Simulation device for the effect of wave scouring on submarine tunnel at slope and its working method

Abstract

This application discloses a device and operating method for simulating the effects of wave scour on a sloped submarine tunnel. The device includes a test chamber, a slope baffle, a first fixing assembly, a second fixing assembly, a tunnel support assembly, and a detection assembly. The first and second fixing assemblies support the slope baffle, the tunnel support assembly supports a tunnel model, and the detection assembly acquires test data. This application uses the slope baffle, the first and second fixing assemblies to define the slope dimensions, thereby guiding subsequent soil filling to obtain a slope that meets test requirements. The slope formed by the soil fill is then used as the target for wave scour simulation testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a simulation device and a working method thereof for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope in the technical field of simulation devices. Background Art

[0002] Subsea tunnels are a means of transport across the ocean to connect different landmasses. Because the seabed environment is influenced by ocean currents, wave loads can easily cause deformation of the seabed soil, leading to changes in the seepage and stress fields and altering the soil conditions above the tunnel. The impact of waves is particularly pronounced in shallow waters.

[0003] When constructing an undersea tunnel through a sloped terrain, wave nonlinearity and shallow water effects must be considered. The impact of waves of varying depths on the seepage field on a slope differs significantly from that on a horizontal slope. Furthermore, when tunneling through islands and reefs, the rock or soil mass of the reef section differs from the seafloor level. Furthermore, due to the presence of reef flats, the impact of overtopping waves must also be considered. Furthermore, the interface between islands and reefs and the seafloor is typically composed of a mixture of different soils, and the proportion of these soils also has an impact. To safely assess tunnel stability, it is necessary to determine the seepage pressure around the tunnel.

[0004] To better study actual engineering conditions, corresponding models are often used to simulate the impact of waves on the dynamic response of the tunnel environment under real-world conditions. Currently, there are simulation devices that use wave generators to generate waves and study the stress conditions in submarine tunnels. However, these generally only simulate horizontal slopes on the seabed and lack simulation of slope environments. Moreover, parameters such as the slope's gradient and height can significantly affect the simulation results. Manual adjustments during slope creation can easily cause the slope parameters to deviate from the design expectations, thus affecting the accuracy of the final results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a simulation device and a working method for the impact of wave scouring on submarine tunnels at slopes, which can improve the accuracy of slope construction and simulate the impact of waves on submarine tunnels in a slope environment.

[0006] According to a first embodiment of the present application, a device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope is provided, comprising:

[0007] Test chamber;

[0008] a sloped baffle transitioning from the first side surface to the second side surface along the length direction;

[0009] a first fixing assembly comprising a first extension rod, wherein a first end of the first extension rod is connected to the test box, and a second end of the first extension rod is hinged to a first side surface of the slope baffle;

[0010] a second fixing assembly comprising a second extension rod and a support member, wherein a first end of the second extension rod is connected to the test box, a second end of the second extension rod is hinged to the second side surface of the slope baffle, and two ends of the support member are respectively connected to the second extension rod and the test box to support the second extension rod;

[0011] The projections of the slope baffle, the first extension rod, and the second extension rod along the first direction divide the test box into a fill area located below and a wave simulation area located above. The fill area is used to load soil for slope construction, and the wave simulation area is used to conduct wave simulation experiments.

[0012] a tunnel support assembly disposed in the fill area, the tunnel support assembly comprising a support frame, one end of the support frame being rotatably connected to the test box, and the other end of the support frame being fixedly connected to the tunnel model;

[0013] The detection component includes a piezoelectric film sensor and a strain gauge, wherein the piezoelectric film sensor is coated on the surface of the tunnel model, and the strain gauge is buried in the soil of the filling area.

[0014] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, further, the side panels of the test box are transparent panels.

[0015] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, further, the simulation device for the impact of wave scouring on the submarine tunnel at the slope also includes an anti-overflow component, the anti-overflow component includes a slide rail, a slider and an overflow baffle, the slide rail is installed on the top of the test box and extends along the second direction, the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, the overflow baffle is detachably connected to the slider and can move along the second direction with the slider, and the overflow baffle extends downward.

[0016] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, further, the anti-overtopping assembly also includes a locking member, which is connected to the slider and can be abutted against the slide rail, thereby limiting the movement of the slider.

[0017] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, further, the slope baffle includes a main board and two connecting plates, the two connecting plates are hinged to the first extension rod and the second extension rod respectively, and the two sides of the main board are detachably connected to the two connecting plates respectively.

[0018] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, further, the two sides of the main board are plugged into the two connecting boards in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0019] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, further, the simulation device for the impact of wave scouring on an underwater tunnel at a slope also includes a height adjustment component, the height adjustment component includes a fixed column and a connecting block, the fixed column is installed on the inner wall of the test box and the fixed column is provided with a slide groove extending along a third direction, the connecting block moves along the slide groove and can be fixed to the fixed column by bolts, the connecting block is connected to the first extension rod or the second extension rod, so that the height of the first extension rod or the second extension rod can be adjusted by the connecting block.

