Energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on slurry impact

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of mineral flotation processing, and specifically relates to an energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact. The present invention includes a flotation box, in which a baffle funnel is arranged. The baffle funnel divides the chamber of the flotation box into an energy collection chamber located above and a flotation chamber located below. A first pulp feed pipe is connected to the energy collection chamber, and a gas inlet pipe and a tailings discharge pipe are connected to the flotation chamber. The flotation machine also includes a main shaft with a stirring wheel. An umbrella-type diffuser is convexly provided on the sleeve body, and diffusion holes for pulp ejection are arranged on the outer edge and / or the lower disk surface of the umbrella-type diffuser. The gas outlet of the gas inlet pipe is located in the area below the stirring wheel, and a flotation overflow trough for flotation concentrate is arranged in the area above the umbrella-type diffuser. The present invention can not only realize the pump-free aeration function of the flotation machine, but also the flow field in the flotation chamber is stable and controllable, and the flotation effect can be effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral flotation processing, and in particular relates to an energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact. Background Art

[0002] Flotation is the most important interfacial separation method, widely used in the separation and flotation of polymetallic ores, the comprehensive utilization of complex ores, iron ore flotation, and non-metallic ore flotation. It is the only effective separation method for coal slimes smaller than -0.1 mm. The theoretical basis of various flotation processes is generally the same: mineral particles aggregate at liquid-air or water-oil interfaces due to their inherent hydrophobicity or the hydrophobicity (air- or oil-loving) properties acquired through the action of flotation agents. Currently, the most widely used method is froth flotation, which involves the following process: 1) The ore is crushed and ground to separate the various minerals into individual particles, sized to meet flotation process requirements. 2) Various flotation agents are added to the ground slurry and stirred to interact with the mineral particles, thereby increasing the floatability differences between the different mineral particles. 3) The adjusted slurry is fed into the flotation cell and aerated. 4) Mineral particles in the slurry come into contact and collide with the bubbles. The buoyant particles selectively adhere to the bubbles and are carried upward, forming a mineralized foam layer composed of a gas-liquid-solid three-phase structure. These froth layers are mechanically scraped or overflow from the slurry surface, where they are then dehydrated and dried to form a concentrate. Mineral particles such as gangue that do not float are discharged from the bottom of the flotation tank along with the slurry as tailings.

[0003] Flotation cells used in froth flotation are categorized into two types: mechanically agitated and non-mechanically agitated, depending on the aeration and agitation methods. Mechanically agitated flotation cells have been used the longest, spanning nearly a century from ore dressing to coal preparation. They provide a turbulent flow environment for the flotation cell, but their drawbacks include high energy consumption and maintenance requirements. Non-mechanically agitated flotation cells, also known as aerated flotation cells, are increasingly used. They often utilize air pumps to energize the slurry, drawing in sufficient air through jets, collisions, and dispersion. However, their drawbacks include the need for a matching air pump, which is costly and energy-intensive. Furthermore, non-mechanically agitated flotation cells often experience excessive turbulence within the flotation cell due to the need to ensure sufficient ore flow and air intake. This can cause mineralized particles to fall off during the ascent, thus affecting flotation efficiency. Finally, in traditional flotation machines, the slurry often directly impacts the bottom of the flotation tank, causing energy dissipation and easily generating noise and equipment wear due to high-speed vibration impact. Whether this impact force can be utilized to avoid damage to the equipment due to impact is also one of the difficult problems that need to be solved urgently in this field in recent years. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide an energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on slurry impact without an air pump, which can not only realize the pump-free inflation function of the flotation machine, but also make the flow field in the flotation chamber stable and controllable, and the flotation effect can be effectively guaranteed.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact includes a flotation box, characterized in that a partition funnel is arranged in the flotation box, the partition funnel divides the flotation box chamber into an energy collection chamber located at the top and a flotation chamber located at the bottom, a first pulp feed pipe is connected to the energy collection chamber, and a gas feed pipe and a tailings discharge pipe are connected to the flotation chamber, wherein:

