A bored cast-in-place pile body quality detection auxiliary system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to an auxiliary system and method for detecting the quality of bored cast-in-place pile bodies, comprising a support tube, an outer ring sonic detection tube and an inner ring sonic detection tube; the number of the outer ring sonic detection tubes is a set multiple of the number of the inner ring sonic detection tubes, and the outer ring sonic detection tubes are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; in the diameter of the bored pile, at least two diameters have the centers of the support tube, the outer ring sonic detection tube and the inner ring sonic detection tube, and one inner ring sonic detection tube can be associated with a corresponding number of outer ring sonic detection tubes, so that the cross section of the bored pile is divided into multiple detection areas, and each detection area is equivalent to detecting a small-diameter bored pile, so that the detection of an extra-large diameter bored pile forms the detection of multiple small-diameter pile foundations, and has the same detection conditions as the small-diameter pile foundation, so that the path length of any detection section in the detection area can be controlled, the detection range can cover the entire cross section of the pile body, and the pile body quality detection result is accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of deepwater foundation quality detection, and in particular to a bored cast-in-place pile body quality detection auxiliary system and method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the construction of large-scale marine projects in my country, such as cross-sea bridges, offshore wind power plants, and offshore drilling platforms, is gradually shifting from coastal areas to deepwater locations. The harsh deepwater environment presents significant challenges for marine engineering, particularly in the design and construction of deepwater foundations. Hurricanes, rapids, deep waters, strong waves, and the uneven seabed topography are all challenges that must be overcome in the development of deepwater foundations for marine engineering projects.

[0003] The most notable characteristic of deepwater foundations in marine engineering projects is their need to withstand enormous horizontal forces, including crosswind loads on the superstructure, wave and current forces, ship collision forces, and seismic forces. These horizontal forces are often key factors influencing deepwater foundation design. To meet the horizontal bearing capacity and horizontal stiffness requirements of deepwater foundations, cast-in-place pile solutions often require the use of extra-large diameter piles. To adapt to the development of marine engineering and the increasingly harsh construction conditions of deepwater environments, bored cast-in-place pile foundations with larger single pile diameters are inevitable.

[0004] However, due to the large area of ​​a single pile in the ultra-large diameter bored cast-in-place pile foundation, the pile body quality inspection range is difficult to cover the entire cross-section of the pile foundation using the conventional pile foundation acoustic detection tube layout and detection method. Even if the detection range can cover the entire cross-section of the pile body, the accuracy of the detection result cannot be guaranteed because the detection section path is too long. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a bored cast-in-place pile body quality inspection auxiliary system and method to solve the technical problems in the related art that the pile body quality inspection range is difficult to cover the entire cross-section of an ultra-large diameter pile foundation, and the inspection section path is too long, resulting in the inability to guarantee the accuracy of the inspection results.

[0006] In a first aspect, a bored cast-in-place pile body quality detection auxiliary system is provided, comprising:

[0007] The support tube is hollow inside, open at the top and closed at the bottom; the support tube is used to be inserted at the center of the cross section of the cast-in-place pile;

[0008] A plurality of outer ring acoustic detection tubes are arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction on the inner side of the steel cage with the center of the cast-in-place pile as the center of the circle;

[0009] A plurality of inner ring acoustic detection tubes are arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction on the outer side of the support tube with the center of the support tube as the center of the circle;

[0010] The number of the outer ring acoustic detection tubes is a set multiple of the number of the inner ring acoustic detection tubes, and at least two diameters of the cast-in-place pile have the centers of the support tube, the outer ring acoustic detection tube and the inner ring acoustic detection tube.

[0011] In some embodiments, the number of the outer ring acoustic detection tubes is twice the number of the inner ring acoustic detection tubes;

[0012] The number of the outer ring acoustic detection tubes is determined by the diameter of the cast-in-place pile and the first relationship; the diameter of the support tube is determined by the diameter of the cast-in-place pile and the second relationship.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first relationship includes:

[0014]

[0015] Where x is:

[0016]

[0017] Where int is the rounding function, π is pi, arcsin is the inverse function of the sine trigonometric function, D is the diameter of the bored pile, t1 is the distance between the center of the outer ring acoustic detection tube and the outer surface of the bored pile, L is the distance between two adjacent outer ring acoustic detection tubes, and n is the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes arranged.

