Retaining wall for high slope in fractured zone and its construction technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a retaining wall for a high slope in a fractured zone and its construction process. The retaining wall comprises a retaining wall disposed on one side of the slope, a concrete foundation disposed below the retaining wall, and a support and adjustment device disposed between the retaining wall and the concrete foundation. The retaining wall is constructed by splicing together a plurality of prefabricated components. The prefabricated components are cylindrical structures with an internal accommodating cavity and an open upper end. The accommodating cavity is filled with water. The sides of the prefabricated components that contact the slope are arc-shaped, while the remaining surfaces are flat. At least two grouting sleeves are circumferentially disposed on the bottom surface of each prefabricated component, connecting the prefabricated component to the support and adjustment device. A reverse osmosis layer is disposed between the arc-shaped surface and the slope. A drainage pipe is sandwiched within the reverse osmosis layer, and a filter is disposed within the drainage pipe. The drainage pipe extends downwardly into a water collection trough, which is provided with a pump that transports water that permeates the slope into the accommodating cavity. An overflow hole connected to the water collection trough is disposed on the sidewall of the top of the prefabricated component. The present invention aims to address the current problems of long construction periods and high costs associated with retaining wall construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular to a retaining wall for a high slope in a fractured and broken zone and a construction process thereof. Background Art

[0002] A retaining wall or water retaining wall is a structure that supports roadbed fill or hillside soil, canals, and prevents fill or soil from deforming and becoming unstable. In the cross section of the retaining wall, the part that is in direct contact with the supported soil is called the wall back; the part facing the air opposite to the wall back is called the wall face; the part in direct contact with the foundation is called the base; the top surface of the wall opposite to the base is called the wall top; the front end of the base is called the wall toe; and the rear end of the base is called the wall heel.

[0003] A gravity retaining wall is a retaining wall that relies on its own weight to resist lateral pressure from soil or water. Gravity retaining walls can be constructed using masonry materials such as blocks, rubble, or precast concrete blocks, or they can be cast monolithically using rubble concrete or concrete. Semi-gravity retaining walls can be cast using concrete or minimally reinforced concrete. Because gravity retaining walls rely on their own weight for balance and stability, they are bulky and heavy, often constrained by their bearing capacity when constructed on weak foundations. Gravity retaining walls should be the preferred choice when the foundation is good, the retaining wall height is not high, and local stone is readily available. Gravity retaining walls are generally unreinforced or only partially reinforced. They are designed for heights under 6 meters, in areas with stable ground, and where excavation will not endanger adjacent buildings. Because they can utilize locally available materials and are easy to construct, gravity retaining walls are widely used in my country's railway, highway, water conservancy, port, and mining projects.

[0004] Traditional gravity retaining walls are built using stone masonry or solid concrete pouring, and are generally made of mortared stone materials with a trapezoidal cross-section. If the wall is too high or too long, it consumes a lot of precious materials such as steel bars and cement, and the construction period is long and the construction cost will be very high. At the same time, after the traditional gravity retaining wall is built, the angle cannot be adjusted, and the center of gravity cannot be changed according to the actual situation of the slope at a later stage, and the protection capacity is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a retaining wall for high slopes in fractured and broken zones and its construction process, so as to solve the current problems of long construction period and high cost of retaining walls, and at the same time solve the problem of retaining wall protection capacity.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

[0007] A retaining wall for a high slope in a fractured zone comprises a retaining wall arranged on one side of a slope, a concrete foundation being provided below the retaining wall, a support and adjustment device being provided between the retaining wall and the concrete foundation for adjusting the inclination angle of the retaining wall and changing the center of gravity of the retaining wall, the retaining wall being formed by splicing together a plurality of prefabricated reinforced concrete structures, an inclined anchor rod being provided between the prefabricated members and the slope, the prefabricated members being cylindrical structures with an internal accommodating cavity and an open upper end, the accommodating cavity being filled with water, the side surface of the prefabricated member contacting the slope being an arc surface, and the remaining surfaces being flat surfaces, at least two grouting sleeves being provided circumferentially on the bottom surface of each prefabricated member, the grouting sleeves being used to connect the prefabricated member to the support and adjustment device, a reverse osmosis layer being provided between the arc surface and the slope, a drainage pipe being sandwiched in the reverse osmosis layer, a filter being provided in the drainage pipe, the drainage pipe extending downwardly into a sump, a water pump being provided in the sump for conveying water infiltrated from the slope into the accommodating cavity, and an overflow hole communicating with the sump being provided on the side wall at the top of the prefabricated member.

