Protective fabric, method for its production and use

Abstract

The application provides a protective fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. The protective fabric comprises a fabric base layer containing wool fibers and an inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating layer coated on the fabric base layer. The application forms a low-surface-energy heat-insulating and flame-retardant coating layer with a micro-nano rough structure, thereby improving the heat protection performance of the fabric and the slip-off property of molten metal. The coating layer is light and thin, has a small influence on the air permeability of the fabric, and improves the felting property of the wool blended fabric, so that the comfort and the anti-molten metal splashing performance can be considered.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of molten metal protective fabric, in particular to a protective fabric, a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly relates to a high-comfort molten metal protective fabric and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the extremely high temperature of molten metal, it is easy to burn through the fabric surface after splashing, causing the fabric to lose its protective ability. The surface tension of aluminum liquid is low, which is easy to adhere to the surface of the fabric, and the solidification of aluminum liquid releases a large amount of heat, which is more likely to cause secondary burns. The clothing prepared by wearing molten metal splashing protective fabric can effectively protect the molten aluminum from splashing, and the protective fabric containing wool has been widely used, because the surface scale layer of wool can provide certain protection to the fiber.

[0003] Most of the existing molten metal splashing protective fabric patents achieve the protective effect by optimizing the fiber raw material ratio or the fabric structure, such as using fiber raw materials with certain flame-retardant and heat-insulating functions for spinning, structure design and weaving. In order to achieve good molten metal splashing protection effect, a very high area density is required, generally reaching 350g / m 2 Therefore, the fabric has a hard hand feeling and poor wearability.

[0004] CN115323771A discloses a preparation method of a modified wool fabric with flame-retardant properties, comprising the following steps: (1) preparation of a crosslinking agent solution; (2) preparation of a phytic acid / silicon hybrid sol: a mixture of TEOS (tetraethoxysilane) and ethanol is added dropwise to a phytic acid solution under stirring, and heated and stirred to obtain a phytic acid / silicon hybrid sol; (3) preparation of a functional flame-retardant composite fabric; (4) pretreatment: the functional flame-retardant composite fabric is soaked in the crosslinking agent solution, taken out and dried; then the functional flame-retardant composite fabric is placed in the phytic acid / silicon hybrid sol and stirred and soaked; (5) pre-drying and curing treatment to obtain a modified wool fabric with flame-retardant properties. Although the fabric has certain flame-retardant effect, it cannot achieve good molten metal splashing protection effect.

[0005] CN114557506A discloses a preparation method of a light and soft breathable down garment fabric, characterized by the following steps: adding the nano factor material to an organic solvent (the nano factor material is PDMS or PTFE, and the organic solvent is n-hexane), sealing, heating and stirring, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain a colloidal coating liquid; then uniformly coating the colloidal coating liquid on the wool fabric; and finally placing the coated fabric body in a heating device and baking until the colloidal coating liquid is completely dried, so as to form a waterproof and breathable nano film layer on the wool fabric to obtain a anti-piercing down layer. CN114557506A obtains a waterproof and breathable nano film by coating PDMS or PTFE colloidal coating liquid on the wool fabric, but the film does not have heat insulation and flame retardant ability.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a low-surface-energy heat insulation coating that can not only make the molten metal quickly slip off the surface of the fabric, but also improve the heat insulation effect and the comfort of the fabric. To improve the slip-off property of the molten metal, two aspects can be considered: one is to use a low-surface-energy coating material, and the other is to form a nano-structured rough surface. In addition to high slip-off property, the coating material must also have good heat insulation and flame retardant properties.

[0007] Therefore, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0008] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide a protective fabric, which comprises a fabric base layer containing wool fibers and an inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating layer coated on the fabric base layer. By forming a low-surface-energy heat insulation and flame retardant coating layer with micro-nano rough structure, the heat protection performance of the fabric is improved, and the slip-off property of the molten metal is also improved. The coating layer is light and thin, has little effect on the air permeability of the fabric, and improves the felting property of the wool blended fabric, so that the comfort and the anti-molten metal spatter performance can be considered.

