A simulation experiment device for supporting a coal mining face in a mine

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining simulation experiment equipment, in particular to a mine coal mining working face support simulation experiment device, which comprises an experiment box made of transparent glass material, a plurality of support plates are supported by a plurality of hydraulic cylinders at the bottom of the experiment box, a rock mass collapse simulation mechanism is arranged above the support plates, the rock mass collapse simulation mechanism is used for simulating the pressure of the support plates when the rock mass above the coal mining roadway working face breaks and collapses, so as to adjust the support strength of the support plates in the coal mining roadway, a discharge control assembly is arranged in the experiment box, the discharge control assembly is used for discharging the rock blocks above the support plates in a controlled amount, which facilitates the pressure simulation experiment of the rock mass collapse simulation mechanism on the support plates, so that the support safety and stability of the support plates in the coal mining working face on the goaf can be simulated, and more accurate data support can be provided for the construction personnel when supporting the support plates in the coal mining working face.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of coal mining simulation experimental equipment, specifically a coal mining face support simulation experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of coal mining in my country, face collapse is a fundamental aspect of safety management. Analyzing the causes and prevention measures of face collapse accidents is crucial for accident prevention, improving tunneling efficiency, and promoting safe production. This article mainly analyzes the factors contributing to and preventing face collapse in coal mining operations.

[0003] To prevent coal face collapse, support plates are usually installed at the coal face. However, when construction workers need to support the coal face, they cannot predict in time whether the overburden above the goaf will break and collapse onto the support plate due to excessive pressure caused by the detachment of rocks below during coal mining. This can lead to excessive pressure on the support plate and affect the stability and safety of the support plate in the roadway. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simulation experimental device for coal mining face support in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal mining face support simulation experimental device, comprising an experimental box made of transparent glass. Multiple support plates are supported at the bottom of the experimental box by multiple hydraulic cylinders. A rock mass collapse simulation mechanism is installed above the support plates. This mechanism is used to simulate the pressure on the support plates at the point of fracture and collapse when the rock mass above the coal mining face fractures and collapses, thereby adjusting the support strength of the support plates in the coal mining roadway. A material discharge control component is installed inside the experimental box to control the discharge of rock blocks above the support plates, facilitating pressure simulation experiments on the support plates by the rock mass collapse simulation mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the rock collapse simulation mechanism includes a support cross plate, a collapse plate, rock blocks, an elastic corrugated plate, an electromagnetic strip, and a metal strip; the symmetrical support cross plates are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the experimental chamber, and elastic corrugated plates are fixed to the opposite sides of the symmetrical support cross plates; the collapse plate is placed between the two support cross plates, and elastic corrugated plates are also fixed to both sides of the collapse plate; rock blocks are laid flat in contact between the support cross plates, the collapse plate, and the support plate, and soil particles are filled in the gaps between two adjacent rock blocks; an electromagnetic strip is fixed to the elastic corrugated plate located on one side of the support cross plate; metal strips are fixed to the outer sides of the elastic corrugated plates on both sides of the collapse plate, and the outer sides of the metal strips are in close contact with the electromagnetic strips; the tension adjustment component is placed between the metal strips and the electromagnetic strips, and is used to tension and pull the collapsed collapse plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the tension adjustment assembly includes a pull rope, a sliding block, and a hydraulic push rod. A compression chamber is formed inside an elastic corrugated plate located on one side of the support cross plate, and at least four through holes are formed on the outer side of the compression chamber. The four through holes pass through one side of the electromagnetic strip. At least two I-shaped pull ropes are arranged inside the compression chamber, and the two free ends of each I-shaped pull rope pass through two of the through holes and are fixedly connected to the side of the metal strip. A sliding block is fixed at the center of each I-shaped pull rope, and the sliding block is slidably arranged inside the compression chamber. A hydraulic push rod is fixed inside the support cross plate, and the piston rod end face of the hydraulic push rod is connected to the sliding block.

