Low-temperature start-up methods, devices, electronic equipment and vehicles for fuel cells

Abstract

This application provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and vehicle for low-temperature start-up of a fuel cell. By utilizing a heating component to consume the net output power of the fuel cell, it avoids the problem of overcharging the power battery under low-temperature conditions. It also heats both the fuel cell and the power battery, increasing the charging power of the power battery and enabling charging. When the fuel cell reaches cold-start conditions and the charging power of the power battery is less than the net output power of the fuel cell, the fuel cell starts smoothly, ensuring the vehicle can be powered on successfully. Furthermore, when the temperature difference exceeds a preset temperature difference threshold, the net output power is redistributed to improve the temperature uniformity within the power battery and reduce the impact of individual cell inconsistencies on the power battery's lifespan.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a low-temperature starting method and device of a fuel cell, an electronic equipment and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a clean, efficient and pollution-free electrochemical power generation device, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have become the mainstream of the current automotive industry. Therefore, the safety and economy of fuel cell vehicles have become a topic that must be concerned by various automobile enterprises. However, when the temperature of the power battery of the vehicle is lower than -20℃, the required power of the vehicle is small (generally less than 10KW) and the power battery has weak or even no recharging ability. At this time, starting the fuel cell will have a certain power overflow, causing overcharging of the power battery. For safety considerations, starting the fuel cell is prohibited at this time, resulting in the vehicle being powered off when the power of the power battery is low, which causes inconvenience to users. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a low-temperature starting method and device of a fuel cell, an electronic equipment and a vehicle to solve the problem of difficult starting of the fuel cell at low temperature.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a low-temperature starting method of a fuel cell, comprising:

[0005] determining the net output power of the fuel cell and the maximum allowed charging power of the power battery in a low-temperature starting mode;

[0006] determining the requested charging power of the power battery and the requested consumption power of a heating assembly according to the net output power and the maximum allowed charging power;

[0007] controlling the power battery to charge according to the requested charging power and determining the temperature difference of the power battery in real time;

[0008] controlling the heating assembly to heat the fuel cell and / or the power battery according to the requested consumption power and monitoring the coolant temperature of the fuel cell in real time;

[0009] in response to the temperature difference being greater than a preset temperature difference threshold, redistributing the net output power until the coolant temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature threshold, and the low-temperature starting of the fuel cell is completed.

[0010] The second aspect of the present application provides a low-temperature starting device of a fuel cell, comprising:

[0011] a power determination module, configured to determine a net output power of the fuel cell and a maximum allowed charging power of the power battery in the low-temperature starting mode;

[0012] a power distribution module, configured to determine a requested charging power of the power battery and a requested consumption power of the heating component according to the net output power and the maximum allowed charging power;

[0013] a temperature difference determination module, configured to control the power battery to be charged according to the requested charging power, and determine a temperature difference of the power battery in real time;

[0014] a heating module, configured to control the heating component to heat the coolant according to the requested consumption power, and monitor the coolant temperature in real time;

[0015] the power determination module is configured to re-distribute the net output power until the coolant temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature threshold, in response to the temperature difference being greater than a preset temperature difference threshold, and the low-temperature starting of the fuel cell is completed.

[0016] A third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0017] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a vehicle comprising the electronic device provided in the third aspect of the present application.

[0018] It can be seen from the above that the low-temperature starting method, device, electronic equipment and vehicle of the fuel cell provided by the application can determine the net output power of the fuel cell and the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery in the low-temperature starting mode, and determine the requested charging power of the power battery and the requested consumption power of the heating assembly according to the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power; then, the power battery is controlled to charge according to the requested charging power, the temperature difference of the power battery is determined in real time, the heating assembly is controlled to heat the fuel cell and / or the power battery according to the requested consumption power, and the coolant temperature is monitored in real time; when the temperature difference is greater than a preset temperature difference threshold, the net output power is redistributed until the coolant temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature threshold, and the low-temperature starting of the fuel cell is completed. By consuming the net output power of the fuel cell by the heating assembly, the problem of overcharging of the power battery under low-temperature conditions is avoided, and heating of the fuel cell and the power battery is also realized, the charging power of the power battery is improved, the power battery is charged, the fuel cell is successfully started when the fuel cell reaches the cold starting condition and the charging power of the power battery is less than the net output power of the fuel cell, and it is ensured that the vehicle can be successfully powered on. When the temperature difference is greater than the preset temperature difference threshold, the net output power is redistributed to improve the uniformity of the internal temperature of the power battery and reduce the influence of the consistency of the single battery on the service life of the power battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the application or related art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or related art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 Flow chart of the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell in the embodiment of the application;

[0021] Figure 2 Flow chart of the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell in the embodiment of the application;

[0022] Figure 3 Flow chart of the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell in the embodiment of the application;

[0023] Figure 4 Flow chart of the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell in the embodiment of the application;

[0024] Figure 5 Flow chart of the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell in the embodiment of the application;

[0025] Figure 6Flow chart for heating by the heating assembly when the power battery of the embodiment of the present application has charging capability;

[0026] Figure 7 Flow chart for heating by the heating assembly when the power battery of the embodiment of the present application does not have charging capability;

[0027] Figure 8 Structure schematic diagram of the low-temperature starting device of the fuel cell of the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 Structure schematic diagram of the electronic device of the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong. The terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in the embodiments of the present application do not represent any order, number or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms "include" or "contain" and similar terms mean that the elements or objects before the terms cover the elements or objects listed after the terms and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connect" or "connected" and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute positions of the described objects are changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

[0031] In this document, it should be understood that any number of elements in the drawings is used for illustration and not limitation, and any naming is only used for distinction and does not have any limiting meaning.