[0007] A first impact wheel is provided in the energy collection chamber, and the discharge port of the first slurry feed pipe is directed toward the blades of the first impact wheel, so that the slurry can strike the blades during feeding and drive the first impact wheel to rotate; a crank of a crank slider assembly is fixedly connected to the axle of the first impact wheel, and the slider of the crank slider assembly is hingedly connected to the piston rod of the pulse cylinder, and the piston cylinder of the pulse cylinder is connected to the gas inlet pipe; a first one-way valve for one-way air intake is arranged on the wall of the piston cylinder of the pulse cylinder, and a second one-way valve for one-way air discharge is arranged at the outlet of the gas inlet pipe;

[0008] The cavity of the baffle funnel constitutes a communication channel connecting the energy collection chamber and the flotation chamber; the communication channel extends vertically downward to form a sleeve. The flotation machine also includes a main shaft with a stirring wheel, which is coaxially arranged in the sleeve and has a gap between the main shaft and the sleeve for the slurry to flow downward. The bottom end of the main shaft extends out of the sleeve and coaxially fixes the stirring wheel. The sleeve is provided with an umbrella-type diffusion disk protruding from the middle section of the flotation chamber. The cavity of the umbrella-type diffusion disk is connected to the gap, and diffusion holes for the slurry to be thrown out are arranged on the outer edge and / or the lower disk surface of the umbrella-type diffusion disk; the gas outlet of the gas inlet pipe is located in the area below the stirring wheel, and the flotation overflow tank for flotation concentrate is arranged in the area above the umbrella-type diffusion disk.

[0009] Preferably, a flow-diverting cap is protruding from the main shaft, and the shape of the flow-diverting cap is a cone coaxial with the main shaft with the tip facing upward, and the fluid outlet path at the flow-diverting cap points to the cavity of the umbrella-type diffuser disk.

[0010] Preferably, a bell mouth is arranged at the bottom of the sleeve, the bell mouth cavity of the bell mouth can accommodate the stirring wheel, and the maximum diameter of the bell mouth is smaller than the diameter of the umbrella-type diffusion disk.

[0011] Preferably, a pressure strain gauge is attached to the back of the cavity of the partition funnel, and the current output port of the pressure strain gauge is electrically connected to the solenoid valve at the medicine outlet pipe of the medicine adding box; the medicine outlet pipe of the medicine adding box is connected to the gas inlet pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a set of matched crank rocker assemblies and a set of pulse cylinders constitute a set of air sources, there are two or more sets of air sources, and the cranks of each set of air sources share the axle of the first impact wheel.

[0013] Preferably, the flotation machine further comprises a second slurry feed pipe connected to the energy collection chamber; a driven bevel gear is coaxially arranged on the main shaft, the driven bevel gear is meshed with the driving bevel gear, the wheel shaft of the driving bevel gear is coaxially fixed to a second impact wheel with a horizontally arranged axis, and the blades of the second impact wheel are located at the discharge path of the second slurry feed pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the main shaft includes an upper shaft body and a lower shaft body, the top end of the upper shaft body is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the frequency conversion motor, and the bottom end of the upper shaft body is fixed to the upper surface of the driven bevel gear; a through hole is coaxially arranged at the driven bevel gear, and in the cross section, the wall of the through hole is ratchet-shaped, the bottom end of the lower shaft body is fixedly connected to the stirring wheel, and a positioning ring is coaxially arranged at the top end of the lower shaft body, a positioning pawl is arranged on the positioning ring and a ratchet pawl assembly is formed between the through hole; the direction in which the driven bevel gear rotates when impacted by the slurry is the same as the one-way stopping direction of the ratchet pawl assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the first impact wheel and the second impact wheel are both hydraulic turbines.

[0016] Preferably, an exhaust pipe is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the flotation chamber, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the gas inlet pipe; the exhaust ports of the exhaust pipe are all facing downward; there are two groups of exhaust ports on the cross section of the exhaust pipe, and the two groups of exhaust ports are symmetrically arranged along a vertical symmetry plane coinciding with the axis of the exhaust pipe; the two groups of exhaust pipes form a set of exhaust units, and each set of exhaust units is evenly distributed in sequence along the axis of the exhaust pipe.