[0008] Furthermore, the tension adjustment assembly also includes an air guide tube, which is fixedly installed inside the support cross plate. One end of the air guide tube is inserted into the compression chamber, and the other end of the air guide tube extends out of the outer side of the experimental box and is connected to the air pipe of the air pump.

[0009] Furthermore, the discharge control component includes a shrink box and a shrink plate. The shrink box is fixed to the side of the test chamber, and the port of the shrink box is located on the inner side of the test chamber. The shrink plate is slidably inserted into the shrink box through an electric push rod, and the end face of the shrink plate is in contact with the inclined baffle at the end of the support plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the experimental chamber is equipped with multiple infrared cameras, which are connected to the experimenter's computer via electrical signals. A water spray pipe is installed on the top of the experimental chamber, and multiple spray pipes are connected to the bottom of the water spray pipe.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] 1. This invention simulates rock collapse by installing a rock collapse simulation mechanism above the support plate. By controlling the de-energization of the electromagnetic strips on the side of the elastic corrugated plate, it detaches from the magnetic attraction of the metal strips on both sides of the collapse plate. Therefore, as rocks below the collapse plate continuously fall through the gaps on the outer side of the inclined baffle, the collapse plate will sink downwards due to its own weight and the squeezing pressure of the soil and rock layer above. At this time, the tension adjustment component will continuously tension and pull the descending collapse plate. Therefore, the pressure on the descending collapse plate itself will be transferred to the support plate through some of the detached rocks. The pressure sensors and displacement sensors on the support plate will monitor the pressure and displacement data in real time, thereby simulating the safety and stability of the support plate in the goaf within the coal mining face. This provides construction personnel with more accurate data support when using support plates in the coal mining face.

[0013] 2. This invention incorporates a tension adjustment component within the elastic corrugated plate. When the electromagnetic strip is de-energized and loses its magnetic attraction to the metal strip, the collapse plate will sink downwards due to the gravity of the surrounding soil and rock layer. At this point, the experimenter can control the piston rod of the hydraulic push rod within the support plate to extend, causing it to push the sliding block towards the side of the compression chamber closest to the electromagnetic strip. This allows the two ends of the I-shaped pull rope to be in a relaxed state, facilitating the downward sinking of the collapse plate. Furthermore, the two ends of the I-shaped pull rope can provide gravity-based support to the collapse plate, thus allowing adjustment of the pressure on the support plate during the collapse plate's sinking. This simulates the maximum support force that the support plate in the coal mining face can withstand, thereby adjusting the safe support capacity of the support plate in the actual coal mining face. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the experimental chamber of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the support plate of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Experimental chamber; 2. Support plate; 3. Rock collapse simulation mechanism; 31. Support plate; 32. Collapse plate; 33. Rock block; 34. Elastic corrugated plate; 341. Compression chamber; 35. Electromagnetic strip; 36. Metal strip; 4. Tension adjustment assembly; 41. Pull rope; 42. Sliding block; 43. Hydraulic push rod; 44. Air guide pipe; 5. Discharge control assembly; 51. Shrink box; 52. Shrink plate; 53. Electric push rod; 6. Inclined baffle; 7. Water spray pipe; 8. Spraying pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this invention provides a technical solution for a coal mining face support simulation experimental device: It includes an experimental box 1 made of transparent glass. Multiple support plates 2 are supported at the bottom of the experimental box 1 by multiple hydraulic cylinders. A rock mass collapse simulation mechanism 3 is installed above the support plates 2. The rock mass collapse simulation mechanism 3 is used to simulate the pressure on the support plates 2 at the point of fracture and collapse when the rock mass above the coal mining face fractures and collapses, thereby adjusting the support strength of the support plates 2 in the coal mining roadway. A material discharge control group is also installed inside the experimental box 1. Component 5, the discharge control component 5 is used to control the discharge of rock blocks 33 above the support plate 2, so as to facilitate the rock mass collapse simulation mechanism 3 to conduct pressure simulation experiments on the support plate 2; the present invention is designed so that when construction personnel need to support the working face of coal mining, because the construction personnel cannot predict in time whether the overlying stratum above the goaf of the working face will break and collapse onto the support plate 2 due to the detachment of rock blocks 33 below it during coal mining, thus causing the overlying stratum to bear excessive pressure and fall onto the support plate 2, thereby causing the support plate 2 to bear excessive pressure and affecting the roadway. The inner support plate 2 provides stable and safe support for the working face of the roadway. Therefore, this invention can be based on the terrain detected by the surveyors in the coal mining area. Then, the construction personnel first support the support plate 2 at the bottom of the experimental box 1 using multiple hydraulic jacks. Then, a rock and soil collapse simulation mechanism is set above the support plate 2, which can simulate the rock mass layer terrain above the coal mining face. At this time, the material discharge control component 5 can control the speed and amount of rock blocks 33 falling above the support plate 2, thereby enabling the rock and soil collapse simulation mechanism to simulate the terrain below the overburden layer. The rock and soil blocks detach from the support of the overburden layer, causing excessive pressure on the overburden layer above the support plate 2, resulting in local collapse. At the same time, it can simulate the pressure on the support plate 2 when the overburden layer collapses locally and adjust accordingly. Furthermore, the pressure sensor and displacement sensor on the support plate 2 will monitor the pressure and displacement of the support plate 2 in real time when the overburden layer collapses locally. This allows construction personnel to adjust the support plate 2 or support device in the coal mining face in a timely manner based on the simulated experimental data to ensure the safe and stable support of the coal mining face.

