A grouper feed containing squid extract and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a grouper feed containing squid extract and a preparation method thereof. The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-150 parts of water, 30-40 parts of fish meal, 20-30 parts of rice protein powder, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 15-25 parts of flour, 5-6 parts of krill powder, 3-6 parts of squid extract, 2-5 parts of yeast powder, 2-3 parts of fish oil, 1-3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of compound amino acids, 1-2 parts of compound mineral salts, and 1-2 parts of compound vitamins. The grouper feed of the present invention can improve the content of nutritional components in fish meat, has the effects of promoting the growth of groupers and reducing water pollution. The raw material components such as protein, amino acids, and vitamins in the grouper feed are scientifically proportioned, with balanced contents and synergistic effects. The raw materials are easily available and low in price, providing good feeding conditions for large-scale grouper farming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of groupers feed, and particularly relates to a grouper feed containing squid extract and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Groupers belong to Perciformes and Serranidae, and are a kind of precious carnivorous fish. They like to live in the middle and lower layers of warm water, and are cultured in regions such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Japan, and China. Groupers are rich in nutrition, with tender and white meat, and have advantages such as a low feed coefficient, fast growth rate, and high economic value. They are considered to be one of the fish with the most promising farming prospects under intensive farming conditions.

[0003] Protein is the most critical nutrient determining the growth of fish, and also the part with the largest proportion in feed cost. The grouper feed contains more protein, mainly derived from fish meal, krill, squid and other substances. However, if the content of these substances is too high, the feed cost increases; if the content is too low, the muscle content of groupers decreases, the nutritional components decrease, and the growth is slow. At the same time, the feed decomposes and dissolves too quickly in the water body, causing eutrophication of the water body, polluting the water body, and easily leading to grouper diseases, affecting the development of the grouper farming industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a grouper feed containing squid extract and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0006] A grouper feed containing squid extract, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 - 150 parts of water, 30 - 40 parts of fish meal, 20 - 30 parts of rice protein powder, 10 - 15 parts of soybean meal, 15 - 25 parts of flour, 5 - 6 parts of krill powder, 3 - 6 parts of squid extract, 2 - 5 parts of yeast powder, 2 - 3 parts of fish oil, 1 - 3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 - 2 parts of compound amino acids, 1 - 2 parts of compound mineral salts, and 1 - 2 parts of compound vitamins.

[0007] Further, it comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of water, 35 parts of fish meal, 26 parts of rice protein powder, 12 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of flour, 6 parts of krill powder, 5 parts of squid extract, 3 parts of yeast powder, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of compound amino acids, 1 part of compound mineral salts, and 1 part of compound vitamins.

[0008] Further, the compound amino acids are composed of leucine, lysine and methionine in a mass ratio of 0.8 - 1:1.2 - 1.5:0.5 - 0.6.

[0009] Further, the preparation method of the squid extract comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) Take cuttlefish, wash it, soak it in a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 - 0.3 mol / L for 16 - 24 h, then take it out, add purified water and mash the cuttlefish to obtain cuttlefish pulp;

[0011] (2) Add an acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.2 - 0.5 mol / L, pepsin, and sodium chloride to the cuttlefish pulp in step (1), adjust the pH, stir, centrifuge, and take the supernatant;

[0012] (3) Add succinic anhydride and tannic acid solution to the supernatant in step (3), heat to obtain a cuttlefish extract.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass fraction of the tannic acid solution is 1% - 5%.

[0014] Furthermore, the ratio of cuttlefish, acetic acid solution, pepsin, sodium chloride, succinic anhydride, and tannic acid is 100 g : 100 - 500 mL : 0.1 - 0.5 g : 50 - 200 g : 5 - 15 g : 1 - 6 g.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (2), the pH is 1.5 - 2, and the stirring time is 10 - 20 h.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (3), the centrifugation speed is 2000 rpm - 3000 rpm, and centrifuge for 20 - 30 min.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (3), the heating temperature is 45 - 55 °C, and heat for 60 - 80 min.

