A reconstruction method of newly-built paddy field in slope field regulation

Abstract

The application discloses a reconstruction method of new paddy field in slope farmland improvement, which comprises the following steps: S1, excavating the terrace in a ladder-shaped distribution on the slope farmland; S2, trimming the ridge to a 50-60 degree slope; S3, excavating the terrace downward to a depth of 50-60 cm; S4, filling the terrace with a downward-upward distributed anti-seepage layer, clay layer and organic soil layer; S5, spraying the slope protection mud slurry mixed with grass seeds to the ridge to form a layer of slope protection layer; S6, building a water storage ditch on one side of each terrace, which is ladder-shaped from top to bottom, and each water storage ditch has a water inlet near the terrace, and each water storage ditch is provided with a spillway at the front end. The reconstructed paddy field has good anti-seepage capacity, can reduce water loss caused by seepage of the paddy field, reduce the risk of water body agricultural non-point source pollution caused by the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, is beneficial to efficient use of water resources and planting of aquatic crops, and also protects the ridge, improves the stability of the ridge and vegetation restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sloping farmland improvement technology, and in particular to a method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in sloping farmland improvement. Background Technology

[0002] Sloping farmland is a common type of farmland in hilly and plateau mountainous areas. Due to the complex terrain, steep slopes, fragmented fields, and extremely low levels of mechanized farming in these areas, most farmland is terraced or sloping. To improve the utilization rate of sloping farmland, reduce soil erosion, develop agriculture in hilly areas, and ensure food security, my country has carried out a large number of slope-to-terrace conversion projects.

[0003] Currently, under the strategic context of food security, there is an urgent need to create new paddy fields on sloping farmland or to convert dry land into paddy fields. However, the conversion of sloping farmland requires the use of large machinery for excavation and reconstruction, which damages the topsoil structure. Many of the converted paddy fields have poor seepage prevention and water retention, making it difficult to meet the needs of rice cultivation. Furthermore, the converted field ridges are exposed soil layers, which are prone to soil erosion and collapse under heavy rainfall. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the improvement of sloping farmland. The reconstructed paddy fields have good anti-seepage capabilities, which can slow down the rate of water loss in the paddy fields, which is beneficial to rice planting. In addition, the paddy field ridges are protected to effectively prevent the ridges from collapsing.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the consolidation of sloping farmland includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. First, peel off 10-20cm of topsoil and keep it for use as backfill soil for cultivation. Terraces are distributed in a stepped manner at the excavation site of sloping farmland.

[0008] S2. Repair the field ridges to make them slopes of 50-60 degrees;

[0009] S3. Excavate terraces downwards to a depth of 50-60cm;

[0010] S4. The terraced fields are filled with an impermeable layer, a clay layer and an organic soil layer distributed from bottom to top, wherein the organic soil layer is formed by backfilling with the cultivated backfill soil.

[0011] S5. Spray slope protection mud mixed with grass seeds onto the field ridges to form a 2-3cm slope protection layer;

[0012] S6. A water storage ditch is built on one side of each terrace. The water storage ditch is distributed in a stepped manner from top to bottom. Each water storage ditch is divided into a water catchment area at the rear and a clear water area at the front by a partition. The height of the partition is not higher than the depth of the water storage ditch. Each water catchment area has an inlet above the organic soil layer on the side closest to the terrace. Each water catchment area is equipped with a filter screen near the corresponding inlet. Each filter screen has an adsorption frame at the lower end. Activated carbon or zeolite is placed inside each adsorption frame. An overflow outlet is opened downward at the upper front of each clear water area.

[0013] S7. Drainage pipes are installed in the clay layer of each terrace. Multiple seepage holes are opened on the outer periphery of the upper part of each drainage pipe. Each drainage pipe is wrapped with geotextile. A water storage tank is built below the sloping farmland. A drainage ditch is set on one side of the terrace along its slope direction and its lower end is connected to the water storage tank. One end of each drainage pipe is connected to the drainage ditch.

[0014] A further feature of the present invention is that the impermeable layer is a mixture of wood fiber and native soil, wherein the content of wood fiber in the impermeable layer is 0.5%-5%.

