Kerosene delivery hot and cold integrated machine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of kerosene transportation, and specifically relates to an integrated kerosene heating and cooling unit. The present invention comprises an oil pipeline, which comprises, in sequence, a first valve body V1, a front-end oil pump, a cooling and heat exchange module, a rear-end oil pump, a three-way valve TV, a main pipeline heater, a flow control unit, and a second valve body V2 connected to the equipment to be filled. The integrated unit also includes an intermediate storage tank, the side outlet of the three-way valve TV connected to the inlet of the intermediate storage tank, and the oil outlet pipe of the intermediate storage tank is connected to the oil pipeline section between the main heat exchanger and the rear-end oil pump via a third valve body V3. Temperature sensors are installed at the outlet of the main heat exchanger, the inlet of the second valve body V2, and the outlet of the oil outlet pipe. A pressure sensor P is installed at the inlet of the second valve body V2. The present invention ensures the accuracy, safety, and efficiency of kerosene transportation and regulation, significantly reducing initial investment and operating costs. It is particularly suitable for kerosene temperature regulation over a wide range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of kerosene transportation, and in particular relates to a kerosene transportation cooling and heating integrated machine. Background Art

[0002] Kerosene delivery systems are commonly found in fields such as aviation. Due to the unique characteristics of these applications, kerosene delivery systems typically require high flow rates, high supply pressures, and long delivery distances. They also place specific demands on temperature control accuracy at the end point, or at the inlet of the filling equipment, reaching as high as ±1°C. These high system demands often present a series of challenges, including: First, to achieve these temperature control requirements, traditional kerosene delivery systems require simultaneous multi-stage temperature adjustment of the kerosene, which initially maintains a temperature of around 40°C, during delivery. The traditional approach involves placing several heaters directly in the kerosene pipeline for heating. Obviously, due to the flammability of kerosene, explosion-proof design and maintenance are required for the kerosene pipeline and even the heating equipment, significantly increasing costs. Furthermore, due to the large storage capacity of kerosene storage tanks, even with these explosion-proof measures, safety remains difficult to guarantee. Secondly, the traditional kerosene delivery system's filling machine has a narrow temperature range. However, with the advancement of aviation technology, especially with the increasing range requirements of specialized aircraft such as fighter jets, the temperature range of filling machines has also widened, reaching as high as -50°C to -30°C. For example, the operating temperature range of kerosene is between -50°C and -40°C, and -30°C to 0°C. When delivering kerosene at -50°C and -30°C, the viscosity is higher, requiring a higher pump head. Therefore, a high-head pump must be used in the initial design of the pipeline pump, resulting in higher initial investment costs. However, when delivering kerosene at higher temperatures, such as 40°C and 0°C, the viscosity has dropped significantly, requiring a much lower head. A high-head pump in the pipeline is clearly unsuitable. Conventional approaches have included throttling valves to accommodate the pipeline pump, or simply using variable-frequency pipeline pumps. However, this results in long adjustment times and low adjustment efficiency, further increasing operating costs. Therefore, a solution is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a kerosene transportation cooling and heating integrated machine, which can ensure the accuracy, safety and high efficiency of kerosene transportation regulation, and the initial investment cost and operating cost can also be significantly reduced. It is particularly suitable for kerosene temperature regulation occasions in a large span range.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A kerosene cooling and heating integrated machine includes an oil pipeline, characterized in that: along the direction of kerosene flow, the oil pipeline includes a first valve body, a front oil pump, a refrigeration and heat exchange module, a rear oil pump, a three-way valve, a main pipeline heater, a flow regulating unit, and a second valve body connected to the equipment to be filled, which are arranged in sequence; wherein:

[0006] The refrigeration and heat exchange module includes a main heat exchanger connected in series to the oil pipeline. The oil at the chiller enters the cooling side of the main heat exchanger through a side pipe heater and is then transported back to the chiller by a refrigerant water pump. The integrated machine also includes an intermediate storage tank. The main inlet and main outlet of the three-way valve are connected in series to the oil pipeline. The side outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the intermediate storage tank. The oil outlet pipe of the intermediate storage tank is connected to a section of the oil pipeline between the main heat exchanger and the rear-end oil pump through a third valve body. Temperature sensors are arranged at the outlet of the main heat exchanger, the inlet of the second valve body, and the outlet of the oil outlet pipe. A pressure sensor is arranged at the inlet of the second valve body.