[0017] Preferably, each slurry feeding pipe includes a main pipe section, a negative pressure suction chamber is arranged on the pipe wall of the main pipe section; a third one-way valve for one-way air intake is provided at the negative pressure suction chamber.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1) Through the above scheme, on the one hand, the present invention does not need to use high-production-cost air pumps or air blowers like other flotation machines to achieve the aeration of the flotation machine; through the linkage design of the first impact wheel, the basic guarantee for the pumpless aeration operation of the flotation machine is provided. During specific operation, the present invention realizes the flotation machine slurry feeding arrangement through spatial layout, and the stirred slurry enters the corresponding slurry feeding pipe at a certain flow rate and flow rate, and accelerates downward under a certain initial velocity to enter the flotation machine, thereby providing active energy for the flotation machine of this patent. On the other hand, in order to prevent insufficient diffusion of the slurry, the present invention also provides a structure for secondary diffusion of the slurry. After the slurry originally flowing downward hits the first impact wheel, its kinetic energy is reduced and it falls into the partition funnel; then, the slurry flows back into the bucket cavity and is accompanied by the umbrella-type diffusion disk for the first passive diffusion. The remaining slurry then falls into the stirring wheel area for secondary forced diffusion. In this process, the slurry layer diffusion can improve the flotation accuracy and concentrate output, with significant results.

[0020] Thus, the present invention can not only realize the pump-free inflation function of the flotation machine, but also the flow field in the flotation chamber is stable and controllable, and the flotation effect can be effectively guaranteed.

[0021] 2) In actual operation, the bubble generation rate is affected not only by the slurry impact force, but also by the stroke of the pulse cylinder, the crank length of the crank rocker assembly, and even the connecting rod length. The number of air source sets and even the number of first impact wheels also affect the bubble generation rate. In other words, the bubble generation rate of the present invention is controllable, significantly expanding the scope of application of the invention.

[0022] 3) In traditional flotation machines, slurry directly impacts the bottom of the flotation machine, causing energy dissipation and shortening the machine's service life. In the present invention, most of the energy from the slurry impact is utilized to power the gas source, causing the slurry to ultimately fall to the baffle hopper at a lower speed, where it is impacted again by the slope of the baffle hopper, reducing the wear and tear on the flotation machine caused by slurry impact.

[0023] 4) The bubble generation module used in this invention, also known as the gas source, can also be used independently in other mineral processing processes. As long as there is top-down movement of the slurry, the bubble generation module can be used to generate gas using the impact energy. The generated gas can be concentrated and supplied to the flotation machine, or it can be heated and used to blow dry the coal slurry, thereby reducing a certain amount of moisture.

[0024] 5) In order to make full use of the energy brought by the impact of the slurry, the dosing box in the present invention does not require an external power supply. In actual operation, the present invention uses the principle of vibration energy, relies on the slurry to impact the bottom of the energy collection chamber and generate vibration, and uses the piezoelectric strain gauge to absorb the vibration and generate a trace amount of current. The time of current accumulation (equivalent to charging the capacitor) is equal to the dosing interval of the timed dosing. After the amount of electricity reaches the requirement, the solenoid valve switch of the dosing box is triggered. This process is equivalent to capacitor discharge; the basic principle can be similar to: energy harvester outputs AC power → rectifier bridge → DC power → filter capacitor → energy storage capacitor → resistor, so as to realize the above-mentioned energy storage power supply function.

[0025] 6) For slurry feeding, part of the air source can be used, while the other part can be used to achieve the main shaft working effect through the second impact wheel, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the main shaft and stirring wheel with no or minimal external force. More specifically, the cooperation between the driven bevel gear and the main shaft is extremely important. The split main shaft of the present invention is combined with the ratchet and pawl assembly. On the one hand, it can ensure the main shaft's working purpose under the impact of the slurry, that is, the rotation effect caused by the slurry impact is only applied to the main shaft in a one-way manner; on the other hand, it can utilize the operation of the variable frequency motor to achieve a synergistic driving effect on the main shaft.

