A method, system and equipment for fault diagnosis of wind turbine pitch system

Abstract

This invention provides a method, system, and equipment for fault diagnosis of wind turbine pitch system, comprising the following steps: Step 1, acquiring real-time operating data of multiple wind turbines located in different wind direction regions; Step 2, analyzing the power characteristics of the generators in the real-time operating data; Step 3, diagnosing pitch faults based on the obtained power characteristic analysis results; This invention improves the accuracy of diagnostic results by analyzing and inspecting various possible fault locations in the pitch system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind turbine technology, specifically a method, system, and equipment for fault diagnosis of wind turbine pitch systems. Background Technology

[0002] A wind turbine generator set consists of a wind turbine and a generator. A wind power source comprises the wind turbine generator set, the tower supporting the generator set, a battery charging controller, an inverter, a load unloader, a grid connection controller, and a battery bank. Variable pitch, or pitch angle adjustment, refers to the ability of the blades mounted on the hub to change their pitch angle through control. During operation, when the output power is less than the rated power, the pitch angle remains at zero degrees and is not adjusted.

[0003] Over long periods of use, exposure to sun, wind, and rain can make variable pitch systems prone to malfunctions. There are many factors that can cause problems, including both external and internal components. Without proper diagnosis and analysis, it is difficult to identify and resolve these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system and equipment for fault diagnosis of wind turbine pitch system, which solves the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a fault diagnosis method for a wind turbine pitch control system, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Obtain real-time operating data of multiple wind turbines located in different wind direction areas;

[0008] Step 2: Analyze the power characteristics of the generator set in the real-time operating data;

[0009] Step 3: Diagnose pitch faults based on the obtained power characteristic analysis results.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, multiple wind turbine units are respectively arranged in the windward area, the leeward area, and the intermediate area between the windward area and the leeward area.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, in step 2, the power characteristics of the generator set in the real-time operating data are analyzed using the following formula to obtain the wind energy power that the wind turbine generator set can capture:

[0012]

[0013]

[0014] Among them, CP ρ is the wind energy utilization coefficient; P is the wind power that the wind turbine can capture; β is the blade pitch angle; λ is the tip speed ratio; ρ is the air density; υ is the effective wind speed of the rotor; and R is the rotor radius.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, step 3 involves diagnosing pitch faults based on the obtained power characteristic analysis results. The specific method is as follows:

[0016] Based on the obtained power characteristic analysis results, a curve was plotted, and abnormal wind turbine units were detected based on the obtained curve.

[0017] The pitch angle of the abnormal wind turbine is collected, and the collected pitch angle is compared with the preset value. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether the pitch of the abnormal wind turbine is faulty.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, encoders A and B are used to collect the pitch angle of abnormal wind turbine units.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, encoder A is a rotary encoder on a pitch motor.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, encoder B is a blade angle calculator.

[0021] A preferred embodiment also provides a fault diagnosis system for a wind turbine pitch control system, comprising:

[0022] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire real-time operating data of multiple wind turbines located in different wind direction areas;

[0023] The characteristic analysis unit is used to analyze the power characteristics of the generator set in the real-time operating data;

[0024] The fault diagnosis unit is used to diagnose pitch faults based on the obtained power characteristic analysis results.

[0025] A preferred embodiment also provides a fault diagnosis device for a wind turbine pitch system, including a processor and a computer program capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] This invention provides a fault diagnosis method for wind turbine pitch control systems. By analyzing and inspecting various possible fault locations in the pitch control system, the cause of the fault can be quickly identified, facilitating repair by staff and ensuring the normal operation of the wind turbine. By using multiple control groups for comparison, the location of the fault can be quickly identified, and the accuracy of the diagnosis can be analyzed, making the diagnosis results more accurate. It can also predict the probability of fault occurrence, thereby improving the accuracy of the diagnosis results. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Please refer to [the accompanying drawings]. Figure 1 This invention provides three technical solutions:

[0030] Example 1

[0031] The present invention provides a fault diagnosis method for a wind turbine pitch control system, comprising the following steps:

[0032] S1. Select wind turbine: Determine the wind turbine to be diagnosed and analyzed, adjust the operating data of the wind turbine according to the normal operating state, and record the relevant values;

[0033] S2. Analyze relevant operating data: Under the operating conditions of the wind turbine, the power characteristics of the generator set are analyzed using equations (1) and (2) to obtain the wind energy power P that the wind turbine can capture:

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] Among them, C P ρ is the wind energy utilization coefficient; P is the wind power that the wind turbine can capture; β is the blade pitch angle; λ is the tip speed ratio; ρ is the air density; υ is the effective wind speed of the rotor; and R is the rotor radius.

