An activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for pet nests and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of adsorption materials, specifically relating to an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for pet nests, its preparation method, and its application. This method uses polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber (ACF) as a raw material precursor and utilizes a composite modification method of ultrasonic pretreatment, microwave heat treatment, and ammonium chloride soaking to modify the activated carbon fiber to produce a pet nest activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element. The method is simple to operate, pollution-free, and low-cost. Through this green composite modification process, the activated carbon fiber's adsorption capacity for toxic and harmful gases such as SO2 is enhanced, resulting in an activated carbon fiber material with excellent adsorption properties suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of adsorption materials, and in particular relates to an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for a pet nest, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country's pet industry is experiencing rapid growth and expansion, with pets becoming a fixture in many families. Pets' daily activities, coupled with inadequate cleaning, can easily lead to odors and contamination. This is especially true for pet beds, which can easily retain odors after use. Currently, the most common solution involves placing activated carbon bags inside pet beds to absorb odors. However, activated carbon particles are relatively hard, causing discomfort to pets, and their adsorption capacity is limited, making them ineffective.

[0003] Activated carbon fiber has a soft texture and offers a greater sense of comfort than activated carbon. Its large surface area makes it more adsorbent of odor molecules like SO2, making it ideal for use as a pet bed adsorption material. Modification techniques can further enhance the adsorption performance of activated carbon fiber, but traditional modification methods, such as high-temperature heat treatment and soaking in strong acids or alkalis, are time-consuming, energy-intensive, and prone to producing difficult-to-treat wastewater, making industrial production more challenging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a pet bed activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element and its preparation method and application, specifically adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for preparing an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for a pet bed comprises the following steps:

[0006] First, polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fibers were placed in water and ultrasonicated for 20-40 minutes, then dried, and then placed in a microwave oven for 2-10 minutes. Finally, the polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fibers were placed in a 2%-10% ammonium chloride solution and soaked for 12-24 hours, washed with water until neutral, and dried to obtain a pet nest activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element.

[0007] The temperature of the medium fire in the above microwave oven is 60℃-70℃.

[0008] The present invention adopts a composite modification method of ultrasonic pre-treatment + medium-fire microwave treatment + ammonium chloride solution immersion treatment. After ultrasonication, the carbon of the ACF material will not be oxidized too violently under the condition of medium-fire heating in a simple microwave oven. The microwave heat treatment method used has low energy consumption, short time, and low requirements for instruments. Compared with other strong bases and strong acids, ammonium chloride solution is more environmentally friendly. It avoids the shortcomings of traditional heat treatment modification of ACF materials. Since the main raw material of ACF materials is carbon, it will be violently oxidized and burned to generate CO2 when the temperature is too high, and it needs to be modified under nitrogen protection. The present invention adopts a composite modification method, which also avoids the defects of using strong acids and strong bases in traditional methods that use separate modification reagents. At the same time, after the ACF material is subjected to ultrasonic pre-treatment + medium-fire microwave treatment + ammonium chloride solution immersion treatment, a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups and amino functional groups appear on the surface of the material. Therefore, compared with single modification, composite modification can further enhance the adsorption capacity of ACF for SO2.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic treatment lasts for 30 minutes. Ultrasonic treatment can further loosen the fiber bundles within the activated carbon fibers, preventing fiber agglomeration. This allows pollutants such as SO₂ to more easily reach the activated carbon fiber surface, thereby improving the ACF's adsorption capacity for SO₂. Furthermore, after ultrasonic loosening of the activated carbon fibers, subsequent soaking and microwave treatment can better target the ACF fiber surface, resulting in a more thorough modification.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the microwave treatment time was 8 minutes at medium heat. After microwave treatment, the ACF-SO2 adsorption capacity was significantly increased compared to the original sheet. The best modification effect was achieved by combining microwave treatment with an 8% NH4Cl immersion treatment for 8 minutes. After 8 minutes, the ACF-SO2 adsorption capacity decreased significantly.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fibers are arranged and immersed in an 8% ammonium chloride solution. The above-mentioned immersion time is 24 hours. After being immersed in NH4Cl, the adsorption capacity of ACF for SO2 will be significantly improved. However, as the concentration of NH4Cl further increases, the ACF-SO2 adsorption amount decreases significantly. Therefore, the higher the NH4Cl immersion concentration, the better. Among them, after immersion in 8% NH4Cl for 24 hours, the ACF-SO2 adsorption amount reached 7.402 mg / g, and the adsorption rate increased by 53.05%, which has the best composite modification effect.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, as a further preferred embodiment, an oven is used for drying in the above steps, the drying temperature is 120° C., and the drying time is 3 hours.

