Hydraulic impact hammer

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of hydraulic impact hammers, including rear end head, drill bit, shell sleeve and impact component;Rear end head is connected with the first end of shell sleeve, drill bit is connected with the second end of shell sleeve, impact component is arranged in the inside of shell sleeve, and the first end of impact component is in contact with rear end head, the second end of impact component is in contact with drill bit;Drill bit is provided with anti-drop washer and drill chuck, drill chuck and anti-drop washer are all set on the outer side wall of one end of drill bit, and drill chuck is below anti-drop washer.The present application realizes the reciprocating motion of impact piston of hydraulic impact hammer by the area difference and pressure transformation of impact piston and power slide valve, so as to realize the reciprocating impact of impact piston to drill bit, and realize the impact drilling movement of drill bit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep drilling, and specifically to a hydraulic impact hammer. Background Technology

[0002] To extract underground resources such as oil, geothermal energy, and coal, hydraulic impact hammers were invented to break up hard rock formations such as granite. As a crucial component of underground mining infrastructure construction, hydraulic impact hammers have been widely adopted. With the increasing demand for geothermal energy extraction from deep, dry hot rock formations, but the fact that these formations are often located at depths exceeding 4 km and are covered by hard rock layers such as granite, increases the difficulty of drilling. Hydraulic impact hammers are widely used in drilling hard rock formations in the oil and gas industry, the geothermal industry, and mineral exploration.

[0003] A hydraulic impact hammer is a large "impact drill" driven by high-pressure drilling fluid. This impact hammer has great impact power and a high impact frequency, resulting in a high rock-breaking speed.

[0004] Hydraulic impact hammers, as a new type of impact crushing engineering equipment, are widely used in hard rock crushing and engineering construction, especially in urban renewal and concrete component demolition. Due to their versatility, operational flexibility, and effective role in improving labor productivity, they are increasingly valued by mining and construction departments. This mechanical secondary crushing method offers significant social and economic benefits compared to traditional exposed blasting methods, thus leading to its rapid development and promising prospects for wider application.

[0005] Existing hydraulic impact hammers typically use small structures to control the hammer, allowing it to operate in drilling fluid. Because drilling fluid is viscous and contains solid particles, this small structure can become clogged. Furthermore, the piston has a large impact force but lacks a buffer structure, which can easily cause irregular vibrations in the hammer body, leading to instability and even affecting its service life.

[0006] In addition, existing hydraulic impact hammers have too many flow channels and complex structures, which can easily cause leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a hydraulic impact hammer. Based on the principle of a hydraulic-mechanical control system, the reciprocating motion of the impact piston of the hydraulic impact hammer is achieved through the area difference and pressure transformation between the impact piston and the power slide valve. The reciprocating impact piston impacts the drill bit, thereby realizing the impact drilling motion of the drill bit.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses the following technical solution:

[0009] A hydraulic impact hammer includes a rear end, a drill bit, a housing sleeve, and an impact assembly; the rear end is connected to a first end of the housing sleeve, the drill bit is connected to a second end of the housing sleeve, the impact assembly is disposed inside the housing sleeve, and the first end of the impact assembly contacts the rear end, and the second end of the impact assembly contacts the drill bit.

[0010] The drill bit is provided with an anti-drop washer and a drill bit chuck. The drill bit chuck and the anti-drop washer are both sleeved on the outer side wall of one end of the drill bit, and the drill bit chuck is located below the anti-drop washer.

