A drainage device for seepage in the roof arch of an underground cavern

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waterproofing construction of underground caverns, and discloses a drainage device for seepage from the roof arch of an underground cavern. The device includes several water collection troughs arranged along the direction of travel of the underground cavern, with supporting columns at the bottom of the troughs; several herringbone-shaped water collection plates arranged below the roof arch, which guide seepage from the roof arch into the water collection troughs; a shock-absorbing support assembly arranged within the water collection troughs and pressed against the roof arch wall; and drainage holes arranged within the water collection troughs, which connect to a drainage pipe below the troughs and lead to a drainage ditch on the floor of the underground cavern. This invention collects seepage from the roof arch of the underground cavern through the herringbone-shaped water collection plates and guides it to the water collection troughs. Simultaneously, the shock-absorbing assembly assists in supporting the roof arch of the underground cavern while guiding the collected seepage into the drainage ditch through the drainage holes and drainage pipe. This allows for successful drainage while simultaneously providing shock absorption and support, ensuring the interior of the underground cavern remains dry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproofing construction of underground caverns, specifically to a drainage device for seepage in the roof arch of an underground cavern. Background Technology

[0002] Water seepage must be fully considered during the planning and design of underground caverns, and water retention measures must be implemented during construction. Generally, seepage problems are concentrated in the vaulted area at the top of the cavern, due to groundwater seeping into the cavern from the opposite direction. To address this issue, common methods for diverting and draining seepage include:

[0003] Sealed vault: The top of the underground cavern is sealed to prevent water from seeping into the cavern from the top. The sealing method can be waterproof coating or waterproof board, which can not only avoid water seepage problems, but also ensure the service life of the underground cavern.

[0004] Series of drainage systems: By excavating horizontal or inclined trenches in the vault of the underground cavern, seepage water is collected and guided to the outside of the cavern;

[0005] Drainage wells and guide pipes: Drainage wells and guide pipes are installed in the vaulted area at the top of the underground cavern to direct seepage water to the groundwater system or discharge it into downstream rivers or ponds;

[0006] Pumps and pumping stations: If the amount of seepage water is relatively large, pumps and pumping stations can be used to drain it, which can improve drainage efficiency and water quality.

[0007] In general, the drainage and seepage control of underground caverns is a crucial consideration in their design and construction. Appropriate drainage and seepage control methods can prevent water damage to underground caverns, thereby improving their efficiency and lifespan.

[0008] However, the existing drainage devices for seepage in the roof arches of underground caverns are relatively simple in structure. The drainage structure is usually only used for drainage. Underground caverns with seepage usually have the problem of decreasing cavern support strength as the seepage time increases. The existing drainage structure does not have the ability to absorb shocks and prevent collapse, which is not conducive to underground caverns coping with various geological changes. At the same time, when changes in the geological strata of underground caverns cause a large amount of seepage in a short period of time, the existing drainage structure is prone to seepage overflow because it does not have the function of flow buffering. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem solved by this invention is that the existing drainage devices for seepage in the roof arch of underground caverns are relatively simple in structure. The seepage drainage structure is usually only used for seepage drainage. However, underground caverns with seepage usually have the problem of cavern support strength decreasing with the duration of seepage. The existing seepage drainage structure does not have the ability to absorb shock and prevent collapse, which is not conducive to underground caverns coping with various geological changes.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a drainage device for seepage in the roof arch of an underground cavern, comprising a plurality of water collection troughs arranged on the left and right side walls of the roof arch along the direction of travel of the underground cavern, with supporting columns at the bottom of the water collection troughs; a plurality of herringbone-shaped water collection plates arranged below the roof arch, the herringbone-shaped water collection plates guiding seepage in the roof arch into the water collection troughs; a shock-absorbing support assembly arranged in the water collection troughs and abutting against the roof arch walls; and drainage holes arranged in the water collection troughs, the drainage holes being connected to a drainage pipe below the water collection troughs and guiding the drainage to a drainage ditch on the floor of the underground cavern through the drainage pipe.

[0011] Specifically, the cross-section of the herringbone-shaped water collection plate is a U-shaped groove that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, with the bottom end penetrating through the side wall of the water collection groove and fixed to the water collection groove.

[0012] Furthermore, several herringbone-shaped water collection plates are arranged along the direction of travel of the underground cavern, with two adjacent herringbone-shaped water collection plates arranged close together.

