Pesticide spreader for citrus trees, and method of preparation and use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a pesticide spreading agent for citrus trees and a preparation method and application thereof. The pesticide spreading agent for citrus trees disclosed by the application is composed of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water, wherein the mass ratio of the monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, the mineral oil, the sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and the water is 60:14:6:20. The pesticide spreading agent for citrus trees can make the contact angle of the pesticide liquid droplets and the citrus leaf surface smaller, change the surface tension, achieve the maximum coverage, effectively improve the adhesion, wetting and spreading capacity of the liquid droplets on the citrus leaf, enable the pesticide to be effectively deposited and covered on the citrus leaf, reduce the pesticide liquid loss and the droplet drift, and improve the utilization rate of the pesticide. The pesticide spreading agent for citrus trees has the characteristics of low cost, environmental friendliness, excellent performance, simple manufacturing process and good application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a pesticide spreading agent for citrus trees and a preparation method and application thereof in the field of plant protection. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is the world's largest citrus producer, and the citrus industry is a pillar industry for farmers in southern China to get rid of poverty and become rich, and is also one of the main fruit tree industries in Hainan. Hainan citrus fruits have distinct characteristics, with Qiongzhong green oranges, Chengmai Fu oranges, green oranges, green pears, and fragrant lemon in the market with strong competitiveness, enjoying high reputation in the domestic and international markets. Qiongzhong green oranges are the first geographical indication product in Hainan Province. The fruit has a green and shiny color after ripening, overturning the traditional concept of "orange red and orange yellow". The flesh is red and juicy, soft, fragrant, and has a high residue rate. The soluble solids can reach 15%, and the acidity and sweetness are moderate. It is an extremely characteristic orange. In recent years, the Hainan citrus industry has developed rapidly, and the planting area has reached 182,700 mu by the end of 2019, and is still rapidly expanding. Hainan is located in a hot region, and the high temperature and high humidity climate is also very conducive to the breeding and spread of pests, diseases and weeds. The rich biological resources can provide hosts and breeding places for harmful organisms without interruption, and the continuous agricultural production also has a higher average annual use of pesticides than in temperate regions.

[0003] Domestic and foreign research shows that the development of functional adjuvants is the key to improving the utilization rate of pesticides. Japan has improved the utilization rate of pesticides by developing a series of green spreading agents for fruit trees. As an automated and efficient modern pesticide application technology and method, plant protection drones can solve the labor shortage requirements in orchards. However, the concentration of pesticide sprayed by drones is usually several dozen to several hundred times higher than that sprayed by conventional ground equipment. During and after spraying, it is easy to cause pesticide damage and air pollution and health damage to humans and animals in the surrounding area. Therefore, the development and application of spreading agents to achieve pesticide reduction and efficiency increase for green orange trees is an urgent problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to significantly reduce the contact angle and surface tension of pesticide solution or foliar fertilizer droplets on the surface of citrus leaves, thereby improving the efficacy of pesticides or fertilizers to reduce the use of pesticides and foliar fertilizers and reduce environmental pollution.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a spreading agent for citrus trees, the active ingredient (effective ingredient) of which is monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan (polysorbate-21 or Tween 20).

[0006] In the above-mentioned spreading agent for citrus trees, the mass content of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan is 60%.

[0007] The citrus glossing agent can further contain auxiliary materials, which can be humectants, wetting agents, antifoaming agents, preservatives, and / or water.

[0008] In actual production, if the production amount of the citrus glossing agent is small, the antifoaming agent can be omitted, and if the production amount of the citrus glossing agent is large, the antifoaming agent can be used.

[0009] In actual production, if the storage time of the citrus glossing agent is short, the preservative can be omitted.

[0010] The citrus glossing agent can be specifically composed of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and water.

[0011] The mass ratio of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and water in the citrus glossing agent can be 60:14:6:20.

[0012] The citrus glossing agent can be prepared according to the preparation method of the citrus glossing agent.

[0013] The preparation method of the citrus glossing agent comprises: mixing monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and water to perform homogenization, so as to obtain the citrus glossing agent, wherein the mass ratio of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, and water is 60:14:6:20.

[0014] In the preparation method, the homogenization can be colloid mill homogenization; in the colloid mill homogenization, the gap between the stator and the rotor is 2 microns, the rotor linear speed is 1000-1500 rpm, 1500-2000 rpm, or 2000-2500 rpm, the homogenization time is 1-2 minutes, and the homogenized liquid is placed at 35°C or below for 1-2 hours to obtain the citrus glossing agent.

[0015] The application of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan in the preparation of a citrus glossing agent also falls within the protection scope of the present application.