[0008] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the retaining wall is made of multiple cylindrical prefabricated parts spliced ​​together, and the retaining wall is connected to the slope through anchor rods, which increases the stability of the retaining wall, can withstand greater lateral forces from the slope, and has higher protective performance; the prefabricated parts are manufactured in a modular manner in the factory and can be installed on site, without the need to cultivate a large area of ​​material yard, reducing damage to vegetation around the slope, and modular installation greatly improves the construction efficiency of the retaining wall and shortens the construction period; the surface of the prefabricated part in contact with the slope is an arc surface, which can be used to disperse the lateral pressure from the slope. The arc surface forms an arched structure with better load-bearing capacity than a flat surface, and the remaining surfaces are flat surfaces, which makes the manufacturing process of the prefabricated parts simpler. The reverse osmosis layer can prevent debris, mud and sand from entering the drainage pipe, and the filter can further filter out debris and mud and sand to avoid clogging of the drainage pipe; the water in the slope is introduced into the sump through the drainage pipe, which reduces the erosion of the slope by the water flow and effectively maintains the slope Overall stability is improved, reducing the risk of landslides. By injecting a certain amount of water into the accommodating cavity, the prefabricated components form a joint retaining wall with the water and the prefabricated component body. Compared with traditional concrete solid retaining walls, this saves construction time, reduces earth excavation, and reduces the use of cement and steel by at least 70%, greatly reducing construction costs. Especially in the rainy season, a large amount of rainwater in the slope can enter the sump and then be transported to the accommodating cavity of the prefabricated component by a water pump, increasing the overall weight of the prefabricated component, further improving the bearing capacity of the prefabricated component during the rainy season, and enhancing the protective ability of the retaining wall during the rainy season. The seepage water in the retaining wall is rationally utilized and recycled, and the protective ability of the retaining wall can be changed according to seasonal changes. At the same time, this solution also has a support adjustment device, which can change the inclination angle of the retaining wall according to the actual situation of the slope, such as when there is a landslide, so that its center of gravity is offset a certain distance to one side of the slope, thereby further improving its retaining capacity, enhancing its protective ability, and improving its applicability.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the prefabricated parts is provided with a plurality of dovetail grooves and dovetail blocks on the two sides perpendicular to the slope. The dovetail blocks and dovetail grooves are arranged along the length of the side of the prefabricated part. The dovetail grooves and dovetail blocks cooperate to connect two adjacent prefabricated parts.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of mounting through holes are distributed on the arc surface, and elastic plates made of polyurethane are provided in the mounting through holes. The elastic plates are vulcanized with the steel bars inside the prefabricated component.

[0011] Furthermore, a safety net is provided on the top of the prefabricated component. The safety net is made of stainless steel and completely covers the top of the accommodating cavity. The safety net is welded to the steel bars inside the prefabricated component.

[0012] Furthermore, the support adjustment device includes an upper support plate and a lower support plate, and the upper support plate and the lower support plate are in oblique vertical contact with each other. The top surface of the upper support plate is provided with embedded steel bars corresponding to and matching the grouting sleeve. The lower support plate is slidably connected to the concrete foundation, and the end of the upper support plate close to the slope is rotatably connected to the concrete foundation. The top surface of the concrete foundation is provided with a power component for driving the lower support plate to move toward the slope. The movement of the lower support plate toward the slope causes the upper support plate to rotate toward the slope.

[0013] Furthermore, the power assembly includes two sliding blocks, a fixed plate and a power source. Baffles are provided at both ends of the fixed plate. A U-shaped structure with an opening facing the slope is formed between the fixed plate and the baffle. A sealing plate is provided on the U-shaped structure. An installation cavity for installing the two sliding blocks is formed between the baffle, the fixed plate and the concrete foundation. The two sliding blocks are in oblique contact with the end face of the lower support plate and in direct contact with the side wall of the fixed plate. The power source is installed on the baffle. The power source drives the two sliding blocks to approach each other and provides driving force for the lower support plate to move toward the slope.

[0014] Furthermore, stainless steel slides are embedded on the contact surfaces between the lower support plate and the sliding block, the contact surfaces between the concrete foundation and the sliding block, and the contact surfaces between the fixed plate and the sliding block, and wear-resistant plates made of polytetrafluoroethylene are embedded on the contact surfaces between the sliding block and the lower support plate, the fixed plate and the concrete foundation.

[0015] Furthermore, a rotating shaft is provided at the bottom corner of the upper support plate, and a rotating groove adapted to the rotating shaft is provided on the concrete foundation. The rotating shaft is located in the rotating groove, and both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the concrete foundation at both ends of the rotating groove.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of partition plates are distributed on the arc surface from top to bottom at intervals, and reinforcement plates connected to the prefabricated parts are provided at both ends of the partition plates.

[0017] A construction process for a retaining wall for a high slope in a fractured zone, comprising the retaining wall, comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1: Excavate the slope, remove excess earth, and form a slope that is suitable for the retaining wall;

[0019] S2: Tamp and level the ground in front of the slope, tie steel bars, and pour concrete to form a concrete foundation. Reserve a rotation groove in the concrete foundation and pour it together with the fixed plate and baffle.

[0020] S3: Dig a foundation pit in front of the concrete foundation to form a water collection tank and install a water pump;

[0021] S4: The factory manufactures prefabricated parts, upper support plates, and lower support plates of corresponding sizes and shapes;

[0022] S5: transport the prefabricated parts, upper support plate and lower support plate to the site for installation;

[0023] S6: First, install the lower support plate on the concrete foundation together with the sliding block. Then, install the upper support plate on top of the lower support plate. Install the rotating shaft at the bottom corner of the upper support plate into the rotating groove. Then, install the prefabricated parts on the upper support plate. Use the dovetail groove and dovetail block to assemble all the prefabricated parts into a retaining wall.

[0024] S7: Installing a reverse osmosis layer and a drainage pipe on the arc surface of the prefabricated component. The drainage pipe extends into the water collection tank, and the water channel between the water collection tank and the receiving cavity and the overflow hole is connected through the pipe;

[0025] S8: injecting a designed amount of water into the containing cavity of the prefabricated component and installing a safety net on the top of the containing cavity;

[0026] S9: Fill the gap between the reverse osmosis layer and the slope with soil or gravel.

