reflector loads of the antenna;

[0016] The feeder system includes an azimuth rotary joint, an elevation rotary joint, and a transmission waveguide; the transmission waveguide starts from the transmitter installed on the vehicle-mounted platform and is connected to the feeder horn through the azimuth rotary joint and the elevation rotary joint in sequence.

[0017] Furthermore, the azimuth angle measurement mechanism is a resolver.

[0018] Further, the winding component includes a slip ring. The stator of the slip ring is fixed on the azimuth base, and the rotor of the slip ring is toggled by a fork arranged on the pitching box.

[0019] Further, a feeder vacuum pumping device or a feeder gas filling device is arranged in the pitching box, and the corresponding air extraction port or gas filling port is arranged at the waveguide at the top end of the pitching box to prevent electrical performance loss.

[0020] Further, a pitching locking device is arranged on the pitching box; the pitching locking device includes a fixed ring arranged on the pitching rotating box; the fixed rings are arranged circumferentially around the pitching axis; a lead screw assembly and a lead screw motor for driving the lead screw assembly are arranged inside the pitching box; a pin shaft is fixed on the nut of the lead screw assembly; in the locked state of the pitching locking device, the outer end of the pin shaft is located inside the fixed ring.

[0021] Further, the main surface of the antenna is in a folded form.

[0022] Further, it further includes a chassis, and leveling legs are arranged at the front, middle, and rear of the chassis; the leveling legs are electrically adjustable or manually adjustable.

[0023] The beneficial effects produced by the present invention adopting the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0024] Conventional equipment vehicles usually arrange the antenna and the transmitter in sequence along the vehicle length direction on the vehicle axis, or place the antenna and the transmitter in the height direction, with the antenna placed above the transmitter. The above two vehicle loading methods are only suitable for low-power transmitters and small-aperture, low-weight antennas, and are not applicable to the vehicle loading design of large-aperture antennas and high-power transmitters.

[0025] The present invention proposes a vehicle loading structure form in which the antenna reflector and the antenna pedestal are arranged along the vehicle width direction, the high-power transmitter is arranged on one side of the antenna pedestal, and the antenna reflector covers the high-power transmitter during transportation, meeting the vehicle loading and transportation requirements of large-aperture antennas and high-power transmitters. And an equipment cabin is arranged below the antenna reflector to place the high-power transmitter and its auxiliary equipment, providing guarantee for its environmental adaptability.

[0026] Different from traditional antenna equipment vehicles, the structure form involved in this invention has certain reference significance for the vehicle loading design of large-aperture antennas and large-volume high-power transmitters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the vehicle loading of the system structure of the invention embodiment.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram after hiding the antenna system in the invention embodiment.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a top view of the carrying platform of the invention embodiment.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a top view of the carrying platform of the invention embodiment after hiding the equipment cabin.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a top view of the antenna system of the invention embodiment.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the offset antenna pedestal in the implementation of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 the front view of the antenna pedestal of

[0034] Figure 8 It is Figure 6 the schematic structural diagram of the azimuth rotation part in

[0035] Figure 9 It is Figure 6 the schematic diagram of the azimuth and elevation drives in

[0036] Figure 10 It is Figure 6 the schematic structural diagram of the elevation rotation part in

[0037] Figure 11 It is Figure 6 the schematic diagram of the right front of the antenna pedestal in