[0009] The second purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the protective fabric. The inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS has good permeability to the fabric, can uniformly wrap the surface of the yarn, and retains the voids of the porous fabric. The plasma treatment means can produce some high-reactivity functional groups on the surface of the fabric and play a certain degree of surface etching effect, thereby improving the surface composite effect of the material.

[0010] The third purpose of the present application is the application of the protective fabric in the preparation of a molten metal spatter protective fabric. The protective fabric has a low-surface-energy heat insulation coating, which can make the molten metal quickly slip off the surface of the fabric and improve the heat insulation effect.

[0011] In order to achieve the above purposes of the present application, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0012] In a first aspect, the present application provides a protective fabric, which comprises a fabric base layer containing wool fibers and an inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating layer coated on the fabric base layer.

[0013] In the present application, the fabric base layer mainly contains wool fibers, which is a natural protein fiber with special structure and chemical composition and various properties and advantages that synthetic fibers do not have. In particular, wool fibers contain a large amount of nitrogen and sulfur elements, have self-extinguishing performance, can self-extinguish after leaving the fire, and the scale layer of wool fibers can play a certain protective role, but the scale effect also leads to problems such as felting of blended fabrics and poor comfort. Therefore, the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating layer is coated on the fabric base layer to improve the thermal protection performance and the slipperiness of molten metal. The coating layer is light and thin, has little effect on the air permeability of the fabric, and improves the felting property of wool blended fabrics.

[0014] Among them, PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) is the most widely used silicon-based organic polymer material, which has low thermal conductivity, low surface energy, inertness and other characteristics, and is often used as a hydrophobic finishing agent. Inorganic oxide hollow microspheres have low density, high temperature resistance, and low thermal conductivity. Because of the hollow structure inside, the static air can effectively block the transfer of heat, achieving thermal protection effect. Because of the good compatibility between the two, a stable composite coating layer can be formed by blending.

[0015] Because the viscosity of PDMS is low before curing, it has good permeability to the fabric, can uniformly wrap the surface of the yarn, retain the voids of the porous fabric, and reduce the scale effect of the treated wool, thereby reducing the washing felting phenomenon of the fabric. In addition, because the density of inorganic oxide hollow microspheres is less than that of PDMS solution, during the curing process of PDMS in the coating solution, inorganic oxide hollow microspheres will continuously gather on the upper layer of the solution and partially float to the surface of the solution, forming a gradient uneven dispersion and micro-nano structure protrusion, i.e. a micro-nano scale rough surface (as shown in Figure 1 )

[0016] And the dense structure formed after the crosslinking and curing of PDMS not only maintains a low heat conduction rate under high temperature conditions, but also plays a role in isolating air and preventing oxygen from diffusing inward, which is a commonly used silicon-based flame retardant. In addition to excellent flame retardant effect, the static air inside the hollow inorganic oxide hollow microspheres also greatly hinders the transfer of heat from the outside to the inside of the coating. The two work together to have a synergistic effect, which can improve the thermal protection performance and further improve the slipperiness of molten metal.

[0017] Preferably, the fabric base layer further comprises flame-retardant viscose fibers and / or aramid fibers.

[0018] Preferably, the fabric base layer is prepared by blending wool fibers, flame-retardant viscose fibers and aramid fibers.

[0019] In the present application, the fabric base layer is made of wool, flame-retardant viscose fibers and aramid fibers which have flame-retardant and heat-insulating functions, and the wool is doped with part of the flame-retardant viscose fibers and aramid fibers to compensate for the poor flame-retardant property of wool, thereby improving the flame-retardant property of the fabric itself, and the flame-retardant viscose fibers and aramid fibers also have a significant improvement effect on the comfort of the fabric.