[0013] Specifically, the water collection tank is a U-shaped tank with a layer of sponge absorbent material on each of its left and right side walls.

[0014] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing support assembly includes a vertical top plate embedded in the water collection tank in a vertical direction, with two downwardly protruding first hinge seats on the lower surface of the vertical top plate; it also includes a sliding groove disposed on the bottom wall of the water collection tank, with a transverse rod disposed in the sliding groove, and a connecting spring sleeved at each end of the transverse rod, the connecting spring being fixedly connected to the end walls of the sliding groove at both ends; it also includes a second hinge seat disposed at the opposite ends of the connecting spring, the second hinge seat being sleeved on the transverse rod, and the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat being hinged together by a hinge support rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the end wall of the water collection tank is provided with an inwardly recessed vertical limiting groove, and the bottom of the vertical top plate is provided with a limiting protrusion extending into the limiting groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the water collection tank is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a horizontal railing, with a sliding groove and a limiting groove located in the lower cavity, and several drainage holes provided on the horizontal railing.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper half of the vertical top plate is a support part for supporting the top wall of the underground cavern, and the lower half is a plug-in part for inserting the horizontal railing plate. The cross-section of the support part is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the plug-in plate, and the limiting protrusion is provided on the side wall of the plug-in part.

[0018] Furthermore, the top support is a trapezoidal block that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the shape of the upper cavity matches the shape of the trapezoidal block.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The device of the present invention collects the seepage water from the roof arch of the underground cavern through the herringbone-shaped water collection plate and guides it to the water collection trough. At the same time, the shock-absorbing component assists in supporting the roof arch of the underground cavern and guides the collected seepage water into the drainage ditch through the drainage hole and drainage pipe. It can complete the drainage task while assisting in shock absorption and support, and ensure that the interior of the underground cavern is dry. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shock-absorbing support component structure.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0024] The labels in the diagram are as follows: Underground cavern—1; Water collection trough—2; Drainage hole—21; Drainage pipe—22; Sponge absorbent layer—23; Slide—24; Horizontal moving rod—25; Connecting spring—26; Horizontal railing—27; Drainage hole—28; Support column—3; Herringbone water collection plate—4; Vertical top plate—5; First hinge seat—51; Second hinge seat—52; Hinge support rod—53; Limiting groove—61; Limiting protrusion—62. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, so as to provide a better understanding of the concept of the present invention, the technical problem solved, the technical features constituting the technical solution, and the technical effects brought about.

[0026] like Figures 1-4As shown, a drainage device for seepage in the roof arch of an underground cavern includes several water collection troughs 2 arranged on the left and right side walls of the roof arch of the underground cavern 1 along the direction of travel of the underground cavern 1, with support columns 3 at the bottom of the water collection troughs 2; several herringbone-shaped water collection plates 4 arranged below the roof arch, the herringbone-shaped water collection plates 4 guiding seepage in the roof arch into the water collection troughs 2; a shock-absorbing support assembly arranged in the water collection troughs 2 and pressed against the roof arch wall; and drainage holes 21 arranged in the water collection troughs 2, the drainage holes 21 being connected to a drainage pipe 22 below the water collection troughs 2 and guiding the drainage to a drainage ditch on the ground of the underground cavern 1 through the drainage pipe 22.

[0027] In this invention, the support column 3 provides support for the entire device. The water collection trough 2 is a groove with an open top, fixed to the left and right side walls of the arch. The herringbone-shaped water collection plate 4 is divided into a left span and a right span, with the ends of the left and right spans inserted into the side wall of the water collection trough 2 to guide the collected water into the water collection trough 2. To facilitate the collection of seepage water from the arch by the herringbone-shaped water collection plate 4, the top of the herringbone-shaped water collection plate 4 can be set as an open shape and pressed against the inner wall of the arch, thereby achieving complete coverage of the arch. After the seepage water from the arch is guided into the water collection trough 2, it enters the drainage pipe 22 below through the drainage hole 21 in the water collection trough and is then discharged into the drainage ditch, thereby effectively avoiding the impact on the floor of the underground cavern.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the cross-section of the herringbone water collection plate 4 is a U-shaped groove that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, with the bottom end penetrating through the side wall of the water collection trough 2 and fixed to the water collection trough 2.

[0029] In this embodiment, the herringbone water collection plate 4 is set as a U-shaped groove, which can effectively expand the collection range corresponding to a single herringbone water collection plate 4, reduce the number of herringbone water collection plates 4 required for the entire underground cavern, and effectively reduce construction costs.