[0007] A side heat exchanger is connected in series on the oil outlet pipe at the outlet of the third valve body; the cooling side inlet and cooling side outlet of the side heat exchanger are bridged to the outlet of the side pipe heater through the side inlet pipe and the side outlet pipe respectively, the fourth valve body is arranged at the side inlet pipe, and the fifth valve body is arranged at the side outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the refrigeration and heat exchange module includes a first-stage high-temperature zone brine unit and a second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit. The first-stage high-temperature zone brine unit includes a first-stage brine chiller, a first-stage side pipe heater, a first-stage main heat exchanger and a first-stage refrigerant water pump arranged in sequence along the oil flow direction. The second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit includes a second-stage brine chiller, a second-stage side pipe heater, a second-stage main heat exchanger and a second-stage refrigerant water pump arranged in sequence along the oil flow direction; the first-stage main heat exchanger and the second-stage main heat exchanger are arranged in series on the oil pipeline, and a first temperature sensor is provided at the outlet of the first-stage main heat exchanger, and a second temperature sensor is provided at the outlet of the second-stage main heat exchanger, and the side inlet pipe and the side outlet pipe are both connected to the outlet of the second-stage side pipe heater.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature control range of the brine unit in the first high-temperature zone is -25 to 0°C, and the temperature control range of the brine unit in the second low-temperature zone is -55 to -25°C.

[0010] Preferably, a sixth valve body is arranged at the outlet of the main heat exchanger; the all-in-one machine also includes a straight-through pipeline, which is arranged in parallel with the main heat exchanger and the sixth valve body, and a seventh valve body is provided on the straight-through pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, each valve body is a solenoid valve.

[0012] Preferably, the flow regulating unit is a mass flow meter.

[0013] Preferably, the three-way valve is a three-way regulating valve.

[0014] Preferably, the inlet of the oil pipeline is connected to the oil storage tank.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1) The present invention arranges a refrigeration and heat exchange module at the front end of the oil pipeline, and arranges some heat exchangers in the side branch pipeline where the refrigeration and heat exchange module is located. This ensures that the kerosene is cooled on demand and that the heater in the side branch pipeline is used for readjustment and correction, ultimately achieving the effect of accurately controlling the kerosene temperature.

[0017] The presence of an intermediate storage tank and flow control unit allows for on-demand oil delivery to the equipment being filled, while excess oil is temporarily stored in the intermediate storage tank via a three-way valve. The kerosene in the intermediate storage tank can then flow back into the oil pipeline, directly into the downstream pump inlet. This allows the relatively cooler kerosene in the intermediate storage tank to enhance the low-temperature control at the downstream pump inlet, accelerating temperature control at the inlet of the equipment being filled and significantly improving regulation efficiency. Furthermore, the intermediate storage tank allows for controlled, on-demand heating of kerosene through the main pipeline heater. Compared to conventional methods that require heating the entire pipeline, the main pipeline heater, the sole heating element in the pipeline, places less burden, requires less power, lowers explosion-proof requirements, and reduces risk. Furthermore, the main pipeline heater can be located at the rear of the pipeline, away from components in the upstream section. Furthermore, the additional heaters in the bypass pipeline are all located separately and away from the pipeline, enhancing safety. This eliminates the need for additional explosion-proof design for the bypass pipeline, significantly reducing initial investment and operating costs.

[0018] 2) While having the aforementioned characteristics, the intermediate storage tank can also exchange part of the heat with the pipelines of the second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit through the side heat exchanger, reducing the investment in the second-stage side pipe heater, saving energy and reducing carbon emissions, and further improving the temperature regulation efficiency of the inlet of the equipment to be filled.

[0019] 3) This invention connects two sets of main heat exchangers in series with the oil pipeline. This allows the front-end and rear-end oil pumps to function in series with the entire oil pipeline. Furthermore, the flow rates of these pumps are determined solely by the flow rate of the equipment being charged, without having to consider the overall system flow rate. This design has proven that the head and power of each pump, while still meeting charging requirements, are approximately half the head and power of conventional pipeline pumps, further reducing initial investment and operating costs.