[0020] Preferably, the mass ratio of the wool fibers, the flame-retardant viscose fibers and the aramid fibers is 1:(0.5-1.5):(0.6-1.2).

[0021] For example, the "0.5-1.5" can be 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, etc.

[0022] For example, the "0.6-1.2" can be 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.2, etc.

[0023] Preferably, the flame-retardant viscose fibers are obtained by grafting and / or blending a silicon-nitrogen flame-retardant agent into viscose fibers.

[0024] The silicon-nitrogen flame-retardant agent contains a large number of polar groups on the surface, so it has good compatibility with viscose spinning solution and can form a uniformly dispersed flame-retardant viscose spinning solution, which is conducive to the preparation of flame-retardant viscose fibers and improves the physical limit performance of the fibers to obtain flame-retardant viscose fibers with high breaking strength; and after the viscose fibers are grafted and / or blended with the silicon-nitrogen flame-retardant agent, a dense silicon layer structure can be formed on the surface of the fibers when heated, which prevents heat conduction, and also produces non-combustible gas to dilute the combustible gas decomposed from the fibers and isolate air.

[0025] Preferably, the silicon-nitrogen flame-retardant agent is selected from any one or a combination of at least two of phosphazene, phosphorus acyl, phosphorus amide, polysilicic acid or polysilicate.

[0026] Preferably, the silicon-nitrogen flame-retardant agent accounts for 10-40% of the total mass of the flame-retardant viscose fibers, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, etc.

[0027] Preferably, the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating is formed by doping inorganic oxide hollow microspheres in polydimethylsiloxane and then curing.

[0028] Preferably, the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating has a micro-nano rough structure.

[0029] Preferably, the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres are hollow silica microspheres and / or hollow alumina microspheres, preferably hollow silica microspheres.

[0030] Preferably, the particle size of the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres is 100-1000 nm, for example, it can be 100 nm, 200 nm, 400 nm, 600 nm, 800 nm, 1000 nm, etc., and the shell thickness of the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres is 10-20 nm, for example, it can be 10 nm, 12 nm, 14 nm, 16 nm, 18 nm, 20 nm, etc.

[0031] Preferably, the preparation raw materials of the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres / PDMS coating layer include, by mass percentage: PDMS prepolymer 50-70%, inorganic oxide hollow microspheres 23-45%, and curing agent 5-7%.

[0032] The content of PDMS prepolymer is 50-70%, for example, it can be 50%, 52%, 54%, 56%, 58%, 60%, 62%, 64%, 66%, 68%, 70%, etc., based on the total mass of the preparation raw materials of the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres / PDMS coating layer being 100%.

[0033] The content of inorganic oxide hollow microspheres is 23-45%, for example, it can be 23%, 24%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 34%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 45%, etc., based on the total mass of the preparation raw materials of the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres / PDMS coating layer being 100%.

[0034] The content of curing agent is 5-7%, for example, it can be 5%, 5.2%, 5.4%, 5.6%, 5.8%, 6%, 6.2%, 6.4%, 6.6%, 6.8%, 7%, etc., based on the total mass of the preparation raw materials of the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres / PDMS coating layer being 100%.

[0035] Preferably, the curing agent is a silicone curing agent.

[0036] Preferably, the areal density of the fabric base layer is 240-280 g / m 2 , for example, it can be 240 g / m 2 , 245 g / m 2 , 250 g / m 2 , 255 g / m 2 , 260 g / m 2 , 265 g / m 2 , 270 g / m 2 , 275 g / m 2 , 280 g / m 2etc.

[0037] Preferably, the thickness of the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating is 10-50 μm, preferably 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, etc.

[0038] Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the protective fabric is 0.025-0.05 W·m -1 ·K -1 , for example, it can be 0.025 W·m -1 ·K -1 , 0.03 W·m -1 ·K -1 , 0.035 W·m -1 ·K -1 , 0.04 W·m -1 ·K -1 , 0.045 W·m -1 ·K -1 , 0.05 W·m -1 ·K -1 , etc.