[0013] The present invention also provides an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for a pet nest, and the activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for a pet nest can be used in the preparation of sulfur dioxide adsorption materials.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for preparing an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for pet litters, using a composite treatment method of ultrasonic pretreatment, medium-heat microwave treatment, and ammonium chloride solution immersion. The simple microwave treatment method employed in the modification method has low energy consumption, a short time, and low requirements for the environment, thereby avoiding the high energy consumption, long time consumption, and safety hazards associated with high-temperature reactions in traditional heating modification methods. The modified ACF obtained through the composite modification method has a large specific surface area and good activity, which can further effectively enhance the adsorption capacity for odorous gases such as SO2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Shown is the graph of ACF-SO2 adsorption after medium-fire microwave modification treatment;

[0016] Figure 2 Shown is the graph of SO2 adsorption capacity of modified ACF-SO2 soaked in different concentrations of NH4Cl;

[0017] Figure 3 Shown is the ACF-SO2 adsorption amount graph under the composite treatment condition;

[0018] Figure 4 Shown are the FT-IR spectra of ACF materials prepared by different modification methods. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings to fully understand the purpose, scheme and effects of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] A method for preparing an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for a pet bed (ultrasound + microwave medium heat treatment), specifically comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Cut polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber cloth (ACF) into five pieces of 7.5 cm x 3 cm, weighing approximately 1 g each. Place the cut ACF into a 250 mL beaker filled with deionized water. Place the beaker in an ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes. Then, dry the ACF in an oven at 120°C for 2 hours.

[0023] Step 2: Place the ultrasonically treated ACF sheet into a 100 ml porcelain crucible, place it in a microwave oven, adjust to medium heat, and treat for 2 min, 4 min, 6 min, 8 min, and 10 min respectively to obtain 5 ACF sheets modified by low-temperature microwave treatment for different times.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] A method for preparing an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for a pet bed (ultrasound + ammonium chloride solution soaking), specifically comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Cut polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber cloth (hereinafter referred to as ACF) into five pieces of 7.5cm*3cm, each weighing about 1g. Place the cut ACF into a 250mL beaker filled with deionized water. Place the beaker in an ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes. Then, place the ACF in an oven at 120℃ for 2 hours to dry.

[0027] Step 2: Soak the five ultrasonically treated ACF sheets in 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% ammonium chloride solutions respectively. After soaking for 24 hours, take them out and soak them in clean water until they are neutral. Place them in an oven and dry them at 120°C for 3 hours to obtain ammonium chloride-soaked modified ACF sheets.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] A method for preparing an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for a pet bed (composite modification by ultrasound + medium-fire microwave + ammonium chloride soaking), specifically comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Cut polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber cloth (ACF) into five pieces of 7.5 cm x 3 cm, weighing approximately 1 g each. Place the cut ACF into a 250 mL beaker filled with deionized water. Place the beaker in an ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes. Then, dry the ACF in an oven at 120°C for 2 hours.

[0031] Step 2: Place the ultrasonically treated ACF sheet into a 100 mL porcelain crucible and place it in a microwave oven at medium heat for 2 min, 4 min, 6 min, 8 min, and 10 min, respectively.

[0032] Step 3: After microwave treatment, the ACF was placed in five beakers containing 300ml of 8% ammonium chloride solution and soaked for 24 hours. The ACF was then removed and rinsed with clean water until neutral, and then dried in an oven at 120°C for 3 hours. The ACF was then placed in a microwave oven at medium heat and microwaved for 2 minutes, 4 minutes, 6 minutes, 8 minutes, and 10 minutes, respectively, to produce the ultrasound + medium heat microwave + ammonium chloride soaked composite modified ACF.