[0032] Based on the above description of the background art, there are also the following situations in the related art:

[0033] When the power battery temperature of the vehicle using the fuel cell is lower than-15℃, the charging power of the power battery is low, and when the power battery temperature is lower than-20℃, the charging power of the power battery is almost 0KW; and when the cooling liquid temperature of the fuel cell is lower than 5℃, the fuel cell startup belongs to cold startup, and exemplarily, the current of the fuel cell during the cold startup process is at least 75A, at this time, the power generated by the fuel cell is 23KW, otherwise, there is a risk of reverse polarity in the fuel cell, affecting the service life of the fuel cell, but the power requested by the fuel cell itself and the whole vehicle can consume at most 13kW of power, so the net output power of the fuel cell is 10kW±1kW, that is, the net output power is the difference between the output power and the power required by the whole vehicle.

[0034] Therefore, when the power battery temperature is lower than-15℃ and the power battery power is lower than the fuel cell startup threshold, in order to meet the dynamic energy balance of the vehicle and prevent the power battery from feeding power, the fuel cell needs to be started, but when the power battery temperature of the vehicle is lower than-15℃, the power requested by the whole vehicle is small and the power battery has no recharging capability (the charging power of the power battery is low, even 0KW), if the fuel cell is started, the output power of the fuel cell will perform transient charging on the power battery, which may reduce the service life of the power battery, so at this time, the fuel cell startup is not supported for safety consideration, so the low-temperature cold startup of the vehicle cannot be completed, causing customer complaints.

[0035] In addition, in the emergency load shedding state, the vehicle only allows the output power of the fuel cell to be less than or equal to the chargeable power of the power battery, but the charge and discharge power of the power battery is affected by the temperature and the current power, and since the chargeable power of the power battery is very small or even 0kW at low temperature, the output power of the fuel cell will perform transient charging on the power battery, which may reduce the service life of the power battery, so at this time, the fuel cell startup is prohibited for safety consideration (since the output power of the fuel cell must be less than or equal to the chargeable power of the power battery at low temperature, otherwise, the power battery will be overcharged when the vehicle is in emergency braking due to the unique characteristics of the fuel cell, reducing the service life of the power battery), the vehicle must be driven by pure electricity, but when the power of the power battery is low, the vehicle can only be powered off, which leads to the failure of the low-temperature cold startup of the vehicle, causing customer complaints.

[0036] In the related art, the output power of the fuel cell is requested according to the chargeable power of the power battery, when the charging power of the power battery is less than 5kW, the central control switch module prompts the driver through the instrument that the power battery temperature is low, please heat, and the fuel cell cannot be started before the heating is completed, which makes the driving experience of the customer worse. In addition, the influence of rapid temperature change on the power battery is not considered when the power battery is heated, leading to the loss of balance of the internal temperature of the power battery and affecting the service life of the power battery.

[0037] The low-temperature starting method, device, electronic equipment and vehicle of the fuel cell provided by the embodiments of the present application can determine the net output power of the fuel cell and the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery in the low-temperature starting mode, and determine the requested charging power of the power battery and the requested consumption power of the heating assembly according to the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power; then, the power battery is controlled to charge according to the requested charging power, the temperature difference of the power battery is determined in real time, the heating assembly is controlled to heat the fuel cell and / or the power battery according to the requested consumption power, and the coolant temperature is monitored in real time; by consuming the net output power of the fuel cell by using the heating assembly, the problem of overcharging of the power battery under low-temperature conditions is avoided, and the heating of the fuel cell and the power battery is also realized, the charging power of the power battery is improved, the charging of the power battery is realized, the fuel cell is successfully started when the fuel cell reaches the cold starting condition and the charging power of the power battery is less than the net output power of the fuel cell, and it is ensured that the vehicle can be successfully powered on. When the temperature difference is greater than the preset temperature difference threshold, the net output power is redistributed to improve the uniformity of the internal temperature of the power battery and reduce the influence of the consistency of the single battery on the service life of the power battery.

[0038] A power control method of a fuel cell according to an example embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, a low-temperature starting method of a fuel cell includes: Figure 1

[0040] Step 101: determining the net output power of the fuel cell and the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery in the low-temperature starting mode.

[0041] ​In an embodiment, when the coolant temperature of the fuel cell is lower than 5°C, the fuel cell is determined to be in a low-temperature starting mode. In the low-temperature starting process, the output power of the fuel cell is raised from 0 kW to 23 kW, and then maintained at 23 kW (the output power will not increase if the user does not increase the demand power of the vehicle). Assuming that the demand power of the vehicle (the request power is generally small and stable when starting, for example, 10 kW, and the request power will increase when the vehicle starts to move from a static state) and the power that can be used by the fuel cell itself and accessories is 13 kW, the net output power is raised from 0 kW to 10 kW, and then maintained at 10 kW. In a low-temperature environment, the charging power of the power battery is small or even unable to charge due to the low temperature, and therefore, the net output power of the fuel cell needs to be detected in real time, so that the net output power can be reasonably distributed according to the size of the net output power. The maximum allowable charging power at different temperatures is a characteristic of the power battery itself, and can be determined according to a preset temperature-power relationship table.