[0016] The application of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan in improving the efficacy of a medicament on citrus and / or improving the fertilizer efficiency of a foliar fertilizer on citrus, wherein the medicament is a medicament capable of being applied to citrus by spraying, also falls within the protection scope of the present application.

[0017] The application of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan in preventing and treating citrus pests and / or diseases also falls within the protection scope of the present application.

[0018] The application also provides a method for improving the efficacy of a medicament on citrus or the fertilizer efficiency of a foliar fertilizer on citrus, which comprises formulating the medicament and / or foliar fertilizer into a spray liquid, adding the citrus spreading agent into the spray liquid to obtain a spray liquid containing the citrus spreading agent, and spraying the spray liquid containing the citrus spreading agent on the citrus again to improve the efficacy of the medicament on the citrus or the fertilizer efficiency of the foliar fertilizer on the citrus; the medicament is a medicament that can be sprayed on the citrus by spraying.

[0019] The mass content of the citrus spreading agent in the spray liquid containing the citrus spreading agent can be 0.025-1% (such as 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%).

[0020] In the above method, the medicament can be a fungicide, an insecticide and / or a plant growth regulator.

[0021] In an embodiment of the application, the medicament is 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules (Jiangsu Long Deng Chemical Co., Ltd.).

[0022] In the application, the monododecyl acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan can be a product of Kawaken (Shanghai) Trade Co., Ltd., and its product catalog number is RHEODOL TW-L106.

[0023] The mineral oil can be a product of the French company Total Fluids.

[0024] The sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate can be a product of Shanghai Kawaken Chemical Co., Ltd., and its product catalog number is PELEX NBL.

[0025] The citrus can be orange, mandarin, tangerine, kumquat, grapefruit, and so on. Specifically, the citrus can be citrus (such as Zhongjiang citrus), Chengmai Fu orange, green orange, green grapefruit, and so on.

[0026] The citrus spreading agent of the application can make the contact angle between the pesticide liquid droplets and the citrus leaf surface smaller, change the surface tension, achieve the maximum coverage, effectively improve the adhesion, wetting and spreading capacity of the liquid droplets on the citrus leaf, make the pesticide effectively deposit and cover on the citrus leaf, reduce the pesticide liquid loss and the droplet drift, and improve the pesticide utilization rate. The citrus spreading agent of the application also has the characteristics of low cost and environmental friendliness. The citrus spreading agent of the application is suitable for the spraying of various pesticides on citrus trees, including the spraying of insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, foliar fertilizers and so on. The citrus spreading agent of the application can be used in combination with the aerial plant protection operation and the conventional ground spraying of the pesticide, has the characteristics of safety, environmental protection, excellent performance and simple manufacturing process, and has a good application prospect.

[0027] The application is developed under the support of scientific research projects such as the Key Research and Development Plan Project of Hainan Province "Research and Development and Application of Green Pesticide Spreading Agent for Citrus (Green Orange) Trees" (Project No. ZDYF2022XDNY201) and the "Unveil the Flag and Hang the Flag" project of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences "Targeted High-efficiency Deposition and Drift Control Technology of Aerial Pesticide Application for Tropical Fruit Trees (Citrus, Mango and Lychee)" (Project No. 1630042022011) and other scientific research projects. The special spreading agent can be added to the diluted pesticide for spraying application.

[0028] The application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The examples given are only to illustrate the application, not to limit the scope of the application. The examples provided below can serve as a guide for further improvement by those skilled in the art, and do not in any way constitute a limitation on the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The conditions of 20 microliters of droplets on green orange leaves at 15 minutes for x100, x200, x400 times water dilution of citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw, x1000, x2000, x4000 times water dilution.

[0030] Figure 2 The conditions of 20 microliters of droplets on green orange leaves at 15 minutes for x100, x200, x400 times water dilution of control spreading agent IV-A4, x1000, x2000, x4000 times water dilution.

[0031] Figure 3 The conditions of 20 microliters of droplets on green orange leaves at 15 minutes for x100, x200, x400 times water dilution of control spreading agent IV-A4, x1000, x2000, x4000 times water dilution.

[0032] Figure 4 The conditions of 20 microliters of droplets on green orange leaves at 15 minutes for x100, x200, x400 times water dilution of control spreading agent IV-A4, x1000, x2000, x4000 times water dilution.

[0033] Figure 5 The arrangement point schematic diagram of citrus tree canopy mist droplet test card. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The experimental methods in the following examples are all conventional methods, and are carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product instructions, unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, instruments, etc. used in the following examples are commercially available, unless otherwise specified. In the quantitative tests in the following examples, at least three repeated experiments are set up, and the results are averaged.