[0039] Preferably, the moisture permeability of the protective fabric is 5000-8000 g / m 2 / 24h, for example, it can be 5000 g / m 2 / 24h, 5500 g / m 2 / 24h, 6000 g / m 2 / 24h, 6500 g / m 2 / 24h, 7000 g / m 2 / 24h, 7500 g / m 2 / 24h, 8000 g / m 2 / 24h, etc.

[0040] Preferably, the afterflame time of the protective fabric under A method is ≤2 s (for example, it can be 2 s, 1.8 s, 1.6 s, 1.4 s, 1.2 s, 1 s, 0.8 s, 0.5 s, etc.), the glowing time is ≤2 s (for example, it can be 2 s, 1.8 s, 1.6 s, 1.4 s, 1.2 s, 1 s, 0.8 s, 0.5 s, etc.), and there is no melt dripping and no hole.

[0041] Preferably, the water washing size change rate of the protective fabric is 5-8%, for example, it can be 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, etc.

[0042] In the second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of the protective fabric as described in the first aspect, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0043] The inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid is coated on the surface of the fabric base layer containing wool fibers, and after curing, the protective fabric is obtained.

[0044] Preferably, the fabric base layer containing wool fibers needs to be subjected to plasma surface modification treatment before coating.

[0045] In the present application, the fabric is subjected to surface modification by atmospheric pressure plasma, which etches the surface of the wool scale layer and aramid fibers on the one hand, increases the specific surface area and surface reactivity, is beneficial to the uniform coating of PDMS on the yarn surface, and improves the bonding force with the coating.

[0046] Preferably, the parameters of the plasma surface modification treatment are as follows: treatment voltage 100-200V, for example, 100V, 120V, 140V, 160V, 180V, 200V, etc.; current 0.5-2A, for example, 0.5A, 0.6A, 0.8A, 1A, 1.2A, 1.5A, 2A, etc.; treatment distance 2-5mm, for example, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, etc.; and treatment time 15-120s, for example, 15s, 20s, 40s, 60s, 80s, 100s, 120s, etc.

[0047] Preferably, the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid is prepared by the following steps:

[0048] After the curing agent and the PDMS prepolymer are mixed, they are mixed with the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres, and ultrasonic dispersion treatment is performed to obtain the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid.

[0049] Preferably, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is performed for 10-30min, for example, 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min, 30min, etc.; the power of the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is 300-800W, for example, 300W, 400W, 500W, 600W, 700W, 800W, etc.; and the temperature of the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is 5-50℃, for example, 5℃, 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃, 45℃, 50℃, etc.

[0050] Preferably, the coating is specifically performed by using the immersion process to coat the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid on the surface of the fabric base layer.

[0051] Preferably, the curing is performed at a temperature of 30-80℃, for example, 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 80℃, etc., and the curing is performed for 2-12h, for example, 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h, 10h, etc.

[0052] Preferably, the solidification is carried out under ultrasonic treatment, the power of which is 100-300 W, for example, it can be 100 W, 150 W, 200 W, 250 W, 300 W, etc.

[0053] In the present application, it is placed in the ultrasonic treatment device during the solidification process, which not only plays a certain defoaming role, but also accelerates the floating of inorganic oxide hollow microspheres in the solution, and finally forms a micro-nano rough structure surface.

