Anaerobic reactor capable of rapid startup and method of using the same

Abstract

Provided are an anaerobic reactor that can be quickly started and a method for using the same. The anaerobic reactor includes a reaction tank, one or more modular packing layers, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. The reaction tank includes a tank body and a top cover, and the top cover is detachably connected to the tank body. The one or more modular packing layers are detachably arranged on the tank body, and the modular packing layer includes a plurality of packing modules, and the packing modules are frame structures capable of loading packing. The plurality of packing modules are detachably arranged on the modular packing layer, and the packing modules are capable of transplanting anaerobic sludge. The inlet pipe extends from the external water inlet end to the interior of the tank body. The outlet pipe extends from the interior of the tank body to the exterior of the tank body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and in particular to a fast-start anaerobic reactor and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Anaerobic wastewater treatment technology involves the conversion of organic matter in wastewater into CO2 and CH4 under anaerobic conditions, using a variety of microorganisms. Compared to aerobic biological treatment, anaerobic treatment offers lower costs, higher equipment load tolerance, and the ability to hydrolyze complex organic matter in wastewater, increasing the wastewater's B / C ratio (BOD5 to COD ratio, representing the ratio of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) to chemical oxygen demand (COD), which indicates the biodegradability of wastewater). Anaerobic treatment technology can also generate valuable biogas energy.

[0003] In the anaerobic treatment process, the cultivation of granular sludge is the most critical process step. Granular anaerobic sludge is mostly oval in shape, but some are spherical or rod-shaped. It can include various anaerobic microorganisms, extracellular polymers and minerals, and can be used to treat high-concentration organic wastewater and heavy metal-contaminated wastewater, treat industrial wastewater or high-concentration polluted wastewater, produce methane, and remove nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater. The sludge cultivation cycle of conventional anaerobic processes is at least about 60 days, while the sludge cultivation cycle for difficult-to-degrade wastewater takes longer. As the demand for engineering construction and production development continues to increase, shortening the granular sludge cultivation and debugging cycle and quickly starting the anaerobic reactor to reach normal full load state are one of the problems that need to be solved in the field of anaerobic treatment technology.

[0004] Furthermore, when treating scaling-prone wastewater, anaerobic reactors can become compacted after a period of operation, with scaling forming on their internal structure and packing. Cleaning and maintaining compacted anaerobic reactors is difficult, and maintenance cycles are long. Furthermore, each maintenance cycle requires re-cultivation of granular sludge, severely impacting the reusability of the equipment.

[0005] CN202148308U discloses a modular anaerobic reactor, which includes a reactor shell and an overflow cleaning port, a temperature sensor, and an inspection port installed on the top of the reactor shell, two base brackets installed at the bottom of the reactor shell, and a sewage pipe, a biogas pipe, an overflow pipe, and a warming device. The modular anaerobic reactor also includes a hydraulic circulation stirring device, which includes a stirring pipe and a feed pipe. The stirring pipe is installed at the bottom of the reactor shell, and the top of the stirring pipe extends upward to the upper part of the raw material in the reactor shell. The feed pipe is installed at the bottom of the reactor shell. The stirring pipe and the feed pipe are connected to the input and output ports of the external circulation pump respectively.

[0006] The modular anaerobic reactor disclosed in the aforementioned utility model patent can be integrated into multiple reactors to improve the convenience of engineering maintenance. However, this solution treats the entire reactor as a module, without modularizing the internal structure of each reactor to facilitate startup or maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application is made in view of the above-mentioned state of the prior art. The purpose of this application is to provide an anaerobic reactor with modular packing layers that can be quickly started and a method for using the anaerobic reactor that can be quickly started.

[0008] The present application provides an anaerobic reactor that can be quickly started, which includes a reaction tank, one or more modular packing layers, a water inlet pipe, and a water outlet pipe.

[0009] The reaction tank comprises a tank body and a top cover, wherein the top cover is detachably connected to the tank body.

[0010] The one or more modular packing layers are detachably mounted on the tank body, wherein the modular packing layers include a plurality of packing modules, each of which is a frame structure capable of loading packing.

[0011] The plurality of filler modules are detachably arranged on the modular filler layer, and the filler modules are capable of transplanting anaerobic sludge.