[0020] As one embodiment of the present invention, the rock collapse simulation mechanism 3 includes a support plate 31, a collapse plate 32, a rock block 33, an elastic corrugated plate 34, an electromagnetic strip 35, and a metal strip 36.

[0021] The supporting horizontal plate 31 is symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner wall of the left and right sides of the experimental box 1, and the opposite sides of the symmetrical supporting horizontal plate 31 are fixed with elastic corrugated plates 34.

[0022] Collapse plate 32, the collapse plate 32 is set between two supporting horizontal plates 31, and elastic corrugated plates 34 are also fixed on both sides of the collapse plate 32.

[0023] Rock blocks 33 are laid flat in contact between the supporting horizontal plate 31, the collapse plate 32 and the support plate 2, and the gaps between two adjacent rock blocks 33 are filled with soil particles.

[0024] Electromagnetic strip 35 is fixed on the elastic corrugated plate 34 located on one side of the supporting horizontal plate 31.

[0025] Metal strip 36, the outer side of the elastic corrugated plate 34 on both sides of the collapse plate 32 is fixed with metal strip 36, and the outer side of metal strip 36 is in contact with electromagnetic strip 35.

[0026] Tension adjustment component 4, located between metal strip 36 and electromagnetic strip 35, is used to tension and pull the collapsed slab 32. In this invention, when simulating a collapse of the overburden layer, the experimenter can first control the discharge control component 5 via the control panel on the outer side of the experimental chamber 1. This causes the discharge control component 5 to open a gap in the inclined baffle 6 on the side of the support plate 2, allowing the rock block 33 above the support plate 2 to fall downwards to the bottom of the experimental chamber 1. At this point, the experimenter can de-energize the electromagnetic strip 35 on the side of the elastic corrugated plate 34, disengaging it from the sides of the collapsed slab 32. Due to the magnetic adsorption of the metal strip 36, as the rock blocks 33 below the collapse plate 32 continuously fall through the gap on the outer side of the inclined baffle 6, the collapse plate 32 will sink downwards due to its own weight and the squeezing pressure of the soil and rock layer above. At this time, the tension adjustment component 4 will continuously tension and pull the descending collapse plate 32. Therefore, the pressure on the descending collapse plate 32 will be transferred to the support plate 2 through the partially detached rock blocks 33. Consequently, the pressure sensor and displacement sensor on the support plate 2 will monitor the pressure and displacement data in real time, thereby simulating the movement of the support plate 2 within the coal mining face. The tension adjustment component 4 can adjust the tension force on the collapse plate 32, thereby adjusting the pressure of the collapse plate 32 on the support plate 2. For example, when the tension adjustment component 4 is completely disengaged from the collapse plate 32, the pressure of the collapse plate 32 on the support plate 2 reaches its maximum. This facilitates the simulation of the pressure on the support plate 2 in the coal mining face, allowing different support plates 2 to be used for different coal mining faces, thus improving the construction safety of the coal mining face. When the collapse plate 32 needs to be restored to its initial state after sinking, the experimenter can reverse the drive of the tension adjustment component 4. This causes the collapsed slab 32 to rise to be flush with the two supporting horizontal plates 31, and the metal strips 36 on both sides of the collapsed slab 32 to fit with the electromagnetic strips 35. Then, the electromagnetic strips 35 are energized to make them magnetic and generate magnetic attraction to fix and attract the metal strips 36, thus facilitating the fixing of the collapsed slab 32 between the symmetrical supporting horizontal plates 31. Then, the discharge control component 5 is turned off, and the rock block 33 that has fallen below the experimental box 1 is placed on top of the support plate 2, so that the rock block 33 fixes and supports the collapsed slab 32 and the supporting horizontal plates 31, thus facilitating the experimental box 1 to continue the support simulation experiment of the coal mining face.