[0011] The impact assembly includes a diversion sleeve, a filter inner sleeve, a slide valve end cap, a power slide valve, a power valve chamber, an impact piston guide sleeve, an impact piston, a piston bushing, a piston guide sleeve, and a drill bit guide sleeve. The first end of the diversion sleeve is connected to the downstream end, and the second end of the diversion sleeve is connected to the first end of the slide valve end cap. The filter inner sleeve is disposed inside the diversion sleeve, and the second end of the diversion sleeve has an inverted frustum-shaped structure. The slide valve end cap and the power slide valve are sequentially disposed inside the power valve chamber, and the power slide valve can move within the power valve chamber. The first end of the power valve chamber has an outer edge, the first surface of which contacts the second end of the diversion sleeve, and the second surface of which contacts the first end of the power valve chamber sleeve. The outer side wall of the power valve chamber contacts the inner side wall of the first end of the power valve chamber sleeve. The second end of the power valve chamber is connected to the first end of the impact piston guide sleeve. The first end of the impact piston guide sleeve has a limiting protrusion, and the outer side wall of the limiting protrusion… The first end of the impact piston is sleeved on the side wall of the impact piston guide sleeve and is located below the limiting protrusion. The outer side wall of the first end of the impact piston contacts the inner side wall of the second end of the power valve chamber sleeve. The impact piston can move on the impact piston guide sleeve. The second end of the power valve chamber is connected to the first end of the piston bushing through a support sleeve. The outer side wall of the middle end of the impact piston contacts the inner side wall of the piston bushing. The outer side wall of the piston bushing contacts the inner side wall of the outer casing sleeve. The second end of the piston bushing contacts the first end of the piston guide sleeve. The outer casing sleeve has an internal protrusion. The second end of the piston guide sleeve contacts the first surface of the internal protrusion. The inner side wall of the piston guide sleeve contacts the outer side wall of the second end of the impact piston. The second surface of the internal protrusion contacts the first end of the drill bit guide sleeve. The second end of the drill bit guide sleeve contacts the anti-drop washer.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the drill bit chuck is connected to the inner wall of the second end of the outer casing sleeve. The inner wall of the drill bit chuck is provided with an internal guide protrusion that provides a guiding motion trajectory for the drill bit. The outer wall of the drill bit is provided with a first connecting protrusion and a second connecting protrusion. The second connecting protrusion cooperates with the internal guide protrusion. The surface between the first connecting protrusion and the second connecting protrusion is smooth. The anti-drop washer is disposed on the smooth surface and is restricted by the drill bit guide sleeve and the drill bit chuck. The first connecting protrusion is located inside the drill bit guide sleeve and can move inside the drill bit guide sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the movement of the power slide valve provides power to the impact piston, so that the movement of the impact piston drives the drill bit to move; the diverter sleeve, filter inner sleeve, slide valve end cover, power valve chamber, power valve chamber sleeve, impact piston guide sleeve, piston bushing, piston guide sleeve and drill bit guide sleeve are limited by the rear end, anti-drop washer, drill bit chuck and outer sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the outer sides of the diversion sleeve, the filter inner sleeve, the power slide valve, the power valve chamber, and the impact piston guide sleeve are all provided with oil passage grooves.

[0015] Preferably, the outer casing sleeve is provided with a first hydraulic pipeline, a second hydraulic pipeline, a third hydraulic pipeline, a fourth hydraulic pipeline, a fifth hydraulic pipeline, a sixth hydraulic pipeline and a seventh hydraulic pipeline in sequence.

[0016] Preferably, the diversion sleeve is used to divert drilling fluid from the downstream end, which is then filtered by the inner filter sleeve and diverted. The first hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the power slide valve; the second hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the upper part of the impact piston; the third hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the lower part of the impact piston; the fourth hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston or from the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston to the power slide valve; the fifth hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the lower part of the power slide valve; the sixth hydraulic line flows from the upper part of the impact piston to the inside of the power slide valve; and the seventh hydraulic line flows from the lower part of the power slide valve to the inside of the impact piston.

[0017] Preferably, when both the power spool valve and the impact piston are in the lower position, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth hydraulic lines all pass through high-pressure drilling fluid; when the power spool valve is in the upper position and the impact piston is in the lower position, the sixth hydraulic line passes through low-pressure drilling fluid, and the first, third, fourth, and fifth hydraulic lines pass through high-pressure drilling fluid; when both the power spool valve and the impact piston are in the upper position, the first, third, and fourth hydraulic lines pass through high-pressure drilling fluid, and the fifth, sixth, and seventh hydraulic lines pass through low-pressure drilling fluid; when the power spool valve is in the lower position and the impact piston is in the upper position, the first, second, third, and fourth hydraulic lines pass through high-pressure drilling fluid, and the fifth and seventh hydraulic lines pass through low-pressure drilling fluid.

[0018] Preferably, the drilling fluid in each pipeline eventually flows to the hydraulic outlet in the impact piston and out of the drill bit.

[0019] Preferably, the outer wall of the outer casing sleeve is provided with a plurality of protrusions for easy disassembly and assembly.

[0020] Preferably, after the drilling fluid flows out of the diversion sleeve, it flows to the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston, and then flows from the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston to the lower part of the power slide valve.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention ensures the normal motion cycle of the impact hammer by the cooperation of the power slide valve and the impact piston, realizes continuous hammering, improves the continuity and stability of the hydraulic impact hammer in the working state, and significantly improves the impact force and impact power, which meets the buffering requirements of the large impact force generated by the hydraulic impact hammer and improves the stability of the impact hammer.