[0015] A further feature of the present invention is that the thickness of the impermeable layer is 5-8cm, the thickness of the clay layer is 10-15cm, and the thickness of the organic soil layer is 20-30cm.

[0016] A further provision of the present invention is that the components and mass ratio of the slope protection slurry are: 20-25% fine loam, 10-15% dried organic compost, 5-10% clay, 1-1.5% compound fertilizer, 0.1% water-retaining agent, 10-15% grass seeds, and the remainder is water.

[0017] A further feature of the present invention is that a root-preventing membrane is arranged in the soil layers on both the upper and lower sides of each field ridge, with the root-preventing membrane having a depth of 20-30cm.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] Firstly, the present invention backfills the bottom of the terraced fields with an impermeable layer and a clay layer. The impermeable layer formed by mixing wood fiber with red soil has water repellency, giving it good impermeability. Combined with the clay layer, it can effectively prevent water from seeping downwards and prevent the water in the paddy field from flowing out quickly, making the paddy field suitable for rice cultivation.

[0020] Secondly, this invention uses a spraying method to spray slope protection mud mixed with grass seeds onto the field ridges, allowing the grass seeds to take root and germinate on the field ridges. After the grass roots extend into the field ridges, the slope becomes more stable and less prone to soil erosion due to heavy rainfall, effectively preventing the field ridges from being damaged.

[0021] Thirdly, this invention arranges a layer of root-resistant film on both the upper and lower sides of the slope protection layer on the field ridge to prevent the roots of grass from extending into the terraces during the rapid growth of grass, which would cause a large number of weeds to grow in the terraces.

[0022] Fourth, the present invention constructs a water storage ditch on one side of the terraced field, which can be used for both drainage and water storage. Excess water in the terraced field can be directly discharged into the water storage ditch. When the water storage ditch is full, it will automatically flow from the overflow outlet to the next water storage ditch. In the event of a dry period, water can be drawn from the water storage ditch to replenish the terraced field for rice growth.

[0023] Fifth, the water storage ditch is equipped with a filter screen to filter out debris flowing from the terraced fields. Activated carbon or zeolite is also installed in the ditch to adsorb and filter nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the terraced field water, remove chemical fertilizers and pesticides from the water, and reduce the risk of agricultural non-point source pollution of water bodies caused by the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Finally, the water overflows into the clear water area after settling in the catchment area of ​​the water storage ditch, further purifying the remaining water.

[0024] Sixth, during the rainy season, when rainfall is abundant, the water content in the terraced fields is easily too high. The water in the terraced fields can seep into the internal drainage pipes and eventually flow into the reservoir for storage. During the dry season, water can be drawn from the reservoir for irrigation, realizing the recycling of water resources on the slope. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is mainly used to display the seepage prevention layer, clay layer, organic soil layer and root-transfer prevention membrane in the terraced fields;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a soil profile diagram of soil reconstruction.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Terraced fields; 2. Field ridges; 3. Impermeable layer; 4. Clay layer; 5. Organic soil layer; 6. Slope protection layer; 7. Root protection membrane; 8. Water storage ditch; 81. Interlayer; 82. Water catchment area; 83. Clear water area; 84. Filter screen; 85. Adsorption mesh frame; 86. Water inlet; 87. Overflow outlet; 9. Drainage pipe; 91. Seepage hole; 92. Geotextile; 93. Drainage ditch; 10. Water storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Example 1, referring to Figure 1-3 A method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the consolidation of sloping farmland includes the following steps:

[0031] S1. First, peel off 10cm of topsoil and preserve it for use as backfill soil for cultivation. Terraces 1 are distributed in a stepped manner at the excavation site of sloping farmland.

[0032] S2. Repair the field ridge 2 to make its slope 8-10. The actual slope may deviate during construction, but after repair, it will be a slope of 50-60 degrees. The slope here refers to the angle between the slope of the field ridge 2 and the horizontal plane.

[0033] S3. Excavate terrace 1 downwards to a depth of 50cm.