[0030] As a further implementation, several herringbone water collection plates 4 are provided along the direction of travel of the underground cavern 1, with two adjacent herringbone water collection plates 4 arranged close together.

[0031] In this embodiment, the herringbone-shaped water collection plate 4 is arranged along the direction of travel of the underground cavern 1, and the top of the underground cavern is covered by splicing together any two adjacent herringbone-shaped water collection plates 4.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the water collection tank 2 is a U-shaped tank, and each of the left and right side walls of the water collection tank 2 is provided with a sponge absorbent layer 23.

[0033] In this embodiment, the purpose of setting the water collection tank 2 as U-shaped is to increase the upper volume of the water collection tank 2, so as to expand the water collection tank 2's capacity to accommodate a large amount of seepage in a short period of time. At the same time, the sponge absorbent layer 23 can also assist in absorbing a large amount of water in the early stage of seepage, thereby avoiding overflow caused by a large amount of seepage in a short period of time.

[0034] As a further implementation, the shock-absorbing support assembly includes a vertical top plate 5 embedded in the water collection tank 2 in a vertical direction, with two downwardly protruding first hinge seats 51 on the lower surface of the vertical top plate 5; it also includes a sliding groove 24 disposed in the bottom wall of the water collection tank 2, with a transverse rod 25 disposed in the sliding groove 24, and a connecting spring 26 sleeved at each end of the transverse rod 25, the two connecting springs 26 being fixedly connected to the end walls of the two ends of the sliding groove 24 respectively; it also includes a second hinge seat 52 disposed at the opposite ends of the connecting springs 26, the second hinge seat 52 being sleeved on the transverse rod 25, and the first hinge seat 51 and the second hinge seat 52 being hinged together by a hinge support rod 53.

[0035] In this embodiment, a specific structure and connection relationship of a shock-absorbing support component are provided. The vertical top plate 5, as the main load-bearing component for the pressure on the underground cavern's arch, transmits vibrations caused by internal construction and geological changes downwards. Specifically, it transmits these vibrations through the first hinge seat 51, hinge support rod 53, and second hinge seat 52 to the connecting spring 26 below. The connecting spring 26 provides buffering, preventing excessive stress on the lower support column 3 due to excessively strong single vibrations, and effectively preventing deformation of the underground cavern's arch. To further buffer the vibration force, the connecting spring 26 can be a damping spring, dissipating energy while buffering, thereby effectively weakening the vibration amplitude.

[0036] As a further embodiment, the end wall of the water collection tank 2 is also provided with an inwardly recessed vertical limiting groove 61, and the bottom of the vertical top plate 5 is provided with a limiting protrusion 62 extending into the limiting groove 61.

[0037] In this embodiment, a limiting groove 61 is provided on the end wall of the water collection tank 2, and a matching limiting protrusion 62 is provided on the bottom of the vertical top plate 5, thereby limiting the range of motion of the vertical top plate 5.

[0038] As a further embodiment, the water collection tank 2 is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a horizontal plate 27, the sliding groove 24 and the limiting groove 61 are located in the lower cavity, and the horizontal plate 27 is provided with a plurality of drainage holes 28.

[0039] In this embodiment, the water collection tank 2 is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a horizontal plate 27. The upper cavity and the lower cavity are connected by a drainage hole 28. When external seepage water is introduced into the water collection tank 2 by the herringbone water collection plate 4, it first enters the upper cavity and is absorbed by the sponge absorbent layer 23 on the side wall of the upper cavity. Then, the excess seepage water enters the lower cavity through the drainage hole 28 and is absorbed by the sponge absorbent layer 23 in the lower cavity. Finally, the excess seepage water is discharged into the drain pipe 22 through the drain hole 21.

[0040] As a further embodiment, the upper half of the vertical top plate 5 is a top support for supporting the top wall of the underground cavern 1, and the lower half is a plug-in part for inserting the horizontal railing plate 27. The cross-section of the top support is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the plug-in plate. The top support is a trapezoidal block that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the shape of the upper cavity matches the shape of the trapezoidal block. The limiting protrusion 62 is provided on the side wall of the plug-in part.