[0035] Monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan (polysorbate-21 or Tween 20): product of Kawaken (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd., with its trade catalog number RHEODOL TW-L106. Acid Value 1.50 mgKOH / g, Saponification Value 105.1 mgKOH / g, Hydroxyl Value 241.7 mgKOH / g, water content 2.7%, Color (Gardner) 7, content identification: 100%, CAS number: 9005-64-5.

[0036] Mineral oil: product of France Total Fluids Co., with pesticide registration certificate number PD20096069; total active ingredient content 97%.

[0037] Sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate: product of Shanghai Kawaken Chemical Co., Ltd., with its trade catalog number PELEX NBL. Color (Gardner) 5, pH 7.8, volatile matter 64.1, alcohol insoluble matter 0.6, petroleum ether-soluble matter 0.5, active matter 34.8, content identification: 35%, CAS number: non-public 7732-18-5.

[0038] 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules: Jiangsu Long Deng Chemical Co., Ltd. (pesticide registration certificate number: PD20101225; registered crop: citrus trees; control object: aphids), active ingredient content 70%.

[0039] Example 1, preparation of a citrus agent

[0040] The inventor of the present application screened monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan from a large number of existing fatty acid ester substances as the active ingredient of a citrus agent, and then formulated a citrus agent by adding excipients such as humectants, wetting agents, antifoaming agents, preservatives, and water.

[0041] 1. Preparation of a citrus agent

[0042] The citrus gloss agent is composed of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water, wherein the mass ratio of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water is 60:14:6:20.

[0043] The preparation method of the citrus gloss agent is as follows: monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is injected into a colloid mill to perform homogenization under the following conditions to obtain a homogenized solution: the stator and rotor gap of the colloid mill is 2 microns, the rotor linear speed is 1500 rpm, and the homogenization time is 2 minutes. The homogenized solution is placed at 35°C for 1-2 hours to obtain the citrus gloss agent, which is recorded as IV-A4Kw.

[0044] 2. Preparation of the control gloss agent

[0045] The control gloss agent IV-A4 and the control gloss agent IV-Kw are prepared according to the method of step 1:

[0046] The control gloss agent IV-A4 is composed of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water, wherein the mass ratio of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water is 74:6:20.

[0047] The preparation method of the control gloss agent IV-A4 is as follows: monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is injected into a colloid mill to perform homogenization under the following conditions to obtain a homogenized solution: the stator and rotor gap of the colloid mill is 2 microns, the rotor linear speed is 1500 rpm, and the homogenization time is 2 minutes. The homogenized solution is placed at 35°C for 1-2 hours to obtain the control gloss agent IV-A4.

[0048] The control gloss agent IV-Kw is composed of mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water, and the mass ratio of mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water is 74:6:20.

[0049] The preparation method of the control gloss agent IV-Kw is as follows: mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution; the mixed solution is injected into a colloid mill to perform homogenization under the following conditions to obtain a homogenized solution: the stator and rotor gap of the colloid mill is 2 microns, the rotor linear speed is 1500 rpm, and the homogenization time is 2 minutes. The homogenized solution is placed at 35°C for 1-2 hours to obtain the control gloss agent IV-Kw.

[0050] Example 2, gloss detection of the gloss agent of Example 1

[0051] This example evaluates the gloss of the gloss agent of Example 1, and the spreading, adhesion and wetting functions of the gloss agent are evaluated by contact angle and surface tension.

[0052] Leaf collection: The collection site was the Hainan Wenchang Experimental Base of the Institute of Environment and Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, and the collection time was from January to March in 2021 and 2022. The representative leaves with dark green color and size were collected from the middle of the green orange (Qiongzhong green orange, formerly known as "Hongjiang orange") branch, and the test was completed on the same day of collection.

[0053] 1. Detection of contact angle

[0054] The preparation method of each test liquid is as follows:

[0055] Dilution of citrus gloss agent IV-A4Kw: The citrus gloss agent IV-A4Kw of Example 1 was diluted 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000, 4000 times with distilled water, respectively, to obtain citrus gloss agent diluents with names IV-A4Kw-100, IV-A4Kw-200, IV-A4Kw-400, IV-A4Kw-1000, IV-A4Kw-2000, IV-A4Kw-4000, respectively. The mass content of citrus gloss agent IV-A4Kw in each diluent was 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1%, 0.05%, 0.025%, respectively;

[0056] Dilution of control gloss agent IV-A4: The control gloss agent IV-A4 of Example 1 was diluted 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000, 4000 times with distilled water, respectively, to obtain control gloss agent diluents with names IV-A4-100, IV-A4-200, IV-A4-400, IV-A4-1000, IV-A4-2000, IV-A4-4000, respectively. The mass content of control gloss agent IV-A4 in each diluent was 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1%, 0.05%, 0.025%, respectively;

[0057] Dilution of control gloss agent IV-Kw: The control gloss agent IV-Kw of Example 1 was diluted 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000, 4000 times with distilled water, respectively, to obtain control gloss agent diluents with names IV-Kw-100, IV-Kw-200, IV-Kw-400, IV-Kw-1000, IV-Kw-2000, IV-Kw-4000, respectively. The mass content of control gloss agent IV-Kw in each diluent was 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1%, 0.05%, 0.025%, respectively.