[0023] (2) The outer sleeve of the present invention is provided with multiple pipelines, which can obtain a larger space for parts arrangement without changing the overall size, and can simplify the flow channel, avoid leakage, and increase the working flow rate. It avoids jamming and wear failure caused by small feature structures, thereby increasing the working flow rate and improving the overall working performance.

[0024] (3) The impact piston guide sleeve of the present invention has an open oblique bypass flow channel, and a part of the high pressure drilling fluid is directly connected to the low pressure chamber, which can effectively increase the flow rate.

[0025] (4) The present invention has a simple overall structure. Multiple protrusions are provided on the outer side wall of the outer sleeve for easy disassembly and assembly, making it easy to disassemble, clean and maintain. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the impact piston being in the lower position and the power slide valve being in the lower position in this invention.

[0027] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the impact piston being in the lower position and the power slide valve being in the upper position in this invention.

[0028] Figure 1c This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the impact piston being in the upper position and the power slide valve being in the upper position in this invention.

[0029] Figure 1d This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the impact piston being in the upper position and the power slide valve being in the lower position in this invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the hydraulic impact hammer of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the impact piston guide sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power valve chamber of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power slide valve of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-drop washer of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diversion sleeve of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter inner sleeve of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear connector of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the outer casing sleeve of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit chuck of the present invention.

[0041] The following are descriptions of some of the attached figures:

[0042] 1. High-pressure drilling fluid inlet; 2. First hydraulic line; 3. Second hydraulic line; 4. Fourth hydraulic line; 5. Third hydraulic line; 6. Fifth hydraulic line; 7. Seventh hydraulic line; 8. High-pressure drilling fluid outlet; 9. Power slide valve; 10. Filter inner sleeve; 11. Rear connector end; 12. Diverter sleeve; 13. Slide valve end cap; 14. Power valve chamber; 15. Power valve chamber sleeve; 16. Drill bit; 17. Drill bit chuck; 18. Anti-drop washer; 19. Drill bit guide sleeve; 20. Piston bushing; 21. Support sleeve; 22. Outer sleeve; 23. Impact piston; 24. Impact piston guide sleeve; 25. Sixth hydraulic line; 161. First connecting protrusion; 162. Second connecting protrusion; 163. Smooth surface; 171. Internal guide protrusion; 241. Limiting protrusion; 121. Inverted truncated cone; 141. Outer eaves. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0044] This invention provides a multifunctional hydraulic impact hammer that can be applied to various occasions such as geothermal extraction and oil exploration. It meets the requirements of continuous and stable operation of hydraulic impact hammer, significantly improves impact force and impact power, meets the impact stroke requirements, ensures smooth drilling fluid oil circuit of hydraulic impact hammer to avoid jamming and wear failure caused by small feature structures, increases working flow, and improves overall working performance.

[0045] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the invention more readily understood, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] As shown in Figures 1-12, a hydraulic impact hammer includes a rear end 11, a drill bit 16, a housing sleeve 22, and an impact assembly. The rear end 11 is connected to the first end of the housing sleeve 22, the drill bit 16 is connected to the second end of the housing sleeve 22, and the impact assembly is disposed inside the housing sleeve 22. The first end of the impact assembly contacts the rear end 11, and the second end of the impact assembly contacts the drill bit 16.

[0047] The drill bit 16 is provided with an anti-drop washer 18 and a drill bit chuck 17. Both the drill bit chuck 17 and the anti-drop washer 18 are fitted on the outer side wall of one end of the drill bit 16, and the drill bit chuck 17 is located below the anti-drop washer 18.

[0048] The impact assembly includes a diversion sleeve 12, a filter inner sleeve 10, a slide valve end cap 13, a power slide valve 9, a power valve chamber 14, an impact piston guide sleeve 24, an impact piston 23, a piston bushing 20, a piston guide sleeve, and a drill bit guide sleeve 19. The first end of the diversion sleeve 12 is connected to the rear end cap 11, and the second end of the diversion sleeve 12 is connected to the first end of the slide valve end cap 13. The filter inner sleeve 10 is disposed inside the diversion sleeve 12, and the second end of the diversion sleeve 12 has an inverted truncated cone structure 121.