[0054] In a third aspect, the present application provides a protective fabric as described in the first aspect for preparing a molten metal splash protective fabric.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] (1) The present application forms a low-surface-energy thermal insulation and flame-retardant coating with a micro-nano rough structure, which improves the thermal protective performance and the slipperiness of molten metal. The coating is light and thin, has little effect on the air permeability of the fabric, and improves the felting property of the wool blended fabric, so that the comfort and the anti-molten metal splash performance can be considered;

[0057] (2) The protective fabric has the following thermal insulation indicators: thermal conductivity: 0.025-0.05 W·m -1 ·K -1 ; flame retardancy: A method of continuous combustion time ≤2s, smoldering time ≤2s, no molten droplet, no hole; air permeability indicators: moisture permeability: 5000-8000g / m 2 / 24h; felting property indicators: -5~5%≤water washing size change rate≤-8~8%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0058] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0059] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the protective fabric of the present application;

[0060] Among them, 1 is inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating, 2 is a fabric base layer containing wool fibers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, scientific and technical terms used in connection with the present application shall have the meanings that are commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The meanings of the terms will be clear in view of the description contained herein. In the event of any latent ambiguity, the definitions provided herein shall control. In this application, the use of "or" means "and / or" unless specifically stated otherwise. Additionally, the use of "a" or "an" means "one or more" unless specifically stated otherwise.

[0062] Generally, the nomenclature used in connection with, and the techniques of, cell and tissue culture, molecular biology, immunology, microbiology, genetics and protein and nucleic acid chemistry and hybridization described herein are those well-known and commonly used in the art. The methods and techniques of the present application are generally performed according to conventional methods in the art and as described in various general and more specific references that are cited throughout the specification unless otherwise indicated. Enzymatic reactions and purification techniques are performed according to the manufacturer's instructions, as commonly accomplished in the art or as described herein. The nomenclature used in connection with, and the techniques of, analytical chemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, and medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry described herein are those well-known and commonly used in the art.

[0063] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0064] The present application will be further described by the following examples. Unless otherwise specified, the materials in the examples are prepared according to the existing methods or directly purchased from the market.

[0065] The raw material names in the following examples are shown as follows:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Dow SYLGARD 184, the main components are polymer and crosslinking agent; the polymer and crosslinking agent are mixed in a weight ratio of 10:1.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] The present example provides a protective fabric, which is prepared by the following method:

[0071] (1) Preparation of the fabric base layer: wool fibers, flame-retardant viscose fibers and aramid fibers with a mass ratio of 1:1:1 were blended to obtain 260 g / m 2 the fabric base layer;

[0072] (2) Modification treatment of the fabric base layer: the fabric base layer containing wool fibers was subjected to plasma surface modification treatment, and the parameters of the plasma surface modification treatment were a treatment voltage of 150 V, a current of 1 A, a treatment distance of 4 mm, and a treatment time of 60 s;

[0073] (3) Preparation of the SiO2 / PDMS coating layer: 6 parts of a curing agent and 60 parts of a PDMS prepolymer were mixed, and then 34 parts of hollow silica was mixed and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment was performed at a temperature of 20°C for 20 min at a power of 500 W, to obtain a SiO2 / PDMS coating liquid;

[0074] The SiO2 / PDMS coating liquid prepared above was coated on the surface of the modified fabric base layer by using an immersion process, and was cured at a temperature of 50°C for 6 h, and during the curing process, it was placed in an ultrasonic treatment device with an ultrasonic treatment power of 200 W, to finally form a SiO2 / PDMS coating layer with a micro-nano rough structure on the fibers of the fabric base layer.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] The protective fabric is prepared by the following method:

[0077] (1) Preparation of the fabric base layer: wool fibers, flame-retardant viscose fibers and aramid fibers with a mass ratio of 1:0.8:1.2 were blended to obtain a fabric base layer, and the obtained fabric base layer had a weight of 250 g / m 2 the fabric base layer;

[0078] (2) Modification treatment of the fabric base layer: the fabric base layer containing wool fibers was subjected to plasma surface modification treatment, and the parameters of the plasma surface modification treatment were a treatment voltage of 100 V, a current of 2 A, a treatment distance of 5 mm, and a treatment time of 30 s;

[0079] (3) Preparation of the SiO2 / PDMS coating layer: 7 parts of a curing agent and 70 parts of a PDMS prepolymer were mixed, and then 23 parts of hollow silica was mixed and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion treatment was performed at a temperature of 40°C for 15 min at a power of 400 W, to obtain a SiO2 / PDMS coating liquid;

[0080] The SiO2 / PDMS coating liquid prepared above is coated on the surface of the modified fabric base layer by using an immersion process, and is cured, the curing temperature is 40℃, the curing time is 8h, and during the curing process, it is placed in an ultrasonic treatment device, the ultrasonic treatment power is 250W, and finally a SiO2 / PDMS coating layer with a micro-nano rough structure is formed on the fabric base layer fibers.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] The embodiment provides a protective fabric prepared by the following method.