[0012] The water inlet pipe extends from the external water inlet end to the interior of the tank body.

[0013] The water outlet pipe extends from the inside of the tank body to the outside of the tank body.

[0014] In at least one possible embodiment, the modular packing layer further comprises a plurality of module positioning pins, a support structure, a plurality of packing layer positioning pins,

[0015] The support structure is detachably connected to the tank body, and the support structure has a module slot, and the filler module is detachably arranged in the module slot.

[0016] The module positioning pins can position the filler module to the support structure, and the support structure can support the multiple filler modules at the same height.

[0017] The packing layer locating pins are capable of locating the support structure to the tank body.

[0018] In at least one possible embodiment, the one or more modular packing layers include at least one ultrasonic generator, which can enhance the adsorption performance and mass transfer effect of anaerobic sludge and enhance the wastewater treatment capacity.

[0019] In at least one possible embodiment, the rapidly startable anaerobic reactor further includes a circulating water inlet, a circulating water outlet, and a circulating pump.

[0020] The circulating water inlet is set at the lower part of the tank body,

[0021] The circulating water outlet is set at the upper part of the tank body,

[0022] The circulating pump extracts the water inside the reaction tank from the circulating water outlet and then pumps it into the reaction tank from the circulating water inlet to form a circulating water flow, thereby driving the liquid flow in the reaction tank and promoting the operation of the anaerobic reactor.

[0023] The flow rate of the circulating water is 0.5 to 2.5 meters per second.

[0024] In at least one possible embodiment, the fast-start anaerobic reactor further includes a water outlet return port, which is provided at the upper portion of the tank body to re-introduce part of the water discharged from the outlet pipe into the reaction tank.

[0025] In at least one possible embodiment, the water inlet pipe is provided at the lower portion of the tank body, and a portion of the water inlet pipe extending into the interior of the tank body is evenly formed with a plurality of openings toward the bottom of the tank body.

[0026] The orientation of the opening forms an angle greater than or equal to 45 degrees with the vertical direction.

[0027] In at least one possible embodiment, the water outlet pipe extends from the lower part of the tank body to the upper part of the tank body and forms a plurality of water outlets at different heights.

[0028] In at least one possible embodiment, the anaerobic reactor capable of rapid startup further comprises a liquid level gauge, a thermometer, and a pH meter.

[0029] The liquid level meter, the thermometer, and the pH meter are arranged on the tank body in an inclined manner relative to the wall of the tank body, and the angle of inclination relative to the wall is 45 degrees to 70 degrees.

[0030] The pH value of the liquid inside the reaction tank is maintained at 6.8 to 7.8,

[0031] The heating rate of the interior of the reaction tank does not exceed 1 degree Celsius per hour.

[0032] In at least one possible embodiment, the tank body is a multi-section structure, each section of the tank body is provided with the modular filler layer, and each section of the tank body is connected by a segmented tank body connecting device.

[0033] The present application also provides a method for using a quick-start anaerobic reactor, which uses the quick-start anaerobic reactor described above.

[0034] Before the anaerobic reactor is started, the cultured anaerobic sludge is transplanted to the multiple packing modules of the one or more modular packing layers outside the reaction tank, and the packing modules transplanted with the anaerobic sludge are installed in the reaction tank, and the wastewater to be treated is introduced after cultivation.

[0035] The quick-start anaerobic reactor provided in this application has modular packing layers and packing modules that are easy to install, disassemble, replace, and repair. While the anaerobic reactor is operating, the packing modules can be independently removed for repair or replacement without affecting the operation of the anaerobic reactor. The quick-start anaerobic reactor can be used to directly transplant cultured anaerobic sludge through the modular packing layer before the anaerobic reactor is started, effectively shortening the startup and commissioning time of the anaerobic reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an anaerobic reactor according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Description of Reference Numerals