[0058] Adopting The contact angle of each of the above-mentioned test solutions was measured by using a DSA100S contact angle measuring instrument (Kruskal, Germany) by the sessile drop method. The steps were as follows: representative leaves with greenish black color were collected, and the leaves were randomly divided into groups and pasted on glass slides and placed on a loading platform, two leaves on each glass slide, one leaf with the front side up and the other leaf with the back side up; 2 μl of the test solution was automatically dropped on the surface of the leaves by the instrument, the wetting morphology of the droplet on the leaves was collected, and the sampling time was 1 min, 5 min, 10 min and 15 min. The obtained photos were processed by using the DSA100S program software, the droplet profile was fitted, and the contact angle of the droplet on the leaves was obtained. The same amount of leaves treated with each of the test solutions was used, and distilled water was used instead of the test solution as a control. Each treatment was repeated three times, and the average value was obtained. The liquid sprayed on the leaves was different in each treatment, and the other operations were completely the same. The laboratory temperature was 27±1℃, and the humidity was 60-70%.

[0059] The contact angle measurement results of the 100-fold, 200-fold and 400-fold water dilutions of the citrus spreading agent on the leaves at 1 min, 5 min, 10 min and 15 min are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The contact angle of the dilution of the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw on the front side or back side of the green orange leaves was significantly smaller than that of the control spreading agent IV-Kw and the control spreading agent IV-A4, indicating that the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw was more beneficial to spreading on the front side and back side of the leaves and had good spreading effect. The differences between each spreading agent and distilled water were significant.

[0060] The contact angle measurement results of the 1000-fold, 2000-fold and 4000-fold water dilutions of the citrus spreading agent on the leaves at 1 min, 5 min, 10 min and 15 min are shown in Tables 4, 5 and 6, respectively. The contact angle of the dilution of the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw on the front side or back side of the green orange leaves was significantly smaller than that of the control spreading agent IV-Kw and the control spreading agent IV-A4, indicating that the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw was more beneficial to spreading on the front side and back side of the leaves and had good spreading effect. Except for the 4000-fold water dilution on the back side of the leaves for 15 min, the differences between each spreading agent and distilled water were significant.

[0061] The contact angles of the 15 min dilutions of the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw, the control spreading agent IV-A4 and the control spreading agent IV-Kw on the leaves are shown in Table 7. Figures 1-3

[0062] Table 1, Contact angle measurement results of the 100-fold water dilution of the citrus spreading agent on the leaves

[0063]

[0064] ​Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the level of P <0.05 by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0065] Table 2, the contact angle measurement results of 200 times water dilution of citrus gloss agent on leaf

[0066]

[0067] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the level of P <0.05 by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0068] Table 3, the contact angle measurement results of 400 times water dilution of citrus gloss agent on leaf

[0069]

[0070] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the level of P <0.05 by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0071] Table 4, the contact angle measurement results of 1000 times water dilution of citrus gloss agent on leaf

[0072]

[0073] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the level of P <0.05 by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0074] Table 5, the contact angle measurement results of 2000 times water dilution of citrus gloss agent on leaf

[0075]

[0076] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the level of P <0.05 by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0077] Table 6, the contact angle measurement results of 4000 times water dilution of citrus gloss agent on leaf

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the level of P <0.05 by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0081] 2, the detection of surface tension

[0082] The citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw of Example 1, the control spreading agent IV-A4, and IV-Kw were each diluted 100, 200, 400, 1000, 2000, and 4000 times with distilled water to obtain dilutions of different dilution multiples of each spreading agent as the test liquid.

[0083] The surface tension of water and the dilutions of each spreading agent at different dilution multiples was detected using a platinum plate method with a full-automatic tensiometer (model JK99F, produced by Shanghai Zhongchen Digital Technology Equipment Co., Ltd.).

[0084] The surface tension of the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw was significantly lower than that of the control spreading agent IV-A4; regardless of the dilution multiple, the surface tension of IV-A4Kw was significantly smaller than that of the control spreading agent IV-Kw and water. The surface tension at the same dilution multiple was as follows: IV-A4Kw < IV-A4 < IV-Kw < water. This shows that the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw of Example 1 has good spreading effect.