[0038] In the figure: 1. Antenna system, 2. Self-propelled chassis, 3. Equipment cabin, 4. Equipment cabin door, 5. Vehicle width central axis, 6. Antenna mounting base, 7. Roof-mounted air conditioner, 8. High-power transmitter, 9. Auxiliary equipment, 10. Antenna pedestal, 11. Antenna reflector, 12. Sub-reflector device, 101. Azimuth drive mechanism, 102. Elevation drive mechanism, 103. Elevation rotation mechanism, 104. Feeder system, 105. Azimuth drive, 106. Elevation drive, 107. Azimuth base, 108. Azimuth angle measuring mechanism, 109. Slip ring, 1010. Azimuth turntable bearing, 1011. Drive motor, 1012. Planetary reducer, 1013. Elevation box, 1014. Elevation angle measuring mechanism, 1015. Elevation turntable bearing, 1016. Elevation rotation box, 1017. Antenna counterweight, 1018. Feed horn sleeve, 1019. Antenna head mounting surface, 1021. Azimuth rotary joint, 1022. Elevation rotary joint, 1023. Horn, 1024. High-power transmitter, 1025. Elevation locking device, 1026. Lifting lug, 1027. Air extraction and inflation port, 1028. Elevation upper limit switch, 1029. Elevation lower limit switch, 1030. Elevation hard mechanical limit. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 5 , a loading structure form of a large-aperture dual-offset antenna device, including a chassis, an equipment cabin, a cabin air conditioner, an antenna system, a high-power transmitter and auxiliary equipment. The auxiliary equipment includes antenna control equipment, control equipment for the high-power transmitter, liquid cooling equipment for the transmitter, etc.

[0040] The height of the equipment cabin is lower than the height when the main plane of the dual-offset antenna pitches to be parallel to the ground. The antenna is arranged at the rear of the equipment cabin. The high-power transmitter and its auxiliary equipment are fixed inside the cabin, and the cabin air conditioner is arranged on the top of the equipment cabin.

[0041] The large-aperture dual-offset antenna includes two parts: an antenna reflector and an antenna pedestal. The two parts are respectively arranged on both sides of the vehicle's central axis. The antenna pedestal and the transmitter equipment are arranged on the same side of the central axis. Based on this, the loading layout of the main equipment is realized, and the waveguide of the transmitter can enter the antenna equipment by using a shorter waveguide.

[0042] If the tracking accuracy requirement of the antenna system is high, leveling legs can be added at the front, middle and rear of the chassis. The legs can be electric or manual.

[0043] If there is surplus loading space, the top-mounted air conditioner can be changed to a split air conditioner, which is arranged in front of the cabin. The split air conditioner includes an indoor unit and an outdoor unit. Under the condition of space allowance, the split air conditioner can provide a larger cooling and heating power compared with the top-mounted air conditioner.

[0044] If the main plane diameter of the antenna is larger than the width of the transport vehicle and the collection size of the sub-reflector affects the overall vehicle height, to meet the transport requirements, the main plane of the antenna is designed as a folding antenna, and a folding mechanism is added to the sub-reflector of the antenna to reduce the collection height.

[0045] To reduce the number of operations entering the cabin and facilitate operations outside the cabin, the equipment cabin is designed with a maintenance operation door and a boarding ladder hook at the place where the auxiliary equipment is installed.

[0046] The cabin can be increased with electromagnetic shielding measures to avoid external electromagnetic radiation interfering with the equipment.

[0047] When the antenna pitches to the transport state, a locking mechanism for transportation is added between the frontmost part of the main plane of the antenna and the chassis support of the transport vehicle.

[0048] The load-bearing chassis can be a self-propelled chassis or a trailer chassis.

[0049] Reference Figures 6 to 11, this antenna pedestal includes, arranged in sequence from bottom to top and from left to right: an azimuth drive mechanism for carrying the entire system, an elevation drive mechanism for carrying the azimuth and elevation rotation of the antenna, an elevation rotation mechanism for carrying the main and sub-reflectors of the antenna and the horn, etc., and a feeder system for realizing microwave transmission. Among them, the elevation drive mechanism is placed directly on the azimuth drive mechanism, and the elevation rotation mechanism is arranged on one side of the elevation drive mechanism. The three boxes are all connected through turntable bearings to realize the rotary motion of the mechanism.

[0050] The described azimuth drive mechanism includes an azimuth base, an azimuth drive, an azimuth angle measurement mechanism, and a wire winding mechanism. The azimuth base provides support for the entire system, is formed by welding ribs inside a cylinder rolled from steel plates, and the upper flange surface of the base reserves the installation and positioning stop surface for the azimuth turntable bearing, and the connection surface for the azimuth drive is machined on the flange surface. The turntable bearing uses an internal-toothed crossed roller bearing, and the azimuth drive is a combination of a motor and a planetary reducer, which is inserted upside down into the azimuth base and meshes with the bearing.