[0026] The dual-power drive mode of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] a: The slurry impact is used to realize the rotation of the main shaft. It can work independently and can also reduce the power of the variable frequency motor to achieve the purpose of reducing production costs.

[0028] b: The slurry impact-driven rotation method of this invention has promising applications. For example, with a slurry flow rate of 2.5 cubic meters per minute, a slurry concentration of 80 g / L, and a slurry drop from a height of two meters, the slurry generates work W ≈ 400,000 J, and the power reaches approximately 6.666 kW. This is an ideal condition, and considering the friction of the transport pipeline and the kinetic energy retained after the slurry impact, the aforementioned desired effect is fully achievable.

[0029] 7) Since the slurry sinks vertically downward, the exhaust outlet of the exhaust pipe is preferably oriented vertically upward to impact the concentrate and produce a flotation effect. Therefore, to minimize clogging of the exhaust outlet, the exhaust outlet adopts a protruding structure and is arranged in two parallel rows along the bottom of the exhaust pipe. This prevents falling tailings from entering the exhaust outlet, and the exhaust outlet is also out of the sweeping range, making it less likely that floating minerals will cause clogging of the exhaust outlet, thereby alleviating clogging of the exhaust outlet to a certain extent. The downward-facing exhaust outlet also facilitates the discharge of the liquid from the dosing tank through the exhaust pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a top view of the matching state of the driven bevel gear and the main shaft;

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the exhaust pipe.

[0033] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names of the present invention is as follows:

[0034] A-spindle drive area; B-bubble generation area; C-concentrate collection area; D-concentrate capture area; E-slurry primary diffusion area; F-slurry secondary diffusion area; G-slurry sweeping area; H-tailings collection area; I-feed pipe modification area;

[0035] 10- flotation box; 11- first slurry inlet pipe; 12- second slurry inlet pipe; 13- gas inlet pipe; 14- tailings discharge pipe; 15- flotation overflow tank;

[0036] 20- partition funnel; 21- sleeve; 22- umbrella-type diffuser;

[0037] 31-first impact wheel; 32-crank slider assembly; 33-pulse cylinder; 34-first one-way valve; 35-second one-way valve;

[0038] 40-main shaft; 40a-flow changer cap; 41-upper shaft body; 42-lower shaft body;

[0039] 50- stirring wheel;

[0040] 61-pressure strain gauge; 62-medicine box;

[0041] 71 - driven bevel gear; 71a - through hole; 72 - driving bevel gear; 73 - second impact wheel; 74 - positioning pawl;

[0042] 80- variable frequency motor;

[0043] 90-exhaust pipe; 91-exhaust port;

[0044] 100-negative pressure suction chamber; 101-third one-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] For ease of understanding, here we combine Figure 1-3 The specific structure and working mode of the present invention are further described as follows:

[0046] The specific structure of the present invention is as follows Figure 1-3As shown, the original design is to use the impact energy of the falling slurry, also known as the slurry potential energy, to generate and provide bubbles and drive the main shaft 40 to rotate. In actual design, the present invention consists of a flotation box 10, a bubble generation module, a main shaft rotation module, a slurry diffusion module, and a concentrate collection module.

[0047] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the flotation process of the present invention is characterized by the following features: the entire equipment can be divided into the main shaft drive area A, the bubble generation area B, the concentrate collection area C, the concentrate capture area D, the pulp primary diffusion area E, the pulp secondary diffusion area F, the pulp scavenging area G and the tailings collection area H. In addition, in order to avoid a single gas source for the flotation machine and to ensure that as much air as possible enters the flotation operation, it is necessary to consider setting up an additional air intake structure when feeding the pulp, that is, Figure 1 As shown, a negative pressure suction chamber 100 is arranged at each slurry feeding pipe to form a multi-stage air supply effect, and finally form Figure 1 In the feed pipe modification area I.

[0048] Specific to Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the flotation box 10 is in the shape of a tank as a whole. A main shaft 40 is coaxially arranged in the flotation box 10 and is driven by a variable frequency motor 80 to rotate.