[0034] S4. The terrace 1 is filled with an impermeable layer 3, a clay layer 4 and an organic soil layer 5 distributed from bottom to top. The thickness of the impermeable layer 3 is 5cm, the thickness of the clay layer 4 is 15cm, and the thickness of the organic soil layer 5 is 20cm. The impermeable layer 3 is a mixture of wood fiber and original soil, wherein the wood fiber content in the impermeable layer 3 is 5%.

[0035] S5. Spray slope protection slurry mixed with grass seeds onto the field ridge 2 to form a 2cm slope protection layer 6. The composition and mass ratio of the slope protection slurry are: 20% fine loam, 10% dried organic compost, 10% clay, 1.5% compound fertilizer, 0.1% water-retaining agent, 10% grass seeds, and the remainder is water. A root-proof membrane 7 is arranged in the soil layer on both the upper and lower sides of each field ridge 2, and the depth of the root-proof membrane 7 is 20cm.

[0036] S6. A water storage ditch 8 is constructed at one end of each terrace 1. The water storage ditch 8 is distributed in a stepped manner from top to bottom. Each water storage ditch 8 is divided into a water collection area 82 located at the rear and a clear water area 83 located at the front by a partition layer 81. The height of the partition layer 81 is not higher than the depth of the water storage ditch 8, so that the water in the water collection area 82 can overflow into the clear water area 83 after the water in the water collection area 82 is full to the highest point of the partition layer 81. A filter screen 84 is installed near the corresponding water inlet 86 in each water collection area 82. The filter screen 84 is used to filter large particles of debris flowing in from the terrace 1. An adsorption frame 85 is installed at the lower end of each filter screen 84. Activated carbon or zeolite is installed in each adsorption frame 85 to adsorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water and remove chemical fertilizers and pesticides from the water. Each water collection area 82 has an water inlet 86 that is higher than the organic soil layer 5 on the side near the terrace 1. An overflow outlet 87 is opened downward at the upper front of each clear water area 83.

[0037] S7. A drainage pipe 9 is installed at the clay layer 4 in each terrace 1. Multiple seepage holes 91 are opened on the outer periphery of the upper part of each drainage pipe 9. Each drainage pipe 9 is wrapped with a geotextile 92. When the water content in the terrace 1 is too high due to the rainy season, the water in the clay layer 4 and organic soil layer 5 in the terrace 1 will seep into the drainage pipe 9 through the geotextile 92 and seepage holes 91. A water storage tank 10 is built below the sloping farmland. A drainage ditch 93 is set on one side of the sloping farmland along its slope direction and connected to the water storage tank 10 at its lower end. One end of each drainage pipe 9 is connected to the drainage ditch 93, so that the water seeping into the drainage pipe 9 from the terrace 1 can eventually flow into the water storage tank 10. The drainage ditch 93 extends below the lowest overflow outlet 87, so that the water overflowing from the water storage ditch 8 can also flow into the water storage tank 10 along the drainage ditch 93.

[0038] Example 2, a method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the consolidation of sloping farmland, includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. First, peel off 20cm of topsoil and preserve it for use as backfill soil for cultivation. Terraces 1 are distributed in a stepped manner at the excavation site of sloping farmland.

[0040] S2. Repair the field ridge 2 to make its slope 8-10. The slope may deviate during actual construction, but after repair, it will be a slope of 50-60 degrees.

[0041] S3. Excavate terrace 1 downwards to a depth of 60cm.

[0042] S4. The terrace 1 is filled with an impermeable layer 3, a clay layer 4 and an organic soil layer 5 distributed from bottom to top. The thickness of the impermeable layer 3 is 8cm, the thickness of the clay layer 4 is 15cm, and the thickness of the organic soil layer 5 is 30cm. The impermeable layer 3 is a mixture of wood fiber and original soil, wherein the wood fiber content in the impermeable layer 3 is 0.5%.

[0043] S5. Spray slope protection slurry mixed with grass seeds onto the field ridge 2 to form a 2cm slope protection layer 6. The composition and mass ratio of the slope protection slurry are: 25% fine loam, 15% dried organic compost, 5% clay, 1% compound fertilizer, 0.1% water-retaining agent, 15% grass seeds, and the remainder is water. A root-proof membrane 7 is placed in the soil layer on both the upper and lower sides of each field ridge 2, and the depth of the root-proof membrane 7 is 30cm.