[0027] The present invention has the beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The retaining wall is made of multiple cylindrical prefabricated parts that are spliced ​​together. The retaining wall is connected to the slope through anchor rods, which increases the stability of the retaining wall, can withstand greater lateral forces from the slope, and has higher protective performance. The prefabricated parts are modularly manufactured in the factory and can be installed on site. There is no need to cultivate a large area of ​​material yard, which reduces damage to vegetation around the slope. The modular installation greatly improves the construction efficiency of the retaining wall and shortens the construction period. The surface where the prefabricated part contacts the slope is an arc surface, which can be used to disperse the lateral pressure from the slope. The arc surface forms an arched structure with better load-bearing capacity than a flat surface. The remaining surfaces are flat, which makes the manufacturing process of the prefabricated parts simpler. The reverse osmosis layer can prevent debris, sediment, etc. from entering the drainage pipe. At the same time, the filter can further filter debris and sediment to prevent clogging of the drainage pipe. The water in the slope is introduced into the sump through the drainage pipe, which reduces the erosion of the slope by the water flow and effectively maintains the overall stability of the slope. By injecting a certain amount of water into the accommodating cavity, the prefabricated components form a combined retaining wall with the water itself. Compared with traditional concrete solid retaining walls, this system saves construction time, reduces earth excavation, and reduces cement and steel usage by at least 70%, significantly reducing construction costs. Especially during the rainy season, a large amount of rainwater from the slope can enter the sump and then be pumped into the accommodating cavity of the prefabricated components by a water pump, increasing the overall weight of the prefabricated components, further improving their bearing capacity during the rainy season and enhancing the protective capability of the retaining wall during the rainy season. The water seepage in the retaining wall is rationally utilized and recycled, and the protective capability of the retaining wall can be adjusted according to seasonal changes. At the same time, this solution also has a support adjustment device that can change the inclination angle of the retaining wall according to the actual situation of the slope, such as when there is a landslide, so that its center of gravity is shifted a certain distance to one side of the slope, thereby further improving its retaining capacity, enhancing its protective capability, and improving its applicability.

[0029] 2. Generally, the earth pressure on a retaining wall increases vertically from top to bottom. The position closer to the bottom is under greater pressure, which poses a safety hazard to the stability of the retaining wall. Therefore, multiple partitions are provided on the arc surface from top to bottom. The partitions divide the sliding soil behind the wall into multiple independent sections. Each section of sliding soil only produces pressure on the retaining structure of this layer. Compared with retaining walls without partitions, the earth pressure is greatly reduced. At the same time, under the action of the deadweight of the partition, the overturning stability of the retaining wall is provided with an anti-overturning moment and a vertical force for sliding stability. The partitions improve the size and distribution of the earth pressure on the retaining wall as a whole, reduce the earth pressure load on the retaining wall, and enhance the protection capability.

[0030] 3. The overflow hole on the top of the prefabricated component can transport excess water back to the water collection tank, preventing water from flowing into the soil on the side of the concrete foundation along the side of the prefabricated component and eroding the soil, causing the risk of sinking of the concrete base, effectively improving the stability of the soil around the concrete foundation, and in turn ensuring the support stability of the concrete foundation. The excess water in the water collection tank can also be used for irrigation of nearby farmland and forests, or for flushing nearby roads, realizing the rational use of water resources.

[0031] 4. The rotating shaft of the upper support plate is in the rotating groove of the concrete foundation. Firstly, it is convenient for adjusting the angle of the retaining wall and changing its center of gravity. Secondly, it also has the function of lateral limitation, which enhances the ability of the bottom of the retaining wall to resist lateral force and makes the protection of the slope safer and more reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is a side view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the prefabricated component;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the prefabricated component;

[0037] Figure 6 This is the assembly drawing of the anchor rod and the slope;

[0038] Figure 7 This is the assembly diagram of the outer tube and the air bag;

[0039] Figure 8 is a distribution diagram of the through holes on the outer sleeve;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the side pipe.

[0041] Figure markings: 1-slope, 2-anchor rod, 201-outer sleeve, 202-air bag, 203-side pipe, 2031-discharge hole, 204-through hole, 3-reinforcement plate, 4-drainage pipe, 5-rotation groove, 6-rotating shaft, 7-lower support plate, 8-power source, 9-concrete foundation, 10-water collecting trough, 11-water hole, 12-sealing plate, 13-upper support plate, 14-prefabricated part, 15-overflow hole, 16-safety net, 17-sliding block, 18-fixed plate, 19-baffle, 20-accommodating chamber, 21-elastic plate, 22-arc surface, 23-dovetail groove, 24-dovetail block, 25-grouting sleeve, 26-grouting pipe, 27-card plate, 28-adhesive, 29-rubber sleeve, 30-mounting hole, 31-reverse osmosis layer, 32-filter screen, 33-partition plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or position relationship in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "having," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific contexts.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A retaining wall for a high slope in a fractured zone, comprising a retaining wall arranged on one side of a slope 1, a concrete foundation 9 being provided below the retaining wall, a support and adjustment device for adjusting the inclination angle of the retaining wall and changing the center of gravity of the retaining wall being provided between the retaining wall and the concrete foundation 9, the retaining wall being formed by splicing together a plurality of prefabricated parts 14 of reinforced concrete structure, an inclined anchor rod 2 being provided between the prefabricated part 14 and the slope 1, the prefabricated part 14 being a cylindrical structure having an accommodating cavity 20 inside and an open upper end, the accommodating cavity 20 being filled with water, and the side of the prefabricated part 14 in contact with the slope 1 The surface is an arc surface 22, and the other surfaces are flat surfaces. At least two grouting sleeves 25 are provided circumferentially on the bottom surface of each prefabricated part 14. The grouting sleeves 25 are used to connect the prefabricated part 14 with the support and adjustment device. A reverse osmosis layer 31 is provided between the arc surface 22 and the slope 1. A drainage pipe 4 is sandwiched in the reverse osmosis layer 31. A filter is provided in the drainage pipe 4. The drainage pipe 4 extends downward into the water collection tank 10. The water collection tank 10 is provided with a water pump that transports the water infiltrated by the slope 1 to the accommodating cavity 20. An overflow hole 15 connected to the water collection tank 10 is provided on the side wall at the top of the prefabricated part 14.