[0049] Both the slide valve end cap 13 and the power slide valve 9 are sequentially arranged inside the power valve chamber 14, and the power slide valve 9 can move within the power valve chamber 14. The first end of the power valve chamber 14 is provided with an outer rim 141, the first surface of which contacts the second end of the diverter sleeve 12, and the second surface of which contacts the first end of the power valve chamber sleeve 15. The outer wall of the power valve chamber 14 contacts the inner wall of the first end of the power valve chamber sleeve 15. The second end of the power valve chamber 14 is connected to the first end of the impact piston guide sleeve 24. The first end of the impact piston guide sleeve 24 is provided with a limiting protrusion 241, the outer wall of which contacts the inner wall of the power valve chamber sleeve 15. The first end of the impact piston 23 is sleeved on the side wall of the impact piston guide sleeve 24, and the impact piston 23 is in a limited position. Below the protrusion 241, the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston 23 contacts the inner wall of the second end of the power valve chamber sleeve 15, and the impact piston 23 can move on the impact piston guide sleeve 24; the second end of the power valve chamber 14 is connected to the first end of the piston bushing 20 through the support sleeve 21, the outer wall of the middle end of the impact piston 23 contacts the inner wall of the piston bushing 20, the outer wall of the piston bushing 20 contacts the inner wall of the outer shell sleeve 22, the inner shell sleeve 22 is provided with an internal protrusion, the second end of the piston bushing contacts the first surface of the internal protrusion, the inner wall of the piston bushing contacts the outer wall of the second end of the impact piston 23, the second surface of the internal protrusion contacts the first end of the drill bit guide sleeve 19, and the second end of the drill bit guide sleeve 19 contacts the anti-drop washer 18.

[0050] The outer side wall of the drill chuck 17 is connected to the inner side wall of the second end of the outer sleeve 22. The inner side wall of the drill chuck 17 is provided with an internal guide protrusion 171 to provide a guide motion trajectory for the drill bit. The outer side wall of the drill bit is provided with a first connecting protrusion 161 and a second connecting protrusion 162. The second connecting protrusion 162 cooperates with the internal guide protrusion 171. There is a smooth surface 163 between the first connecting protrusion 161 and the second connecting protrusion 162. The anti-drop washer 18 is provided on the smooth surface 163 and is restricted by the drill bit guide sleeve 19 and the drill chuck 17. The first connecting protrusion is located inside the drill bit guide sleeve 19 and the first connecting protrusion 161 can move inside the drill bit guide sleeve 19.

[0051] The movement of the power slide valve 9 provides power to the impact piston 23, which in turn drives the drill bit to move. The flow divider sleeve, filter inner sleeve 10, slide valve end cover 13, power valve chamber 14, power valve chamber sleeve 15, impact piston guide sleeve 24, piston bushing 20, piston guide sleeve, and drill bit guide sleeve 19 are restricted in their position by the rear end 11, the drill bit, and the outer sleeve 22.

[0052] Oil passage grooves are provided on the outer sides of the diversion sleeve 12, the filter inner sleeve 10, the power slide valve 9, the power valve chamber 14, and the impact piston guide sleeve 24.

[0053] The outer sleeve 22 is provided with a first hydraulic line 2, a second hydraulic line 3, a third hydraulic line 5, a fourth hydraulic line 4, a fifth hydraulic line 6, a sixth hydraulic line 25 and a seventh hydraulic line 7.

[0054] Drilling fluid flows in from the rear connector 11, is filtered by the inner filter sleeve 10, and then diverted by the diversion sleeve 12. The pipeline flowing from the diversion sleeve 12 to the power slide valve 9 is the first hydraulic line 2; the pipeline flowing from the power slide valve 9 to the upper part of the impact piston 23 is the second hydraulic line 3; the pipeline flowing from the diversion sleeve 12 to the lower part of the impact piston 23 is the third hydraulic line 5; and the pipeline flowing from the diversion sleeve 12 to the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston 23, or from the outer side of the first end of the impact piston 23... The pipeline flowing to the power spool valve 9 from the side wall is the fourth hydraulic pipeline 4; the pipeline flowing out of the fourth hydraulic pipeline 4 and to the lower part of the power spool valve 9 is the fifth hydraulic pipeline 6; the pipeline flowing from the upper part of the impact piston 23 to the inside of the power spool valve 9 is the sixth hydraulic pipeline 25; the pipeline flowing out of the lower part of the power spool valve 9 and to the inside of the impact piston 23 is the seventh hydraulic pipeline 7; the second hydraulic pipeline 3 and the sixth hydraulic pipeline 25 are the same pipeline, and when it is a high-pressure channel, it is the second hydraulic pipeline 3, and when it is a low-pressure channel, it is the sixth hydraulic pipeline 25.