[0085] Table 7, Determination of Surface Tension (mN / m) of Citrus Spreading Agent Water Dilutions

[0086]

[0087] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters indicates that the difference is significant at the P < 0.05 level by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letter.

[0088] Example 3, Detection of the Effect of the Spreading Agent of Example 1 on Pesticide Spreading

[0089] This example evaluates the effect of the spreading agent of Example 1 on pesticide spreading, and the spreading, adhesion, and wetting functions of the spreading agent are evaluated by contact angle and surface tension.

[0090] Leaf collection: The collection site was the Hainan Wenchang Test Base of the Institute of Environment and Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, and the collection time was from January to March in 2021 and 2022. Representative leaves with dark green color and size in the middle of the green orange (Jiongzhen green orange, formerly known as "Hongjiang orange") tree branches were collected, and the test was completed on the same day of collection.

[0091] 1. Detection of the Effect on Pesticide Contact Angle

[0092] The 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granule was diluted 500 times with distilled water, the citrus spreading agent dilutions of IV-A4Kw-100, IV-A4Kw-200, IV-A4Kw-400 prepared in step 1 of Example 2, the control spreading agent dilutions of IV-A4-100, IV-A4-200, IV-A4-400, the control spreading agent dilutions of IV-Kw-100, IV-Kw-200, IV-Kw-400, respectively, to obtain the following test solutions: imidacloprid + water, imidacloprid + A4Kw-100, imidacloprid + A4Kw-200, imidacloprid + A4Kw-400, imidacloprid + A4-100, imidacloprid + A4-200, imidacloprid + A4-400, imidacloprid + Kw-100, imidacloprid + Kw-200, imidacloprid + Kw-400. The contact angles of each test solution were determined according to the contact angle determination method in step 1 of Example 2, and the results are shown in Tables 8-10.

[0093] The 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granule was diluted 5000 times with distilled water, the citrus spreading agent dilutions of IV-A4Kw-1000, IV-A4Kw-2000, IV-A4Kw-4000 prepared in step 1 of Example 2, the control spreading agent dilutions of IV-A4-1000, IV-A4-2000, IV-A4-4000, the control spreading agent dilutions of IV-Kw-1000, IV-Kw-2000, IV-Kw-4000, respectively, to obtain the following test solutions: imidacloprid + water, imidacloprid + A4Kw-1000, imidacloprid + A4Kw-2000, imidacloprid + A4Kw-4000, imidacloprid + A4-1000, imidacloprid + A4-2000, imidacloprid + A4-4000, imidacloprid + Kw-1000, imidacloprid + Kw-2000, imidacloprid + Kw-4000. The contact angles of each test solution were determined according to the contact angle determination method in step 1 of Example 2, and the results are shown in Tables 11-13.

[0094] When the 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granule was diluted 500 times, the contact angles of the agent diluted with the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw on the green orange leaf front or leaf back were significantly smaller than those of the control spreading agents IV-A4 and IV-Kw, except for the 100 times diluted spreading agent on the leaf front for 15 minutes, as shown in Tables 8-10. This indicates that the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw is more conducive to the spreading of the solution on the leaf front and back, and has good spreading effect. The difference between each spreading agent and the control group (diluted 500 times with water) is significant.

[0095] Similarly, when 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules were diluted 5000 times, the contact angles of the agent diluted with citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw were significantly smaller than those of the control spreading agents IV-A4 and IV-Kw on the front or back of green orange leaves, Tables 11-13. This indicates that citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw is more conducive to the spreading of the liquid agent on the front and back of the leaves, and has a good spreading effect. The difference between each spreading agent and the control group (diluted 5000 times with water) was significant.

[0096] The results of the contact angle measurement of citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw on green orange leaves at 15 minutes are shown in Table 8. Figure 4

[0097] Table 8, Measurement results of the contact angle of citrus spreading agent diluted 500 times with 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules on leaves

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters indicates that the difference is significant at the P<0.05 level by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letter.

[0101] Table 9, Measurement results of the contact angle of citrus spreading agent diluted 500 times with 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules on leaves

[0102]

[0103] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters indicates that the difference is significant at the P<0.05 level by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letter.

[0104] Table 10, Measurement results of the contact angle of citrus spreading agent diluted 500 times with 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules on leaves

[0105]

[0106] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters indicates that the difference is significant at the P<0.05 level by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letter.