[0038] 110 reaction tank

[0039] 111 tank

[0040] 112 Top Cover

[0041] 120 modular packing layers

[0042] 121 Filling module

[0043] 122 module positioning pin

[0044] 123 Ultrasonic Generator

[0045] 124 Support Structure

[0046] 125 Packing layer positioning pin

[0047] 130 water inlet pipe

[0048] 140 water outlet pipe

[0049] 141 Low liquid level outlet

[0050] 142 medium level water outlet

[0051] 143 High liquid level outlet

[0052] 151 Circulation water inlet

[0053] 152 circulating water outlet

[0054] 160 Water outlet and return port

[0055] 171 Liquid Level Gauge

[0056] 172 Thermometer

[0057] 173 pH meter

[0058] 180 Biogas emission outlet

[0059] 191 Quick-release top cover connection device

[0060] 192 Segmented tank connection device DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following describes exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these specific descriptions are only used to teach those skilled in the art how to implement the present application, and are not intended to exhaust all possible embodiments of the present application, nor to limit the scope of the present application.

[0062] An embodiment of the present application provides a fast-start anaerobic reactor (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “anaerobic reactor”), which may include a reaction tank 110 , one or more modular packing layers 120 , an inlet pipe 130 , and an outlet pipe 140 .

[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the reaction tank 110 may include a tank body 111 and a top cover 112, and the tank body 111 may be connected to the top cover 112. One or more modular packing layers 120 may be removably mounted within the tank body 111. The modular packing layer 120 may include multiple packing modules 121, which are removably mounted to the modular packing layer 120. The packing modules 121 may be of a frame structure. It is understood that the packing modules 121 are connected to the modular packing layer 120 in a pluggable manner for easy installation and removal, thereby reducing the time required for installation, removal, and replacement of the packing modules 121. An inlet pipe 130 and an outlet pipe 140 may be disposed within the tank body 111. The inlet pipe 130 may extend from an external water inlet end to the interior of the tank body 111. It is understood that the water introduced into the tank body 111 by the inlet pipe 130 may be wastewater to be anaerobically treated. The outlet pipe 140 may extend from the interior of the tank body 111 to the exterior of the tank body 111.

[0064] Preferably, the filler module 121 can directly transplant sludge, primarily composed of methanogens, that has been cultured outside the reactor 110 to shorten the startup time of the anaerobic reactor. Anaerobic granular sludge can be used as the sludge. More preferably, the filler module 121 can contain a mixture of multiple sludge types to avoid a single sludge source. It is understood that mixing multiple sludge types can enhance their activity, thereby achieving better wastewater treatment results.

[0065] Preferably, the amount of inoculated sludge in the modular packing layer 120 is not less than 10% of its volume. It is understood that the greater the amount of inoculated sludge, the shorter the time required to debug and start the anaerobic reactor.

[0066] As can be appreciated, modular packing layer 120 allows for direct transplantation of, for example, methanogen-based sludge, effectively reducing the commissioning cycle of anaerobic reactors compared to traditional sludge cultivation methods. Conventional anaerobic commissioning takes approximately 60 days, but using the aforementioned packing module 121 for direct sludge transplantation can reduce this period to under 30 days.

[0067] Fillers generally refer to materials that are placed inside other objects. In wastewater treatment, they are primarily used in contact oxidation processes. Microorganisms accumulate on the surface of the fillers, increasing contact with the wastewater and degrading it.

[0068] Preferably, the packing module 121 in the modular packing layer 120 can be selectively provided with a combination of packings or a single packing according to the properties of the different types of wastewater to be treated. It can be understood that the packing module 121 has a wide variety of packings, a wide range of choices, and strong targeting, which is conducive to the cultivation of sludge.

[0069] Preferably, the frame structure of the packing module 121 can be made of stainless steel. The packing module 121 can be provided with a feeding port. When using a suspended filler, powdered bituminous coal, activated carbon, or flocculants can be added into the packing module through the feeding port, further facilitating the rapid formation of anaerobic granular sludge. More preferably, the powdered bituminous coal, activated carbon, or flocculants can account for 2% to 3% of the volume of the packing module 121. It is understood that the external stainless steel structure of the packing module 121 can have openings, holes, or other structures without affecting the contact between the filler, sludge, etc. inside the packing module and the wastewater.

[0070] Preferably, the tank body 111 can be connected to the top cover 112 via a quick-release top cover connection device 191, so as to facilitate the installation and removal of the top cover 112 and the replacement of the modular packing layer 120, thereby shortening the debugging time.