[0055] When both the power valve 9 and the impact piston are in the lower position, the first hydraulic line 2, the second hydraulic line 3, the third hydraulic line 5, the fourth hydraulic line 4, and the fifth hydraulic line 6 all pass through high-pressure drilling fluid. When the power valve 9 is in the upper position and the impact piston is in the lower position, the sixth hydraulic line 25 passes through low-pressure drilling fluid, while the first hydraulic line 2, the third hydraulic line 5, the fourth hydraulic line 4, and the fifth hydraulic line 6 pass through high-pressure drilling fluid. When both the power valve 9 and the impact piston are in the upper position, the first hydraulic line 2, the third hydraulic line 5, and the fourth hydraulic line 4 pass through high-pressure drilling fluid, while the fifth hydraulic line 6, the sixth hydraulic line 25, and the seventh hydraulic line 7 pass through low-pressure drilling fluid. When the power valve 9 is in the lower position and the impact piston is in the upper position, the first hydraulic line 2, the second hydraulic line 3, the third hydraulic line 5, and the fourth hydraulic line 4 pass through high-pressure drilling fluid, while the fifth hydraulic line 6 and the seventh hydraulic line 7 pass through low-pressure drilling fluid.

[0056] The drilling fluid in each pipeline eventually flows to the hydraulic outlet in the impact piston 23 and then flows out from the drill bit.

[0057] Multiple protrusions are provided on the outer side wall of the outer sleeve 22 for easy disassembly and assembly.

[0058] In the fourth hydraulic line 4, the drilling fluid flows out from the diversion sleeve 12 and then flows to the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston 23, and then flows from the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston 23 to the lower part of the power slide valve 9.

[0059] Example:

[0060] This embodiment provides a hydraulic impact hammer, the working principle of which is shown in Figure 1. Figures 1a-1dThe solid line represents the high-pressure channel, and the dashed line represents the low-pressure channel. Due to gravity, both the impact piston 23 and the power slide valve 9 are in the lower position when the hydraulic impact hammer is started. High-pressure drilling fluid flows into the hydraulic impact hammer system through the high-pressure drilling fluid inlet 1; a portion of the high-pressure drilling fluid flowing into the hydraulic impact hammer system flows into the upper chamber of the power slide valve 9 through the first hydraulic pipeline 2, and the high-pressure drilling fluid passing through the upper chamber of the power slide valve 9 and the upper chamber of the impact piston 23 flows into the upper chamber of the impact piston 23 through the second hydraulic pipeline 3, thus making the upper chamber of the impact piston 23 a high-pressure state; a portion of the high-pressure drilling fluid flowing into the hydraulic impact hammer system flows into the lower chamber of the impact piston 23 through the third hydraulic pipeline 5, making the lower chamber of the impact piston 23 a high-pressure state; the high-pressure drilling fluid flowing into the hydraulic impact hammer system... A portion of the well fluid flows into the annular cavity formed by the impact piston 23 and the impact piston guide sleeve 24 through the fourth hydraulic line 4, and then flows into the internal pipe of the impact piston guide sleeve 24. After passing through the fourth hydraulic line 4 and the fifth hydraulic line 6 connected to the lower cavity of the power slide valve 9 inside the impact piston guide sleeve 24, it flows into the lower cavity of the power slide valve 9, making the lower cavity of the power slide valve 9 high pressure. At this time, the upper cavity of the power slide valve 9, the lower cavity of the power slide valve 9, the upper cavity of the impact piston 23, and the lower cavity of the impact piston 23 are all in a high pressure state. Since the area of ​​the upper cavity of the power slide valve 9 is smaller than the area of ​​the lower cavity of the power slide valve 9, the power slide valve 9 moves upward due to the area difference.

