Visual adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of dust explosion prevention, and discloses a visual adjustable flameless explosion relief experimental device, which comprises an explosion reaction container, an explosion relief assembly, a safety assembly and a controller; the explosion reaction container is electrically connected with the controller; the safety assembly is a rectangular box body, one side plate of which is provided with an inlet, and the bottom plate is provided with an outlet; the explosion relief assembly is a rectangular box body with a right opening, the left side plate of which is provided with an air inlet, and the right opening is provided with a flange; the air inlet is sealingly connected with the explosion relief port of the explosion reaction container, and the inlet is connected with the upper half of the flange; the explosion relief assembly is provided with a transparent observation window, and the inside of the explosion relief assembly is detachably provided with an adjustable fire-retardant structure. The present application can observe and record the quenching process of the explosion relief flame, facilitate the evaluation of the fire-retardant performance of the fire-retardant material, inhibit the propagation of the dust explosion relief flame, avoid the occurrence of secondary explosion accidents in the surrounding environment, improve the safety of the explosion relief experiment, and has a simple structure and an adjustable fire-retardant structure position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust explosion prevention technology, specifically to a visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial production generates a large amount of dust. If combustible dust is evenly distributed in a confined space containing an oxidizer, and its concentration is within the explosion limits and has energy exceeding its minimum ignition energy, a dust explosion will occur. To prevent the flames and shock waves generated by the explosion from causing greater harm to the surrounding environment, flameless explosion venting devices are generally installed on production equipment. However, the effectiveness of flameless explosion venting is affected by many factors, requiring experimental research.

[0003] When the flame-arresting structure of a flameless explosion venting experimental apparatus is in a fixed position, it cannot be moved according to experimental needs, limiting the scope of flame-arresting experiments to specific locations. When the flame-arresting structure is movable, the lack of fixed support means that under high explosion pressures, the structure may shift due to the impact force, significantly reducing the explosion venting effect and lowering experimental safety. Existing flameless explosion venting experimental apparatuses cannot meet the needs of conducting flameless explosion venting experiments with different explosion pressures, different flame-arresting materials, and different flame-arresting structure distances using the same apparatus. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device, whose flame-arresting device has an adjustable position, whose flame-arresting structure can be fitted with flame-arresting material layers of different thicknesses, and whose flame-arresting materials can be replaced. One set of devices can perform different explosion venting experiments.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solutions.

[0006] A visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device includes an explosion reaction container, an explosion venting component, a safety component, and a controller;

[0007] The explosion reaction vessel is electrically connected to the controller to simulate a dust explosion. The safety component is a rectangular box with an inlet on one side plate and an outlet on the bottom plate, the outlet of which is connected to a dust collection bag. The explosion relief component is a rectangular box with an opening on the right side. The explosion relief component has an air inlet on the left side plate and a flange on the right side opening, with screw holes on the flange. The air inlet is sealed to the explosion relief port of the explosion reaction vessel through a first connecting pipe. The inlet of the safety component is connected to the upper part of the flange by bolts.

[0008] The front and rear panels of the explosion relief assembly are equipped with transparent observation windows. The bottom plate of the explosion relief assembly has multiple small holes, and sensors are installed in the small holes to monitor the pressure and temperature inside the explosion relief assembly. The sensors are electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] The explosion venting assembly has a detachable and adjustable flame arrestor structure inside, which is used to quench the dust explosion flame. In use, the flame arrestor structure is inserted into the explosion venting assembly from the right side opening and sealed to the lower half of the flange.

[0010] Preferably, the fire-arresting structure includes a fire-arresting component and an adjusting component;

[0011] The flame arrestor assembly is parallel to the left side plate of the explosion venting assembly and fits against the inner wall of the explosion venting assembly. The lower two sides of the flame arrestor assembly are respectively provided with first screw holes. The left side plate of the explosion venting assembly has second screw holes on the bottom two sides of its inner side and limiters on the bottom two sides of its outer wire mesh. The limiters are provided with screw holes corresponding to the second screw holes.

[0012] The adjustment assembly includes two parallel screws and a screw fixing plate along the length of the explosion relief assembly. One end of each screw is rotatably connected to a surface of the screw fixing plate, and the other end of the screw passes through the first screw hole. The position of the flame arrestor assembly on the screw is adjustable.