[0083] (1) Preparation of fabric base layer: wool fibers, flame-retardant viscose fibers and aramid fibers with a mass ratio of 1:1.2:0.8 are blended to obtain a fabric base layer, and the fabric base layer has a weight of 270g / m 2 Fabric base layer;

[0084] (2) Modification treatment of fabric base layer: the fabric base layer containing wool fibers is subjected to plasma surface modification treatment, and the plasma surface modification treatment parameters are a treatment voltage of 200V, a current of 0.5A, a treatment distance of 2mm, and a treatment time of 90s;

[0085] (3) Preparation of SiO2 / PDMS coating layer: 5 parts of a curing agent and 50 parts of a PDMS prepolymer are mixed, and then mixed with 45 parts of hollow silica, and ultrasonic dispersion treatment is performed, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment time is 25min, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment power is 600W, and the ultrasonic dispersion treatment temperature is 20℃, to obtain a SiO2 / PDMS coating liquid;

[0086] The SiO2 / PDMS coating liquid prepared above is coated on the surface of the modified fabric base layer by using an immersion process, and is cured, the curing temperature is 40℃, the curing time is 8h, and during the curing process, it is placed in an ultrasonic treatment device, the ultrasonic treatment power is 250W, and finally a SiO2 / PDMS coating layer with a micro-nano rough structure is formed on the fabric base layer fibers.

[0087] Example 4

[0088] The embodiment provides a protective fabric, which is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the fabric base layer in step (1) is prepared by blending wool fibers and flame-retardant viscose fibers with a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a fabric base layer with a weight of 260g / m 2 Fabric base layer; other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

[0089] Example 5

[0090] The embodiment provides a protective fabric, which is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the preparation of the fabric base layer in step (1) is as follows: wool fibers and aramid fibers with a mass ratio of 1:1 are blended to obtain 260 g / m 2 The fabric base layer; other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

[0091] Embodiment 6

[0092] The embodiment provides a protective fabric, which is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the flame-retardant viscose fiber in step (1) is replaced by the flame-retardant viscose fiber of equal mass of grafted phosphorus flame retardant triphenyl phosphate; other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

[0093] Embodiment 7

[0094] The embodiment provides a protective fabric, which is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the modification treatment of the fabric base layer in step (2) is not performed, and the SiO2 / PDMS coating liquid is directly coated on the fabric base layer in step (1) without the plasma surface modification treatment; other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

[0095] Embodiment 8

[0096] The embodiment provides a protective fabric, which is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the parameters of the plasma surface modification treatment in step (2) are as follows: a treatment voltage is 300 V, a current is 3 A, a treatment distance is 1 mm, and a treatment time is 150 s; other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

[0097] Embodiment 9

[0098] The embodiment provides a protective fabric, which is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the hollow silica in the SiO2 / PDMS coating liquid in step (3) is replaced by solid silica with equal mass; other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

[0099] Embodiment 10

[0100] The embodiment provides a protective fabric, which is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the solidification process in step (3) is not performed in the ultrasonic treatment device, but the fabric base layer after the modification treatment is only immersed in the SiO2 / PDMS coating liquid; other steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

[0101] Embodiment 11

[0102] The embodiment provides a protective fabric, which is prepared by the following method.