[0018] In some embodiments, the distance L between two adjacent outer ring acoustic detection tubes is 200 cm to 250 cm.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second relationship includes:

[0020]

[0021] Where D is the diameter of the bored pile, t1 is the distance between the center of the outer ring acoustic detection tube and the outer surface of the bored pile, sin is the sine trigonometric function, π is the ratio of pi, n is the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes, t2 is the distance between the center of the inner ring acoustic detection tube and the outer surface of the support tube, and d is the diameter of the support tube.

[0022] In some embodiments, the outer ring acoustic detection tube is connected to the steel cage via a connector; the inner ring acoustic detection tube is also connected to the support tube via a connector;

[0023] The connecting piece includes a straight rod and a hoop, and the hoop is coaxially arranged with the outer ring acoustic detection tube and the inner ring acoustic detection tube.

[0024] In some embodiments, the support tube is made of steel.

[0025] In a second aspect, a method for detecting the quality of a bored pile body is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0026] Install bored pile body quality inspection auxiliary system on cast-in-place piles;

[0027] The outer and inner ring acoustic detection tubes are numbered in a clockwise direction.

[0028] In the clockwise direction, each inner ring of acoustic detection tubes corresponds to a designed number of outer rings of acoustic detection tubes, so as to divide the cross section of the bored pile into multiple detection areas;

[0029] The ultrasonic testing method is used to test the pile body quality in each test area in turn.

[0030] In some embodiments, the detection area is triangular in shape and comprises an inner ring acoustic detection tube and two outer ring acoustic detection tubes closest to the inner ring acoustic detection tube;

[0031] The numbers of multiple outer ring acoustic detection tubes are as follows: 、 、…… 、 ; The numbers of multiple inner ring acoustic detection tubes are 、 … 、 ; Where m is the number of inner ring acoustic detection tubes; n is the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes;

[0032] In the clockwise direction, the corresponding relationship of the numbers is:

[0033] .

[0034] In some embodiments, the detection area is in the shape of a quadrilateral, and comprises an inner ring acoustic detection tube and three outer ring acoustic detection tubes closest to the inner ring acoustic detection tube;

[0035] The numbers of multiple outer ring acoustic detection tubes are as follows: 、 、…… 、 、 、 、 ; The numbers of multiple inner ring acoustic detection tubes are 、 … 、 ; Where m is the number of inner ring acoustic detection tubes; n is the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes;

[0036] In the clockwise direction, the corresponding relationship of the numbers is:

[0037] .

[0038] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include:

[0039] The present application provides an auxiliary system and method for inspecting the quality of bored cast-in-place pile bodies. A support tube is vertically and coaxially inserted through the center of the cross-section of an ultra-large diameter bored concrete cast-in-place pile. The support tube is hollow, open at the top, and closed at the bottom. The number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes is a set multiple of the number of inner ring acoustic detection tubes, and they are arranged circumferentially and evenly spaced. Within the diameter of the bored pile, at least two diameters have centers of the support tube, outer ring acoustic detection tubes, and inner ring acoustic detection tubes. This arrangement allows one inner ring acoustic detection tube to be associated with a corresponding number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes, dividing the cross-section of the bored pile into multiple inspection areas. Each inspection area is equivalent to inspecting a small-diameter bored pile. This allows the inspection of ultra-large diameter bored concrete cast-in-place piles to be equivalent to inspecting multiple small-diameter pile foundations, providing the same inspection conditions as small-diameter pile foundations. This allows the path length of any inspection section within the inspection area to be controlled. Finally, ultrasonic testing is used to inspect the pile body quality of each inspection area one by one, ensuring that the inspection range covers the entire cross-section of the pile body and that the pile body quality inspection results are accurate and reliable. At the same time, this application can also be used for pile body quality inspection of concrete bored cast-in-place hollow pipe piles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar layout of the bored cast-in-place pile body quality detection auxiliary system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of AA provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the numbering of the inner and outer ring acoustic detection tubes provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the first form of detection area provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the second form of detection area provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Support pipe; 2. Outer ring acoustic detection pipe; 3. Inner ring acoustic detection pipe; 4. Steel cage; 5. Cast-in-place pile; 6. Detection area; 7. Connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] Because the area of ​​a single pile in an ultra-large diameter bored cast-in-place pile foundation is too large, the pile body quality inspection range is difficult to cover the entire cross-section of the pile foundation using the conventional pile foundation acoustic detection tube layout and inspection method. Even if the inspection range can cover the entire cross-section of the pile body, the path of the inspection section is too long, resulting in a technical problem that the accuracy of the inspection results cannot be guaranteed. The embodiments of the present application provide a bored cast-in-place pile body quality inspection auxiliary system and method to solve the technical problems in the related art that the pile body quality inspection range is difficult to cover the entire cross-section of an ultra-large diameter pile foundation, and the detection section path is too long, resulting in a technical problem that the accuracy of the inspection results cannot be guaranteed.