[0037] S3. Plot all the obtained wind power as curves and detect abnormal wind turbine units;

[0038] S4. Analysis and diagnosis of pitch faults in abnormal wind turbine units: a. Analyze and diagnose pitch angle faults. Measure the pitch angle using encoders A and B, compare the measured values ​​with the angle required by the design and perform relevant calculations. By comparison, determine whether the set value is met, and further determine whether the pitch angle is faulty and its cause.

[0039] b. Analyze and diagnose pitch torque faults, carefully check whether bolts are loose, carefully check lubrication, check bearing wear, determine whether the inertial load is normal, and also check and test the reducer, observe the reducer's operation, and see if it is running smoothly or has failed and died.

[0040] c. Analyze and diagnose pitch motor faults, measure and detect the pitch motor temperature to determine if it exceeds the normal value, compare the motor power, and observe the motor's operating status.

[0041] S4. Analyze the results: Make a comprehensive judgment on the results, calculate and analyze the accuracy of the diagnosis, and record the data. The formula for calculating the accuracy of the diagnosis is:

[0042]

[0043] Wherein, TP represents the number of times the wind turbine was correctly diagnosed as being in a faulty state; FP represents the number of times the wind turbine, which was actually in a normal state, was incorrectly diagnosed as being in a faulty state; FN represents the number of times the wind turbine, which was actually in a faulty state, was incorrectly diagnosed as being in a normal state; TN represents the number of times the wind turbine was correctly diagnosed as being in a normal state; and ACC represents the diagnostic accuracy rate.

[0044] S5. Diagnostic Assessment: Summarize and analyze the obtained information, summarize the causes of the fault and the most frequent factors that cause the fault, and use the obtained information as a control group for the next diagnosis.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S1, the operating data are wind speed, blade pitch angle, wind turbine speed and power, and the values ​​are average values ​​over five seconds.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, if the unit cannot capture wind energy and cannot respond to changes in wind speed, then the pitch angle will be faultily feathered; this will directly lead to the failure of the variable pitch system, resulting in premature start-up of the pitch angle below the rated wind speed; the wind-receiving area of ​​the wind turbine will decrease, and the wind energy utilization rate will decrease, resulting in an excessive increase of the pitch angle above the rated wind speed.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, encoder A is a rotary encoder on the pitch motor, and encoder B is a blade angle calculator.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, if the motor cannot generate electrical energy and the unit is forced to stop, it is a motor failure stop; if it cannot reach the normal speed at the corresponding wind speed, the speed at which the wind turbine reaches the rated state is slowed down, and the motor speed response is too slow below the rated wind speed; if the motor cannot work under the rated state, the power generation efficiency decreases, and the motor speed is too low above the rated wind speed; check whether the internal gears of the motor are blocked and affect its use, and analyze whether there is an internal short circuit or an external overload.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, the data used for comparison and the data collected during the detection process in steps S1 to S5 can be archived and plotted as curves for comparison to analyze the fault trend and facilitate targeted diagnosis and repair in the future.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S1, when selecting wind turbine units, 10 sets of wind turbine units are set as comparison references, of which 3 sets are windward units, 3 sets are non-windward units, and 4 sets are intermediate area units.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A fault diagnosis method for a wind turbine pitch control system includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Select wind turbine units: Select the wind turbine units to be diagnosed and analyzed for comparison, adjust the operating data of each unit according to the normal operating state, and record the relevant values;

[0054] S2. Analyze relevant operating data: Under the operating conditions of the wind turbine, analyze the power characteristics of the generator set. The formula for the analysis is as follows:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] S3. Pitch Fault Analysis and Diagnosis: a. Analyze and diagnose pitch angle faults. Measure the pitch angle using encoders A and B, compare the measured values ​​with the angle required by the design, and perform relevant calculations. By comparing, determine whether the set value is met, and further determine whether the pitch angle is faulty and its cause.

[0058] b. Analyze and diagnose pitch torque faults, carefully check whether bolts are loose, carefully check lubrication, check bearing wear, determine whether the inertial load is normal, and also check and test the reducer, observe the reducer's operation, and see if it is running smoothly or has failed and died.

[0059] c. Analyze and diagnose pitch motor faults, measure and detect the pitch motor temperature to determine if it exceeds the normal value, compare the motor power, and observe the motor's operating status.