[0061] After the power slide valve 9 moves upward, the high-pressure drilling fluid flows into the first hydraulic line 2 and is blocked by the power slide valve 9. The second hydraulic line 3 is connected to the sixth hydraulic line 25 on the power slide valve 9. The impact piston guide sleeve 24 and the impact piston 23 have hollow structures inside and are in a connected state, thus forming a high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8. This allows the high-pressure drilling fluid in the upper cavity of the impact piston 23 to flow through the sixth hydraulic line 25 and the second hydraulic line 3 and then out through the high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8, causing the upper cavity of the impact piston 23 to change from high pressure to low pressure. At this time, the lower cavity of the impact piston 23 is still high pressure, so the impact piston 23 moves upward due to the area difference.

[0062] After the impact piston 23 moves upward, the fifth hydraulic line 6 connects with the seventh hydraulic line 7, and the seventh hydraulic line 7 connects with the high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8. Therefore, the high-pressure drilling fluid in the lower chamber of the power valve 9 will flow through the fifth hydraulic line 6 to the seventh hydraulic line 7, and finally flow from the seventh hydraulic line 7 to the high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8, and then flow out from the high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8, thereby making the lower chamber of the power valve 9 low pressure. Therefore, the power valve 9 moves downward due to the pressure difference.

[0063] After the power slide valve 9 moves down, the sixth hydraulic line 25 is blocked, and the first hydraulic line 2 and the second hydraulic line 3 are connected. At this time, the high-pressure drilling fluid flows into the upper chamber of the impact piston 23 through the first hydraulic line 2 and the second hydraulic line 3, making the upper chamber of the impact piston 23 high pressure. Since the area of ​​the upper chamber of the impact piston 23 is larger than the area of ​​the lower chamber of the impact piston 23, the impact piston 23 moves down.

[0064] After the impact piston 23 moves down, the hydraulic impact hammer system returns to the initial state where both the impact piston 23 and the power slide valve 9 are in the lower position, thereby realizing the reciprocating cyclic motion of the impact piston 23 and the power slide valve 9, thus completing the continuous impact of the impact piston 23 on the drill bit.

[0065] An oblique bypass channel is opened in the piston guide sleeve so that the first hydraulic line 2 is always connected to the high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8, thereby increasing the flow rate.

[0066] The upper end of the power slide valve 9 is slidably fitted with the slide valve end cover 13 to form the upper chamber of the power slide valve 9, and a difference in area between the upper and lower force-bearing surfaces of the upper chamber of the power slide valve 9 is formed. The lower end of the power slide valve 9 is slidably fitted with the power valve chamber 14, and a force-bearing surface of the lower chamber of the power slide valve 9 is formed. The power slide valve 9 is installed inside the power valve chamber 14 and the slide valve end cover 13.

[0067] The impact piston 23 is installed inside the power valve chamber sleeve 15 and the piston bushing 20, and the power valve chamber sleeve 15 and the piston bushing 20 provide positioning for the impact piston 23.

[0068] The inner diameter of the impact piston 23 mates with the impact piston guide sleeve 24 to form a sliding fit.

[0069] The drill bit slides into the drill bit guide sleeve 19 and the drill bit chuck 17.

[0070] Based on the above structure, after the high-pressure drilling fluid is introduced, the impact piston 23 can be moved up and down to complete the drilling by switching between high and low pressure in the upper and lower chambers of the impact piston 23 through the difference in the valve chamber area of ​​the power slide valve 9 and the switching between high and low pressure in the upper and lower chambers of the impact piston 23. Initially, due to gravity, the impact piston 23 and the power slide valve 9 are in the lower position. The high-pressure drilling fluid flows out from the high-pressure drilling fluid inlet 1 in the diversion sleeve 12. The high-pressure drilling fluid inlet 1 is an annular chamber composed of the filter inner sleeve 10 and the diversion sleeve 12. Part of it flows into the upper chamber of the power slide valve 9 through the first hydraulic line 2, so that the upper chamber of the power slide valve 9 achieves high pressure. The other part enters the third hydraulic line 5 and finally flows into the lower chamber of the impact piston 23, ensuring that the lower chamber of the impact piston 23 is always in a high-pressure state during the entire operation of the hydraulic impact hammer. A portion of the fluid flows into the fourth hydraulic line 4, which is formed by a horizontal through-hole shared by the power valve chamber sleeve 15 and the impact piston guide sleeve 24. This portion of high-pressure drilling fluid enters the fifth hydraulic line 6, which is composed of the impact piston guide sleeve 24 and the power valve chamber 14, through the annular chamber inside the impact piston guide sleeve 24 and the vertical straight channel, and then flows into the lower chamber of the power spool valve 9. Because the force-bearing area of ​​the lower chamber of the power spool valve 9 plus the upper force-bearing area of ​​the upper chamber of the power spool valve 9 is greater than the lower force-bearing area of ​​the upper chamber of the power spool valve 9, the power spool valve 9 moves upward.