[0047] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, according to the design requirements, prefabricated parts 14 of the required size, shape and weight are prefabricated in the factory. The earthwork of the area where the retaining wall is installed in front of the slope 1 is completed on site, and concrete is poured on the tied steel structure to form a qualified concrete foundation 9. This is also the key to whether the retaining wall is stable. The prefabricated parts 14 and related components are transported to the site for installation. Figure 5 As shown, the overlapping of the prefabricated parts 14 and the connection with the support and adjustment device all adopt the installation process of grouting sleeves 25, which can improve the connection strength of the retaining side and improve the ability of the prefabricated parts 14 to resist lateral loads. The use of grouting sleeves 25 for wet joint connection and the ductility of the steel bars and grouting materials can effectively solve the problem of stress concentration, reduce brittle failure, and improve the seismic performance of the structure. After the splicing of the prefabricated parts 14 and the installation of related components are completed, the designed amount of water can be injected into the accommodating cavity 20 of each prefabricated part 14. At this point, the retaining wall is ready for service. Figure 1-3As shown, the retaining wall in this embodiment is made of a plurality of cylindrical prefabricated parts 14 spliced ​​together, and the retaining wall is connected to the slope 1 by anchor rods 2, which increases the stability of the retaining wall, can withstand greater lateral forces from the slope 1, and has higher protection performance; the prefabricated parts 14 are manufactured in a factory modular manner and can be installed on site, without the need to cultivate a large area of ​​material yard, reducing damage to vegetation around the slope 1, and modular installation greatly improves the construction efficiency of the retaining wall and shortens the construction period; the surface of the prefabricated part 14 in contact with the slope 1 is a circular arc surface 22, which can be used to disperse the lateral pressure from the slope 1, and the circular arc surface 22 is shaped The arched structure has a better load-bearing capacity than a flat surface, and the remaining surfaces are flat surfaces, which makes the manufacturing process of the prefabricated part 14 simpler. The reverse osmosis layer 31 can prevent debris, sediment, etc. from entering the drain pipe 4. At the same time, the filter can further filter out debris and sediment to avoid clogging of the drain pipe 4. The drain pipe 4 has a main pipe extending downward, and a plurality of branch pipes are arranged horizontally on the main pipe. The branch pipe is used to guide the water in the slope 1 into the main pipe, and the main pipe enters the water collection tank 10 along the edge of the concrete foundation 9. A cover is provided on the upper part of the water collection tank 10, and a reminder sign is set. In order to avoid the influence of the drain pipe 4 when the retaining wall rotates, the main pipe is provided. A hose can be used to connect the corner of the lower end of the pipe; the water in the slope 1 is introduced into the sump 10 through the drainage pipe 4, which reduces the erosion of the slope 1 by the water flow, effectively maintains the overall stability of the slope 1, and reduces the risk of landslides; the prefabricated part 14 injects a certain amount of water into the accommodating cavity 20, so that the water and the prefabricated part 14 form a joint retaining wall. Compared with the traditional concrete solid retaining wall, it saves construction time, reduces the amount of earth excavation, and reduces the amount of cement and steel by at least 70%, which greatly reduces the construction cost. The water in the accommodating cavity 20 is affected by evaporation factors, especially in summer, where evaporation is more serious. Therefore, a liquid level sensor can be set on the side wall of the accommodating chamber 20, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the controller. When the water level is low, the liquid level sensor transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the water pump to start and inject water into the accommodating chamber 20, so as to ensure that each prefabricated part 14 has sufficient weight to achieve protection capabilities. The water collection tank 10 can also be provided with a delivery pipe for other water sources (such as tap water, groundwater, lake water, etc.) to ensure that there is enough water in the water collection tank 10 to supply the accommodating chamber 20 during the dry season. In summer, staff are also required to carry out relevant inspections to avoid insufficient water in the prefabricated parts 14.Especially in the rainy season, a large amount of rainwater in the slope 1 can enter the sump 10 through the drainage pipe 4, and then be transported to the accommodating cavity 20 of the prefabricated component 14 through the water pump, thereby increasing the overall weight of the prefabricated component 14. The bearing capacity of the prefabricated component 14 can be further improved in the rainy season, thereby enhancing the protective ability of the retaining wall in the rainy season. The seepage water in the retaining wall can be rationally utilized and recycled, and the protective ability of the retaining wall can be changed according to seasonal changes. At the same time, the present solution also has a support adjustment device, which can change the inclination angle of the retaining wall according to the actual situation of the slope 1, such as when there is a landslide, so that its center of gravity is offset to one side of the slope 1 by a certain distance, thereby further improving its retaining capacity, enhancing its protective ability, and having better applicability.