[0020] 4) This invention incorporates two sets of side-pipe heaters on the corresponding chiller's brine pipelines. Precisely controlling the brine temperature allows the kerosene temperature to be controlled through heat exchange. This is the primary reason why temperature control can be guaranteed with a single main-pipe heater at the inlet of the equipment being filled. This arrangement significantly reduces the power and volume of the main-pipe heater, minimizing the amount of stagnant, potentially flammable kerosene, thereby minimizing the risk of combustible materials.

[0021] 5) This invention utilizes a two-stage cooling strategy, even meeting temperature control targets over a wide temperature range of -50°C to 40°C. The first stage of cooling enables evaporation temperatures of -30°C to 0°C, while the second stage achieves evaporation temperatures of -55°C to 30°C. The first and second stage cooling cycles, each equipped with a chiller and electrical heating for energy balance, effectively meet variable cooling capacity requirements over a wide flow range.

[0022] 6) The present invention integrates all equipment after the oil storage tank, which is also convenient for productization and control standardization.

[0023] 7) The straight-through pipeline of the present invention is used to adjust the oil flow entering the hot and cold regulators, making the adjustment response faster. At the same time, it can improve the operating characteristics of the oil pump and play an energy-saving role. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the pipeline arrangement of the present invention.

[0025] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names of the present invention is as follows:

[0026] a-oil pipeline; b-side inlet pipe; c-side outlet pipe;

[0027] 10-front oil pump; 20-rear oil pump; 30-main pipeline heater; 40-flow regulating unit; 50-intermediate storage tank; 60-side heat exchanger;

[0028] 71-first stage brine chiller; 72-first stage side pipe heater; 73-first stage main heat exchanger; 74-first stage refrigerant water pump;

[0029] 81-Second stage brine chiller; 82-Second stage side pipe heater; 83-Second stage main heat exchanger; 84-Second stage refrigerant water pump;

[0030] 90-Oil storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] For ease of understanding, here we combine Figure 1 The specific structure and working mode of the present invention are further described as follows:

[0032] The specific structure of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the oil storage tank 90 is an additional design and is arranged at the inlet end of the present invention; of course, in actual operation, other oil storage equipment can also be used instead.

[0033] Taking oil tank 90 as an example of oil storage equipment, the required maximum flow rate and liquid supply pressure of oil pipeline a are relatively high, 4 MPa. Oil pipeline a needs to meet the long-distance requirement, up to about 100 meters. The temperature control accuracy is required to be ±1°C. In this case, the pipeline layout is as follows:

[0034] A conventional temperature measuring point is set in the oil storage tank 90, and the internal kerosene temperature is generally 40°C. The outlet of the oil storage tank 90 is provided with a solenoid valve as the first valve body V1. The front-end oil pump 10 inputs the kerosene inside the oil storage tank 90 into the first-stage main heat exchanger 73 for heat exchange, and is cooled by the first-stage high-temperature zone brine unit. There is a first temperature sensor T1 after the first-stage main heat exchanger 73, after which the kerosene continues to enter the second-stage main heat exchanger 83 and is further cooled by the second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit. A second temperature sensor T2 is provided at the outlet of the second-stage main heat exchanger 83 to accurately measure the temperature of the kerosene at the outlet after being cooled by the two-stage refrigeration machine. Since the two-stage heat exchanger is usually very long from the equipment to be filled, and the viscosity of the kerosene increases greatly after being cooled twice, the working fluid needs to continue to flow into the rear-end oil pump 20 through the sixth valve body V6 to increase the power of flow. The kerosene then enters the three-way valve TV. At this point, the kerosene temperature is typically lower than the required temperature of the equipment being filled. It is then heated by the sole heater in the oil pipeline a, the main pipeline heater 30. Having reached the required temperature, the kerosene flows into a flow control unit 40, such as a regulating valve or mass flowmeter, for precise flow regulation. Temperature and pressure are then measured by a third temperature sensor T3 and a pressure sensor P before it flows into the equipment being filled. The pipeline at the inlet of the equipment being filled is opened and closed by the second valve body V2.

[0035] Figure 1 An intermediate storage tank 50 is installed alongside the oil pipeline a to regulate the amount of excess oil circulating at the outlet of the rear-end oil pump 20. Specifically, when the outlet oil volume measured by the flow control unit 40 exceeds the required filling volume for the equipment, the three-way valve TV opens, bypassing some kerosene to the intermediate storage tank 50.