[0013] The screw fixing plate has screw holes at its four corners that correspond to the screw holes in the lower half of the flange. The screw fixing plate is connected to the lower half of the flange by bolts. A handle is provided on the other side of the screw fixing plate.

[0014] More preferably, the fire-arresting component includes a fixed frame and a fire-arresting material, the fire-arresting material being disposed between two fixed frames; the fixed frame is fitted to the inner wall of the explosion venting component, and multiple screw holes are provided on the side of the fixed frame, the two fixed frames being fixed by bolts; the first screw hole is provided on both sides of the bottom edge of the fixed frame.

[0015] More preferably, the screw fixing plate is provided with two driven gears, one end of each of the two screws passes through the central hole of the driven gear and is fixedly connected to the central hole of the gear; a driving gear is provided between the two gears, the teeth of the driving gear mesh with the teeth of the two driven gears respectively, one end of the handle (27) passes through the central hole of the driving gear and is fixedly connected to the central hole of the gear, rotating the handle (27) causes the driving gear to rotate and drive the two driven gears to rotate in the same direction, causing the screw to rotate.

[0016] More preferably, the fire-retardant material includes a metal wire mesh.

[0017] Preferably, the sensor includes a flame temperature sensor and an explosion pressure sensor.

[0018] Preferably, the first connecting pipe is equipped with a venting disc.

[0019] Preferably, the inner diameter of the safety component is larger than the inner diameter of the explosion relief component.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom plate of the safety pipeline is a sunken bottom surface, and the outlet is located at the center of the sunken bottom surface.

[0021] Preferably, the side panel of the safety component opposite to the air inlet is removable.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] The experimental apparatus has a simple structure. Depending on the experimental requirements, the flame-arresting structure can be removed, the position of the flame-arresting components on the adjustment components can be adjusted, and the flame-arresting materials can be replaced, making it convenient to conduct flame-arresting experiments with various pressures and different flame-arresting materials.

[0024] The front and rear panels of the explosion venting assembly of this experimental device are made of tempered glass, and a glass observation window is opened on the top panel to observe and record the quenching process of the explosion venting flame, which is convenient for evaluating the fire-retardant performance of the fire-retardant material.

[0025] The large area of ​​the flame arrestor component in this experimental device can suppress the spread of dust-induced pressure relief flames, prevent secondary explosions in the surrounding environment, and improve the safety of the explosion relief experiment.

[0026] The safety pipe of this experimental device has a recessed lower wall design, and a dust collection device is installed at the opening, which improves the safety of explosion venting and reduces the probability of secondary explosion. In addition, the safety pipe can be disassembled for cleaning and is easy to maintain and repair. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental setup.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion venting assembly.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a front view of the fire-arresting assembly;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a side view of the fire-arresting assembly;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the explosion venting assembly with its right-side opening not connected.

[0033] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the right-side opening of the explosion venting assembly.

[0034] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0035] 1. Explosion reaction vessel; 2. Explosion relief assembly; 3. Safety assembly; 4. Controller; 5. First connecting pipe; 6. Through hole; 7. Sensor; 21. Flame arrestor assembly; 22. Adjustment assembly; 23. Second screw hole; 24. Limiter; 25. Screw; 26. Screw fixing plate; 27. Handle; 211. First screw hole; 212. Fixing frame; 213. Flame arrestor material. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0037] The existing flame arrestor structure of the flameless explosion relief experimental device is in a fixed position and cannot be moved according to the needs of the experiment. It can only conduct flame arrestor experiments in specific positions. When the flame arrestor structure is set to be movable, due to the lack of fixed support, when the explosion pressure is high, the flame arrestor structure will move due to the impact force during the experiment, and the position will be offset, which will greatly reduce the explosion relief effect and reduce the safety of the experiment.

[0038] refer to Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus of the present invention. The visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental apparatus of the present invention includes an explosion reaction container 1, an explosion venting component 2, a safety component 3, and a controller 4;

[0039] The explosion reaction vessel is used to simulate a dust explosion; the explosion reaction vessel is an existing reaction device for dust explosion reactions, such as a dust explosion test system or a dust explosion experimental device. The explosion reaction vessel has an ignition device and a pressure sensor. A dust cloud dispersion system with different parameters can be set inside the explosion reaction vessel. Activating the ignition device can simulate a dust explosion.