[0048] The anchor rod 2 in this embodiment can adopt a new structure, such as Figure 6-9As shown, the anchor rod 2 is anchored in the slope 1 in an inclined shape, one end of the anchor rod 2 is fixed on the prefabricated part 14, and the other end is anchored in the slope 1. In this solution, one end of the anchor rod 2 is fixed on the side wall where the arc surface 22 of the prefabricated part 14 is located. The anchor rod 2 mainly includes an outer sleeve 201 and a grouting pipe 26. A tensile plate can be set at the front end of the outer sleeve 201. An air bag 202 is provided inside the outer sleeve 201. A plurality of side tubes 203 are distributed on the air bag 202. At the same time, a through hole 204 corresponding to the side tube 203 is opened on the side wall of the outer sleeve 201. The diameter of the through hole 204 is larger than the diameter of the side tube 203. The front end of the side tube 203 is pointed. The sharp closed end, the side wall of the side tube 203 is provided with a discharge hole 2031 in the circumference, and the discharge hole 2031 is wrapped with a rubber sleeve 29. The inside of the side tube 203 is connected to the airbag 202. Before grouting, the slope body 1 is now provided with a downwardly inclined mounting hole 30. The adhesive 28 is injected into the bottom end of the mounting hole 30, and the outer sleeve 201 is extended into the mounting hole 30. The rear end of the outer sleeve 201 is bonded and fixed with the adhesive 28. Then, the airbag 202 is expanded by pumping air, and the side tube 203 is squeezed and pierced into the soil of the slope body 1. Then, the outer sleeve 201 is threaded on the outer part of the slope body 1. The clamping plate 27 is pressed tightly against the side wall of the slope body 1, and then the grouting pipe 26 is inserted into the airbag 202. The gas inside the airbag 202 overflows, and the side pipe 203 does not return to the outer sleeve 201 again due to the friction between the side pipe 203 and the slope body 1. A grouting hole is opened at the front end of the grouting pipe 26, and then grouting begins. The cement slurry enters the airbag 202, and then the cement slurry enters the side pipe 203 and pushes the rubber sleeve 29 open. The slurry enters the slope body 1 and the outer wall of the outer sleeve 201 from the discharge hole 2031. At the same time, part of the slurry will enter the outer circumference of the outer sleeve 201 from the gap around the through hole 204. The slurry in the airbag 202 will also squeeze the side tube 203, causing the side tube 203 to penetrate deeper into the slope 1. The rubber sleeve 29 can prevent the slurry from flowing back into the side tube 203. When the slurry completely fills the installation hole 30 and the inside and outside of the outer sleeve 201, the grouting is completed and the grouting tube 26 is removed. Alternatively, the grouting tube 26 can be left inside the outer sleeve 201 and the front end of the outer sleeve 201 is sealed. After the slurry solidifies, the outer sleeve 201 and the side tube 203 are integrated. At the same time, part of the side tube 203 is located in the slope 1, which can greatly improve the anchoring ability of the anchor rod 2, thereby improving the stability of the retaining wall.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Preferably, each of the prefabricated parts 14 is provided with a plurality of dovetail grooves 23 and dovetail blocks 24 on the two sides perpendicular to the slope 1. The dovetail blocks 24 and dovetail grooves 23 are arranged along the length of the side of the prefabricated part 14. The dovetail grooves 23 and dovetail blocks 24 cooperate to connect two adjacent prefabricated parts 14.

[0051] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, dovetail blocks 24 and dovetail grooves 23 are used to connect the two prefabricated parts 14. Specifically, the dovetail block 24 of one prefabricated part 14 is inserted from top to bottom into the dovetail groove 23 of the other prefabricated part 14. In this way, the tail connection splices multiple prefabricated parts 14 into a retaining wall. The joints of the prefabricated parts 14 and the joints of the dovetail blocks 24 are staggered, which improves the shear resistance of the structure. The dovetail grooves 23 and dovetail blocks 24 are used to connect the retaining wall. The retaining wall has a self-locking effect, a simple structure, and good applicability. It can meet the force requirements of the horizontal connection of the retaining wall. The installation efficiency of the retaining wall is high. Each prefabricated part 14 in the spliced ​​retaining wall is an independent structure. The two adjacent prefabricated parts 14 are connected by independent connecting parts. In the entire retaining wall structure, if the connection of one of the prefabricated parts 14 is damaged, it will only affect the two adjacent prefabricated parts 14, and will not affect the connection performance of other prefabricated parts 14, thereby avoiding the occurrence of a chain effect.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Preferably, a plurality of mounting through holes 204 are distributed on the arc surface 22 , and elastic plates 21 made of polyurethane are provided in the mounting through holes 204 . The elastic plates 21 are vulcanized with the steel bars inside the prefabricated component 14 .

[0054] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of mounting holes 204 are distributed on the curved surface of the prefabricated part 14, and an elastic plate 21 is provided in the mounting hole 204. The connection between the elastic plate 21 and the prefabricated part 14 is waterproofed to prevent water leakage. The elastic plate 21 has a certain elasticity and can cooperate with the water in the accommodating chamber 20, or it can be used independently. When the sliding soil laterally squeezes the elastic plate 21, the elastic plate 21 moves toward the side of the water body. When the squeezing force becomes smaller, the water pressure squeezes the elastic plate 21 toward the side of the slope 1. In this way, the lateral pressure of the sliding soil in the slope 1 can be effectively buffered by the lateral reciprocating small displacement of the elastic plate 21. The squeezing of the elastic plate 21 ensures the stability of the sliding soil, reduces the risk of its continued sliding, reduces the impact on the remaining concrete surfaces of the retaining wall, and improves the stability of the retaining wall.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] Preferably, a safety net 16 is provided on the top of the prefabricated component 14 . The safety net 16 is made of stainless steel. The safety net 16 completely covers the top of the accommodating cavity 20 . The safety net 16 is welded to the steel bars inside the prefabricated component 14 .