[0049] in:

[0050] The spindle 40 travels through the cavity of the baffle hopper 20, leaving a gap between it and the cavity wall for the slurry to flow downward. A pressure strain gauge 61 is installed on the back of the baffle hopper, forming a linkage structure with the dosing box 62 on the gas inlet pipe 13 at the bubble generation area B. An energy collection chamber is formed above the baffle hopper 20, and a flotation chamber is formed below. The energy collection chamber houses the spindle drive area A and the gas generation area B, while the flotation chamber includes the concentrate collection area C, the concentrate capture area D, the slurry primary diffusion area E, the slurry secondary diffusion area F, the slurry scavenging area G, and the tailings collection area H.

[0051] The actual workflow of the present invention is as follows:

[0052] The slurry flows into the gas generation zone B within the energy collection chamber through the first slurry inlet pipe 11 at a certain initial velocity, vertically impacting the first impact wheel 31 of the hydraulic turbine structure. The slurry then exits the gas generation zone B within the energy collection chamber and, through the drainage function of the baffle funnel 20, flows into the sleeve 21. After being impacted by the slurry, the first impact wheel 31 begins to rotate, thereby driving the crank slider assembly 32. The crank of the crank slider assembly 32 is connected to the axle of the first impact wheel 31, allowing the crank to move in a circular motion with the first impact wheel 31; the slider is connected to the pulse cylinder 33, driving the piston in reciprocating linear motion. In other words, the impact of the slurry causes the first impact wheel 31 to rotate, and the crank slider assembly 32 converts this rotational motion into linear reciprocating motion of the piston in the pulse cylinder 33, thereby operating the pulse cylinder 33. The pulse cylinder 33 continuously draws gas into the cylinder chamber through the first one-way valve 34 and then compresses the gas into the exhaust pipe 90 through the gas inlet pipe 13 and the second one-way valve 35. The exhaust pipe 90 at the bottom of the flotation chamber is densely covered with numerous small exhaust ports 91, which allow the gas to continuously transform into bubbles and enter the flotation operation area, colliding with the falling slurry and capturing the minerals.

[0053] Furthermore, due to the high slurry flow rate in the slurry feed area, a negative pressure suction chamber 100 can be added to generate negative pressure within the chamber, drawing air from the outside through a third one-way valve 101. This air is drawn into the energy collection chamber by the slurry and ultimately flows into the sleeve 21, thereby allowing additional gas to participate in flotation. The addition of additional gas during feed also serves to capture initial bubbles in the concentrate during the slurry impact process, achieving multiple goals at once.

[0054] The present invention also includes a second slurry feed pipe 12. During operation, slurry enters the energy collection chamber through this pipe at a predetermined initial velocity, impacting the second impact wheel 73. This impact causes the second impact wheel 73 to rotate. The second impact wheel 73 is coaxially connected to the driving bevel gear 72. The meshing driven bevel gear 71 is connected to the main shaft 40 via a one-way ratchet mechanism. Specifically, the main shaft 40 includes an upper shaft body 41 and a lower shaft body 42. The top end of the upper shaft body 41 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the variable frequency motor 80, and the bottom end of the upper shaft body 41 is fixed to the upper surface of the driven bevel gear 71; a through hole 71a is coaxially provided at the driven bevel gear 71, and in the cross section, the hole wall of the through hole 71a is ratchet-shaped, and the bottom end of the lower shaft body 42 is fixed to the stirring wheel 50; a positioning ring is coaxially provided at the top end of the lower shaft body 42, and a positioning pawl 74 is provided on the positioning ring to form a ratchet and pawl assembly between the through hole 71a; the direction of rotation of the driven bevel gear 71 caused by the impact of the slurry is in the same direction as the one-way stopping direction of the ratchet and pawl assembly.

[0055] Thus, the present invention achieves the conversion of lateral rotational motion into longitudinal rotational motion through a bevel gear transmission mechanism. Furthermore, a one-way ratchet structure achieves the special transmission purpose of the second impact wheel 73 driving the main shaft 40 in one direction, while the main shaft 40 cannot drive the second impact wheel 73. Using slurry impact to assist the rotation of the main shaft 40 not only fully utilizes the kinetic energy of the slurry but also reduces the power consumption of the variable frequency motor 80, thereby reducing energy consumption. After impacting the second impact wheel 73, the slurry loses most of its energy and is ultimately diverted along the partition funnel 20 and into the sleeve 21, and then enters the flotation chamber.