[0071] Preferably, the water inlet pipe 130 can be set to the lower part of the tank body 111, and the portion of the water inlet pipe 130 extending into the interior of the tank body 111 can form multiple openings evenly toward the bottom of the tank body 111. The angle of the openings toward the bottom can be adjusted. Preferably, the openings can form an angle greater than or equal to 45 degrees with the vertical direction. It is understood that the portion of the water inlet pipe 130 extending into the interior of the tank body 111 can be bent to form a "M"-shaped or "U"-shaped pipe to make the water distribution of the water inlet pipe 130 in the tank body 111 more uniform.

[0072] Preferably, the anaerobic reactor may have an automated control system, which may include a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or other devices.

[0073] Preferably, the water outlet pipe 140 can extend from the lower part of the tank body 111 to the upper part of the tank body 111 to form multiple water outlets at different heights (water levels). Figure 1 A low-level water outlet 141, a medium-level water outlet 142, and a high-level water outlet 143 are formed in the reactor 110. The low-level water outlet 141, the medium-level water outlet 142, and the high-level water outlet 143 can be connected to a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The parameters set by the PLC can intelligently select one or more of the low-level water outlet 141, the medium-level water outlet 142, and the high-level water outlet 143 for use based on parameters such as the water inlet volume during operation or debugging of the anaerobic reactor. It can be understood that during debugging, debugging can be started only when the liquid level in the reaction tank 110 reaches the height of the low-level water outlet 141, without having to wait for the wastewater to fill the entire anaerobic reactor, thereby shortening the debugging time.

[0074] Furthermore, the modular packing layer 120 may also include a plurality of module positioning pins 122, an ultrasonic generator 123, a support structure 124, and a packing layer positioning pin 125. The support structure 124 is detachably connected to the tank body 111. The support structure 124 may have a module slot, and the packing module 121 is detachably arranged in the module slot. The module positioning pin 122 can be used for positioning the packing module 121. The support structure 124 can support multiple packing modules 121 at the same height (liquid level). Exemplarily, the support structure 124 can be a plate-shaped support member arranged above and / or below the multiple packing modules 121. The packing layer positioning pin 125 can be used to position the support structure 124, thereby forming support for the entire modular packing layer 120.

[0075] It is understood that the module locating pins 122 and the packing layer locating pins 122 can also be replaced by bolts. Preferably, the bolts can be stainless steel bolts. Preferably, the bolts can be quick-open bolts to facilitate installation and removal, replacement of the packing module, etc.

[0076] Preferably, the ultrasonic generator 123 can be a low-frequency ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic action can make the enzyme molecular conformation more reasonable and stimulate enzyme activity. It is understood that the mechanical vibration effect and steady-state cavitation effect generated by the low-intensity ultrasonic action process can disperse the anaerobic sludge flocs, enhance their adsorption performance and mass transfer effect, accelerate biological reactions, and enhance the wastewater treatment capacity of anaerobic organisms. In particular, the above-mentioned effects of ultrasound are more obvious under low temperature conditions (5-10°C). It is understood that each modular packing layer 120 can be equipped with an ultrasonic generator 123 according to actual needs.

[0077] Furthermore, the tank body 111 may be a multi-section tank body structure, and each section of the tank body structure may be connected to each other by a segmented tank body connecting device 192. Each section of the tank body structure may be provided with a modular packing layer. For example, Figure 1 As shown, the tank body 111 can be divided into two sections, which can be connected by a segmented tank connecting device 192. It can be understood that the segmented tank structure facilitates the installation, removal, and replacement of the modular packing layer 120, which helps to shorten the commissioning and startup time of the anaerobic reactor.

[0078] Furthermore, the anaerobic reactor may also include a water outlet return port 160, that is, the anaerobic reactor may have a water outlet return system. The water outlet return port 160 may be provided at the upper portion of the tank body 111. Preferably, the water outlet return port 160 may be provided at the upper portion of the modular packing layer 120. Under certain operating conditions, the anaerobic reactor may re-introduce a portion of the effluent discharged from the outlet pipe 140 of the anaerobic reactor into the anaerobic reactor to recover part of the lost sludge and buffering substances in the effluent, and balance the pH value (hydrogen ion concentration index) of the reactor. Preferably, the effluent return system may also include a bypass pipe, through which a certain amount of alkali solution may be introduced into the anaerobic reactor to adjust the pH value of the liquid inside the anaerobic reactor.