[0071] The power slide valve 9 moves upward, eventually reaching the upper position. During this upward movement, the upper chamber formed by the power slide valve 9 and the power valve chamber 14 connects with the low-pressure channel inside the power slide valve 9. Therefore, this chamber is connected through the low-pressure pipeline inside the power slide valve 9 and the high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8 inside the impact piston guide sleeve 24, thus connecting the high-pressure drilling fluid and the drilling fluid outlet. The drilling fluid in the upper chamber of the impact piston 23 enters the high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8 through the sixth hydraulic line 25. Because the lower chamber of the impact piston 23 is always under high pressure, the impact piston 23 moves upward, eventually reaching the upper position.

[0072] During the upward movement of the impact piston 23, the fifth hydraulic line 6 is closed, and the seventh hydraulic line 7, which is open at the lower part of the guide sleeve 24 of the impact piston 23, connects with the low-pressure channel inside the impact piston 23. The drilling fluid in the lower chamber of the power valve 9 flows through the fifth hydraulic line 6 to the seventh hydraulic line 7, and finally flows from the seventh hydraulic line 7 to the high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8, and then flows out from the high-pressure drilling fluid outlet 8. At this time, the lower chamber of the power valve 9 is in a low-pressure state, while the upper chamber of the power valve 9 is in a high-pressure state. However, the lower force-bearing area of ​​the upper chamber of the power valve 9 is greater than the upper force-bearing area, resulting in a downward net force on the power valve 9, causing the power valve 9 to move to the lower position.

[0073] During the downward movement of the power slide valve 9, the seventh hydraulic line 7 remains connected. The upper chamber of the impact piston 23 is filled with high-pressure drilling fluid from the first hydraulic line 2, and this fluid enters directly into the upper chamber of the impact piston 23 through the second hydraulic line 3, which consists of the power valve chamber and the power valve chamber sleeve 15. Since the area of ​​the upper chamber of the impact piston 23 is larger than the area of ​​the lower chamber, the impact piston 23 moves downward, eventually reaching its lower position. After the impact piston 23 moves downward, the hydraulic impact hammer system returns to the initial state where both the impact piston 23 and the power slide valve 9 are in the lower position, thus realizing the reciprocating cyclic motion of the impact piston 23 and the power slide valve 9, thereby completing the continuous impact of the impact piston 23 on the drill bit.

[0074] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic impact hammer, characterized in that, It includes a rear connector, a drill bit, a housing sleeve, and an impact assembly; the rear connector is connected to a first end of the housing sleeve, the drill bit is connected to a second end of the housing sleeve, the impact assembly is disposed inside the housing sleeve, and the first end of the impact assembly contacts the rear connector, and the second end of the impact assembly contacts the drill bit. The drill bit is provided with an anti-drop washer and a drill bit chuck. The drill bit chuck and the anti-drop washer are both sleeved on the outer side wall of one end of the drill bit, and the drill bit chuck is located below the anti-drop washer. The impact assembly includes a diversion sleeve, a filter inner sleeve, a slide valve end cap, a power slide valve, a power valve chamber, an impact piston guide sleeve, an impact piston, a piston bushing, a piston guide sleeve, and a drill bit guide sleeve. The first end of the diversion sleeve is connected to the downstream end, and the second end of the diversion sleeve is connected to the first end of the slide valve end cap. The filter inner sleeve is disposed inside the diversion sleeve, and the second end of the diversion sleeve has an inverted frustum-shaped structure. The slide valve end cap and the power slide valve are both sequentially disposed inside the power valve chamber. Furthermore, the power slide valve can move within the power valve chamber. The first end of the power valve chamber has an outer edge, and a power valve chamber sleeve is provided outside the power valve chamber. The first surface of the outer edge contacts the second end of the diverting sleeve, and the second surface of the outer edge contacts the first end of the power valve chamber sleeve. The outer wall of the power valve chamber contacts the inner wall of the first end of the power valve chamber sleeve. The second end of the power valve chamber communicates with the first end of the impact piston guide sleeve. The first end of the impact piston guide sleeve is provided with a limiting protrusion. The outer wall of the limiting protrusion contacts the inner wall of the power valve chamber sleeve. The first end of the impact piston is sleeved on the side wall of the impact piston guide sleeve, and the impact piston is located below the limiting protrusion. The outer wall of the first end of the impact piston contacts the inner wall of the second end of the power valve chamber sleeve. The impact piston can move on the impact piston guide sleeve. The second end of the power valve chamber is connected to the first end of the piston bushing through a support sleeve. The outer wall of the middle end of the impact piston contacts the inner wall of the piston bushing. The outer wall of the piston bushing contacts the inner wall of the outer casing sleeve. The second end of the piston bushing contacts the first end of the piston guide sleeve. The outer casing sleeve has an internal protrusion. The second end of the piston guide sleeve contacts the first surface of the internal protrusion. The inner wall of the piston guide sleeve contacts the outer wall of the second end of the impact piston. The second surface of the internal protrusion contacts the first end of the drill bit guide sleeve. The second end of the drill bit guide sleeve contacts the anti-drop washer.