[0056] During the above-mentioned slurry flow process, after the slurry impacts the corresponding impact wheels in the gas generation area B and the main shaft drive area A, it still retains a portion of kinetic energy and impacts the bottom plate of the gas generation area B and the main shaft drive area A downward, that is, the bucket surface of the partition funnel 20. By attaching a piezoelectric strain gauge to the back of the partition funnel 20, vibration energy can be collected to generate a trace current. Since the current generated by the piezoelectric strain gauge is very small in a single time, it is not enough to drive the valve of the dosing box 62 to allow the liquid medicine to flow out, so it needs to be accumulated (equivalent to charging the capacitor). When the amount of electricity is sufficient, the valve is driven to open to allow the liquid medicine to flow out (equivalent to discharging the capacitor). Since it takes time to accumulate electricity (equivalent to the time it takes for the capacitor to be fully charged), the purpose of timed dosing is achieved, and the design is extremely ingenious.

[0057] After the above process is completed, the slurry rotates and moves downward along the sleeve 21. The main shaft 40 is partially raised in a triangular structure, forming a flow-redirecting cap 40a, which is used to change the flow direction of the slurry so that part of the slurry continues to flow downward, while the other part of the slurry enters the umbrella-shaped diversion diffusion area under the action of extrusion, that is, the umbrella-type diffusion disk 22. The umbrella-type diffusion disk 22 is in the shape of an umbrella disk, and the bottom surface of the disk is arranged with many diffusion holes that form the slurry outflow outlet. The slurry entering the umbrella-type diffusion disk 22 flows out from the diffusion holes at the bottom of the disk, and the slurry that fails to flow out from the diffusion holes is thrown out from the diffusion holes on the outer edge of the umbrella-type diffusion disk 22. The slurry that continues to flow downward flows along the sleeve 21 and flows out from the bottom of the sleeve 21. The stirring wheel 50 throws the slurry to the surroundings.

[0058] Since the slurry sinks in the vertical downward direction, the exhaust port 91 of the exhaust pipe 90 preferably has an upward direction to hit the concentrate and produce a flotation effect. Figure 1 As shown, the flotation chamber continuously collides with the gas at the exhaust port 91 , so that the concentrate is selected through the flotation overflow trough 15 , while the tailings sink into the tailings collection area H until they are discharged through the tailings discharge pipe 14 .

[0059] Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but also encompasses the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0060] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0061] The technology, shape, and structure not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. An energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact, comprising a flotation box (10), characterized in that: A partition funnel (20) is arranged in the flotation box (10), and the partition funnel (20) divides the box cavity of the flotation box (10) into an energy collection cavity located at the upper part and a flotation cavity located at the lower part. The first slurry feed pipe (11) is connected to the energy collection cavity, and the gas inlet pipe (13) and the tailings discharge pipe (14) are connected to the flotation cavity, wherein: A first impact wheel (31) is provided in the energy collection chamber, and the discharge port of the first slurry feeding pipe (11) points to the blade of the first impact wheel (31), so that the slurry can hit the blade when feeding and drive the first impact wheel (31) to rotate; the crank of the crank slider assembly (32) is fixedly connected to the wheel shaft of the first impact wheel (31), the slider of the crank slider assembly (32) is hinged to the piston rod of the pulse cylinder (33), and the piston cylinder of the pulse cylinder (33) is connected to the gas inlet pipe (13); a first one-way valve (34) for one-way air intake is arranged on the cylinder wall of the piston cylinder of the pulse cylinder (33), and a second one-way valve (35) for one-way air discharge is arranged at the outlet of the gas inlet pipe (13); The cavity of the partition funnel (20) constitutes a communication channel connecting the energy collection chamber and the flotation chamber; the communication channel extends vertically downward and forms a sleeve (21); the flotation machine also includes a main shaft (40) with a stirring wheel (50), the main shaft (40) is coaxially arranged in the sleeve (21) and there is a gap between the main shaft (40) and the sleeve (21) for the slurry to flow downward, the bottom end of the main shaft (40) extends out of the sleeve (21) and coaxially fixes the stirring wheel (50); an umbrella-type diffusion disk (22) is protruding from the middle section of the sleeve (21) located in the flotation chamber, the disk cavity of the umbrella-type diffusion disk (22) is connected to the gap, and diffusion holes for the slurry to be thrown out are arranged on the outer edge and / or the lower disk surface of the umbrella-type diffusion disk (22); the gas outlet of the gas inlet pipe (13) is located in the area below the stirring wheel (50), and a flotation overflow trough (15) for flotation concentrate is arranged in the area above the umbrella-type diffusion disk (22).