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tension adjustment assembly 4 includes a pull rope 41, a sliding block 42, and a hydraulic push rod 43. A compression cavity 341 is formed inside an elastic corrugated plate 34 located on one side of the supporting cross plate 31. At least four through holes are formed on the outer side of the compression cavity 341, and these four through holes pass through one side of the electromagnetic strip 35. At least two I-shaped pull ropes 41 are arranged inside the compression cavity 341, and the two free ends of each I-shaped pull rope 41 pass through two of the through holes and are fixedly connected to the side of the metal strip 36. A sliding block 42 is fixed at the center of each I-shaped pull rope 41, and the sliding block 42 is slidably positioned... The hydraulic push rod 43 is fixed inside the support plate 31 and placed in the compression chamber 341. The piston rod end face of the hydraulic push rod 43 is connected to the sliding block 42. In this invention, when the electromagnetic strip 35 is de-energized and loses its magnetic attraction to the metal strip 36, the collapsed slab 32 will sink downwards due to the gravity of the upper soil layer. At this time, the experimenter can control the piston rod of the hydraulic push rod 43 inside the support plate 31 to extend, causing it to push the sliding block 42 to slide towards the side of the compression chamber 341 closer to the electromagnetic strip 35. This allows the two ends of the I-shaped pull rope 41 to be in a relaxed state, facilitating the downward sinking of the collapsed slab 32. The two ends of rope 41 can provide gravity-based support for the collapse plate 32, thus facilitating the adjustment of the pressure on the support plate 2 when the collapse plate 32 sinks. When the maximum pressure that the template support plate 2 needs to withstand is required, the piston rod of hydraulic push rod 43 pushes the sliding block 42 to move to the side wall of compression chamber 341 to fit against it. The horizontal width of compression chamber 341 and the length of I-shaped rope 41 are sufficient to ensure that the gravity of the collapse plate 32 is fully applied to the upper surface of support plate 2, thereby simulating the maximum pressure that support plate 2 experiences in the coal mining face, and thus adjusting the safety support capacity of support plate 2 in the actual coal mining face. When it is necessary to reduce the downward sinking collapse... When the collapse plate 32 is pulled upward, the experimenter can remove the simulated soil and rock layer above the supporting horizontal plate 31 and the collapse plate 32. Then, the piston rod of the hydraulic push rod 43 is controlled to retract, causing it to drive the I-shaped pull rope 41 to retract into the compression chamber 341 through the sliding block 42. This allows the free end of the pull rope 41 to pull the collapse plate 32 up to be flush with the supporting horizontal plate 31 through the metal strip 36. Then, the electromagnetic strip 35 is energized to magnetically attract the metal strip 36, making it easier for the collapse plate 32 to be horizontally supported between the two supporting horizontal plates 31. This allows the collapse plate 32 and the supporting horizontal plate 31 to continue supporting the filling soil and rock layer above in the simulation experiment.