[0060] S4. Analyze the results: Make a comprehensive judgment on the results, calculate and analyze the accuracy of the diagnosis, and record the data. The formula for calculating the accuracy of the diagnosis is:

[0061]

[0062] S5. Diagnostic Assessment: Summarize and analyze the obtained information, summarize the causes of the fault and the most frequent factors that cause the fault, and use the obtained information as a control group for the next diagnosis.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S1, the operating data are wind speed, blade pitch angle, wind turbine speed and power, and the values ​​are average values ​​over five seconds.

[0064] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S2, C P denoted as the wind energy utilization coefficient, P as the wind power that the wind turbine can capture, β as the blade pitch angle, λ as the tip speed ratio, ρ as the air density, υ as the effective wind speed of the rotor, and R as the rotor radius.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, if the unit cannot capture wind energy and cannot respond to changes in wind speed, then the pitch angle will be faultily feathered; this will directly lead to the failure of the variable pitch system, resulting in premature start-up of the pitch angle below the rated wind speed; the wind-receiving area of ​​the wind turbine will decrease, and the wind energy utilization rate will decrease, resulting in an excessive increase of the pitch angle above the rated wind speed.

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, encoder A is a rotary encoder on the pitch motor, and encoder B is a blade angle calculator.

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, if the motor cannot generate electrical energy and the unit is forced to stop, it is a motor failure stop; if it cannot reach the normal speed at the corresponding wind speed, the speed at which the wind turbine reaches the rated state is slowed down, and the motor speed response is too slow below the rated wind speed; if the motor cannot work under the rated state, the power generation efficiency decreases, and the motor speed is too low above the rated wind speed; check whether the internal gears of the motor are blocked and affect its use, and analyze whether there is an internal short circuit or an external overload.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S4, TP represents the number of times the wind turbine was correctly diagnosed as being in a faulty state, FP represents the number of times the wind turbine that was actually in a normal state was incorrectly diagnosed as being in a faulty state, FN represents the number of times the wind turbine that was actually in a faulty state was incorrectly diagnosed as being in a normal state, TN represents the number of times the wind turbine was correctly diagnosed as being in a normal state, and ACC represents the diagnostic accuracy rate.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, the data used for comparison and the data collected during the detection process in steps S1 to S5 can be archived and plotted as curves for comparison to analyze the fault trend and facilitate targeted diagnosis and repair in the future.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S1, when selecting wind turbine units, 15 sets of wind turbine units are set as comparison references, 7 sets are as windward units, 7 sets are as non-windward units, and 1 unit is as a unit in the middle area.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] A fault diagnosis method for a wind turbine pitch control system includes the following steps:

[0073] S1. Select wind turbine units: Select the wind turbine units to be diagnosed and analyzed for comparison, adjust the operating data of each unit according to the normal operating state, and record the relevant values;

[0074] S2. Analyze relevant operating data: Under the operating conditions of the wind turbine, analyze the power characteristics of the generator set. The formula for the analysis is as follows:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] S3. Pitch Fault Analysis and Diagnosis: a. Analyze and diagnose pitch angle faults. Measure the pitch angle using encoders A and B, compare the measured values ​​with the angle required by the design, and perform relevant calculations. By comparing, determine whether the set value is met, and further determine whether the pitch angle is faulty and its cause.

[0078] b. Analyze and diagnose pitch torque faults, carefully check whether bolts are loose, carefully check lubrication, check bearing wear, determine whether the inertial load is normal, and also check and test the reducer, observe the reducer's operation, and see if it is running smoothly or has failed and died.

[0079] c. Analyze and diagnose pitch motor faults, measure and detect the pitch motor temperature to determine if it exceeds the normal value, compare the motor power, and observe the motor's operating status.

[0080] S4. Analyze the results: Make a comprehensive judgment on the results, calculate and analyze the accuracy of the diagnosis, and record the data. The formula for calculating the accuracy of the diagnosis is:

[0081]

[0082] S5. Diagnostic Assessment: Summarize and analyze the obtained information, summarize the causes of the fault and the most frequent factors that cause the fault, and use the obtained information as a control group for the next diagnosis.

[0083] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S1, the operating data are wind speed, blade pitch angle, wind turbine speed and power, and the values ​​are average values ​​over five seconds.

[0084] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S2, C P denoted as the wind energy utilization coefficient, P as the wind power that the wind turbine can capture, β as the blade pitch angle, λ as the tip speed ratio, ρ as the air density, υ as the effective wind speed of the rotor, and R as the rotor radius.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, if the unit cannot capture wind energy and cannot respond to changes in wind speed, then the pitch angle will be faultily feathered; this will directly lead to the failure of the variable pitch system, resulting in premature start-up of the pitch angle below the rated wind speed; the wind-receiving area of ​​the wind turbine will decrease, and the wind energy utilization rate will decrease, resulting in an excessive increase of the pitch angle above the rated wind speed.