[0018] A preparation method of a grouper feed containing cuttlefish extract, characterized in that fish meal, rice protein powder, soybean meal, flour, krill powder, cuttlefish extract, yeast powder, fish oil, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, compound amino acids, compound mineral salts, compound vitamins, and water are mixed, granulated, and dried to obtain a grouper feed.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) The grouper feed of the present invention has the effect of improving the content of nutritional components in fish meat, has the effects of promoting the growth of grouper and reducing water pollution. The raw material components such as protein, amino acids, and vitamins in the grouper feed are scientifically proportioned, with balanced contents and synergistic effects. The raw materials are easily available and low in price, providing good feeding conditions for large-scale grouper farming.

[0021] (2) In the present invention, the compound amino acids and cuttlefish extract not only increase the content of nutritional components in the feed, but also are inexpensive and have low usage costs. The dosage of the defined components of the compound amino acids meets the nutritional requirements for the growth of groupers, contributing to the growth and development of groupers; the cuttlefish extract can be extracted from waste cuttlefish skins, side fins, and endoskeletons. On the one hand, it reduces resource waste, and on the other hand, it retains more effective nutritional components, and is more easily absorbed by fish after processing, improving the utilization rate of the feed.

[0022] (3) The present invention performs acid treatment on cuttlefish, enabling the cuttlefish extract to be more fully mixed with other raw materials. The colloid substances therein provide adhesion, contributing to the formation and non-dispersion of the feed, controlling the decomposition rate, reducing water pollution, and providing a good growth environment for fish. Specific Embodiments

[0023] To better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention can all be obtained from commercial channels.

[0026] Example 1 - A Grouper Feed Containing Cuttlefish Extract

[0027] (1) Take 500 g of waste cuttlefish, wash it with water, soak it in a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L for 16 h, then take it out, wash it again, and add it to purified water to mash the cuttlefish to obtain cuttlefish pulp.

[0028] (2) Add 1000 mL of acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.2 mol / L, 0.5 g of pepsin, and 300 g of sodium chloride to the cuttlefish pulp in step (1), adjust the pH to 1.5, stir for 12 h, centrifuge at 2000 rpm for 25 min, and take the supernatant.

[0029] (3) Add 25 g of succinic anhydride and 10 g of tannic acid solution with a mass fraction of 2% to the supernatant in step (3), heat at 45 °C for 60 min to obtain the cuttlefish extract.

[0030] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight ratios: 900 g of water, 300 g of fish meal, 200 g of rice protein powder, 100 g of soybean meal, 150 g of flour, 50 g of krill powder, 30 g of squid extract, 20 g of yeast powder, 20 g of fish oil, 10 g of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 g of compound amino acids, 10 g of compound mineral salts, and 10 g of compound vitamins, mix them, granulate, and dry until the moisture content of the feed is 6% to obtain the grouper feed; the compound amino acids are composed of leucine, lysine, and methionine in a mass ratio of 0.8:1.2:0.5.

[0031] Example 2 - A Grouper Feed Containing Squid Extract

[0032] (1) Take 500 g of waste squid, wash it with water, soak it in a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.2 mol / L for 20 h, take it out, wash it again, and then add it to purified water to mash the squid to obtain squid pulp.

[0033] (2) Add 1000 mL of acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.3 mol / L, 1 g of pepsin, and 500 g of sodium chloride to the squid pulp in step (1), adjust the pH to 2, stir for 15 h, centrifuge at 2500 rpm for 30 min, and take the supernatant.

[0034] (3) Add 30 g of succinic anhydride and 10 g of tannic acid solution with a mass fraction of 3% to the supernatant in step (3), heat at 50 °C for 65 min to obtain the squid extract.

[0035] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight ratios: 1000 g of water, 350 g of fish meal, 260 g of rice protein powder, 120 g of soybean meal, 200 g of flour, 60 g of krill powder, 50 g of squid extract, 30 g of yeast powder, 20 g of fish oil, 20 g of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 g of compound amino acids, 10 g of compound mineral salts, and 10 g of compound vitamins, mix them, granulate, and dry until the moisture content of the feed is 6% to obtain the grouper feed; the compound amino acids are composed of leucine, lysine, and methionine in a mass ratio of 0.9:1.3:0.6.