[0057] In this embodiment, since the upper end of the accommodating cavity 20 is open, in order to avoid the risk of falling into water, a safety net 16 is fixed on the top of the prefabricated part 14. The safety net 16 completely covers the top of the accommodating cavity 20. During installation, the safety net 16 is welded to the steel bars reserved at the top of the prefabricated part 14, which can effectively prevent the safety net 16 from being opened manually.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] Preferably, the support adjustment device includes an upper support plate 13 and a lower support plate 7. The upper support plate 13 and the lower support plate 7 are in oblique vertical contact with each other. The top surface of the upper support plate 13 is provided with embedded steel bars corresponding to and matching the grouting sleeve 25. The lower support plate 7 is slidingly connected to the concrete foundation 9. The end of the upper support plate 13 close to the slope 1 is rotatably connected to the concrete foundation 9. The top surface of the concrete foundation 9 is provided with a power component for driving the lower support plate 7 to move toward the slope 1. The lower support plate 7 moves toward the slope 1, causing the upper support plate 13 to rotate toward the slope 1.

[0060] Preferably, the power assembly includes two sliding blocks 17, a fixed plate 18, and a power source 8. Baffles 19 are provided at both ends of the fixed plate 18. A U-shaped structure with an opening toward the slope 1 is formed between the fixed plate 18 and the baffle 19. A sealing plate 12 is provided on the U-shaped structure. A mounting cavity for mounting the two sliding blocks 17 is formed between the baffle 19, the fixed plate 18, and the concrete foundation 9. The two sliding blocks 17 are in oblique contact with the end faces of the lower support plate 7 and in direct contact with the side walls of the fixed plate 18. The power source 8 is mounted on the baffle 19. The power source 8 drives the two sliding blocks 17 toward each other, providing a driving force for the lower support plate 7 to move toward the slope 1. Specifically, a water hole 11 is provided between the fixed plate 18 and the concrete foundation 9 to drain the accumulated water in the U-shaped structure to avoid affecting the sliding of the two sliding blocks 17.

[0061] Preferably, stainless steel slides are embedded in the contact surfaces between the lower support plate 7 and the sliding block 17, the contact surfaces between the concrete foundation 9 and the sliding block 17, and the contact surfaces between the fixed plate 18 and the sliding block 17. Wear-resistant plates made of polytetrafluoroethylene are embedded in the contact surfaces between the sliding block 17, the lower support plate 7, the fixed plate 18, and the concrete foundation 9. Specifically, the wear-resistant plates and stainless steel slides are not shown in the figure. The combination of the wear-resistant plates and the stainless steel slides can reduce the coefficient of friction between the contact surfaces, making the relative movement of the two sliding blocks 17 more flexible and, consequently, making the inclination angle of the entire retaining wall more quickly and conveniently adjustable. This also improves the wear resistance of the sliding block 17 and extends its service life.

[0062] Preferably, a rotating shaft 6 is provided at the bottom corner of the upper support plate 13, and a rotating groove 5 adapted to the rotating shaft 6 is provided on the concrete foundation 9. The rotating shaft 6 is located in the rotating groove 5, and both ends of the rotating shaft 6 are rotatably connected to the concrete foundation 9 at both ends of the rotating groove 5.

[0063] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, when the lateral force of the slope 1 on the retaining wall exceeds the designed bearing capacity of the retaining wall, the power source 8 (hydraulic cylinder) can be used to apply lateral force to the two sliding blocks 17 to drive the two sliding blocks 17 closer to each other. After the mechanical decomposition and conversion of the adjusting block itself, the smaller lateral force is converted into a thrust force in the direction of the slope 1, prompting the lower support plate 7 to slide a certain displacement toward the side of the slope 1. In order to facilitate the accuracy of the movement of the lower support plate 7, a downwardly concave guide groove can be provided on the top surface of the concrete foundation 9. The lower support plate 7 can move toward the side of the slope 1 along the guide groove, so that the path will not be offset. After the lower support plate 7 moves toward the side of the slope 1, since the lower support plate 7 and the upper support plate 13 are in oblique straight surface contact, the lower end of the upper support plate 13 close to the side of the slope 1 is rotatably connected to the concrete foundation 9 through the rotating shaft 6. In this way, when the lower support plate 7 moves toward the side of the slope 1, it will prompt the upper support plate 13 and the concrete foundation 9 to rotate with the rotating shaft 6 as the point, and the upper support plate 13 rotates toward the side of the slope 1 by a certain angle. Since the weight of the entire retaining wall is relatively large, the rotation angle generally only needs to be 1-5°. Of course, it can be adjusted according to the actual pressure brought by the slope 1. After the upper support plate 13 is rotated, the upper prefabricated member 14 becomes inclined toward the side of the slope 1, and its center of gravity is closer to the slope 1. In this way, the support stability of the entire retaining wall is further improved, so that the retaining wall can withstand greater lateral loads. At the same time, in order to be able to adjust the slope of the retaining wall in a timely manner, a pressure sensor can be embedded in the arc surface 22 of the prefabricated member 14. The signal value of the pressure sensor is received by the controller (PLC or single-chip microcomputer). The controller can pre-set a limit value of the retaining wall. When the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is greater than the limit value, the controller controls the power source 8 to operate, and the power source 8 drives the sliding block 17 to move a certain distance. Of course, the distance moved each time by the two sliding blocks 17 can be pre-set, and both are millimeter-level movements. Such gradual movement avoids damage to the internal structure of the retaining wall caused by excessive displacement. Furthermore, the rotation axis 6 of the upper support plate 13 is positioned within the rotation groove 5 of the concrete foundation 9. This not only facilitates the angle adjustment of the retaining wall and changes its center of gravity, but also serves as a lateral limiter, enhancing the ability of the retaining wall's base to resist lateral forces, providing safer and more reliable protection for the slope 1. To facilitate the rotation of the retaining wall, external pipes can be connected using hoses, and the anchor rods 2 can also use existing flexible anchor rods 2.