[0079] Furthermore, the anaerobic reactor may further include a circulating water inlet 151, a circulating water outlet 152, and a circulating pump. Figure 1As shown, the circulating water inlet 151 can be set at the lower part of the tank body 111, and the circulating water outlet 152 can be set to the upper part of the tank body 111. Preferably, the circulating water inlet 151 can be set below the modular packing layer 120, and the circulating water outlet 152 can be set above the modular packing layer 120. The circulating water can be provided with flow power by an external circulating pump. It can be understood that the water inside the reaction tank 110 can be extracted from the circulating water outlet 152 by the circulating pump and then pumped into the reaction tank 110 through the circulating water inlet 151 to form a circulating water flow. The circulating water flow flows from the bottom of the tank body 111 to the upper part of the tank body 111, which can drive the liquid flow in the reaction tank 111 and promote the operation of the anaerobic reactor.

[0080] Preferably, the speed of the circulating water from the bottom of the tank 111 to the upper part of the tank 111 can be 0.5-2.5 m / s (meters per second). It is understood that the circulation volume of the circulating water can be adjusted in real time according to the operating load of the anaerobic reactor.

[0081] Furthermore, the sidewalls of the tank body 111 may be provided with a liquid level gauge 171, a thermometer 172, and a pH meter 173. It is understood that the anaerobic reactor may include parameter control systems such as a temperature control system and an acid-base neutralization system. The liquid level gauge 171 can monitor the liquid level within the reactor tank 110. The liquid level gauge 171 can be interlocked with the outlet pipe 140 and its multiple outlets, the outlet return port 160 (the outlet return system), and other components to provide real-time control over the operation of the outlet pipe 140 and its multiple outlets, and the outlet return port 160, ensuring continuous and stable system operation. The thermometer 172 can monitor the temperature within the reactor tank 110. The thermometer 172 can be interlocked with the anaerobic reactor's temperature control system to regulate the temperature within the anaerobic reactor. The pH meter 173 can monitor the pH value of the liquid within the reactor tank 110. The pH meter 173 can be interlocked with the anaerobic reactor's water inlet pipe 130, the acid-base neutralization system, and other components to regulate the pH value of the liquid within the anaerobic reactor.

[0082] Preferably, the level gauge 171, thermometer 172, and pH meter 173 can be tilted relative to the tank body 111. More preferably, the tilt angle can be 45 to 70 degrees relative to the wall of the tank body 111. It can be understood that the tilted setting can reduce the blockage of the instrument ports and reduce the frequency of instrument cleaning.

[0083] Preferably, the heating rate inside the anaerobic reactor may not exceed 1°C / h (degrees Celsius per hour) to ensure stability inside the anaerobic reactor.

[0084] Preferably, the pH value of the liquid inside the anaerobic reactor can be maintained at 6.8 to 7.8 to ensure stability inside the anaerobic reactor.

[0085] It is understood that the operating temperature of the anaerobic reactor can be divided into multiple temperature ranges based on the properties of the wastewater and other materials in the reactor. For example, the operating temperature can be divided into three ranges: high, medium, and low. For example, when the wastewater to be treated is high-concentration organic wastewater such as landfill leachate, the temperature of the anaerobic reactor can be 30 to 35 degrees Celsius. The temperature control system can maintain the temperature within a certain range to maintain stable sludge activity.

[0086] Preferably, the top cover 112 may be provided with a biogas discharge port 180 to discharge the biogas generated in the reaction tank 110 .

[0087] Furthermore, the wastewater introduced into the anaerobic reactor may be pre-treated. Generally, the pre-treatment of wastewater may include filtration, flotation, mixing, neutralization, etc.

[0088] Preferably, the pretreatment process applicable to the anaerobic reactor may include at least one of the following:

[0089] (1) Filtration: Filter the waste liquid to control the suspended solids concentration of the waste liquid to ≤100 mg / L.

[0090] (2) Flotation: remove oil by flotation and control the oil content of wastewater to ≤20mg / L.