[0044] S6. A water storage ditch 8 is constructed at one end of each terrace 1. The water storage ditch 8 is distributed in a stepped manner from top to bottom. Each water storage ditch 8 is divided into a water collection area 82 located at the rear and a clear water area 83 located at the front by a partition layer 81. The height of the partition layer 81 is not higher than the depth of the water storage ditch 8, so that the water in the water collection area 82 can overflow into the clear water area 83 after the water in the water collection area 82 is full to the highest point of the partition layer 81. A filter screen 84 is installed near the corresponding water inlet 86 in each water collection area 82. The filter screen 84 is used to filter large particles of debris flowing in from the terrace 1. An adsorption frame 85 is installed at the lower end of each filter screen 84. Activated carbon or zeolite is installed in each adsorption frame 85 to adsorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water and remove chemical fertilizers and pesticides from the water. Each water collection area 82 has an water inlet 86 that is higher than the organic soil layer 5 on the side near the terrace 1. An overflow outlet 87 is opened downward at the upper front of each clear water area 83.

[0045] S7. A drainage pipe 9 is installed at the clay layer 4 in each terrace 1. Multiple seepage holes 91 are opened on the outer periphery of the upper part of each drainage pipe 9. Each drainage pipe 9 is wrapped with a geotextile 92. When the water content in the terrace 1 is too high due to the rainy season, the water in the clay layer 4 and organic soil layer 5 in the terrace 1 will seep into the drainage pipe 9 through the geotextile 92 and seepage holes 91. A water storage tank 10 is built below the sloping farmland. A drainage ditch 93 is set on one side of the sloping farmland along its slope direction and connected to the water storage tank 10 at its lower end. One end of each drainage pipe 9 is connected to the drainage ditch 93, so that the water seeping into the drainage pipe 9 from the terrace 1 can eventually flow into the water storage tank 10. The drainage ditch 93 extends below the lowest overflow outlet 87, so that the water overflowing from the water storage ditch 8 can also flow into the water storage tank 10 along the drainage ditch 93.

[0046] Example 3, a method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the consolidation of sloping farmland, includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. First, peel off 15cm of topsoil and preserve it for use as backfill soil for cultivation. Terraces 1 are distributed in a stepped manner at the excavation site of sloping farmland.

[0048] S2. Repair the field ridge 2 to make its slope 8-10. The slope may deviate during actual construction, but after repair, it will be a slope of 50-60 degrees.

[0049] S3. Excavate terrace 1 downwards to a depth of 55cm.

[0050] S4. The terrace 1 is filled with an impermeable layer 3, a clay layer 4 and an organic soil layer 5 distributed from bottom to top. The thickness of the impermeable layer 3 is 6cm, the thickness of the clay layer 4 is 13cm, and the thickness of the organic soil layer 5 is 25cm. The impermeable layer 3 is a mixture of wood fiber and original soil, wherein the wood fiber content in the impermeable layer 3 is 2.5%.

[0051] S5. Spray slope protection slurry mixed with grass seeds onto the field ridge 2 to form a 2.5cm slope protection layer 6. The composition and mass ratio of the slope protection slurry are: 23% fine loam, 13% dried organic compost, 8% clay, 1.3% compound fertilizer, 0.1% water-retaining agent, 13% grass seeds, and the remainder is water. A root-proof membrane 7 is arranged in the soil layer on both the upper and lower sides of each field ridge 2, and the depth of the root-proof membrane 7 is 25cm.

[0052] S6. A water storage ditch 8 is constructed at one end of each terrace 1. The water storage ditch 8 is distributed in a stepped manner from top to bottom. Each water storage ditch 8 is divided into a water collection area 82 located at the rear and a clear water area 83 located at the front by a partition layer 81. The height of the partition layer 81 is not higher than the depth of the water storage ditch 8, so that the water in the water collection area 82 can overflow into the clear water area 83 after the water in the water collection area 82 is full to the highest point of the partition layer 81. A filter screen 84 is installed near the corresponding water inlet 86 in each water collection area 82. The filter screen 84 is used to filter large particles of debris flowing in from the terrace 1. An adsorption frame 85 is installed at the lower end of each filter screen 84. Activated carbon or zeolite is installed in each adsorption frame 85 to adsorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water and remove chemical fertilizers and pesticides from the water. Each water collection area 82 has an water inlet 86 that is higher than the organic soil layer 5 on the side near the terrace 1. An overflow outlet 87 is opened downward at the upper front of each clear water area 83.