[0042] It should be noted that, according to the driving demand of the driver, the net output power of the fuel cell can exceed 10 kW. However, in order to protect the power battery and the fuel cell, the maximum output power cannot exceed the sum of the maximum consumption power of the heating assembly (and the components of the fuel cell itself) and the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery at the current temperature, because if the request power exceeds the sum, the surplus power will overcharge the power battery when the load is urgently reduced (the demand power of the vehicle is rapidly reduced to 0).

[0043] Step 102: determining the request charging power of the power battery and the request consumption power of the heating assembly according to the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power.

[0044] In an embodiment, when the net output power is less than or equal to the maximum allowable charging power, the power battery can consume all the net output power at this time. In order to recover energy, all the net output power can be used for charging the power battery to reduce energy loss, and the request consumption power of the heating assembly is zero. When the net output power is greater than the maximum allowable charging power, even if the power battery recovers power at the maximum allowable charging power, it cannot consume all the net output power through recovery. Therefore, the remaining net output power after the power battery is consumed needs to be consumed, that is, the maximum allowable charging power is determined as the request charging power, and the difference between the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power is determined as the request consumption power of the heating assembly.

[0045] The above case corresponds to the case where the power battery has charging capability. For the case where the power battery does not have charging capability (i.e., the maximum allowed charging power is 0), the requested charging power is directly determined as 0 value, and the net output power is determined as the requested consumption power, so as to ensure that the power battery will not be overcharged.

[0046] Step 103: Control the power battery to charge according to the requested charging power, and determine the temperature difference of the power battery in real time.

[0047] In specific implementation, after the requested charging power of the power battery is determined, the power battery is controlled to charge according to the requested charging power, so as to realize the recovery of the net output power. Since charging of the power battery and heating of the heating assembly will increase the temperature of the power battery, when the temperature changes greatly, the temperature uniformity inside the power battery becomes poor, which leads to poor consistency of the power battery monomer battery, and further affects the service life of the power battery. Therefore, the temperature difference of the power battery needs to be monitored in real time, so as to ensure that the power battery is adjusted before the temperature uniformity inside the power battery becomes poor.

[0048] The power battery is a battery pack composed of multiple monomer batteries through series connection or parallel connection, and the consistency of the power battery monomer refers to the convergence of important characteristic parameters of a group of power battery monomers, which is a relative concept. There is no most consistent, but only more consistent. For multiple series / parallel power battery monomers in the same power battery pack, each parameter is preferably all in a small range, and is considered to have good consistency, that is, the closer the parameters of the monomer battery are to the consistency, the better.

[0049] If the consistency of the power battery monomers in the power battery pack is added with a time dimension, the consistency refers to the consistency of all characteristic parameters of all power battery monomers in the power battery pack in the whole life cycle, which increases the inconsistency of capacity attenuation, internal resistance growth, and aging rate. The ultimate goal of focusing on the consistency is to improve the service life of the whole power battery pack.

[0050] The consistency of the performance indicators of the power battery monomer includes the consistency of voltage, state of charge, capacity, internal resistance and its rate of change with time, life, electrical characteristics of electrode, electrical connection, temperature characteristics, decay speed, self-discharge rate and its rate of change with time, etc. The inconsistency of the above performance indicators will directly affect the input and output capacity and overall service life of the power battery pack during operation. Therefore, the temperature difference of the power battery needs to be monitored in real time, so as to ensure that the power battery is adjusted before the temperature uniformity inside the power battery becomes poor, so as to improve the consistency of the power battery monomer battery and the service life of the power battery.

[0051] Step 104: Control the heating assembly to heat the fuel cell and / or power battery according to the requested power consumption, and monitor the coolant temperature of the fuel cell in real time.

[0052] In specific implementation, for example, if the start type of the fuel cell is the normal temperature start mode, the power request can be directly requested according to the thermal management requirement of the vehicle and consumed. Only the heating assembly can be used to heat the requested power consumption request to provide heat to the fuel cell, power battery or vehicle, heat the coolant of the fuel cell and the power battery through local heating or vehicle thermal cycle, and monitor the coolant temperature of the fuel cell in real time to determine the exit time of the cold start mode and the start completion state of the fuel cell.

[0053] Step 105: In response to the temperature difference being greater than the preset temperature difference threshold, the net output power is redistributed until the coolant temperature of the fuel cell reaches the preset temperature threshold, and the low-temperature start of the fuel cell is completed.

[0054] In specific implementation, when the temperature difference is greater than the preset temperature difference threshold, it indicates that the temperature balance of the power battery is poor due to the large temperature change inside the power battery, which further causes the inconsistency of the power battery monomer to increase, which will shorten the service life of the power battery. Therefore, at this time, the power can be redistributed, the requested charging power of the power battery can be reduced, and the priority of heating the power battery can be reduced to maintain the power battery from heating up and ensure the consistency of the power battery monomer.

[0055] For example, as long as the temperature of the power battery exceeds -15℃, the low-temperature start mode can be exited, because at this time the power battery has certain recharging capacity and will not easily overcharge, but the coolant temperature of the fuel cell only reaches the preset temperature threshold of 40℃ to complete the start of the fuel cell. Optionally, when the fuel cell is started, the communication between the power battery, the fuel cell coolant and the thermal cycle system can be closed, or the communication between the power battery, the fuel cell coolant and the thermal cycle system can be closed after the temperature reaches a certain value (at this time, internal circulation can be used for cooling) to avoid the temperature of the power battery and the fuel cell being too high, which affects the service life of the power battery and the fuel cell.