[0049] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 A bored cast-in-place pile body quality inspection auxiliary system comprises: a support tube 1, a plurality of outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 and a plurality of inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3; wherein the interior of the support tube 1 is hollow, and its top is open and the bottom is closed; the support tube 1 is used to be inserted at the cross-sectional center of the bored pile 5; the plurality of outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 are used to be arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the inner side of the steel cage 4 with the center of the bored pile 5 as the center of the circle; the plurality of inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer side of the support tube 1 with the center of the circle as the center of the support tube 1.

[0050] The number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 is a set multiple of the number of inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3, and at least two diameters of the cast-in-place pile 5 have the centers of the support tube 1, outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2, and inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3. The set multiple can be one, two, three, etc.

[0051] Through the above arrangement, since the support tube 1 is vertically and coaxially inserted in the center of the cross section of the super-large diameter concrete bored pile, the support tube 1 is hollow inside, open at the top and closed at the bottom; the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 is a set multiple of the number of inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3, and they are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, in the diameter of the bored pile 5, there are at least two diameters with the centers of the support tube 1, outer ring acoustic detection tube 2 and inner ring acoustic detection tube 3. Such an arrangement structure enables one inner ring acoustic detection tube 3 to be associated with a corresponding number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2, dividing the cross section of the bored pile 5 into multiple detection areas, and each detection area It is equivalent to testing small-diameter bored piles, so that the testing of ultra-large diameter bored concrete piles forms the testing of multiple small-diameter pile foundations, and has the same testing conditions as small-diameter pile foundations, so that the path length of any testing section in the testing area can be controlled, which provides the prerequisite for the pile body quality testing range to cover the entire section of the pile body, and provides a guarantee for the accuracy of the pile body quality testing results. Finally, the ultrasonic testing method is used to perform pile body quality testing on the testing area one by one, so as to ensure that the testing range can cover the entire section of the pile body and the pile body quality testing results are accurate and reliable.

[0052] In addition, the vertical coaxial insertion of the inner support tube 1 in the center of the pile cross section changes the pile foundation from a solid cross section to a hollow cross section, which can provide conditions for controlling the hydration heat effect of the concrete of the super-large diameter bored cast-in-place pile. Super-large diameter concrete bored cast-in-place piles have obvious hydration heat effect due to the large cross-sectional area of ​​a single pile. The temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pile body surface and the core is large, which can easily cause cracking of the pile body concrete and affect the quality of the pile. Inserting the support tube 1 in the center of the pile cross section increases the heat dissipation channel inside the pile body and avoids the accumulation of concrete hydration heat in the pile core. At the same time, a hydration heat cooling system can also be set in the support tube 1 to reduce the temperature inside the pile body and effectively reduce the hydration heat effect. Then the support tube 1 is most preferably made of steel material, which also has a heat dissipation effect while ensuring structural strength. At the same time, the present application can also be used for pile body quality detection of concrete bored cast-in-place hollow pipe piles.

[0053] In some preferred embodiments, the number, position, and spacing of the inner and outer double-circle acoustic detection tubes, as well as the diameter of the support tube 1 are limited. For details on how to proceed in the actual arrangement process, please refer to the following explanation:

[0054] The number of the outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 is twice the number of the inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3; the outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 and the inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3 have the same size.

[0055] The number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 is determined by the diameter of the bored pile 5 and the first relationship; the diameter of the support tube 1 is determined by the diameter of the bored pile 5 and the second relationship.