[0040] The explosion reaction container 1 and its internal pressure sensor and ignition device are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller 4 can set various parameters of the explosion reaction container, such as evacuating the explosion reaction container, adding dust or flammable liquid samples into the explosion reaction container, stirring the dust system, and starting the ignition device for ignition.

[0041] The safety component 3 is a horizontally placed rectangular box. An inlet is provided on one side plate of the safety component 3, and an outlet is provided on the bottom plate. The outlet is connected to a dust collection bag for collecting dust generated during the experiment.

[0042] The explosion relief assembly 2 is a rectangular box with an opening on the right side. An air inlet is provided on the left side plate of the assembly, and the right opening has a flange with screw holes. Figure 5 As shown; the air inlet is sealed to the explosion vent of the explosion reaction container 1 through the first connecting pipe 5; the inlet of the safety component 3 is connected to the upper half of the flange by bolts; the safety component is used to remove dust and avoid or reduce secondary explosion damage.

[0043] An explosion vent membrane is installed on the connecting flange between the first connecting pipe 5 and the explosion vent of the explosion reaction container 1. When the explosion pressure after simulating a dust explosion reaches a certain value, it will break through the explosion vent membrane, and flames, unburned dust and combustion products will enter the explosion vent assembly. The vent diameter can be adjusted by adding gaskets of different sizes at the explosion vent connecting flange.

[0044] To make the experiment more convenient, in this embodiment, the explosion relief component 2 is placed on the pipe support, and the safety component 3 is placed on the safety component support. The central axes of the outlets of the explosion relief component, the safety component, and the explosion reaction container are aligned in the horizontal direction. The bottom of the pipe support and the safety component support are respectively equipped with pulleys. The laboratory floor is paved with tracks, and the pipe support and the safety component support can move on the tracks.

[0045] The explosion venting assembly has a top and bottom plate made of stainless steel, with a glass window on the top plate; the front and rear plates have fused silica glass observation windows, allowing for full-section observation of the deflagration flame quenching process. The bottom plate of the explosion venting assembly has multiple small holes, each sealed with a sensor electrically connected to the controller. The sensors are temperature sensors and / or explosion pressure sensors, detecting the flame temperature and pressure within the explosion venting assembly and transmitting the flame temperature and pressure data to the controller.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the explosion venting assembly has a detachable and adjustable flame-arresting structure inside, used to quench dust deflagration flames. The position of the flame-arresting structure within the explosion venting assembly can be adjusted according to experimental requirements. After setting the position of the flame-arresting structure, it is inserted into the explosion venting assembly through the opening on the right side and sealed and fixed to the lower half of the flange. Temperature and pressure sensors are then installed in the small holes on the bottom plate of the explosion venting assembly. Finally, the upper half of the flange is connected to the inlet of the safety component using bolts. One pressure sensor is installed on each side of the flame-arresting device.

[0047] Furthermore, the fire-arresting structure includes a fire-arresting component 21 and an adjusting component 22. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the flame arrestor assembly 21 is parallel to the left side plate of the explosion venting assembly 2 and is fitted against the inner wall of the explosion venting assembly; as Figure 3As shown, the lower two sides of the flame arrestor assembly 21 are respectively provided with first screw holes 211. The left side plate of the explosion relief assembly 2 has second screw holes 23 on the bottom two sides of its inner side, and limiters 24 on the bottom two sides of its outer side wire mesh; the limiters are provided with holes corresponding to the second screw holes.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the adjusting assembly 22 includes two parallel screws 25 along the length of the explosion venting assembly and a screw fixing plate 26. One end of each screw is rotatably connected to a surface of the screw fixing plate, and the other end of the screw passes through the first screw hole 211. The position of the flame arrestor assembly on the screw is adjustable. Multiple markings are provided on the screw, each marking corresponding to a specific position of the explosion venting assembly.