[0056] In summary, the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell provided by the embodiment of the application avoids the problem of overcharging of the power battery under low-temperature conditions by consuming the net output power of the fuel cell by the heating assembly, and also realizes heating of the fuel cell and the power battery, improves the charging power of the power battery, realizes charging of the power battery, and enables the fuel cell to be started smoothly when the fuel cell reaches the cold starting condition and the charging power of the power battery is less than the net output power of the fuel cell, thereby ensuring that the vehicle can be powered up smoothly. When the temperature difference is greater than the preset temperature difference threshold, the net output power is redistributed to improve the uniformity of the internal temperature of the power battery and reduce the influence of the consistency of the single battery on the service life of the power battery, thereby ensuring that the fuel cell is started smoothly and improving the service life of the power battery and the fuel cell.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The redistribution of the net output power includes:

[0058] Step 201: Compare the requested charging power with the preset adjustment power.

[0059] In specific implementation, the power can be redistributed according to the preset adjustment power, that is, the requested charging power of the power battery is reduced and the requested consumption power of the heating assembly is increased according to the adjustment power, and the reduced power and the increased power are both the adjustment power, and the priority of heating the power battery in the heating assembly is also reduced, that is, the remaining devices are preferentially heated. The power adjustment according to the fixed adjustment power needs to determine whether there is enough power to adjust, so the requested charging power needs to be compared with the preset adjustment power when the power is redistributed. The power is redistributed according to the preset adjustment power, which is simple and fast, and the power reduction effect is not obvious due to the small requested charging power.

[0060] Step 202: In response to the requested charging power being less than or equal to the adjustment power, the net output power is entirely allocated as new requested consumption power.

[0061] In specific implementation, the requested charging power is less than or equal to the adjustment power, which indicates that the power that can be redistributed on the power battery side is not as large as the adjustment power that needs to be adjusted, so the entire requested charging power can be transferred at this time, and therefore the net output power is entirely used for the heating assembly, that is, the net output power is entirely allocated as new requested consumption power, and the power output to the power battery is stopped, so that the temperature of the power battery no longer rises, the uniformity of the internal temperature of the power battery is improved, and the influence of the consistency of the single battery on the service life of the power battery is reduced. Due to the limitation of the output power, the maximum value of the net output power will not exceed the maximum consumption power of the heating assembly, so the redistribution of the power is safe.

[0062] Step 203: in response to the request charging power being greater than the adjustment power, determining the difference power between the request charging power and the adjustment power as the new request charging power, and determining the sum power between the request consumption power and the adjustment power as the new request consumption power.

[0063] In specific implementation, the request charging power is greater than the adjustment power, which indicates that the power that can be redistributed on the side of the power battery at this time can meet the demand of the adjustment power, and there will still be a part of power to continue charging the power battery when the request charging power is reduced according to the adjustment power. Therefore, at this time, the request charging power can be transferred according to the adjustment power, the request charging power is reduced, the request consumption power is increased, and the reduced power value and the increased power value are both the adjustment power, that is, part of the request charging power is distributed to the request consumption power, the difference power between the request charging power and the adjustment power is determined as the new request charging power, and the sum power between the request consumption power and the adjustment power is determined as the new request consumption power. By redistributing the power, the request charging power of the power battery is reduced to avoid the temperature of the power battery from continuing to rise greatly (a small and slow rise will not have a great impact on the consistency of the power battery single battery), improve the temperature balance inside the power battery, and prolong the service life of the power battery.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 the power is redistributed, including:

[0065] Step 301: determining the actual adjustment power according to the preset adjustment ratio and the request charging power.

[0066] In specific implementation, the power can be redistributed according to the preset adjustment ratio, that is, the request charging power of the power battery is reduced according to the adjustment ratio, and at the same time, the reduced power on the side of the power battery is used to increase the request consumption power of the heating assembly, and the priority of heating the power battery in the heating assembly also needs to be reduced, that is, the remaining devices are preferentially heated. The power adjustment according to the fixed adjustment ratio needs to determine the actual adjustment power, that is, the product of the request charging power and the adjustment ratio is calculated as the actual adjustment power, so the actual adjustment power needs to be determined according to the preset adjustment ratio and the request charging power when the power is redistributed. Redistributing the power according to the adjustment ratio can ensure that the battery continues to be charged, and part of heat will still be generated, but the effect of slowing down the temperature rise is achieved, and the temperature balance inside the battery is maintained.

[0067] Step 302: determining the difference power between the request charging power and the actual adjustment power as the new request charging power, and determining the sum power between the request consumption power and the actual adjustment power as the new request consumption power.

[0068] In the implementation, the requested charging power can be transferred according to the actual adjustment power, the requested charging power is reduced, and the requested consumption power is increased. The reduced power value and the increased power value are the actual adjustment power. That is, part of the requested charging power is allocated to the requested consumption power. The difference between the requested charging power and the actual adjustment power is determined as a new requested charging power, and the sum of the requested consumption power and the actual adjustment power is determined as a new requested consumption power. By reallocating the power, the requested charging power of the power battery is reduced to avoid the temperature of the power battery from continuing to rise (a small and slow rise does not have a great impact on the consistency of the power battery cells), improve the temperature uniformity inside the power battery, and prolong the service life of the power battery.

[0069] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the method for determining the net output power of the fuel cell and the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery in the low-temperature starting mode includes: Figure 4

[0070] Step 401: Obtain the coolant temperature of the fuel cell, and determine the starting type of the fuel cell according to the coolant temperature.