[0103] (1) Preparation of the fabric base layer: wool fibers, flame-retardant viscose fibers and aramid fibers with a mass ratio of 1:1:1 are blended to obtain 260 g / m 2 The fabric base layer;

[0104] (2) Modification treatment of the fabric base layer: the fabric base layer containing wool fibers is subjected to plasma surface modification treatment, and the parameters of the plasma surface modification treatment are a treatment voltage of 150 V, a current of 1 A, a treatment distance of 4 mm, and a treatment time of 60 s.

[0105] (3) Preparation of the Al2O3 / PDMS coating: 6 parts of a curing agent and 60 parts of PDMS prepolymer are mixed, and then mixed with 34 parts of hollow Al2O3, and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 20 min at a power of 500 W and a temperature of 20°C to obtain an Al2O3 / PDMS coating liquid.

[0106] The Al2O3 / PDMS coating liquid prepared above is coated on the surface of the modified fabric base layer by an impregnation process, and is cured at a temperature of 50°C for 6 h, and during the curing process, it is placed in an ultrasonic treatment device at a power of 200 W, and finally an Al2O3 / PDMS coating with a micro-nano rough structure is formed on the fibers of the fabric base layer.

[0107] Comparative Example 1

[0108] This comparative example provides a protective fabric prepared by the following method:

[0109] (1) Preparation of the fabric base layer: wool fibers, flame-retardant viscose fibers, and aramid fibers in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 are blended to obtain a 350 g / m2fabric base layer. 2 Fabric base layer;

[0110] (2) Modification treatment of the fabric base layer: the fabric base layer containing wool fibers is subjected to plasma surface modification treatment, and the parameters of the plasma surface modification treatment are a treatment voltage of 150 V, a current of 1 A, a treatment distance of 4 mm, and a treatment time of 60 s.

[0111] Comparative Example 2

[0112] This comparative example provides a protective fabric prepared by the following method:

[0113] (1) Preparation of the fabric base layer: wool fibers, flame-retardant viscose fibers, and aramid fibers in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 are blended to obtain a 260 g / m2fabric base layer. 2 Fabric base layer;

[0114] (2) Modification treatment of the fabric base layer: the fabric base layer containing wool fibers is subjected to plasma surface modification treatment, and the parameters of the plasma surface modification treatment are a treatment voltage of 150 V, a current of 1 A, a treatment distance of 4 mm, and a treatment time of 60 s;

[0115] (3) Preparation of the PDMS coating layer: 10 parts of a curing agent and 90 parts of a PDMS prepolymer are mixed and subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment, the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is performed for 20 min at a power of 500 W and a temperature of 20℃, to obtain a PDMS coating liquid;

[0116] The PDMS coating liquid prepared above is coated on the surface of the modified fabric base layer by using an immersion process, and is cured at a temperature of 50℃ for 6 h, and during the curing process, it is placed in an ultrasonic treatment device with an ultrasonic treatment power of 200 W, to finally form a PDMS coating layer with a micro-nano rough structure on the fibers of the fabric base layer.

[0117] Test Example

[0118] Test sample: protective fabrics prepared in Examples 1-11 and protective fabrics provided in Comparative Examples 1-2;

[0119] Test standard: China industry standard FZ / T 64083-2021 Anti-molten metal splash fabric;

[0120] The specific test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0121] Table 1

[0122]

[0123] As can be seen from the test data in Table 1, the protective fabric has the following indexes: heat insulation: thermal conductivity: 0.025-0.05 W·m -1 ·K -1 ; flame retardancy: A method of afterflame time ≤2s, smoldering time ≤2s, no molten droplets, no holes; air permeability index: moisture permeability: 5000-8000 g / m 2 / 24h; felting index: -5~5% ≤ water washing size change rate ≤-8~8%. Thus, it is fully evidenced that the present application forms a low-surface-energy heat-insulating and flame-retardant coating layer with a micro-nano rough structure, which improves the heat protection performance and the slipperiness of molten metal. The coating layer is light and thin, has little effect on the air permeability of the fabric, and improves the felting property of the wool blended fabric, so that the comfort and the anti-molten metal splash performance can be considered.