[0041] In this embodiment, dividing the vertical top plate 5 into a top support section and an insertion section aims to ensure the precise sliding of the vertical top plate 5 while dividing the water collection tank 2 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. Simultaneously, by setting the shape of the top support section and the upper cavity as trapezoidal blocks with a smaller top and a larger bottom, when the vertical top plate 5 is subjected to vertical pressure generated by the vibration of the underground cavern arch, the vertical top plate 5 moves downward, and the sidewall of the top support section fits against the sidewall of the upper cavity. This allows the top support section to squeeze out the water absorbed by the sponge absorbent layer 23 on the sidewall of the upper cavity and guide it into the lower cavity through the drainage holes 28, thereby clearing the water level in the sponge absorbent layer 23 of the upper cavity to zero, facilitating subsequent water absorption and buffering. Since the vibration of the underground cavern arch is usually caused by changes in rock strata and construction within the cave, this vibration process is continuous. That is, the water absorption and drainage process of the sponge absorbent layer 23 of the upper cavity is constantly cyclical, achieving dynamic adsorption and dynamic buffering, thereby further mitigating the seepage overflow caused by a large amount of seepage in a short period.

[0042] The terms "connection" and "fixing" appearing in the description of this invention can refer to fixed connection, processing and forming, welding, or mechanical connection. The specific meaning of the above terms in this invention should be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In the description of this invention, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., are used only to indicate the orientation or positional relationship for the convenience of describing this invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply a specific orientation that the device or element referred to must have, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for leading and draining water seepage from the crown of an underground cavern, characterized in that It includes a plurality of water collecting tanks (2) arranged on the left and right sidewalls of the top arch of the underground chamber (1) along the direction of travel of the underground chamber (1); the bottom of the water collecting tank (2) is provided with a support column (3); the left and right sidewalls of the water collecting tank (2) are each provided with a layer of sponge water absorbing layer (23); the end wall of the water collecting tank (2) is provided with a vertically recessed limiting groove (61); the water collecting tank (2) is provided with a horizontal baffle plate (27), which divides the water collecting tank (2) into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the limiting groove (61) is located in the lower cavity, and the horizontal baffle plate (27) is provided with a plurality of drainage holes (28); It also includes a plurality of herringbone water collecting plates (4) arranged below the top arch, which guide the water seepage of the top arch into the water collecting tank (2); It also includes a shock absorbing support assembly arranged in the water collecting tank (2) and abutting against the top arch wall; the shock absorbing support assembly includes a vertical top plate (5) embedded in the water collecting tank (2) along the vertical direction, the lower surface of the vertical top plate (5) is provided with two downward protruding first hinge seats (51); the upper half of the vertical top plate (5) is a jacking part for jacking the top wall of the underground chamber (1), and the lower half is an insertion part inserted into the horizontal baffle plate (27), the cross-sectional area of the jacking part is larger than that of the insertion plate, the jacking part is a trapezoidal block with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the shape of the upper cavity matches that of the jacking part; the bottom of the vertical top plate (5) is provided with a limiting protrusion (62) extending into the limiting groove (61), and the limiting protrusion (62) is arranged on the side wall of the insertion part; It also includes a sliding groove (24) arranged on the bottom wall of the water collecting tank (2), which is located in the lower cavity, and a horizontal moving rod (25) arranged in the sliding groove (24), the two ends of the horizontal moving rod (25) are each provided with a connecting spring (26), and the two connecting springs (26) are respectively fixedly connected with the two end walls of the sliding groove (24); it also includes a second hinge seat (52) arranged at the opposite ends of the connecting spring (26), which is sleeved on the horizontal moving rod (25) and is hinged with the first hinge seat (51) and the second hinge seat (52) through a hinge rod (53); It also includes a drainage hole (21) arranged in the water collecting tank (2), which is connected to a drainage pipe (22) below the water collecting tank (2) and guides the water to the drainage ditch on the ground of the underground chamber (1) through the drainage pipe (22).

2. A water drainage device for the crown of an underground chamber as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that, The cross section of the herringbone water collecting plate (4) is a U-shaped groove with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the bottom end penetrates the sidewall of the water collecting tank (2) and is fixed on the water collecting tank (2).

3. A water drainage device for the crown of an underground chamber as claimed in claim 2, wherein, A plurality of herringbone water collecting plates (4) are arranged along the direction of travel of the underground chamber (1), and the adjacent two herringbone water collecting plates (4) are arranged closely.

4. A water drainage device for the crown of an underground chamber as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that, The water collecting tank (2) is a groove with a U-shaped cross section.

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