[0064] Example 6

[0065] Preferably, a plurality of partition plates 33 are spaced apart from each other on the arc surface 22 from top to bottom, and reinforcement plates 3 connected to the preform 14 are provided at both ends of the partition plates 33 .

[0066] In this embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the earth pressure borne by a general retaining wall increases from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The position closer to the lower part is subjected to greater pressure, and the stability of the retaining wall has a safety hazard. Therefore, a plurality of partition plates 33 are arranged on the arc surface 22 from top to bottom. The partition plates 33 are also arc-shaped plates. The partition plates 33 are cast integrally with the prefabricated parts 14. The reinforcing plates 3 and the partition plates 33 form a triangular support structure to improve the bearing capacity of the partition plates 33. The sliding soil behind the wall is divided into multiple independent parts by the partition plates 33. Each sliding soil only produces pressure on the retaining structure of this layer. Compared with the retaining wall without the partition plates 33, the earth pressure is greatly reduced. At the same time, under the action of the deadweight of the partition plates 33, the overturning stability of the retaining wall is provided with an anti-overturning moment and the sliding stability is provided with a vertical force. The partition plates 33 improve the size and distribution of the earth pressure on the retaining wall as a whole, reduce the earth pressure load on the retaining wall, and improve the protection capability.

[0067] Example 7

[0068] A construction process for a retaining wall for a high slope in a fractured zone, comprising the retaining wall, comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1: Excavate the slope, remove excess earth, and form a slope 1 that is compatible with the retaining wall;

[0070] S2: The ground in front of the slope 1 is compacted and leveled, steel bars are tied, and concrete is poured to form a concrete foundation 9. A rotation groove 5 is reserved in the concrete foundation 9, and the fixing plate 18 and the baffle 19 are poured together;

[0071] S3: dig a foundation pit in front of the concrete foundation 9 to form a water collection tank 10 and install a water pump;

[0072] S4: The factory manufactures prefabricated parts 14, upper support plate 13, and lower support plate 7 of corresponding size and shape;

[0073] S5: transport the prefabricated component 14, the upper support plate 13, and the lower support plate 7 to the site for installation; align the grouting sleeve 25 at the lower end of the prefabricated component 14 with the embedded steel bars on the top surface of the upper support plate 13, then drop the prefabricated component 14 to complete the docking, and then inject slurry into the grouting sleeve 25. After solidification, the connection is completed;

[0074] S6: First, install the lower support plate 7 on the concrete foundation 9 together with the sliding block 17, then install the upper support plate 13 on top of the lower support plate 7, install the rotating shaft 6 at the bottom corner of the upper support plate 13 into the rotating groove 5, and then install the prefabricated parts 14 on the upper support plate 13. Through the cooperation of the dovetail groove 23 and the dovetail block 24, all the prefabricated parts 14 are spliced ​​into a retaining wall;

[0075] S7: Install the reverse osmosis layer 31 and the drain pipe 4 on the arc surface 22 of the prefabricated part 14. The drain pipe 4 is sandwiched in the reverse osmosis layer 31. The reverse osmosis layer 31 can be made of sand and pebbles. The drain pipe 4 in the sand and pebbles can be made of stainless steel pipes, which have better pressure resistance. Of course, the drain pipe 4 can also be set in the prefabricated part 14 to avoid the drain pipe 4 being squeezed. The drain pipe 4 passes downward through the partition plate 33 and extends into the water collection tank 10. The water channel between the water collection tank 10 and the accommodating chamber 20 and the overflow hole 15 is connected through a pipe.

[0076] S8: injecting a designed amount of water into the receiving cavity 20 of the preform 14 and installing a safety net 16 on the top of the receiving cavity 20;