[0107] Table 11, Measurement results of the contact angle of citrus spreading agent diluted 5000 times with 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules on leaves

[0108]

[0109] ​Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the level of P < 0.05 by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0110] Table 12, the results of the determination of the contact angle of the 5000-fold dilution of the citrus spreading agent diluted 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules on the leaf

[0111]

[0112] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the level of P < 0.05 by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0113] Table 13, the results of the determination of the contact angle of the 5000-fold dilution of the citrus spreading agent diluted 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules on the leaf

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the level of P < 0.05 by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0117] 2. Detection of the influence on the surface tension of pesticides

[0118] The 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules were diluted 500 times by the citrus spreading agent diluent prepared in step 1 of Example 2, the control spreading agent diluent IV-A4-100, IV-A4-200, IV-A4-400, and the control spreading agent diluent IV-Kw-100, IV-Kw-200, IV-Kw-400, respectively, as the test pesticide solution. The 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules were diluted 500 times by distilled water as a control.

[0119] The 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules were diluted 5000 times by the citrus spreading agent diluent prepared in step 1 of Example 2, the control spreading agent diluent IV-A4-1000, IV-A4-2000, IV-A4-4000, and the control spreading agent diluent IV-Kw-1000, IV-Kw-2000, IV-Kw-4000, respectively, to obtain imidacloprid diluted by different spreading agents, as the test pesticide solution. The 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules were diluted 5000 times by distilled water as a control.

[0120] The surface tension of each test liquid was determined according to the surface tension determination method of step 2 in Example 2, and the results are shown in Table 14.

[0121] The results show that the surface tension of the diluted solution of imidacloprid and citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw is significantly lower than that of the control spreading agent IV-A4, the control spreading agent IV-Kw and water, whether the dilution is 500 times or 5000 times. The surface tension at the same dilution factor is as follows: (imidacloprid + A4Kw) < (imidacloprid + A4) < (imidacloprid + Kw) < (imidacloprid + water). This shows that the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw of Example 1 has good spreading effect.

[0122] Table 14, Determination results of surface tension (mN / m) of 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules diluted by different concentrations of citrus spreading agent

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] Note: The same column data marked with different lowercase letters means that the difference is significant at the P < 0.05 level by LSD test, and there is no significant difference marked with the same lowercase letters.

[0126] Example 4, Field flight test

[0127] This example studies the influence of the spreading agent of Example 1 on the droplet distribution of the electric four-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, provides reference for unmanned aerial vehicle spraying in the field, and provides basic data for formulating specifications for unmanned aerial vehicle spraying of citrus trees.

[0128] 1. Materials and methods

[0129] 1.1 Instruments and equipment

[0130] The electric four-rotor plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle of Jieli P20 was used, and the flight control system was in full automatic mode, which could fly at a constant height and speed. The spraying system was a centrifugal spraying system, and the nozzle was a centrifugal nozzle. The droplet test card (Chongqing Liu Liu Mountain Plant Protection Technology Co., Ltd.), AVM-01 type anemometer (Taiwan Taie Instrument Electronic Co., Ltd.), HTC-1 type hygrometer (Jiangsu Changzhou Xinwang Instrument Co., Ltd.), paper clip (Shenzhen Qixin Group Co., Ltd.), ES-60W scanner (Japan Seiko Epson Co., Ltd.).

[0131] 1.2 Test liquid

[0132] Water: water was used as a control;

[0133] 0.5% spreading agent: the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw of Example 1 was diluted 200 times with distilled water to obtain a 0.5% spreading agent dilution, the mass content of IV-A4Kw in the dilution being 0.5%;

[0134] imidacloprid + water: 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules were diluted 500 times with water;

[0135] imidacloprid + 0.5% spreading agent: 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules were diluted 500 times with the above-mentioned 0.5% spreading agent dilution.

[0136] 1.3 Test method

[0137] 1.3.1 Test site and test crop

[0138] The test was carried out on April 13, 2020 in Guangqing Farm, Tunchang County, Hainan Province, with green oranges (Jiongzhong green oranges, formerly known as "Hongjiang oranges") of 2-3 years old, tree height of 0.66-0.87 m, planting row distance of 5 m, and plant distance of 4 m.

[0139] The test was carried out on May 15, 2020 in Qiongzhong village, Hainan, with green oranges (Jiongzhong green oranges, formerly known as "Hongjiang oranges") of 4-5 years old, tree height of 1.23-1.45 m, planting row distance of 5 m, and plant distance of 4 m.

[0140] 1.3.2 Effect of citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw on the distribution of droplet deposition in the canopy layer of 2-3 year old citrus trees

[0141] The plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle flew along the crop rows, and each plot had an area of 24 x 30 m. At least 6 flight lines were set up in each plot, and a random tree was sampled in the middle of the two flight lines. Due to the small size of 2-3 year old citrus seedlings, 3 sampling points were set up in different directions of the citrus canopy layer, and 1 droplet test card was placed on the front of each leaf with a paper clip. The flight height was 1.5 m (the height from the top of the crop during the operation of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle), and the speed was 2.0 m / s. The tested liquid dosage per mu was 1.5 L. Four treatments were set up, namely water, 0.5% spreading agent, imidacloprid + water, and imidacloprid + 0.5% spreading agent. Each test was operated three times, a total of 12 times. Before each operation, the droplet test cards were arranged, and after the operation was completed, the droplet test cards were packed, sealed and stored, then scanned and processed with the image processing software Deposit Scan in the laboratory to obtain the droplet deposition density, droplet coverage rate and deposition amount per unit area. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 20.0.