[0028] As one embodiment of the present invention, the tension adjustment component 4 further includes an air guide pipe 44, which is fixedly installed inside the support cross plate 31. One end of the air guide pipe 44 is inserted into the compression chamber 341, and the other end of the air guide pipe 44 extends out of the outer side of the experimental box 1 and is connected to the air pipe of the air pump. In accordance with the present invention, when the discharge control component 5 is opened from one side of the inclined guard plate, causing a small amount of rock and soil to fall, in order to simulate the initial downward settlement effect of the collapse plate 32, the experimenter can control the air pump to extract some of the gas in the compression chamber 341 through the air pipe, thereby reducing the hardness of the elastic corrugated plate 34. As a result, when the collapse plate 32 is initially subjected to the pressure of the upper rock and soil layer, the electromagnetic strip 35 and the metal strip 36 are still in a magnetic adsorption state. However, due to the reduced hardness of the elastic corrugated plate 34 on the side of the electromagnetic strip 35, the collapse plate 32 will experience a slight downward movement. The effect of subsidence is achieved by gradually de-energizing the electromagnetic strip 35 as more rock blocks 33 fall. This allows the construction workers to control the piston rod of the hydraulic push rod 43 to extend, thereby simulating the states of slight subsidence, partial subsidence, and complete subsidence of the collapse plate 32. This facilitates a better simulation of the state changes of the support plate 2 under different pressures during coal mining face support, providing more accurate data support for actual coal mining face support. When the collapse plate 32 is pulled upward by the rope 41 to be flush with the support cross plate 31, the air pump will fill the compression chamber 341 with gas through the air pipe. The through hole and the rope 41 are connected by a sliding seal, which helps to increase the hardness of the elastic corrugated plate 34. This allows the rising collapse plate 32 to be stably supported between the two support cross plates 31, enabling the collapse plate 32 to provide gravity support for the soil and rock layers.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the discharge control component 5 includes a shrink box 51 and a shrink plate 52. The shrink box 51 is fixed to the side of the experimental chamber 1, and the port of the shrink box 51 is located on the inner side of the experimental chamber 1. The shrink plate 52 is slidably inserted into the shrink box 51 through an electric push rod 53, and the end face of the shrink plate is in contact with the inclined baffle 6 at the end of the support plate 2. According to the present invention, when it is necessary for the rock block 33 to fall to the bottom of the experimental chamber 1, the experimenter can control the electric push rod 53 inside the shrink box 51. The piston rod retracts, causing the retraction plate to retract into the retraction box 51. This causes the retraction plate to disengage from the side of the inclined baffle 6, allowing the rock block 33 to fall out of the gap between the retraction plate and the inclined baffle 6. This facilitates the removal of the rock block 33 between the support plate 2 and the collapse plate 32. As the piston rod of the electric push rod 53 continues to retract, the distance between the retraction plate and the inclined baffle 6 increases, thereby accelerating the falling speed of the rock block 33 and enabling the collapse plate 32 to simulate different descent speeds.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the experimental chamber 1 is equipped with multiple infrared cameras, which are connected to the experimenter's computer via electrical signals. A water spray pipe 7 is installed above the experimental chamber 1, and multiple spray pipes 8 are connected below the water spray pipe 7. The present invention is designed so that the cooperation of multiple infrared cameras, pressure sensors, and displacement sensors inside the experimental chamber 1 can accurately monitor the changes in pressure on the support plate 2 inside the experimental chamber 1, and then transmit the data to the computer via electrical signals for data analysis, thereby facilitating support simulation experiments on coal mining faces. The multiple spray pipes 8 installed above the experimental chamber 1 can spray water to simulate the phenomenon of water seepage or water pressure collapse caused by untimely drainage of the coal mining face, thus facilitating the simulation experiment device to conduct various accident simulation experiments on coal mining faces.