[0036] At the same time, the intermediate storage tank 50 also has the function of regulating the temperature of kerosene. An oil outlet pipe is provided at the outlet of the intermediate storage tank 50, and the third valve body V3 is used to open and close the oil outlet pipe of the oil storage tank 90, controlling the kerosene to flow into the inlet of the rear-end oil pump 20 along the side, thereby supplementing the inlet flow of the rear-end oil pump 20. At the same time, the oil outlet pipe of the intermediate storage tank 50 passes through the side heat exchanger 60, which is used for heat exchange between the kerosene in this line and the oil in the second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit. The oil temperature of the intermediate storage tank 50 is completed by the fourth temperature sensor T4. Because the oil in the second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit also needs the second-stage side pipe heater 82 to adjust the temperature accurately, the side heat exchanger 60 can save heat input to the greatest extent, reduce the energy consumption of the second-stage side pipe heater 82, and at the same time make the temperature adjustment of the inlet of the equipment to be filled faster, which can further improve the adjustment efficiency.

[0037] Figure 1 As can be seen in the figure, the first-stage high-temperature zone brine unit includes a first-stage brine chiller 71, a first-stage side pipe heater 72, a first-stage main heat exchanger 73, and a first-stage refrigerant water pump 74, arranged in sequence along the oil flow direction, to regulate the kerosene temperature within the first-stage main heat exchanger 73. The second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit includes a second-stage brine chiller 81, a second-stage side pipe heater 82, a second-stage main heat exchanger 83, and a second-stage refrigerant water pump 84, arranged in sequence along the oil flow direction, to regulate the kerosene temperature within the second-stage main heat exchanger 83. The first-stage main heat exchanger 73 and the second-stage main heat exchanger are arranged in series on the oil pipeline a.

[0038] In actual design, the evaporation temperature of the first stage high temperature zone brine unit is adjustable, but the cooling capacity is fixed and cannot be adjusted steplessly. For example, the oil pumping capacity of the front end oil pump 10 is 1m 3 / h, and when it needs to be cooled to -20℃, only 3kW of cooling capacity is needed, and the cooling capacity of the unit is 5kW, which is greater than the required cooling capacity. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the heat of the first-stage side pipe heater 72 to consume the remaining 2kW of cooling capacity of the unit, so as to ensure that the outlet oil temperature of the first-stage main heat exchanger 73 is -20℃. The first-stage side pipe heater 72 is added to the pipeline where the first-stage high-temperature zone brine unit is located, which can ensure fast adjustment and small hysteresis of the oil temperature response. At the same time, the first-stage side pipe heater 72 is not directly installed on the oil pipeline a, so it can be kept away from the oil pipeline a; according to relevant specifications, since the first-stage side pipe heater 72 is far away from the oil pipeline a, it does not need to be designed in accordance with explosion-proof, which can save initial investment costs and operation and maintenance costs. The same is true for the second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit.

[0039] In addition, for straight-through piping, examples are as follows:

[0040] If the oil temperature in oil storage tank 90 is 20°C and the required temperature for delivery to the oil-consuming equipment is 21°C, the main pipeline heater 30 at the inlet only needs to heat the corresponding amount of oil by 1°C, without the oil entering other equipment such as heat exchangers. In this case, the through-line is opened, and the oil enters the main pipeline heater 30 directly. This simplifies the oil temperature control circuit and speeds up the adjustment process. This significantly reduces adjustment time and achieves a certain energy saving effect.

[0041] If the oil temperature in the oil storage tank 90 is 20°C, and the required oil temperature for delivery to the oil-consuming equipment is 19°C, only a small amount of oil needs to enter the first-stage main heat exchanger 73, and the first-stage brine chiller 71 is turned on to cool the oil by 1°C. In this case, the through-line pipeline needs to bypass a large amount of oil, and only a small amount of oil enters the first-stage main heat exchanger 73. In this way, the first-stage brine chiller 71 only needs to cool a small amount of oil to mix with the oil in the through-line pipeline to 19°C, thus meeting the system's oil temperature requirement. This significantly reduces the brine unit's operating time, cooling capacity, pump flow rate, and pump head input, resulting in significant energy savings. While the law of conservation of energy indicates that the theoretical power consumption required to cool a certain amount of oil in an oil-consuming equipment to the required temperature is constant, the brine unit suffers from line losses, heat losses, and thermal inertia of each heat exchanger. Furthermore, the fine-tuned main pipeline heater 30 also experiences line losses, heat losses, and thermal inertia. Therefore, in practice, the more oil entering the heat exchanger, the greater the total power consumption of the equipment. See Table 1 below for details:

[0042] Table 1

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] From the test data in the above table, it can be seen that although the ratio of the power consumption difference seems small, for such oil transportation equipment that operates at high power for a long time, the energy saved by the straight-through pipeline arrangement of the present invention cannot be ignored in the long run.