[0071] In the implementation, whether the fuel cell is in the low-temperature starting mode is determined by the coolant temperature of the fuel cell. For example, when the coolant temperature of the fuel cell is lower than 5°C, the starting type of the fuel cell is determined as the low-temperature starting mode, otherwise, the starting type is determined as the normal starting mode.

[0072] Step 402: In response to the starting type being the low-temperature starting mode, start the fuel cell, and detect the output power of the fuel cell in real time.

[0073] In the implementation, after determining that the starting type is the low-temperature starting mode, the fuel cell is started, and the output power of the fuel cell is monitored in real time. When the output power is increased to the sum of the maximum allowable charging power of the heating assembly, the maximum allowable charging power of the fuel cell itself, and the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery, the output power is prohibited from being further increased. At this time, the user is reminded of the overcharging risk of the power battery. The output power is limited to ensure that when the demand power of the vehicle is reduced to 0, the vehicle can consume all the output power, thereby avoiding damage to the power battery and other electrical devices.

[0074] Step 403: Determine the demand power of the vehicle, and determine the difference between the output power and the demand power of the vehicle as the net output power.

[0075] ​In a specific implementation, the main purpose of the output power of the fuel cell is to meet the demand power of the whole vehicle. However, the demand power of the whole vehicle is small when starting, and the fuel cell needs certain conditions to start successfully. Therefore, the output power may not be equal to the demand power of the whole vehicle, and is generally greater than the demand power of the whole vehicle. Therefore, the difference between the output power and the demand power of the whole vehicle is determined as the net output power, that is, the power that needs to be additionally processed.

[0076] Step 404: Determine whether the power battery has charging capability, and if the power battery has charging capability, determine the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery.

[0077] In a specific implementation, it is further necessary to determine whether the power battery has charging capability. If the power battery has charging capability, the power battery is preferred to be used to recover the net output power. However, it is necessary to determine the power recovery capability of the power battery at low temperature, that is, to determine the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery, so as to avoid overcharging the power battery.

[0078] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the requested charging power of the power battery and the requested consumption power of the heating assembly are determined according to the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power, including: Figure 5

[0079] Step 501: Compare the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power.

[0080] In a specific implementation, the net output power is the power that needs to be consumed, and the maximum allowable charging power is the maximum power that can be recovered by the power battery. Comparing the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power can determine whether the power battery can completely recover the net output power.

[0081] Step 502: In response to the net output power being less than or equal to the maximum allowable charging power, determine the net output power as the requested charging power.

[0082] In a specific implementation, if the net output power is less than or equal to the maximum allowable charging power, it indicates that the power battery has the capability to recover all the net output power. Therefore, the net output power can be determined as the requested charging power, so as to realize the recovery of all the net output power by the power battery.

[0083] Step 503: In response to the net output power being greater than the maximum allowable charging power, determine the maximum allowable charging power as the requested charging power, and determine the difference between the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power as the requested consumption power.

[0084] ​In specific implementation, if the net output power is greater than the maximum allowed charging power, it indicates that the power battery has no ability to recover all the net output power, and the maximum allowed charging power can be determined as the requested charging power to recover the power with the maximum capacity of the power battery as much as possible. Then, the difference between the net output power and the maximum allowed charging power is determined as the requested consumption power to realize the use and consumption of the residual power and the heating of the fuel cell or the power battery to speed up the low-temperature starting process.

[0085] In some embodiments, the heating assembly includes a first electric heater, a second electric heater and an electronic water pump; as Figure 6 As shown, the control of the heating assembly to heat the fuel cell and / or the power battery according to the requested consumption power includes:

[0086] Step 601: determining a first requested power of the first electric heater and a second requested power of the electronic water pump.

[0087] In specific implementation, the first requested power of the first electric heater and the second requested power of the electronic water pump are the powers that can make the low-temperature starting process take the shortest time. In the fuel cell vehicle thermal management architecture, there are usually two electric heaters, one of which is located on the loop where the fuel cell is located and is the first electric heater used for heating the coolant in the loop where the fuel cell is located, and the other of which is located on the heating system loop and is the second electric heater used for heating the cabin and the power battery. And each electric heater has an electronic water pump on the loop where it is located.

[0088] Step 602: comparing the requested consumption power with the first requested power.

[0089] In specific implementation, the requested consumption power is the power that needs to be consumed, and the first requested power is the optimal power of the first electric heater, and the comparison of the requested consumption power with the first requested power can determine whether the first electric heater can use all the requested consumption power and make the first electric heater run at the optimal power.

[0090] Step 603: in response to the requested consumption power being less than or equal to the first requested power, controlling the first electric heater to heat the fuel cell with the requested consumption power.

[0091] In specific implementation, if the requested consumption power is less than or equal to the first requested power, it indicates that the first electric heater can also consume all the requested consumption power, and the first electric heater can be controlled to heat the fuel cell with the requested consumption power to realize the heating of the fuel cell and speed up the low-temperature starting process.

[0092] Step 604: in response to the requested consumption power being greater than the first requested power, determining a difference consumption power between the requested consumption power and the first requested power, and controlling the first electric heater to heat the fuel cell with the first requested power.

[0093] In specific implementation, if the request consumption power is greater than the first request power, it indicates that the first electric heater cannot consume all the request consumption power, and the difference between the request consumption power and the first request power can be determined as the difference consumption power, and the first electric heater is controlled to heat the fuel cell at the first request power, so as to heat the fuel cell at the first request power and accelerate the low-temperature starting process.

[0094] Step 605: comparing the difference consumption power with the second request power.