[0124] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A protective fabric, characterized in that, The protective fabric comprises a fabric base layer containing wool fibers and an inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating layer coated on the fabric base layer; The fabric base layer is prepared by blending wool fibers, flame-retardant viscose fibers and aramid fibers; the flame-retardant viscose fibers are obtained by grafting and / or blending a silicon-nitrogen flame-retardant into viscose fibers; The preparation raw materials of the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating layer include, in terms of mass percentage, PDMS prepolymer 50-70%, inorganic oxide hollow microspheres 23-45% and curing agent 5-7%; The preparation method of the protective fabric is: The inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid is coated on the surface of the fabric base layer containing wool fibers, and then cured to obtain the protective fabric; Before coating, the fabric base layer containing wool fibers needs to be subjected to plasma surface modification treatment; the parameters of the plasma surface modification treatment are a treatment voltage of 100-200 V, a current of 0.5-2 A, a treatment distance of 2-5 mm and a treatment time of 15-120 s; The inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid is prepared by the following steps: mixing the curing agent and the PDMS prepolymer, then mixing with the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres, and then ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid; the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is performed for 10-30 min at a power of 300-800 W and a temperature of 5-50℃; The coating is specifically performed by using an impregnation process to coat the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid on the surface of the fabric base layer; the curing is performed at a temperature of 30-80℃ for 2-12 h; the curing is performed under ultrasonic treatment at a power of 100-300 W.

2. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The mass ratio of the wool fibers, the flame-retardant viscose fibers and the aramid fibers is 1:(0.5-1.5):(0.6-1.2).

3. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The silicon-nitrogen flame-retardant is selected from any one or a combination of at least two of phosphazene, phosphoramide, phosphoramide, phosphate, polysilicic acid or polysilicate.

4. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The silicon-nitrogen flame-retardant accounts for 10-40% of the total mass of the flame-retardant viscose fibers.

5. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating layer has a micro-nano rough structure.

6. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The inorganic oxide hollow microspheres are hollow silica microspheres and / or hollow alumina microspheres.

7. The protective fabric of claim 6, wherein, The inorganic oxide hollow microspheres are hollow silica microspheres.

8. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The particle size of the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres is 100-1000 nm, and the shell thickness of the inorganic oxide hollow microspheres is 10-20 nm.

9. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The curing agent is an organic silicon curing agent.

10. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The areal density of the fabric base layer is 240-280 g / m 2 .

11. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating layer is 10-50 μm.

12. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The heat conductivity of the protective fabric is 0.025-0.05 W·m -1 ·K -1 .

13. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein, The protective fabric has a moisture permeability of 5000-8000 g / m 2 / 24h.

14. The protective fabric of claim 1, wherein The water washing size change rate of the protective fabric is 5-8%.

15. A method of making the protective fabric according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, The preparation method is: The inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid is coated on the surface of the fabric base layer containing wool fibers, and then cured to obtain the protective fabric; The plasma surface modification treatment of the fabric base layer containing wool fibers before coating requires a treatment voltage of 100-200 V, a current of 0.5-2 A, a treatment distance of 2-5 mm, and a treatment time of 15-120 s. The inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid is prepared by the following steps: mixing a curing agent and a PDMS prepolymer, then mixing with inorganic oxide hollow microspheres, and ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid; the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is performed for 10-30 min at a power of 300-800 W and a temperature of 5-50 DEG C. The coating is specifically performed by using an impregnation process to coat the inorganic oxide hollow microsphere / PDMS coating liquid on the surface of the fabric base layer; the curing is performed at a temperature of 30-80 DEG C for 2-12 h; and the curing is performed under ultrasonic treatment at a power of 100-300 W.

16. Use of the protective fabric according to any one of claims 1-14 in the preparation of a molten metal splash protective fabric.

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