[0049] The screw fixing plate 26 has screw holes at its four corners that correspond to the screw holes in the lower half of the flange. The screw fixing plate is connected to the lower half of the flange by bolts. A handle 27 is provided on the other side of the screw fixing plate.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the flame-arresting component includes a fixed frame 212 and a flame-arresting material 213. The flame-arresting material is disposed between the two fixed frames. The flame-arresting material includes, but is not limited to, metal wire mesh, preferably stainless steel wire mesh. The flame-arresting material can be a single layer or multiple layers of stainless steel wire mesh. The flame-arresting effect can be improved by adjusting the flame-arresting material. The fixed frame 212 fits snugly against the inner wall of the explosion venting component, preventing the flame from passing through the gap between the fixed frame and the explosion venting component. The area of ​​the flame-arresting component is close to the cross-sectional area of ​​the explosion venting component, thus improving the flame-arresting effect. Figure 3 As shown, multiple screw holes are provided on the side of the fixed frame, and the two fixed frames are fixed by bolts; the first screw hole 211 is provided on both sides of the bottom frame of the fixed frame.

[0051] In use, according to the set position of the fixing frame in the explosion venting assembly, rotate the two screws through the first screw hole to fix the fixing frame on the corresponding mark line. Then, insert the screws through the opening on the right side of the explosion venting assembly into the assembly, so that the ends of the screws are inserted into the second screw hole. Rotate the two screws so that the ends of the screws pass through the second screw hole and enter the hole of the limiter. The screw fixing plate 27 is connected to the lower half of the flange of the opening on the right side of the explosion venting assembly 2 by bolts, such as... Figure 6 As shown. Adjusting the position of the flame arrestor component within the explosion venting component can alter the flame arresting effect of the experimental setup.

[0052] Specifically, two driven gears are provided on the screw fixing plate. One end of each of the two screws passes through the central hole of the driven gear and is fixedly connected to the central hole of the gear. A driving gear is provided between the two gears. The teeth of the driving gear mesh with the teeth of the two driven gears respectively. One end of the handle 27 passes through the central hole of the driving gear and is fixedly connected to the central hole of the gear. Rotating the handle 27 rotates the driving gear, which drives the two driven gears to rotate in the same direction, thereby causing the screw to rotate and move.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the safety component is larger than the inner diameter of the explosion relief component, so that a Venturi effect is generated among the explosion relief component, the safety component inlet and the safety component, which is more conducive to dust entering the safety component.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the safety component is a sunken bottom surface. After the dust falls on the bottom surface, it slides down to the outlet under the action of gravity and then enters the dust collection bag from the outlet. A removable baffle is provided at the end of the safety component opposite to the air inlet. Removing the baffle allows for the cleaning of any unburned dust remaining inside the safety component.

[0055] The working principle of this experimental setup is as follows:

[0056] The pressure sensor inside the explosion reaction vessel, as well as the pressure and temperature sensors installed on the explosion relief assembly, are connected to the controller. They can automatically collect the dynamic pressure inside the explosion reaction vessel during the explosion process at the same time as ignition, and collect the explosion pressure and flame temperature data at different locations of the explosion relief assembly. The controller is connected to the computer and transmits the collected data to the computer. The computer processes and stores the data and plots pressure-time and temperature-time curves.

[0057] The controller ignites the uniformly dispersed combustible dust within the explosion reaction container, which meets the conditions for deflagration. When the explosion pressure reaches a certain value after the explosion, the dust will rupture the explosion relief membrane between the explosion reaction container and the first connecting pipe. After the membrane is destroyed, the deflagration flame will propagate to the explosion relief assembly. When the flame reaches the flame arrestor assembly, it absorbs the pressure wave and heat released by the dust explosion, while simultaneously inhibiting the further diffusion of unburned dust. If combustible dust still overflows, the safety component connected to the explosion relief assembly can remove dust and prevent or reduce secondary explosion damage. Furthermore, since the front and rear plates of the explosion relief assembly are made of fused silica glass, and a glass window is opened on the top plate of the explosion relief assembly, the explosion relief experiment process can be recorded by an external high-speed camera for further analysis of the experimental data.