[0056] Among them, the first relationship includes:

[0057]

[0058] Where x is:

[0059]

[0060] Where int is the rounding function, π is the circumference of the circle, arcsin is the inverse function of the sine trigonometric function, D is the diameter of the pile 5, t1 is the distance between the center of the outer ring acoustic detection tube 2 and the outer surface of the pile 5, L is the distance between two adjacent outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2, and n is the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2. The distance L between two adjacent outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 is 200cm~250cm, that is, Figure 1 Mark L in .

[0061] The second relationship includes:

[0062]

[0063] Wherein, D is the diameter of the bored pile 5, t1 is the distance between the center of the outer ring acoustic detection tube 2 and the outer surface of the bored pile 5, sin is the sine trigonometric function, π is the pi, n is the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 arranged, t2 is the distance between the center of the inner ring acoustic detection tube 3 and the outer surface of the support tube 1, and d is the diameter of the support tube 1.

[0064] Therefore, the arrangement number, arrangement position and arrangement spacing of the inner and outer double-circle acoustic detection tubes, as well as the diameter of the support tube 1 can be set through the above method.

[0065] In some preferred embodiments, reference Figure 2 The outer ring acoustic tube 2 and the steel cage 4 are connected by a connecting piece 7; the inner ring acoustic tube 3 and the support tube 1 are also connected by a connecting piece 7; the connecting piece 7 includes a straight rod and a hoop, and the hoop is coaxially arranged with the outer ring acoustic tube 2 and the inner ring acoustic tube 3; the length of the corresponding straight rod is set accordingly according to the values ​​of t2 and t1.

[0066] This application also proposes a method for detecting the quality of bored pile bodies, which comprises the following steps:

[0067] The above-mentioned bored pile body quality detection auxiliary system is installed on the bored pile 5; the number, layout position and layout spacing of the inner and outer double-circle acoustic detection tubes, as well as the diameter of the support tube 1 are determined according to the diameter of the bored pile 5;

[0068] The outer ring acoustic detection tube 2 and the inner ring acoustic detection tube 3 are numbered in a clockwise direction.

[0069] In the clockwise direction, each inner ring acoustic detection tube 3 corresponds to a designed number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2, so as to divide the cross section of the bored pile 5 into multiple detection areas 6;

[0070] The ultrasonic testing method is used to test the pile body quality of each test area 6 in turn.

[0071] There are two forms of association:

[0072] refer to Figure 4 The first type is that the detection area 6 is in the shape of a triangle and comprises an inner ring acoustic detection tube 3 and two outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 closest to the inner ring acoustic detection tube 3; the outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 are numbered in the following order: 、 、…… 、 ; The numbering of multiple inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3 is 、 … 、 ; Where m is the number of inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3;

[0073] In the clockwise direction, the corresponding relationship of the numbers is:

[0074] .

[0075] In this form, the shape of the detection area 6 is triangular, and three sections need to be inspected for each detection area 6. The common side of two adjacent detection areas 6 is the same detection section and only needs to be inspected once.

[0076] refer to Figure 5 , the second type, the shape of the detection area 6 is a quadrilateral, and it includes an inner ring acoustic detection tube 3, and three outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 closest to the inner ring acoustic detection tube 3; the multiple outer ring acoustic detection tubes 2 are numbered in the following order 、 、…… 、 、 、 、 ; The numbering of multiple inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3 is 、 … 、 ; Where m is the number of inner ring acoustic detection tubes 3;

[0077] In the clockwise direction, the corresponding relationship of the numbers is:

[0078] .

[0079] The nodes representing a quadrilateral are represented by a The inner ring acoustic detection tube 3 and the three numbers are 、 、 The outer ring acoustic detection tube 2.

[0080] In this form, the shape of the detection area 6 is a quadrilateral, and the four sides and two diagonals of each detection area 6 serve as detection sections. Each detection area 6 needs to detect six sections.

[0081] By numbering the inner and outer double-circle acoustic detection tubes arranged on the cross-section of the extra-large diameter bored pile, the entire pile foundation cross-section is divided into detection area 6 according to the numbering, and the division principle and shape of the detection area 6 and the composition of the detection sections of different detection areas 6 are specified, so that the path length of any detection section within the detection area 6 can be controlled, ensuring that the detection range can cover the entire cross-section of the pile body and that the pile body quality detection results are accurate and reliable.