[0091] (3) Mixing: by taking wastewater with different organic pollutant concentrations and mixing them until the C:N:P (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration ratio) is 100:(1~10):(1~5), the balance of nutrients in the wastewater is ensured.

[0092] (4) Neutralization: The pH value of wastewater can be adjusted in advance to maintain it in the range of 6.8 to 7.2, so that the anaerobic microorganisms in the sludge are in the best working conditions.

[0093] Pre-treating the wastewater through the above-mentioned pretreatment process is beneficial to the operation of the anaerobic reactor and can shorten the start-up and commissioning time of the anaerobic reactor.

[0094] Furthermore, modular packing layer 120 can be pre-treated with a biofilm before use. Biofilm formation, also known as biofilm formation, involves microorganisms adhering to the surface of a carrier to form a biofilm. As wastewater flows through the carrier surface, organic matter and dissolved oxygen in the wastewater diffuse into the biofilm. Microorganisms within the biofilm decompose and synthesize the organic matter, while the decomposed metabolites diffuse from the biofilm into the aqueous phase and air, thereby degrading the organic matter in the wastewater.

[0095] Preferably, the modular packing layer 120 can be preformed aerobic biofilm formation. This involves first operating the modular packing layer in a conventional biochemical tank for approximately 5 to 10 days to allow a uniform biofilm to form on both the inner and outer surfaces of the packing. The modular packing layer is then placed in static contact with anaerobic sludge for 24 hours, maintaining a carbon source supply, to form a new anaerobic biofilm. This method facilitates the attachment and growth of anaerobic bacteria and shortens the biofilm formation time of the anaerobic reactor.

[0096] It is understood that the anaerobic reactor provided in this embodiment is applicable to various types of conventional wastewater. In particular, when treating organic wastewater that is prone to scaling, the anaerobic reactor has a modular packing layer that is easy to install, disassemble and replace. Compared with traditional anaerobic wastewater treatment equipment, the startup and maintenance time of the anaerobic reactor can be greatly shortened.

[0097] An embodiment of the present application further provides a method for using a fast-start anaerobic reactor, which uses the aforementioned fast-start anaerobic reactor.

[0098] Before the anaerobic reactor is started, the cultured anaerobic sludge is transplanted to multiple packing modules 121 of one or more modular packing layers 120 outside the reaction tank 110, and the packing modules 121 transplanted with anaerobic sludge are installed in the reaction tank 110. After cultivation, the wastewater to be treated is introduced.

[0099] The following briefly describes some of the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application.

[0100] (1) The embodiments of the present application provide a quick-start anaerobic reactor and a method of using the same, which uses a modular packing layer that can be quickly loaded and replaced, and can greatly shorten the startup time of the anaerobic reactor. Compared with the 60-day commissioning cycle of conventional anaerobic commissioning, the anaerobic reactor provided by this embodiment can shorten the commissioning cycle to less than 30 days. At the same time, since the modular packing layer can be quickly disassembled and assembled, the maintenance time of the anaerobic reactor can be greatly shortened. Therefore, the anaerobic reactor is particularly suitable for the treatment of organic wastewater that is prone to scaling, and the scaling packing layer can be quickly repaired and replaced. The tank body of the anaerobic reactor can be connected in sections, which further improves the convenience of installation, disassembly and replacement of the modular packing layer.

[0101] (2) The embodiments of the present application provide a rapid-start anaerobic reactor and its method of use, which may include an ultrasonic generator that can disperse sludge flocs, enhance their adsorption performance and mass transfer effect, accelerate biological reactions, and enhance the anaerobic wastewater biological treatment capacity. It may also include a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet to drive the flow of liquid in the reaction tank and promote the operation of the anaerobic reactor.

[0102] It is understood that in this application, when the number of parts or components is not specifically limited, the number may be one or more, and the term "plurality" herein refers to two or more. Where the number of parts or components is shown in the drawings and / or described in the specification as a specific number, such as two, three, or four, the specific number is generally illustrative and not restrictive, and may be understood as a plurality, i.e., two or more. However, this does not mean that this application excludes the case of one.