[0036] Example 3 - A Grouper Feed Containing Squid Extract

[0037] (1) Take 500 g of waste squid, wash it with water, soak it in a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.2 mol / L for 20 h, take it out, wash it again, and then add it to purified water to mash the squid to obtain squid pulp.

[0038] (2) Add 1000 mL of acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.4 mol / L, 1.2 g of pepsin, and 500 g of sodium chloride to the squid pulp in step (1), adjust the pH to 2, stir for 18 h, centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 30 min, and take the supernatant.

[0039] (3) Add 35 g of succinic anhydride and 12 g of a 3% tannic acid solution to the supernatant of step (3), and heat at 52 °C for 70 min to obtain the cuttlefish extract.

[0040] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight ratio: 1500 g of water, 400 g of fish meal, 300 g of rice protein powder, 150 g of soybean meal, 250 g of flour, 60 g of krill powder, 60 g of cuttlefish extract, 40 g of yeast powder, 30 g of fish oil, 20 g of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 g of compound amino acids, 10 g of compound mineral salts, and 10 g of compound vitamins, mix them, granulate, and dry until the water content of the feed is 6% to obtain the grouper feed; the compound amino acids are composed of leucine, lysine, and methionine in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:0.6.

[0041] Comparative Example 1

[0042] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 is that the mass ratio of leucine, lysine, and methionine in the compound amino acids is adjusted to 1:1:1.

[0043] (1) Take 500 g of waste cuttlefish, wash it with water, soak it in a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 20 h, take it out, wash it again, and then add it to purified water to mash the cuttlefish to obtain cuttlefish pulp.

[0044] (2) Add 1000 mL of a 0.3 mol / L acetic acid solution, 1 g of pepsin, and 500 g of sodium chloride to the cuttlefish pulp in step (1), adjust the pH to 2, stir for 15 h, centrifuge at 2500 rpm for 30 min, and take the supernatant.

[0045] (3) Add 30 g of succinic anhydride and 10 g of a 3% tannic acid solution to the supernatant of step (3), and heat at 50 °C for 65 min to obtain the cuttlefish extract.

[0046] (4) Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight ratio: 1000 g of water, 350 g of fish meal, 260 g of rice protein powder, 120 g of soybean meal, 200 g of flour, 60 g of krill powder, 50 g of cuttlefish extract, 30 g of yeast powder, 20 g of fish oil, 20 g of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 g of compound amino acids, 10 g of compound mineral salts, and 10 g of compound vitamins, mix them, granulate, and dry until the water content of the feed is 6% to obtain the grouper feed; the compound amino acids are composed of leucine, lysine, and methionine in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 is that the cuttlefish extract is replaced with fresh cuttlefish.

[0049] Weigh the raw materials according to the following weight ratios: 1000 g of water, 350 g of fish meal, 260 g of rice protein powder, 120 g of soybean meal, 200 g of flour, 60 g of krill powder, 50 g of fresh cuttlefish, 30 g of yeast powder, 20 g of fish oil, 20 g of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 g of compound amino acids, 10 g of compound mineral salts, and 10 g of compound vitamins, mix them, granulate, and dry until the moisture content of the feed is 6% to obtain the grouper feed; the compound amino acids are composed of leucine, lysine, and methionine in a mass ratio of 0.9:1.3:0.6.