2. The energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow-changing cap (40a) is protruding from the main shaft (40). The flow-changing cap (40a) is in the shape of a cone coaxial with the main shaft (40) with the tip facing upwards, and the fluid outlet path at the flow-changing cap (40a) points to the disk cavity of the umbrella-type diffusion disk (22).

3. The energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bell mouth is arranged at the bottom of the sleeve (21), and the bell cavity of the bell mouth can accommodate the stirring wheel (50). The maximum diameter of the bell mouth is smaller than the diameter of the umbrella-type diffusion disk (22).

4. The energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A pressure strain gauge (61) is attached to the back of the chamber of the partition funnel (20), and the current output port of the pressure strain gauge (61) is electrically connected to the solenoid valve at the medicine outlet pipe at the medicine adding box (62); the medicine outlet pipe of the medicine adding box (62) is connected to the gas inlet pipe (13).

5. The energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A set of matched crank rocker components and a set of pulse cylinders (33) constitute a set of air sources. There are two or more sets of air sources, and the cranks of each set of air sources share the axle of the first impact wheel (31).

6. The energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The flotation machine further comprises a second slurry feed pipe (12) connected to the energy collection chamber; a driven bevel gear (71) is coaxially arranged on the main shaft (40), the driven bevel gear (71) is meshed with the driving bevel gear (72), the wheel shaft of the driving bevel gear (72) is coaxially fixedly connected to a second impact wheel (73) whose axis is horizontally arranged, and the wheel blades of the second impact wheel (73) are located at the discharge path of the second slurry feed pipe (12).

7. The energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main shaft (40) comprises an upper shaft body (41) and a lower shaft body (42); the top end of the upper shaft body (41) is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the variable frequency motor (80); the bottom end of the upper shaft body (41) is fixed to the upper surface of the driven bevel gear (71); a through hole (71a) is coaxially arranged at the driven bevel gear (71), and the hole wall of the through hole (71a) is ratchet-shaped in cross section; the bottom end of the lower shaft body (42) is fixedly connected to the stirring wheel (50); a positioning ring is coaxially arranged at the top end of the lower shaft body (42); a positioning pawl (74) is arranged on the positioning ring and forms a ratchet pawl assembly with the through hole (71a); the direction of rotation of the driven bevel gear (71) caused by the impact of the ore slurry is in the same direction as the one-way rotation direction of the ratchet pawl assembly.

8. The energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first impact wheel (31) and the second impact wheel (73) are both hydraulic turbines.

9. The energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: An exhaust pipe (90) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the flotation chamber, and the exhaust pipe (90) is connected to the gas inlet pipe (13); the exhaust ports (91) of the exhaust pipe (90) are all downward; the exhaust ports (91) on the cross section of the exhaust pipe (90) are two groups, and the two groups of exhaust ports (91) are symmetrically arranged along a vertical symmetry plane that coincides with the axis of the exhaust pipe (90); the two groups of exhaust pipes (90) form a set of exhaust units, and each set of exhaust units is evenly distributed in sequence along the axis of the exhaust pipe (90).

10. The energy collection and utilization flotation machine based on pulp impact according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each slurry feeding pipe comprises a main pipe section, a negative pressure suction chamber (100) is arranged on the pipe wall of the main pipe section; a third one-way valve (101) for one-way air intake is provided at the negative pressure suction chamber (100).

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