[0086] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, encoder A is a rotary encoder on the pitch motor, and encoder B is a blade angle calculator.

[0087] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S3, if the motor cannot generate electrical energy and the unit is forced to stop, it is a motor failure stop; if it cannot reach the normal speed at the corresponding wind speed, the speed at which the wind turbine reaches the rated state is slowed down, and the motor speed response is too slow below the rated wind speed; if the motor cannot work under the rated state, the power generation efficiency decreases, and the motor speed is too low above the rated wind speed; check whether the internal gears of the motor are blocked and affect its use, and analyze whether there is an internal short circuit or an external overload.

[0088] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S4, TP represents the number of times the wind turbine was correctly diagnosed as being in a faulty state, FP represents the number of times the wind turbine that was actually in a normal state was incorrectly diagnosed as being in a faulty state, FN represents the number of times the wind turbine that was actually in a faulty state was incorrectly diagnosed as being in a normal state, TN represents the number of times the wind turbine was correctly diagnosed as being in a normal state, and ACC represents the diagnostic accuracy rate.

[0089] In this embodiment of the invention, the data used for comparison and the data collected during the detection process in steps S1 to S5 can be archived and plotted as curves for comparison to analyze the fault trend and facilitate targeted diagnosis and repair in the future.

[0090] In this embodiment of the invention, in step S1, when selecting wind turbine units, 11 sets of wind turbine units are set as comparison references, 5 sets are units facing the wind, 5 sets are units not facing the wind, and 1 unit is a unit in the middle area.

[0091] This embodiment also provides a fault diagnosis system for a wind turbine pitch control system, including:

[0092] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire real-time operating data of multiple wind turbines located in different wind direction areas;

[0093] The characteristic analysis unit is used to analyze the power characteristics of the generator set in the real-time operating data;

[0094] The fault diagnosis unit is used to diagnose pitch faults based on the obtained power characteristic analysis results.

[0095] This embodiment also provides a fault diagnosis device for a wind turbine pitch control system, which can be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The fault diagnosis device for a wind turbine pitch control system may include, but is not limited to, a processor, memory, etc.

[0096] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.

[0097] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine generator variable pitch system fault diagnosis method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, obtaining real-time operation data of multiple wind turbines in different wind direction areas; Step 2, analyzing power characteristics of the wind turbines in the real-time operation data; Step 3, diagnosing the pitch fault according to the obtained power characteristic analysis result; In step 2, the power characteristics of the wind turbines in the real-time operation data are analyzed by using the following formula to obtain the wind energy power that can be captured by the wind turbine: （1） （2） wherein, is the wind energy utilization coefficient; is the wind energy power that can be captured by the wind turbine generator set; is the pitch angle; is the tip speed ratio; is the air density; is the effective wind speed of the rotor; is the wind wheel radius; In step 3, the pitch fault is diagnosed according to the obtained power characteristic analysis result, and the specific method is: According to the obtained power characteristic analysis result, a curve graph is drawn, and the abnormal wind turbine is detected according to the obtained curve graph; The pitch angle of the abnormal wind turbine is collected, the collected pitch angle is compared with a preset value, and whether the pitch of the abnormal wind turbine is faulty is judged according to the comparison result.

2. A wind turbine variable pitch system fault diagnostic method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple wind turbines are arranged in a windward area, a leeward area, and an intermediate area between the windward area and the leeward area.

3. The wind turbine variable pitch system fault diagnostic method of claim 1, wherein, The pitch angle of the abnormal wind turbine is collected by using an A encoder and a B encoder.

4. A wind turbine variable pitch system fault diagnostic method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The A encoder is a rotary encoder on the pitch motor.

5. A wind turbine variable pitch system fault diagnostic method according to claim 3, wherein, The B encoder is a blade angle calculator.

6. A wind turbine generator variable pitch system fault diagnostic system characterized by, The system comprises the method according to any one of claims 1-5, and further comprises: a data acquisition unit configured to obtain real-time operation data of multiple wind turbines in different wind direction areas; a characteristic analysis unit configured to analyze power characteristics of the wind turbines in the real-time operation data; a fault diagnosis unit configured to diagnose the pitch fault according to the obtained power characteristic analysis result.

7. A wind turbine generator variable pitch system fault diagnostic apparatus comprising a processor, and a computer program operable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-5.

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