[0142] 1.3.3 Effect of citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw on the distribution of droplet deposition and penetration in the canopy layer of 4-5 year old citrus trees

[0143] The plant protection unmanned plane flies along the crop row for operation, and the area of each plot is 24x30 m. At least 6 flight lines are set in each plot, and a random tree is sampled in the middle of the two flight lines. Since the citrus trees are 4-5 years old seedlings, the tree crown is more complex than that of 2-3 years old seedlings. The arrangement of the sampling points is shown in Figure 5 Four sampling points are set in the middle of the crown of each fruit tree in the east, west, south and north directions, and one droplet test card is placed on the front of each leaf with a curved needle. The droplet penetration sampling point is set: one droplet test card is placed on the front of the top and bottom leaves of the crown with a curved needle. The flight height is 2 m (the flight height refers to the height from the top of the crop during the operation of the plant protection unmanned plane), the speed is 2 m / s, and the liquid amount per mu of the liquid to be tested is 1.5 L. Four treatments are set in the test, which are water, 0.5% spreader, imidacloprid+water, and imidacloprid+0.5% spreader. Each test is operated three times, a total of 12 operations. Before each operation, the droplet test card is arranged, and after the operation is completed, the droplet test card is packed, sealed and stored, then scanned and processed with image processing software Deposit Scan to obtain the droplet deposition density, droplet coverage rate and deposition amount per unit area. The data is statistically analyzed using SPSS 20.0.

[0144] 2. Results and analysis

[0145] 2.1 The influence of spreader on the crown layer deposition distribution of 2-3 year old citrus trees

[0146] When the flight height is 2 m and the flight speed is 2 m / s, the influence of citrus spreader IV-A4Kw on the front of the crown layer of 2-3 year old citrus trees is shown in Table 15. It can be seen that when the plant protection unmanned plane sprays water, the droplet density, coverage rate and deposition amount with spreader are significantly higher than those without spreader. There is no significant difference in droplet density between the imidacloprid+water group and the imidacloprid+0.5% spreader group, but there is a significant difference in coverage rate and deposition amount, indicating that the addition of spreader can improve the coverage rate and deposition amount of the liquid.

[0147] Table 15. The influence of citrus spreader IV-A4Kw on the droplet deposition of 2-3 year old citrus trees

[0148] Test solution Droplet density (number / cm2 2 )]]> Coverage (%) Deposited amount (μL / cm 2 )]]> Water 44.16±2.91a 6.65±0.37a 0.1946±0.0075a 0.5% Spreading agent 54.62±3.99b 7.23±0.36b 0.2591±0.0186b Imidacloprid + water 39.34±12.64A 5.15±1.61A 0.1548±0.0490A Imidacloprid + 0.5% spreading agent 38.95±13.39A 7.57±1.12B 0.2563±0.0556B

[0149] Note: The same column of lowercase letters represents the significant difference analysis between water and 0.5% spreader group. Different letters represent significant difference (P<0.05). The same column of capital letters represents the significant difference analysis between imidacloprid+water and imidacloprid+0.5% spreader. Different letters represent significant difference (P<0.05), and the same letter represents no significant difference.

[0150] 2.2 The effect of spreading agent on the distribution and penetration of citrus tree canopy mist deposition of 4-5 years old

[0151] The effect of citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw on the distribution and penetration of citrus tree canopy mist deposition of 4-5 years old at a flight height of 2 m and a flight speed of 2 m / s is shown in Table 16 and Table 17. As shown in Table 16, the droplet density, coverage and deposition of the 0.5% spreading agent group were significantly higher than the water control group, and the droplet density, coverage and deposition of the imidacloprid + 0.5% spreading agent group were significantly higher than the group without adding spreading agent. This indicates that citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw can increase the droplet density, coverage and deposition of citrus canopy. As shown in Table 17, the droplet distribution of the top layer of citrus showed that the droplet density, coverage and deposition of the top layer of citrus canopy with spreading agent were significantly higher than the group without adding spreading agent, and the droplet distribution of the bottom layer of citrus showed that the droplet density, coverage and deposition of the bottom layer of citrus canopy with spreading agent were significantly higher than the group without adding spreading agent.