[0082] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0083] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0084] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A bored pile body quality detection auxiliary system, characterized in that: It includes: The support tube (1) is hollow inside, has an open top and a closed bottom; the support tube (1) is used to be inserted into the center of the cross section of the cast-in-place pile (5); A plurality of outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2) are arranged at equal intervals in a circular direction on the inner side of the steel cage (4) with the center of the cast-in-place pile (5) as the center of the circle; A plurality of inner ring acoustic detection tubes (3), which are arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction on the outer side of the support tube (1) with the center of the support tube (1) as the center of the circle; Among them, among the diameters of the cast-in-place pile (5), at least two diameters have the centers of the support tube (1), the outer ring acoustic detection tube (2) and the inner ring acoustic detection tube (3); the number of the outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2) is twice the number of the inner ring acoustic detection tubes (3); the number of the outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2) is determined by the diameter of the cast-in-place pile (5) and the first relationship; the diameter of the support tube (1) is determined by the diameter of the cast-in-place pile (5) and the second relationship; The first relationship includes: Where x is: Where int is the rounding function, π is the circumference of a circle, arcsin is the inverse function of the sine trigonometric function, D is the diameter of the bored pile (5), t1 is the distance between the center of the outer ring acoustic detection tube (2) and the outer surface of the bored pile (5), L is the distance between two adjacent outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2), and n is the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2) arranged; The second relational expression includes: Wherein, D is the diameter of the bored pile (5), t1 is the distance between the center of the outer ring acoustic detection tube (2) and the outer surface of the bored pile (5), sin is the sine trigonometric function, π is the pi, n is the number of the outer ring acoustic detection tube (2) arranged, t2 is the distance between the center of the inner ring acoustic detection tube (3) and the outer surface of the support tube (1), and d is the diameter of the support tube (1).

2. The bored pile body quality detection auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance L between two adjacent outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2) is 200 cm to 250 cm.

3. The bored pile body quality detection auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring acoustic detection tube (2) and the steel cage (4) are connected via a connector (7); the inner ring acoustic detection tube (3) and the support tube (1) are also connected via a connector (7); The connecting member (7) comprises a straight rod and a hoop, and the hoop is coaxially arranged with the outer ring acoustic detection tube (2) and the inner ring acoustic detection tube (3).

4. The bored pile body quality detection auxiliary system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support tube (1) is made of steel.

5. A method for detecting the quality of bored piles, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Installing the bored pile body quality detection auxiliary system as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 on the bored pile (5); The outer ring acoustic detection tube (2) and the inner ring acoustic detection tube (3) are numbered in a clockwise direction. In a clockwise direction, each inner ring acoustic detection tube (3) corresponds to a corresponding designed number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2), so as to divide the cross section of the cast-in-place pile (5) into a plurality of detection areas (6); The ultrasonic testing method is used to test the pile body quality in each test area (6) in turn.

6. The method for detecting the quality of bored piles according to claim 5, wherein: The detection area (6) is in the shape of a triangle and comprises an inner ring acoustic detection tube (3) and two outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2) that are closest to the inner ring acoustic detection tube (3); The numbers of the multiple outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2) are as follows: 、 、…… 、 ; The numbers of the multiple inner ring acoustic detection tubes (3) are as follows: 、 … 、 ; Wherein m is the number of inner ring acoustic detection tubes (3); n is the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2); In the clockwise direction, the corresponding relationship of the numbers is: 。 7. The method for detecting the quality of bored piles according to claim 5, wherein: The detection area (6) is in the shape of a quadrilateral and comprises an inner ring acoustic detection tube (3) and three outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2) that are closest to the inner ring acoustic detection tube (3); The numbers of the multiple outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2) are as follows: 、 、…… 、 、 、 、 ; The numbers of the multiple inner ring acoustic detection tubes (3) are as follows: 、 … 、 ; Wherein m is the number of inner ring acoustic detection tubes (3); n is the number of outer ring acoustic detection tubes (2); In the clockwise direction, the corresponding relationship of the numbers is: 。

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