[0095] In specific implementation, the difference consumption power is the power that needs to be consumed after the first electric heater consumes, and the second request power is the optimal power of the electronic water pump, and the comparison between the difference consumption power and the second request power can determine whether the electronic water pump can use all the difference consumption power and make the electronic water pump run at the optimal power.

[0096] Step 606: in response to the difference consumption power being less than or equal to the second request power, controlling the electronic water pump to run at the difference consumption power.

[0097] In specific implementation, if the difference consumption power is less than or equal to the second request power, it indicates that the electronic water pump can consume all the difference consumption power, and the electronic water pump can be controlled to run at the difference consumption power, so as to push the coolant in the heating circuit, improve the temperature flowability of the coolant in the circuit, accelerate the heat transfer process, and further accelerate the low-temperature starting process.

[0098] Step 607: in response to the difference consumption power being greater than the second request power, controlling the electronic water pump to heat the fuel cell at the second request power, and controlling the second electric heater to heat the power battery at the difference between the difference consumption power and the second request power.

[0099] In specific implementation, if the difference consumption power is greater than the second request power, it indicates that the electronic water pump cannot consume all the difference consumption power, and the electronic water pump is controlled to heat the fuel cell at the second request power, and the second electric heater is controlled to heat the power battery at the difference between the difference consumption power and the second request power, so as to push the coolant in the heating circuit at the second request power, improve the temperature flowability of the coolant in the circuit, accelerate the heat transfer process, and further accelerate the low-temperature starting process, while heating the power battery to improve the temperature of the power battery and avoid overcharging danger.

[0100] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7 the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell further includes:

[0101] Step 701: in response to the power battery not having charging capability, comparing the net output power with the first request power.

[0102] In specific implementation, when the power battery does not have charging capability, only the net output power can be consumed by the heating assembly. The comparison between the net output power and the first requested power can determine whether the first electric heater can consume all the net output power.

[0103] Step 702: In response to the net output power being less than or equal to the first requested power, the first electric heater is controlled to heat the fuel cell at the net output power.

[0104] In specific implementation, if the net output power is less than or equal to the first requested power, it indicates that the first electric heater can consume all the net output power, and the first electric heater can be controlled to heat the fuel cell at the net output power, so as to accelerate the temperature rise of the fuel cell and the low-temperature starting process of the fuel cell.

[0105] Step 703: In response to the net output power being greater than the first requested power, a difference output power between the requested consumption power and the first requested power is determined, and the first electric heater is controlled to heat the fuel cell at the first requested power.

[0106] In specific implementation, if the net output power is greater than the first requested power, it indicates that the first electric heater cannot consume all the net output power, and the difference output power between the requested consumption power and the first requested power can be determined, and the first electric heater is controlled to heat the fuel cell at the first requested power, so as to accelerate the temperature rise of the fuel cell at the first requested power and the low-temperature starting process of the fuel cell.

[0107] Step 704: The difference output power is compared with a third requested power of the second electric heater.

[0108] In specific implementation, the comparison between the difference output power and the third requested power of the second electric heater can determine whether the second electric heater can consume all the difference output power. Since the power battery cannot be charged at this time and the temperature of the power battery cannot be improved, the power battery is preferentially heated.

[0109] Step 705: In response to the difference output power being less than or equal to the third requested power, the second electric heater is controlled to heat the power battery at the difference output power.

[0110] In specific implementation, if the difference output power is less than or equal to the third requested power, it indicates that the second electric heater can consume all the difference output power, and the second electric heater can be controlled to heat the power battery at the difference output power, so as to preferentially heat the power battery and avoid overcharging of the power battery.

[0111] Step 706: In response to the difference output power being greater than the third requested power, the second electric heater is controlled to heat the power battery at the third requested power, and the electronic water pump is controlled to operate at a difference between the difference output power and the third requested power.

[0112] In a specific implementation, if the difference output power is greater than the third requested power, it indicates that the second electric heater cannot consume all the difference output power, the second electric heater is controlled to heat the power battery at the third requested power, and the electronic water pump is controlled to operate at the difference between the difference output power and the third requested power, the power battery is preferentially heated at the third requested power to avoid overcharging of the power battery, and the electronic water pump is started to push the coolant to flow, so as to accelerate the temperature rising speed of the power battery and the fuel cell and accelerate the low-temperature starting process.

[0113] It should be noted that the method of the embodiments of the present application can be executed by a single device, such as a computer or a server. The method of the embodiments can also be applied to a distributed scenario, and be completed by multiple devices cooperating with each other. In this distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices can only execute one or more steps in the method of the embodiments of the present application, and the multiple devices can interact with each other to complete the method.

[0114] It should be noted that some embodiments of the present application have been described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in a different order than the order described above and still achieve desirable results. Additionally, the processes depicted in the figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve the desired results. In certain implementations, multitasking and parallel processing can be advantageous.

[0115] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a low-temperature starting device of a fuel cell corresponding to the method of any of the above embodiments.

[0116] Reference Figure 8 The low-temperature starting device of the fuel cell comprises:

[0117] The power determination module 10 is configured to determine the net output power of the fuel cell and the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery in the low-temperature starting mode.

[0118] The power distribution module 20 is configured to determine the requested charging power of the power battery and the requested consumption power of the heating assembly according to the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power.

[0119] The temperature difference determination module 30 is configured to control the power battery to be charged according to the requested charging power, and determine the temperature difference of the power battery in real time.