[0033] Example 4

[0034] A method for preparing an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for a pet bed (ultrasound + ammonium chloride soaking + medium-fire microwave composite modification), specifically comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Cut polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber cloth (ACF) into five pieces of 7.5 cm x 3 cm, weighing approximately 1 g each. Place the cut ACF into a 250 mL beaker filled with deionized water. Place the beaker in an ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes. Then, dry the ACF in an oven at 120°C for 2 hours.

[0036] Step 2: Place five ultrasonically treated ACF pieces into five beakers containing 300 mL of 8% ammonium chloride solution and soak for 24 hours. Then, remove them and rinse them with clean water until neutral, and dry them in an oven at 120°C for 3 hours.

[0037] Step 3: Place the ACFs soaked in ammonium chloride solution in a microwave oven, adjust to medium heat, and microwave for 2 minutes, 4 minutes, 6 minutes, 8 minutes, and 10 minutes, respectively. This yields the ultrasound + ammonium chloride soaking + medium heat microwave composite modified ACFs.

[0038] Example 5

[0039] The modified ACF materials prepared in Examples 1-4 above were tested, and the results are shown in Tables 1-3

[0040] The calculation method of SO2 content absorbed by activated carbon fiber is as follows:

[0041] ;

[0042] Where:

[0043] K : SO2 adsorption content of activated carbon fiber (mg / g);

[0044] C 0: concentration of injected SO2 (mg / mL);

[0045] V nd : volume of SO2 injected (mL);

[0046] C (1 / 2 I2): concentration of iodine standard solution (mol / L);

[0047] V 1: Volume of iodine standard solution consumed by the remaining SO2 after adsorption on activated carbon fiber (mL);

[0048] 32.0: The mass of sulfur dioxide equivalent to 1 mL of 1 mol / L iodine standard solution (mg);

[0049] m ACF : Mass of activated carbon fiber (g).

[0050] Table 1 ACF-SO2 adsorption capacity after ultrasound + microwave modification

[0051]

[0052] As can be seen from Table 1, the adsorption capacity of ACF-SO2 was significantly improved after the medium-fire microwave modification treatment, especially after 6 min of medium-fire microwave treatment, the adsorption capacity reached 6.718 mg / g, and the adsorption capacity increased by 38.90%.

[0053] Table 2 SO2 adsorption capacity of modified ACF-SO2 by ultrasound + immersion in different concentrations of ammonium chloride

[0054]

[0055] As shown in the table, the ACF-SO2 adsorption capacity increased slightly after NH4Cl immersion, initially increasing with increasing NH4Cl concentration, reaching a maximum of 5.874 mg / g at 8% NH4Cl, an increase of 21.45% in adsorption rate. However, as the NH4Cl concentration increased further, the ACF-SO2 adsorption capacity decreased significantly. Therefore, a higher NH4Cl immersion concentration is not necessarily better. The composite modification treatment was then performed using an 8% NH4Cl immersion concentration.

[0056] Table 3 ACF-SO2 adsorption capacity after ultrasound + different composite treatments (ammonium chloride concentration is 8%)

[0057]

[0058] As shown in Table 3, the SO2 adsorption capacity of ACF was further improved after the combined treatment. The modification effect of ACF after ultrasound treatment, NH4Cl immersion, and medium-heat microwave heat treatment was slightly lower than that of ultrasound treatment, medium-heat microwave treatment, and NH4Cl immersion. After the combined treatment of ultrasound treatment, 8 minutes of medium-heat microwave heat treatment, and 24 hours of 8% NH4Cl immersion, the ACF-SO2 adsorption capacity reached 7.402 mg / g, an adsorption rate increase of 53.05%, demonstrating the best combined modification effect.

[0059] Figure 1The figure shows the adsorption capacity of ACF-SO2 after ultrasound and medium-heat microwave treatment. It is clear from the figure that after microwave treatment, the adsorption capacity of ACF-SO2 is significantly improved compared to the original sheet, and the modification effect is the best when the microwave treatment is 6 minutes. After 6 minutes, the adsorption capacity of ACF-SO2 decreases significantly.