[0058] This experimental setup allows for the use of different fire-retardant materials and the alteration of the fire-retardant components to conduct various experiments. Specifically, for example... Figure 6As shown, remove the screw fixing plate from the right opening of the explosion venting assembly and remove the inlet of the safety component. Take the flame arrestor structure out of the explosion venting assembly, and then remove the flame arrestor assembly from the screw. The flame arrestor material in the flame arrestor assembly can be replaced or its thickness increased. Next, install the flame arrestor assembly on the screw and adjust it to the required position according to the markings on the screw. Place the installed flame arrestor structure into the explosion venting assembly. The screw passes sequentially through the through hole, the first screw hole, the second screw hole, and the limiter hole. Fix the screw fixing plate to the lower half of the flange of the right opening of the explosion venting assembly. Then connect the safety component, the explosion reaction vessel, and the controller, and then conduct the experiment.

[0059] Although the present invention has been described in detail in this specification with general description and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device, characterized in that, It includes an explosion reaction vessel (1), an explosion relief assembly (2), a safety assembly (3), and a controller (4); The explosion reaction container (1) is electrically connected to the controller (4) to simulate a dust explosion; the safety component (3) is a rectangular box with an inlet on one side plate and an outlet on the bottom plate, and the outlet is connected to a dust collection bag; the explosion relief component (2) is a rectangular box with an opening on the right side, with an air inlet on the left side plate, and a flange on the right side opening, with screw holes on the flange; the air inlet is sealed to the explosion relief port of the explosion reaction container (1) through a first connecting pipe (5); the inlet of the safety component is connected to the upper half of the flange by bolts; The inner diameter of the safety component (3) is larger than the inner diameter of the explosion relief component (2); the bottom plate of the safety component is a sunken bottom surface, and the outlet is located at the center of the sunken bottom surface; The front and rear plates of the explosion relief assembly are equipped with transparent observation windows. The bottom plate of the explosion relief assembly is equipped with multiple small holes. Sensors (7) are installed in the small holes to monitor the pressure and temperature inside the explosion relief assembly. The sensors are electrically connected to the controller (4). The explosion venting assembly has a detachable and adjustable flame arrestor structure inside, which is used to quench the dust deflagration flame; in use, the flame arrestor structure is inserted into the explosion venting assembly from the right side opening and sealed to the lower half of the flange. The fire-arresting structure includes a fire-arresting component (21) and an adjusting component (22); The flame arrestor (21) is parallel to the left side plate of the explosion venting assembly (2) and fits against the inner wall of the explosion venting assembly. The lower two sides of the flame arrestor (21) are respectively provided with first screw holes (211). The left side plate of the explosion venting assembly has second screw holes (23) on the bottom two sides of its inner side and limiters (24) on the bottom two sides of its outer side. The limiters are provided with screw holes corresponding to the second screw holes. The adjustment assembly (22) includes two parallel screws (25) along the length of the explosion relief assembly and a screw fixing plate (26). One end of each screw is rotatably connected to one surface of the screw fixing plate, and the other end of the screw passes through the first screw hole (211). The position of the flame arrestor assembly on the screw is adjustable. The screw fixing plate (26) has screw holes at its four corners that correspond to the screw holes in the lower half of the flange. The screw fixing plate is connected to the lower half of the flange by bolts. A handle (27) is provided on the other side of the screw fixing plate.

2. The visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire-arresting assembly includes a fixed frame (212) and a fire-arresting material (213), the fire-arresting material being disposed between the two fixed frames; the fixed frame (212) is fitted to the inner wall of the explosion relief assembly, and multiple screw holes are provided on the side of the fixed frame, the two fixed frames being fixed by bolts; the first screw hole (211) is disposed on both sides of the bottom frame of the fixed frame.

3. The visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw fixing plate (26) is provided with two driven gears. One end of each of the two screws (25) passes through the center hole of the driven gear and is fixedly connected to the center hole of the gear. A driving gear is provided between the two gears. The teeth of the driving gear mesh with the teeth of the two driven gears respectively. One end of the handle (27) passes through the center hole of the driving gear and is fixedly connected to the center hole of the gear. Rotating the handle (27) causes the driving gear to rotate, which in turn drives the two driven gears to rotate in the same direction, causing the screws to rotate.

4. The visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fire-retardant material (213) includes a metal wire mesh.

5. The visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor (7) includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

6. The visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An explosion relief membrane is installed on the first connecting pipe (5).

7. The visually adjustable flameless explosion venting experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side panel of the safety component opposite the air inlet is removable.

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