[0051] The described elevation mechanism includes an elevation box, an elevation drive, and an elevation angle measurement mechanism. The elevation box is an intermediate connecting part between the azimuth mechanism and the elevation rotation mechanism. The elevation box is a box-shaped structure formed by welding ribs with steel plates, and includes the connection horizontal plane of the azimuth turntable bearing and the connection vertical plane of the elevation turntable bearing, and the two are arranged in an L shape. The connection surface for the elevation drive is machined on the vertical surface. The elevation bearing uses an external-toothed crossed roller bearing, and the elevation drive is a combination of a motor and a planetary reducer, which meshes with the outside of the bearing.

[0052] The described elevation rotation mechanism includes an elevation rotation box, an antenna counterweight, a feed source sleeve, and a main and sub-reflector connection interface. The elevation rotation box is a box body formed by welding ribs with steel plates. Its upper part is connected to the main reflector device of the antenna, its lower part is connected to the counterweight supporting the main and sub-reflectors of the antenna, and its upper oblique part is connected to the feed source sleeve of the antenna. A feed source horn and a sub-reflector device are installed on the feed source sleeve. The counterweight includes a fixed part and a detachable part, and the weight of the counterweight can be adjusted according to the weight of the load of the main and sub-reflectors of the antenna. The weight of a single detachable counterweight block does not exceed 20 kg, which can meet the assembly by a single person.

[0053] The described feeder system includes an azimuth rotary joint, an elevation rotary joint, several waveguides, and a transmission horn. The transmission waveguide starts from a transmitter installed on the vehicle platform and is connected to the feed source horn through the azimuth rotary joint and the elevation rotary joint in sequence.

[0054] The azimuth drive and the azimuth turntable bearing, and the elevation drive and the elevation turntable bearing both adopt a dual-motor backlash elimination structure to improve the system positioning accuracy and the stiffness of the transmission chain.

[0055] The azimuth angle measuring mechanism is installed coaxially with the azimuth axis of the antenna base, one end of which is fixed on the basis of the azimuth base and the other end is connected to the basis of the pitch box; the pitch angle measuring mechanism is installed coaxially with the pitch axis of the antenna base, one end of which is installed on the basis of the pitch box and the other end is installed on the basis of the pitch rotation box.

[0056] The azimuth winding mechanism can use a slip ring to achieve 360° infinite rotation in azimuth. The slip ring stator is fixed on the azimuth base, and the rotor is moved by the shift fork on the pitch box.

[0057] In order to reduce the number of azimuth slip rings and reduce the size of the slip rings, the servo equipment of the pitch drive part can be placed in the pitch box. The servo equipment is packaged in an independent chassis and fixed on the side wall of the pitch box.

[0058] A pitch locking device can be arranged at the pitch box, and the locking device can lock the pitch rotation of the antenna, and can achieve stable locking of the antenna at a certain pitch angle.

[0059] Lifting ears for hoisting the entire antenna are reserved on the pitch box and pitch rotation box for use in the subsequent loading of the antenna onto a vehicle.

[0060] If the microwave power transmitted in the waveguide feeder is relatively large, in order to prevent the loss of electrical performance, a feeder vacuum pumping device or a feeder gas filling device may be arranged in the pitch box. The gas extraction port or the gas filling port may be arranged at the waveguide at the upper end of the pitch angle measuring device.

[0061] The antenna pitch limit switch can be arranged in the pitch box. The switch can be in the form of induction or contact. The interval angle of the limit switch is determined according to the antenna pitch rotation range. The antenna hard mechanical limit is arranged on the pitch rotation box and the pitch box as a safety protection for the antenna after passing the upper and lower power limit.