[0050] Test Example

[0051] Select 100 grouper fry, randomly and evenly divide them into 5 groups (Test Groups 1-5), with 20 in each group, and raise them in a water body of 0.5 m 3 The water body has a pH value of 7-9, a salinity of 25-30, and an oxygen content in the water of 5 mg / L. Change the water every 5 days, and each time change 1 / 4 of the water. Test Groups 1-5 were fed with the feeds of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 respectively. The feeding amount was 3% of the grouper body weight, and it was fed 2 times a day. After 60 days of feeding, calculate the weight gain rate of the grouper and the muscle nutrient components of the grouper. The experimental results are shown in Tables 1 and 2; on the 0th day, 30th day, and 60th day of feeding, measure the ammonia nitrogen content in the water body, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0052] Table 1. Grouper weight gain rate / %

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] Table 2. Muscle nutrient components of groupers in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2

[0056] Project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Moisture / % 65.21 65.65 65.42 64.93 64.96 Crude Protein / % 93.05 93.24 92.96 90.32 90.67 Fat / % 4.59 4.52 4.53 6.68 6.91 Ash / % 4.16 4.19 4.11 3.86 3.97

[0057] As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, when feeding groupers with the feed of the present invention, the weight gain rate of the groupers is higher, the proportion of crude protein in the muscle nutrient components is higher, and the fat content is lower. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-2, when feeding groupers with the feeds of Examples 1-3, the weight gain rate of the groupers increased by 30-50 percentage points, the crude protein content in the grouper muscle increased by about 3 percentage points, and the fat content decreased by about 2 percentage points. This shows that using the feed containing compound amino acids and cuttlefish extract with specific ratios of the present invention can promote the growth of groupers, increase the nutrient content in grouper meat, help improve the absorption of feed by groupers, and have higher breeding benefits.

[0058] Table 3. Ammonia nitrogen content in the water body (mg / L)

[0059]

[0060] As can be seen from Table 3, the ammonia nitrogen content in the water body using the grouper feed of the present invention is lower. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-2, the ammonia nitrogen content in the water body of the water area using the grouper feed of the present invention did not exceed 0.4 mg / L on the 30th day, and the ammonia nitrogen content in the water body decreased by 30% - 40% on the 60th day, indicating that the grouper feed of the present invention helps to reduce water pollution and the feed is more green and environmentally friendly.

[0061] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grouper feed containing squid extract, characterized in that, It comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 - 150 parts of water, 30 - 40 parts of fish meal, 20 - 30 parts of rice protein powder, 10 - 15 parts of soybean meal, 15 - 25 parts of flour, 5 - 6 parts of krill powder, 3 - 6 parts of squid extract, 2 - 5 parts of yeast powder, 2 - 3 parts of fish oil, 1 - 3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 - 2 parts of compound amino acids, 1 - 2 parts of compound mineral salts, 1 - 2 parts of compound vitamins; the compound amino acids are composed of leucine, lysine and methionine in a mass ratio of 0.8 - 1:1.2 - 1.5:0.5 - 0.6; The preparation method of the squid extract comprises the following steps: (1) Take squid, wash it, soak it in a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 - 0.3 mol / L for 16 - 24 h, then take it out, add purified water and mash the squid to obtain squid pulp; (2) Add an acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.2 - 0.5 mol / L, pepsin and sodium chloride to the squid pulp in step (1), adjust the pH to 1.5 - 2, stir for 10 - 20 h, centrifuge at a speed of 2000 rpm - 3000 rpm for 20 - 30 min, and take the supernatant; (3) Add succinic anhydride and tannic acid solution to the supernatant in step (3), the mass fraction of the tannic acid solution is 1% - 5%, heat at a temperature of 45 - 55 °C for 60 - 80 min to obtain the squid extract; The ratio of the squid, acetic acid solution, pepsin, sodium chloride, succinic anhydride and tannic acid is 100 g:100 - 500 mL:0.1 - 0.5 g:50 - 200 g:5 - 15 g:1 - 6 g.

2. The grouper feed containing cuttlefish extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, It comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of water, 35 parts of fish meal, 26 parts of rice protein powder, 12 parts of soybean meal, 20 parts of flour, 6 parts of krill powder, 5 parts of squid extract, 3 parts of yeast powder, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of compound amino acids, 1 part of compound mineral salts, 1 part of compound vitamins.

3. The preparation method of a grouper feed containing squid extract as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Mix fish meal, rice protein powder, soybean meal, flour, krill powder, squid extract, yeast powder, fish oil, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, compound amino acids, compound mineral salts, compound vitamins and water, granulate and dry to obtain grouper feed.

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