[0053] S7. A drainage pipe 9 is installed at the clay layer 4 in each terrace 1. Multiple seepage holes 91 are opened on the outer periphery of the upper part of each drainage pipe 9. Each drainage pipe 9 is wrapped with a geotextile 92. When the water content in the terrace 1 is too high due to the rainy season, the water in the clay layer 4 and organic soil layer 5 in the terrace 1 will seep into the drainage pipe 9 through the geotextile 92 and seepage holes 91. A water storage tank 10 is built below the sloping farmland. A drainage ditch 93 is set on one side of the sloping farmland along its slope direction and connected to the water storage tank 10 at its lower end. One end of each drainage pipe 9 is connected to the drainage ditch 93, so that the water seeping into the drainage pipe 9 from the terrace 1 can eventually flow into the water storage tank 10. The drainage ditch 93 extends below the lowest overflow outlet 87, so that the water overflowing from the water storage ditch 8 can also flow into the water storage tank 10 along the drainage ditch 93.

[0054] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the consolidation of sloping farmland, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. First, remove 10-20cm of topsoil and keep it for use as backfill soil for cultivation. Then, dig out terraced fields in a stepped pattern on the sloping farmland (1). S2, Repair the field ridges (2) to make them slopes of 50-60 degrees; S3. Excavate terraces downwards (1) to a depth of 50-60cm; S4. The terrace (1) is filled with an impermeable layer (3), a clay layer (4) and an organic soil layer (5) distributed from bottom to top, wherein the organic soil layer (5) is formed by backfilling with cultivated backfill soil. S5. Spray the slope protection mud mixed with grass seeds onto the field ridge (2) to form a 2-3cm slope protection layer (6). S6. A water storage ditch (8) is built at one end of each terrace (1). The water storage ditch (8) is distributed in a stepped manner from top to bottom. Each water storage ditch (8) is divided into a water catchment area (82) located at the rear and a clear water area (83) located at the front by a partition (81). The height of the partition (81) is not higher than the depth of the water storage ditch (8). Each water catchment area (82) has an inlet (86) higher than the organic soil layer (5) on the side near the terrace (1). Each water catchment area (82) is equipped with a filter screen (84) near the corresponding inlet (86). Each filter screen (84) is equipped with an adsorption frame (85) at the lower end. Each adsorption frame (85) is equipped with activated carbon or zeolite. Each clear water area (83) has an overflow outlet (87) opened downward at the upper side of the front end. S7. Drainage pipes (9) are installed in the clay layer (4) of each terrace (1). Multiple seepage holes (91) are opened on the outer periphery of the upper part of each drainage pipe (9). Each drainage pipe (9) is wrapped with geotextile (92). A water storage tank (10) is built below the sloping farmland. A drainage ditch (93) is set on one side of the terrace (1) along its slope direction and connected to the water storage tank (10) at its lower end. One end of each drainage pipe (9) is connected to the drainage ditch (93).

2. The method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the improvement of sloping farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impermeable layer (3) is a mixture of wood fiber and soil, wherein the wood fiber content in the impermeable layer (3) is 0.5%-5%.

3. The method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the improvement of sloping farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the impermeable layer (3) is 5-8cm, the thickness of the clay layer (4) is 10-15cm, and the thickness of the organic soil layer (5) is 20-30cm.

4. The method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the improvement of sloping farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition and mass ratio of the slope protection slurry are as follows: 20-25% fine loam, 10-15% dried organic compost, 5-10% clay, 1-1.5% compound fertilizer, 0.1% water-retaining agent, 10-15% grass seeds, and the remainder is water.

5. The method for reconstructing newly created paddy fields in the improvement of sloping farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: A root-prevention membrane (7) is placed in the soil layer on both the upper and lower sides of the slope protection layer (6) of each field ridge (2), with a depth of 20-30cm.

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