[0046] Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but also encompasses the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0047] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0048] The technology, shape, and structure not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A kerosene heating and cooling integrated machine, comprising an oil pipeline (a), characterized in that: Along the direction of kerosene flow, the oil pipeline (a) comprises a first valve body (V1), a front oil pump (10), a refrigeration and heat exchange module, a rear oil pump (20), a three-way valve (TV), a main pipeline heater (30), a flow regulating unit (40), and a second valve body (V2) connected to the equipment to be filled, which are arranged in sequence; wherein: The refrigeration heat exchange module includes a main heat exchanger connected in series to an oil pipeline (a), and the oil at the refrigeration machine enters the refrigeration side of the main heat exchanger through a side pipe heater and is then transported back to the refrigeration machine by a refrigerant water pump; the integrated machine also includes an intermediate storage tank (50), the main inlet and main outlet of a three-way valve (TV) are connected in series to the oil pipeline (a), the side outlet of the three-way valve (TV) is connected to the inlet of the intermediate storage tank (50), and the oil outlet pipe of the intermediate storage tank (50) is connected to a section of the oil pipeline (a) between the main heat exchanger and the rear end oil pump (20) through a third valve body (V3); the outlet of the main heat exchanger, the inlet of the second valve body (V2) and the outlet of the oil outlet pipe are all provided with temperature sensors, and a pressure sensor (P) is provided at the inlet of the second valve body (V2); A side heat exchanger (60) is connected in series to the oil outlet pipe at the outlet of the third valve body (V3); the cooling side inlet and cooling side outlet of the side heat exchanger (60) are bridged to the outlet of the side pipe heater through the side inlet pipe (b) and the side outlet pipe (c), respectively; a fourth valve body (V4) is arranged at the side inlet pipe (b), and a fifth valve body (V5) is arranged at the side outlet; The oil outlet pipe of the intermediate storage tank (50) passes through the side heat exchanger (60).

2. The kerosene transportation cooling and heating integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration and heat exchange module comprises a first-stage high-temperature zone brine unit and a second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit, wherein the first-stage high-temperature zone brine unit comprises a first-stage brine chiller (71), a first-stage side pipe heater (72), a first-stage main heat exchanger (73) and a first-stage refrigerant water pump (74) arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the oil liquid, and the second-stage low-temperature zone brine unit comprises a second-stage brine chiller (81), a second-stage side pipe heater (82), a first-stage main heat exchanger (73) and a first-stage refrigerant water pump (74) arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the oil liquid. A secondary main heat exchanger (83) and a second-stage refrigerant water pump (84); the first-stage main heat exchanger (73) and the second-stage main heat exchanger (83) are arranged in series on the oil pipeline (a), and a first temperature sensor (T1) is provided at the outlet of the first-stage main heat exchanger (73), and a second temperature sensor (T2) is provided at the outlet of the second-stage main heat exchanger (83); the side inlet pipe (b) and the side outlet pipe (c) are both connected to the outlet of the second-stage side pipe heater (82).

3. The kerosene transportation cooling and heating integrated machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature control range of the brine unit in the first high-temperature zone is -25 to 0°C, and the temperature control range of the brine unit in the second low-temperature zone is -55 to -25°C.

4. The kerosene transportation cooling and heating integrated machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A sixth valve body (V6) is arranged at the outlet of the main heat exchanger; the integrated machine also includes a straight-through pipeline, which is arranged in parallel with the main heat exchanger and the sixth valve body (V6), and a seventh valve body (V7) is provided on the straight-through pipeline.

5. The kerosene transportation cooling and heating integrated machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: Each valve body is a solenoid valve.

6. The kerosene transportation cooling and heating integrated machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The flow regulating part (40) is a mass flow meter.

7. The kerosene transportation cooling and heating integrated machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: Three-way valve (TV) is a three-way regulating valve.

8. The kerosene transportation cooling and heating integrated machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The inlet of the oil pipeline (a) is connected to the oil storage tank (90).

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