[0103] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and changes to the above embodiments based on the teachings of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A quick-start anaerobic reactor, characterized in that: It includes a reaction tank (110), a plurality of modular packing layers (120), a water inlet pipe (130), and a water outlet pipe (140). The reaction tank (110) comprises a tank body (111) and a top cover (112), wherein the top cover (112) is detachably connected to the tank body (111). The plurality of modular packing layers (120) are detachably mounted on the tank body (111). The tank body (111) is a multi-segment structure segmented in the height direction. Each segment of the tank body (111) is provided with the modular packing layer (120). The modular packing layer (120) includes a plurality of packing modules (121). The packing modules (121) are frame structures capable of loading packing. The plurality of filler modules (121) are detachably arranged on the modular filler layer (120), and the filler modules (121) are capable of transplanting anaerobic sludge. The water inlet pipe (130) extends from the external water inlet end to the interior of the tank body (111). The water outlet pipe (140) extends from the inside of the tank body (111) to the outside of the tank body (111), and the water outlet pipe (140) extends from the lower part of the tank body (111) to the upper part of the tank body (111) to form a plurality of water outlets at different heights. The anaerobic reactor further comprises an outlet water return system, wherein an outlet water return port (160) of the outlet water return system is arranged on the upper part of the modular packing layer (120) on the upper part of the tank body (111) so as to re-introduce part of the outlet water discharged from the outlet pipe (140) into the reaction tank (110). The outlet water return system further comprises a bypass pipe for introducing alkaline solution into the anaerobic reactor.

2. The anaerobic reactor capable of rapid startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular packing layer (120) further includes a plurality of module positioning pins (122), a support structure (124), and a plurality of packing layer positioning pins (125). The support structure (124) is detachably connected to the tank body (111), and the support structure (124) has a module slot, and the filling module (121) is detachably arranged in the module slot. The module positioning pins (122) can position the filler modules (121) to the support structure (124), and the support structure (124) can support the plurality of filler modules (121) at the same height. The packing layer positioning pins (125) are capable of positioning the support structure (124) to the tank body (111).

3. The anaerobic reactor capable of rapid startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of modular packing layers (120) include at least one ultrasonic generator (123), and the ultrasonic generator (123) can enhance the adsorption performance and mass transfer effect of anaerobic sludge and enhance the wastewater treatment capacity.

4. The anaerobic reactor capable of rapid startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a circulating water inlet (151), a circulating water outlet (152), and a circulating pump. The circulating water inlet (151) is provided at the lower part of the tank body (111). The circulating water outlet (152) is provided at the upper portion of the tank body (111). The water inside the reaction tank (110) is extracted from the circulating water outlet (152) by the circulating pump and then pumped into the reaction tank (110) through the circulating water inlet (151) to form a circulating water flow, thereby driving the flow of liquid in the reaction tank (110) and promoting the operation of the anaerobic reactor. The flow rate of the circulating water is 0.5 to 2.5 meters per second.

5. The anaerobic reactor capable of rapid startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (130) is provided at the lower portion of the tank body (111), and the portion of the water inlet pipe (130) extending into the interior of the tank body (111) is uniformly formed with a plurality of openings toward the bottom of the tank body (111). The orientation of the opening forms an angle greater than or equal to 45 degrees with the vertical direction.

6. The anaerobic reactor capable of rapid startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid level meter (171), a thermometer (172), and a pH meter (173). The liquid level meter (171), the thermometer (172), and the pH meter (173) are arranged on the tank body (111) in an inclined manner relative to the wall surface of the tank body (111), and the angle of inclination relative to the wall surface is 45 degrees to 70 degrees. The pH value of the liquid inside the reaction tank (110) is maintained at 6.8 to 7.8, The temperature increase rate inside the reaction tank (110) does not exceed 1 degree Celsius per hour.

7. The anaerobic reactor capable of rapid startup according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each section of the tank body (111) is connected via a segmented tank body connecting device (192).

8. A method for using a fast-start anaerobic reactor, characterized in that: Using the anaerobic reactor capable of rapid startup according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Before the anaerobic reactor is started, the cultured anaerobic sludge is transplanted to the multiple packing modules (121) of the multiple modular packing layers (120) outside the reaction tank (110), and the packing modules (121) transplanted with the anaerobic sludge are installed in the reaction tank (110), and the wastewater to be treated is introduced after cultivation.

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