[0077] S9: Fill the gap between the reverse osmosis layer 31 and the slope 1 with soil or gravel.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Based on the technical essence of the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement of the above embodiment shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retaining wall for a high slope in a fracture zone, comprising a retaining wall arranged on one side of a slope (1), characterized in that: A concrete foundation (9) is provided below the retaining wall, and a support adjustment device for adjusting the inclination angle of the retaining wall and changing the center of gravity of the retaining wall is provided between the retaining wall and the concrete foundation (9). The retaining wall is formed by splicing together a plurality of prefabricated parts (14) of reinforced concrete structure. An inclined anchor rod (2) is provided between the prefabricated part (14) and the slope body (1). The prefabricated part (14) is a cylindrical structure with an internal accommodating cavity (20) and an upper end open. The accommodating cavity (20) is filled with water. The side surface of the prefabricated part (14) in contact with the slope body (1) is an arc surface (22), and the other surfaces are flat surfaces. At least two grouting sleeves (25) are provided on the circumference of the bottom surface of each prefabricated part (14). The grouting sleeves (25) are used for the prefabricated part ( 14) is connected to the support and adjustment device, a reverse osmosis layer (31) is provided between the arc surface (22) and the slope body (1), a drainage pipe (4) is sandwiched in the reverse osmosis layer (31), a filter is provided in the drainage pipe (4), the drainage pipe (4) extends downward to the water collection tank (10), the water collection tank (10) is provided with a pump for transporting water infiltrated by the slope body (1) to the accommodating cavity (20), and an overflow hole (15) connected to the water collection tank (10) is provided on the side wall of the top of the prefabricated part (14); the support and adjustment device includes an upper support plate (13) and a lower support plate (7), the upper support plate (13) and the lower support plate (7) are in oblique straight surface contact, and the top surface of the upper support plate (13) is provided with a corresponding grouting sleeve (25) and Matching embedded steel bars, the lower support plate (7) is slidably connected to the concrete foundation (9), the end of the upper support plate (13) close to the slope (1) is rotatably connected to the concrete foundation (9), the top surface of the concrete foundation (9) is provided with a power assembly for driving the lower support plate (7) to move toward the slope (1), the lower support plate (7) moves toward the slope (1) so that the upper support plate (13) rotates toward the slope (1); the power assembly includes two sliding blocks (17), a fixed plate (18) and a power source (8), baffles (19) are provided at both ends of the fixed plate (18), a U-shaped structure with an opening toward the slope (1) is formed between the fixed plate (18) and the baffle (19), and a sealing plate (12) is provided on the U-shaped structure. A mounting cavity for mounting two sliding blocks (17) is formed between the baffle (19), the fixed plate (18) and the concrete foundation (9). The two sliding blocks (17) are in oblique contact with the end surface of the lower support plate (7) and in direct contact with the side wall of the fixed plate (18). A power source (8) is mounted on the baffle (19). The power source (8) drives the two sliding blocks (17) to move closer to each other to provide a driving force for the lower support plate (7) to move toward the slope (1). A rotating shaft (6) is provided at the bottom corner of the upper support plate (13). A rotating groove (5) adapted to the rotating shaft (6) is provided on the concrete foundation (9). The rotating shaft (6) is located in the rotating groove (5), and both ends of the rotating shaft (6) are rotatably connected to the concrete foundation (9) at both ends of the rotating groove (5).

2. A retaining wall for high slope in fractured zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of dovetail grooves (23) and dovetail blocks (24) are respectively provided on two sides of each prefabricated component (14) perpendicular to the slope body (1). The dovetail blocks (24) and dovetail grooves (23) are arranged along the entire length of the side of the prefabricated component (14). The dovetail grooves (23) and dovetail blocks (24) cooperate to connect two adjacent prefabricated components (14).

3. A retaining wall for high slope in fractured zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of mounting through holes (204) are distributed on the arc surface (22), and an elastic plate (21) made of polyurethane is provided in the mounting through hole (204). The elastic plate (21) is vulcanized with the steel bars inside the prefabricated part (14).

4. A retaining wall for high slope in fractured zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety net (16) is provided on the top of the prefabricated part (14). The safety net (16) is made of stainless steel. The safety net (16) completely covers the top of the accommodating cavity (20). The safety net (16) is welded to the steel bars inside the prefabricated part (14).

5. A retaining wall for high slope in fractured zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: Stainless steel slide plates are embedded on the contact surfaces between the lower support plate (7) and the sliding block (17), the contact surfaces between the concrete foundation (9) and the sliding block (17), and the contact surfaces between the fixed plate (18) and the sliding block (17). Wear-resistant plates made of polytetrafluoroethylene are embedded on the contact surfaces between the sliding block (17) and the lower support plate (7), the fixed plate (18), and the concrete foundation.

6. A retaining wall for high slope in fractured zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of partition plates (33) are spaced apart and distributed from top to bottom on the arc surface (22), and reinforcement plates (3) connected to the prefabricated parts (14) are provided at both ends of the partition plates (33).

7. A construction process for a retaining wall for a high slope in a fractured zone, comprising the retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Excavate the slope, remove excess earth, and form a slope that is compatible with the retaining wall (1); S2: compacting and leveling the ground in front of the slope (1), tying steel bars, pouring concrete to form a concrete foundation (9), and reserving a rotation groove (5) in the concrete foundation (9), and pouring together with a fixed plate (18) and a baffle (19); S3: digging a foundation pit in front of the concrete foundation (9) to form a water collection tank (10) and installing a water pump; S4: The factory manufactures prefabricated parts (14), upper support plates (13), and lower support plates (7) of corresponding sizes and shapes; S5: transporting the prefabricated component (14), the upper support plate (13), and the lower support plate (7) to the site for installation; S6: First, install the lower support plate (7) on the concrete foundation (9) together with the sliding block (17), then install the upper support plate (13) above the lower support plate (7), install the rotating shaft (6) at the bottom corner of the upper support plate (13) in the rotating groove (5), then install the prefabricated part (14) on the upper support plate (13), and splice all the prefabricated parts (14) into a retaining wall through the cooperation of the dovetail groove (23) and the dovetail block (24); S7: Installing a reverse osmosis layer (31) and a drainage pipe (4) on the arc surface (22) of the prefabricated component (14), wherein the drainage pipe (4) extends into the water collecting tank (10), and connects the water path between the water collecting tank (10) and the accommodating chamber (20) and the overflow hole (15) through a pipe; S8: injecting a designed amount of water into the receiving cavity (20) of the prefabricated component (14), and installing a safety net (16) on the top of the receiving cavity (20); S9: Fill the gap between the reverse osmosis layer (31) and the slope (1) with soil or gravel.

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