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A simulation experiment device for mine coal face support, comprising an experiment box (1), characterized in that, The experimental box (1) adopts transparent glass material, the inner bottom of the experimental box (1) is supported by a plurality of support plates (2) through a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, a rock mass collapse simulation mechanism (3) is arranged above the support plates (2), the rock mass collapse simulation mechanism (3) is used for simulating the pressure of the support plates (2) when the rock mass above the working face of the coal mining roadway appears fracture and collapse, so as to adjust the support strength of the support plates (2) in the coal mining roadway, a discharging control assembly (5) is arranged in the experimental box (1), the discharging control assembly (5) is used for discharging the rock blocks (33) above the support plates (2) in a controlled amount, so as to facilitate the pressure simulation experiment of the rock mass collapse simulation mechanism (3) on the support plates (2); The rock mass collapse simulation mechanism (3) comprises support cross plates (31), collapse plates (32), rock blocks (33), elastic corrugated plates (34), energized magnetic strips (35) and metal strips (36); The support cross plates (31) are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the experimental box (1) in a symmetrical manner, and the opposite sides of the symmetrical support cross plates (31) are fixedly provided with elastic corrugated plates (34); The collapse plates (32) are arranged between the two support cross plates (31), and the two side surfaces of the collapse plates (32) are also fixedly provided with elastic corrugated plates (34); The rock blocks (33) are in flat contact between the support cross plates (31), the collapse plates (32) and the support plates (2), and the gaps between adjacent two rock blocks (33) are filled with soil particles; The energized magnetic strips (35) are fixed on the elastic corrugated plates (34) on one side of the support cross plates (31); The metal strips (36) are fixed on the outer side surfaces of the elastic corrugated plates (34) on the two side surfaces of the collapse plates (32), and the outer side surfaces of the metal strips (36) are in contact with the energized magnetic strips (35); The tension adjusting assembly (4) is arranged between the metal strips (36) and the energized magnetic strips (35), and is used for tensioning and pulling the collapsed collapse plates (32); The tension adjusting assembly (4) comprises pull ropes (41), sliding blocks (42) and hydraulic push rods (43), a compression cavity (341) is formed in the elastic corrugated plate (34) arranged on one side of the support cross plate (31), at least four through holes are formed in the outer side surface of the compression cavity (341), and the four through holes pass through one side of the energized magnetic strip (35), at least two I-shaped pull ropes (41) are arranged in the compression cavity (341), the two free ends of each I-shaped pull rope (41) are fixedly connected to the side surface of the metal strip (36) through two through holes, a sliding block (42) is fixed at the center position of each I-shaped pull rope (41), and the sliding block (42) is slidably arranged in the compression cavity (341), and a hydraulic push rod (43) is fixed in the support cross plate (31), and the piston rod end surface of the hydraulic push rod (43) is connected to the sliding block (42).

2. The coal mining face support simulation experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension adjusting assembly (4) further comprises an air guide pipe (44) fixedly arranged in the support transverse plate (31), one end of the air guide pipe (44) is inserted into the compression cavity (341), and the other end of the air guide pipe (44) is communicated with the air pipe of the air pump outside the lateral surface of the experiment box (1).

3. The coal mining face support simulation experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material discharging and quantity controlling assembly (5) comprises a contraction box (51) and a contraction plate (52), the contraction box (51) is fixed on the lateral surface of the experiment box (1), the end of the contraction box (51) is located on the inner lateral surface of the experiment box (1), the contraction plate (52) is slidably inserted into the contraction box (51) through the electric push rod (53), and the end surface of the contraction plate is in contact with the inclined baffle (6) at the end of the support plate (2).

4. The coal mining face support simulation experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of infrared cameras are arranged in the experiment box (1), the infrared cameras are communicated with the computer of the experiment personnel through electric signals, a water spraying pipe (7) is arranged above the experiment box (1), and a plurality of spraying pipes (8) are communicated below the water spraying pipe (7).

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