[0060] Figure 2 The figure shows the adsorption capacity of ACF-SO2 modified by ultrasound and immersion in different concentrations of NH4Cl. From the figure, we can more intuitively see that the adsorption capacity of ACF-SO2 modified by immersion in NH4Cl reaches the maximum after immersion in 8% NH4Cl, and then decreases significantly when the NH4Cl concentration exceeds 8%.

[0061] Figure 3 The figure shows the SO2 adsorption capacity of ACF under ultrasound and composite treatment. The figure shows that after composite modification, the SO2 adsorption capacity of ACF is significantly improved. The best composite modification effect was achieved after the ACF was first subjected to ultrasonic treatment, microwave treatment at medium heat for 8 minutes, and then soaked in 8% NH4Cl for 24 hours.

[0062] Figure 4 FT-IR spectra of ACF materials prepared by ultrasound + different modification methods (in Figure 4 The results from top to bottom are 8 min medium heat + 8% ammonium chloride, 8% ammonium chloride, 6 min medium heat, and the original film. As can be seen from the figure, after the ACF was treated with medium heat microwave, the ACF had a higher density of 1205~1266cm compared to the original film. -1 There is a clear absorption peak, which is the CO stretching vibration peak of -COOH, indicating that the surface of the material is oxidized after single microwave treatment, and obvious -COOH is produced. However, the infrared results of ammonium chloride immersion are not obvious because the -NH stretching vibration peak is 3300-3500cm -1 , and the -OH stretching vibration peak overlaps and is difficult to observe.

[0063] After the composite modification, we can clearly observe that the same -1 There is an obvious CO stretching vibration peak, and 1650cm -1 The C=O dimer stretching vibration peak is significantly stronger at 3300-3500cm -1 Two very obvious peaks appeared, which are -NH stretching vibration peaks. The results show that after composite modification, a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups and amino functional groups appeared on the surface of the material. Therefore, compared with single modification, composite modification can further improve the adsorption capacity of ACF for SO2.

[0064] In summary, the ACF material was first subjected to ultrasonic pretreatment, then microwave treatment, and finally NH4Cl soaking treatment. Compared with the ultrasonic + microwave treatment and ultrasonic + NH4Cl soaking treatment, the adsorption capacity of SO2 was further improved. After the ACF was subjected to a composite treatment of ultrasonic + 8min medium-fire microwave heat treatment + 8% NH4Cl soaking for 24h, the ACF-SO2 adsorption capacity reached 7.402mg / g, and the adsorption rate increased by 53.05%, with the best composite modification effect. In addition, this method uses a simple microwave oven for heating, with low instrument cost and short microwave time. Compared with strong bases and strong acids, NH4Cl is more environmentally friendly, and the modified material cost is low. The product can better improve people's lives and meet the needs of the public.

[0065] Although the present invention has been described in considerable detail and with particularity with respect to several described embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to any of these details or embodiments or any particular embodiment, but rather should be construed as providing a broad possible interpretation of these claims in view of the prior art by reference to the appended claims, thereby effectively encompassing the intended scope of the invention. In addition, the invention has been described above in terms of embodiments foreseen by the inventors for the purpose of providing a useful description, and those insubstantial modifications of the invention that are not currently foreseen may still represent equivalent modifications of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for a pet bed, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: First, polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fibers were placed in water and ultrasonicated for 30 minutes, then dried, and then placed in a microwave oven for 8 minutes. Finally, the polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fibers were placed in an 8% ammonium chloride solution and soaked for 24 hours, washed with water until neutral, and dried to obtain a pet nest activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element. The temperature of the medium heat of the microwave oven is 60°C-70°C.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before the ultrasonic treatment, pretreatment is also included, and the specific steps are: the activated carbon fiber material is cut into 1 g long pieces with a length of 7.5 cm and a width of 3 cm.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The drying temperature is 120 ℃.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The drying time is 3 h.

5. An activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element for pet nests, characterized in that: Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. Use of the pet bed activated carbon fiber adsorption filter element according to claim 5 in the preparation of sulfur dioxide adsorption materials.

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