[0062] This antenna base can be used not only as a vehicle-mounted station antenna base, but also as a fixed station antenna base.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted structure for a large-aperture dual-offset antenna, characterized in that, Including equipment shelter, shelter air conditioner, bias antenna, transmitter and auxiliary equipment; The offset antenna is located at the rear of the equipment cabin, the transmitter and auxiliary equipment are arranged inside the equipment cabin, and the cabin air conditioner is located on the top of the equipment cabin; the height of the equipment cabin is lower than the height when the main surface of the dual offset antenna is pitched to be parallel to the ground; The offset antenna includes an antenna reflector and an antenna mount, and the antenna reflector and the antenna mount are respectively arranged on both sides of the center axis of the vehicle; The transmitter and antenna mount are located on the same side of the vehicle’s centerline; The auxiliary equipment includes antenna control equipment, high-power transmitter control equipment, and transmitter liquid cooling equipment; The equipment shelter is provided with a maintenance operation door and a cabin ladder hook at the location where the auxiliary equipment is installed; The offset antenna comprises an azimuth driving mechanism, a pitch driving mechanism, a pitch rotation mechanism and a feeder system; the pitch driving mechanism is connected to the top of the azimuth driving mechanism, and the pitch rotation mechanism is connected to one side of the azimuth driving mechanism; The azimuth drive mechanism includes an azimuth base, an azimuth drive, an azimuth angle measurement structure and a winding assembly; the pitch drive mechanism includes a pitch box; the pitch box is connected to the azimuth base bearing, and the azimuth drive includes an azimuth motor and reducer combination, an azimuth turntable and an azimuth bearing; the azimuth turntable is connected to the azimuth base through the azimuth bearing, and the azimuth motor and reducer combination drives the pitch box to rotate along the azimuth axis through the azimuth turntable; the azimuth angle measurement structure is coaxially installed with the azimuth axis, one end of the azimuth angle measurement structure is fixed on the azimuth base, and the other end faces the pitch box; The pitch drive mechanism further includes a pitch motor and a reducer combination, a pitch angle measurement structure, a pitch turntable and a pitch bearing; the pitch turntable is connected to the pitch box through the pitch bearing, and the pitch turntable and the azimuth turntable are vertically arranged; the pitch motor and the reducer combination are fixedly arranged in the pitch box, and the pitch rotation mechanism is driven to rotate through the pitch turntable; the pitch angle measurement structure is coaxially installed with the pitch axis, one end of which is installed on the pitch box, and the other end is directly opposite to the pitch rotation box; The pitch rotation mechanism includes a pitch rotation box, an antenna counterweight and a feed sleeve; wherein the upper part of the pitch rotation box is connected to the antenna main surface device through the main surface interface, the lower part is connected to the antenna counterweight, and the oblique upper part is connected to the antenna feed sleeve, and the feed horn and the secondary surface device are installed on the feed sleeve; the antenna counterweight includes a fixed part and a detachable part, and the weight of the antenna counterweight can be adjusted according to the weight of the antenna main and secondary surface loads; The feeder system includes an azimuth rotation joint, a pitch rotation joint, and a transmission waveguide; the transmission waveguide starts from a transmitter installed on a vehicle-mounted platform and is connected to a feed horn through the azimuth rotation joint and the pitch rotation joint in sequence.

2. The vehicle loading structure of a large-aperture dual-offset antenna according to claim 1, wherein The azimuth angle measurement structure is a rotary transformer.

3. The vehicle-mounted structure of a large-aperture dual-offset antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The winding assembly comprises a slip ring, a stator of the slip ring is fixed on an azimuth base, and a rotor of the slip ring is shifted by a shift fork arranged on a pitch box.

4. A vehicle-mounted structure of a large-aperture dual-offset antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, A feeder vacuum pumping device or a feeder inflation device is arranged in the pitch box, and the corresponding air suction port or inflation port is arranged at the waveguide at the top of the pitch box to prevent electrical performance loss.

5. A loading structure of a large-aperture dual-offset antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pitching lock device is provided on the pitching box; the pitching lock device includes a fixed ring provided on the pitching rotating box; the fixed rings are arranged circumferentially around the pitching axis; a lead screw assembly and a lead screw motor for driving the lead screw assembly are provided inside the pitching box; a pin shaft is fixedly provided on the nut of the lead screw assembly; in the locked state of the pitching lock device, the outer end of the pin shaft is located inside the fixed ring.

6. The vehicle loading structure of a large-aperture dual-offset antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main antenna surface device is in a folding form.

7. A loading structure of a large-aperture dual-offset antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a chassis, and leveling legs are provided at the front, middle, and rear of the chassis; the leveling legs are adjusted electrically or manually.

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