[0152] Table 16, the effect of citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw on the distribution of 4-5 year old citrus tree canopy mist deposition

[0153] Test solution Droplet density (number / cm2 2 )]]> Coverage (%) Deposited amount (μL / cm 2 )]]> Water 27.13±7.84a 1.51±0.27a 0.0442±0.0064a 0.5% Spreading agent 75.37±11.03b 9.27±0.82b 0.2952±0.0441b Imidacloprid + water 77.68±1.74A 10.57±0.40A 0.3326±0.0261A Imidacloprid + 0.5% spreading agent Test solution Coverage (%) Water 0.5% Spreading agent Imidacloprid + water Imidacloprid + 0.5% spreading agent 96.82±12.96B 14.29±0.97B 0.4333±0.0620B

[0154] Note: The same column of lowercase letters represents the significant difference analysis between water and 0.5% spreading agent group, and different letters represent significant difference (P<0.05); the same column of capital letters represents the significance analysis between imidacloprid + water and imidacloprid + 0.5% spreading agent, and different letters represent significant difference (P<0.05).

[0155] Table 17, the effect of citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw on the penetration of 4-5 year old citrus tree canopy mist

[0156]

[0157] Note: The same column of lowercase letters represents the significant difference analysis between the top or bottom layer of the canopy water and 0.5% spreading agent group, and different letters represent significant difference (P<0.05); the same column of capital letters represents the significance analysis between the top or bottom layer of the canopy imidacloprid + water and imidacloprid + 0.5% spreading agent, and different letters represent significant difference (P<0.05).

[0158] 3. Conclusion

[0159] When the flight height is 2 m and the flight speed is 2 m / s, the spray droplet density, coverage rate and deposition amount of the 2-3 year old citrus tree crown layer sprayed with the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle and added with 0.5% spreading agent are significantly higher than those of the group without 0.5% spreading agent; the coverage rate and deposition amount of the imidacloprid+water group and the imidacloprid+0.5% spreading agent group are significantly different, while the spray droplet density is not significantly different, indicating that the addition of the spreading agent can improve the coverage rate and deposition amount of the pesticide solution and improve the utilization rate of the pesticide.

[0160] When the flight height is 2 m and the flight speed is 2 m / s, the spray droplet density, coverage rate and deposition amount of the 2-3 year old citrus tree crown layer sprayed with the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle and added with 0.5% spreading agent are significantly higher than those of the group without 0.5% spreading agent; the coverage rate and deposition amount of the imidacloprid+water group and the imidacloprid+0.5% spreading agent group are significantly different, while the spray droplet density is not significantly different, indicating that the addition of the spreading agent can improve the coverage rate and deposition amount of the pesticide solution and improve the utilization rate of the pesticide.

[0161] The above experiments show that the citrus spreading agent IV-A4Kw of Example 1 can improve the contact angle of the pesticide solution droplet with the leaf surface, reduce the surface tension, improve the spreading, adhesion and wetting function of the pesticide spraying droplet on the leaf surface, achieve the best coverage, improve the utilization rate of the pesticide and reduce environmental pollution.

[0162] The above describes the present application in detail. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented in a wider range under the same parameters, concentrations and conditions without departing from the purpose and scope of the present application and without unnecessary experiments. Although the present application gives a special example, it should be understood that the present application can be further improved. In general, according to the principle of the present application, the present application intends to include any change, use or improvement of the present application, including changes made by conventional techniques known in the art, which deviates from the scope disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A citrus glossing agent, wherein an active ingredient is monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan; The citrus glossing agent is composed of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water. The mass ratio of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water in the citrus glossing agent is 60:14:6:

20.

2. The citrus agent according to claim 1, characterized by: The citrus glossing agent is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: mixing monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water to homogenize, to obtain the citrus glossing agent, wherein the mass ratio of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water is 60:14:6:

20.

3. The method of preparing a citrus glaze agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising: The citrus glossing agent is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: mixing monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water to homogenize, to obtain the citrus glossing agent, wherein the mass ratio of monododecanoic acid polyoxyethylene sorbitan, mineral oil, sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate and water is 60:14:6:

20.

4. A method for improving the efficacy of a pharmaceutical agent on citrus and / or improving the efficacy of a foliar fertilizer on citrus, characterized in that: The method comprises formulating a pesticide and / or a foliar fertilizer into a spray liquid, adding the citrus glossing agent of claim 1 or 2 into the spray liquid to obtain a spray liquid containing the citrus glossing agent, and spraying the spray liquid containing the citrus glossing agent onto citrus again to improve the pesticide efficacy of the pesticide on the citrus and / or improve the fertilizer efficacy of the foliar fertilizer on the citrus; the pesticide is a pesticide capable of being sprayed onto citrus.

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