[0120] The heating module 40 is configured to control the heating assembly to heat the coolant according to the requested consumption power, and monitor the coolant temperature in real time.

[0121] The power determination module 50 is configured to: in response to the temperature difference being greater than the preset temperature difference threshold, re-allocate the net output power until the coolant temperature of the fuel cell reaches the preset temperature threshold, and the low-temperature starting of the fuel cell is completed.

[0122] For the convenience of description, the above apparatus is described in various modules in terms of functions. Of course, in the implementation of the present application, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0123] The apparatus of the above embodiments is used to implement the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell in any of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which are not described here again.

[0124] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides an electronic device corresponding to the method of any of the above embodiments, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell according to any of the above embodiments.

[0125] Figure 9 A more specific hardware structure of an electronic device according to the present embodiment is shown in the schematic diagram, which can include a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. The processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040 are connected to each other through the bus 1050 for communication within the device.

[0126] The processor 1010 can be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits, etc., for executing related programs to implement the technical solutions provided by the present embodiment.

[0127] The memory 1020 can be implemented by a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 can store an operating system and other application programs, and when the technical solutions provided by the present embodiment are implemented by software or firmware, the related program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and executed by the processor 1010.

[0128] The input / output interface 1030 is configured to connect an input / output module to realize information input and output. The input / output module can be configured in the device (not shown in the figure) or externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. The input device can include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc., and the output device can include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, etc.

[0129] The communication interface 1040 is configured to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to realize communication interaction between the device and other devices. The communication module can realize communication through a wired manner (such as a USB, a network cable, etc.) or a wireless manner (such as a mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0130] The bus 1050 includes a channel to transmit information between various components (such as the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040) of the device.

[0131] It should be noted that although the above device only shows the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, the communication interface 1040, and the bus 1050, in the specific implementation process, the device can also include other components necessary for normal operation. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that the above device can also only include components necessary for implementing the embodiments of the present specification, and does not necessarily include all the components shown in the figure.

[0132] The electronic device of the above embodiments is used to implement the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell in any of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which are not repeated here.

[0133] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the method of any of the above embodiments, the present application also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0134] The computer readable medium of the embodiments includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, which can realize information storage by any method or technology. The information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassette, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device.

[0135] The storage medium of the above-mentioned embodiments stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell as described in any of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which are not repeated here.

[0136] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a vehicle comprising the electronic device in the above examples and executing the low-temperature starting method of the fuel cell as described in any of the above embodiments by the electronic device.

[0137] It can be understood that before using the technical solutions of various embodiments in the present disclosure, the user will be informed of the type, use range, use scenario, etc. of the personal information involved by appropriate means, and the authorization of the user will be obtained.

[0138] For example, in response to receiving the user's active request, the user is sent prompt information to explicitly prompt the user that the operation requested to be performed will require obtaining and using the user's personal information. Thus, the user can voluntarily choose whether to provide personal information to the software or hardware such as electronic devices, application programs, servers or storage media that perform the technical solutions of the present disclosure according to the prompt information.

[0139] As an optional but not limited implementation manner, in response to accepting the user's active request, the way of sending prompt information to the user may, for example, be a pop-up window manner, in which the prompt information can be presented in the form of text. In addition, the pop-up window can also carry selection controls for the user to select "agree" or "disagree" to provide personal information to the electronic device.

[0140] It can be understood that the above notification and user authorization process is only illustrative and does not limit the implementation manner of the present disclosure, and other ways that meet the relevant laws and regulations can also be applied to the implementation manner of the present disclosure.

[0141] Those of ordinary skill in the art will realize that the foregoing discussion of any of the embodiments has been presented for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to limit the scope of the application (including the claims) to the examples set forth in the description or the description as otherwise exemplified by the description and drawings. In this regard, any feature of the examples described herein can be combined with another example, or used in another example, to produce yet another example within the scope of the present application. Thus, techniques from all embodiments can be combined in order to arrive at the desired design within the scope of the present application.

[0142] In addition, for simplicity and clarity of illustration, power / ground connections to some of integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components can or can not be shown throughout the Figures. Further, as commonly has occurred in the related arts, some of the drawings can not be to scale, and the dimensions of certain features can have been exaggerated for the sake of clarity and illustration. Also, it should be noted that the term "comprising" is used herein in the transition sense, and can be open-ended or closed- ended depending on the context in which it is used. For example, when the open-ended transition term "comprising" is used, it will be understood implicitly that an item includes at least one of the features / method acts mentioned in the same group, but it does not require necessarily including the features / method acts of the same group. When the closed-ended transition term "comprising" is used, it will be understood implicitly that an item includes exactly the features / method acts of the same group. When the phrase "consisting of is used, it will be understood implicitly that an item includes exactly only the features / method acts of the same group. Likewise, the term "comprising" is also used in the transitional sense, and can be open-ended or closed- ended depending on the context in which it is used. For example, when the open-ended transition term "comprising" is used, it will be understood implicitly that an item includes at least one of the features / method acts mentioned in the same group, but it does not require necessarily including the features / method acts of the same group. When the closed-ended transition term "comprising" is used, it will be understood implicitly that an item includes exactly the features / method acts of the same group. Likewise, the term "consisting of is also used in the transitional sense, and can be open-ended or closed- ended depending on the context in which it is used. For example, when the open-ended transition term "consisting of is used, it will be understood implicitly that an item includes at least one of the features / method acts mentioned in the same group, but it does not require necessarily including the features / method acts of the same group. When the closed-ended transition term "consisting of is used, it will be understood implicitly that an item includes exactly the features / method acts of the same group.