2. The hydraulic impact hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side wall of the drill bit chuck is connected to the inner side wall of the second end of the outer casing sleeve. The inner side wall of the drill bit chuck is provided with an internal guide protrusion that provides a guiding motion trajectory for the drill bit. The outer side wall of the drill bit is provided with a first connecting protrusion and a second connecting protrusion. The second connecting protrusion cooperates with the internal guide protrusion. There is a smooth surface between the first connecting protrusion and the second connecting protrusion. The anti-drop washer is provided on the smooth surface and is restricted by the drill bit guide sleeve and the drill bit chuck. The first connecting protrusion is located inside the drill bit guide sleeve and can move inside the drill bit guide sleeve.

3. The hydraulic impact hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movement of the power slide valve provides power to the impact piston, causing the impact piston to move and drive the drill bit to move. The diverter sleeve, filter inner sleeve, slide valve end cover, power valve chamber, power valve chamber sleeve, impact piston guide sleeve, piston bushing, piston guide sleeve and drill bit guide sleeve are limited by the rear end, anti-drop washer, drill bit chuck and outer sleeve.

4. The hydraulic impact hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer sides of the diversion sleeve, filter inner sleeve, power slide valve, power valve chamber, and impact piston guide sleeve are all provided with oil passage grooves.

5. The hydraulic impact hammer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer casing sleeve is provided with a first hydraulic pipeline, a second hydraulic pipeline, a third hydraulic pipeline, a fourth hydraulic pipeline, a fifth hydraulic pipeline, a sixth hydraulic pipeline and a seventh hydraulic pipeline in sequence.

6. The hydraulic impact hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diversion sleeve is used to divert drilling fluid from the downstream end, which is then filtered by the inner filter sleeve. The first hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the power slide valve; the second hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the upper part of the impact piston; the third hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the lower part of the impact piston; the fourth hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston or from the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston to the power slide valve; the fifth hydraulic line flows from the diversion sleeve to the lower part of the power slide valve; the sixth hydraulic line flows from the upper part of the impact piston to the inside of the power slide valve; and the seventh hydraulic line flows from the lower part of the power slide valve to the inside of the impact piston.

7. The hydraulic impact hammer according to claim 6, characterized in that, When both the power spool valve and the impact piston are in the lower position, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth hydraulic lines all pass through high-pressure drilling fluid. When the power spool valve is in the upper position and the impact piston is in the lower position, the sixth hydraulic line passes through low-pressure drilling fluid, while the first, third, fourth, and fifth hydraulic lines pass through high-pressure drilling fluid. When both the power spool valve and the impact piston are in the upper position, the first, third, and fourth hydraulic lines pass through high-pressure drilling fluid, while the fifth, sixth, and seventh hydraulic lines pass through low-pressure drilling fluid. When the power spool valve is in the lower position and the impact piston is in the upper position, the first, second, third, and fourth hydraulic lines pass through high-pressure drilling fluid, while the fifth and seventh hydraulic lines pass through low-pressure drilling fluid.

8. The hydraulic impact hammer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drilling fluid in each pipeline eventually flows to the hydraulic outlet in the impact piston and out of the drill bit.

9. The hydraulic impact hammer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer wall of the outer casing sleeve is provided with multiple protrusions for easy disassembly and assembly.

10. The hydraulic impact hammer according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the drilling fluid flows out of the diversion sleeve, it flows to the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston, and then flows from the outer wall of the first end of the impact piston to the lower part of the power slide valve.

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