[0143] Although the present application has been described in connection with certain specific embodiments thereof, numerous modifications, alterations, and variations can be made by persons of ordinary skill in the art and it is therefore intended that the present application not be limited to the particular embodiments described but rather will include any and all embodiments that are within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.

[0144] It is intended, therefore, that the application be considered as in all respects only illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are reserved.

Claims

1. A method of low temperature start-up of a fuel cell, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: determining the net output power of the fuel cell and the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery in the low-temperature starting mode; determining the requested charging power of the power battery and the requested consumption power of the heating assembly according to the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power; controlling the power battery to be charged according to the requested charging power, and determining the temperature difference of the power battery in real time; controlling the heating assembly to heat the fuel cell and / or the power battery according to the requested consumption power, and monitoring the coolant temperature of the fuel cell in real time; in response to the temperature difference being greater than a preset temperature difference threshold, redistributing the net output power until the coolant temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature threshold, and the low-temperature starting of the fuel cell is completed; wherein the redistribution of the net output power comprises: comparing the requested charging power with a preset adjustment power; in response to the requested charging power being less than or equal to the adjustment power, distributing the net output power as the new requested consumption power; in response to the requested charging power being greater than the adjustment power, determining the difference power between the requested charging power and the adjustment power as the new requested charging power, and determining the sum power between the requested consumption power and the adjustment power as the new requested consumption power.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The redistribution of the net output power comprises: determining the actual adjustment power according to a preset adjustment ratio and the requested charging power; determining the difference power between the requested charging power and the actual adjustment power as the new requested charging power, and determining the sum power between the requested consumption power and the actual adjustment power as the new requested consumption power.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the net output power of the fuel cell and the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery in the low-temperature starting mode comprises: obtaining the coolant temperature of the fuel cell, and determining the starting type of the fuel cell according to the coolant temperature; in response to the starting type being the low-temperature starting mode, starting the fuel cell, and detecting the output power of the fuel cell in real time; determining the demand power of the whole vehicle, and determining the difference between the output power and the demand power as the net output power; determining whether the power battery has charging capability, and if the power battery has charging capability, determining the maximum allowable charging power of the power battery.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the requested charging power of the power battery and the requested consumption power of the heating assembly according to the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power comprises: comparing the net output power with the maximum allowable charging power; in response to the net output power being less than or equal to the maximum allowable charging power, determining the net output power as the requested charging power; in response to the net output power being greater than the maximum allowable charging power, determining the maximum allowable charging power as the requested charging power, and determining the difference between the net output power and the maximum allowable charging power as the requested consumption power.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The heating assembly comprises a first electric heater, a second electric heater, and an electronic water pump; The control of the heating assembly according to the request power consumption heats the fuel cell and / or the power battery, comprising: determining the first request power of the first electric heater and the second request power of the electronic water pump; comparing the request power consumption and the first request power; in response to the request power consumption being less than or equal to the first request power, controlling the first electric heater to heat the fuel cell at the request power consumption; in response to the request power consumption being greater than the first request power, determining the difference value power consumption of the request power consumption and the first request power, and controlling the first electric heater to heat the fuel cell at the first request power; comparing the difference value power consumption and the second request power; in response to the difference value power consumption being less than or equal to the second request power, controlling the electronic water pump to operate at the difference value power consumption; in response to the difference value power consumption being greater than the second request power, controlling the electronic water pump to heat the fuel cell at the second request power, and controlling the second electric heater to heat the power battery at the difference value of the difference value power consumption and the second request power.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, Also comprising: in response to the power battery not having charging capability, comparing the net output power and the first request power; in response to the net output power being less than or equal to the first request power, controlling the first electric heater to heat the fuel cell at the net output power; in response to the net output power being greater than the first request power, determining the difference value output power of the request power consumption and the first request power, and controlling the first electric heater to heat the fuel cell at the first request power; comparing the difference value output power and the third request power of the second electric heater; in response to the difference value output power being less than or equal to the third request power, controlling the second electric heater to heat the power battery at the difference value output power; in response to the difference value output power being greater than the third request power, controlling the second electric heater to heat the power battery at the third request power, and controlling the electronic water pump to operate at the difference value of the difference value output power and the third request power.

7. A low temperature starting device for a fuel cell, characterized by comprising: Comprising: a power determination module configured to determine the net output power of the fuel cell and the maximum allowed charging power of the power battery in a low-temperature starting mode; a power distribution module configured to determine the request charging power of the power battery and the request power consumption of the heating assembly according to the net output power and the maximum allowed charging power; a temperature difference determination module configured to control the power battery to charge according to the request charging power, and determine the temperature difference of the power battery in real time; a heating module configured to control the heating assembly to heat the coolant according to the request power consumption, and monitor the coolant temperature in real time; The power determination module is configured to: in response to the temperature difference being greater than a preset temperature difference threshold, re-allocate the net output power until a coolant temperature of the fuel cell reaches a preset temperature threshold, and the low-temperature starting of the fuel cell is completed. The re-allocating the net output power comprises: comparing the requested charging power with a preset adjustment power; in response to the requested charging power being less than or equal to the adjustment power, allocating the net output power as a new requested consumption power; in response to the requested charging power being greater than the adjustment power, determining a difference power between the requested charging power and the adjustment power as a new requested charging power, and determining a sum power between the requested consumption power and the adjustment power as a new requested consumption power.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the program.

9. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The electronic device of claim 8 is included. The electronic device of claim 8 is included.

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