[0020] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, further, the support member is a plate-shaped structure.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, further, the tunnel support assembly also includes a motor, and an output shaft of the motor is connected to the support frame to drive the support frame to rotate.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present application, a working method is provided, based on the above-mentioned device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope, comprising:

[0023] The first fixing assembly and the second fixing assembly are installed in the test box, and both sides of the slope baffle are connected to the first extension rod and the second extension rod respectively;

[0024] Covering the piezoelectric film sensor on the surface of the tunnel model;

[0025] Mounting the tunnel model on the support frame, and rotating the support frame to adjust the orientation of the tunnel model to the orientation required by the test;

[0026] Filling the fill area with soil, leaving it to stand for 2 hours every 20 cm to allow it to consolidate, while burying a strain gauge, and stopping filling when the soil level reaches the height of the projection of the first extension rod and the second extension rod along the first direction and the soil is in contact with the bottom of the slope baffle;

[0027] Remove the first fixing assembly, the second fixing assembly and the ramp baffle from the test box;

[0028] Filling the test box with water, generating waves by a wave maker, performing a wave scour test, and collecting detection data fed back by the piezoelectric film sensor and the strain gauge;

[0029] After the test is completed, the soil in the test box is removed and cleaned, and the tunnel model, the piezoelectric film sensor, and the strain gauge are recovered.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include at least: the present application limits the slope size through the slope baffle, the first fixing component and the second fixing component, thereby guiding the subsequent filling to obtain a slope that meets the test requirements, and then using the slope formed by the filling as the object for the wave scouring simulation test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the following briefly describes the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Those skilled in the art can also derive other design solutions and drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a simulation device for the effect of wave scour on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 2 is a side view of a device for simulating the effect of wave scour on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the strain gauge 610 in the simulation device for the effect of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to the first aspect of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of the overtopping prevention assembly 700 in the simulation device for the effect of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to the first aspect of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a slope baffle 200 in a simulation device for the effect of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to the first aspect of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a partially enlarged view of the height adjustment component 800 in the simulation device for the impact of wave scouring on an underwater tunnel at a slope in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application.

[0038] Figure 1: 100-test box, 110-fill area, 120-wave simulation area, 200-slope baffle, 210-main board, 220-connecting plate, 310-first extension rod, 410-second extension rod, 420-support member, 500-tunnel support assembly, 510-support frame, 520-tunnel model, 610-strain gauge, 700-overflowing assembly, 710-slide rail, 720-slider, 730-overflowing baffle, 740-locking member, 800-height adjustment assembly, 810-fixing column, 811-slide groove, 820-connecting block, 830-T-bolt, 840-nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] This section will describe the specific embodiments of the present application in detail. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application.

[0041] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "many" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The terms "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish technical features and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or as implicitly specifying the number or order of the technical features indicated.

[0042] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0043] Reference Figure 1The device for simulating the effects of wave scour on a sloped submarine tunnel, according to the first embodiment of the present application, includes a test chamber 100, a slope baffle 200, a first fixing assembly, a second fixing assembly, a tunnel support assembly 500, a detection assembly, an overtopping prevention assembly 700, and a height adjustment assembly 800. The test chamber 100 is the main structure of the device for simulating the effects of wave scour on a sloped submarine tunnel, and is used to load other components and also serves as the testing location. The side panels of the test chamber 100 are transparent, allowing test personnel to directly observe the test results.

[0044] The slope baffle 200 is used to provide a slope base so that the fill slope meets the test expectations. It transitions from the first side to the second side along the length direction.

[0045] Both the first and second fixing assemblies are used to secure the ramp baffle 200. Specifically, the first fixing assembly includes a first extension rod 310. The first end of the first extension rod 310 is connected to the test box 100, and the second end of the first extension rod 310 is hinged to the first side surface of the ramp baffle 200. This allows the ramp baffle 200 to flip about the hinge axis with the first extension rod 310, thereby changing the inclination angle of the ramp baffle 200 and adjusting the slope gradient formed by subsequent soil filling and slope construction. It is worth noting that the first extension rod 310 is a telescopic rod, allowing the position of the ramp baffle 200 to be adjusted.

[0046] The second fixing assembly includes a second extension rod 410 and a support member 420. The first end of the second extension rod 410 is connected to the test chamber 100, and the second end of the second extension rod 410 is hinged to the second side surface of the ramp baffle 200. The second extension rod 410 is a telescopic rod, capable of extending and retracting to match the position of the ramp baffle 200. The ends of the support member 420 are respectively connected to the second extension rod 410 and the test chamber 100, thereby supporting the second extension rod 410 and reducing deformation of the second extension rod 410 when subjected to pressure. Furthermore, the support member 420 has a plate-like structure that can support two or more second extension rods 410, thereby improving the structural integrity of the second fixing assembly and enhancing support strength.

[0047] It is worth noting that, referring to Figure 2 The projections of the slope baffle 200, the first extension rod 310, and the second extension rod 410 along the first direction x divide the test chamber 100 into a lower fill area 110 and an upper wave simulation area 120. The fill area 110 is used to load soil for slope construction, and the wave simulation area 120 is used to conduct wave simulation experiments.

[0048] Furthermore, the ramp baffle 200 includes a main plate 210 and two connecting plates 220. The two connecting plates 220 are hingedly connected to the first extension rod 310 and the second extension rod 410, respectively. The two sides of the main plate 210 are detachably connected to the two connecting plates 220, respectively. This allows the overall length of the ramp baffle 200 to be varied by replacing main plates 210 of different lengths, thereby meeting the slope length requirements of different tests. Specifically, the main plate 210 and connecting plates 220 can be secured to each other using bolts, snap-fit ​​connections, or plug-in connections. In this embodiment, a plug-in connection is used, which facilitates assembly and disassembly.

[0049] The tunnel support assembly 500 is disposed within the fill area 110 and includes a support frame 510. One end of the support frame 510 is rotatably connected to the test chamber 100, and the other end is fixedly connected to the tunnel model 520. Thus, while the support frame 510 elevates the tunnel model 520, the tunnel model 520 can also be rotated via the support frame 510 to change its orientation, simulating the construction conditions of a tunnel being opened along or across a slope. Furthermore, for some heavier tunnel models 520, the tunnel support assembly 500 also includes a motor. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the support frame 510 to drive the support frame 510 to rotate, thereby assisting in adjusting the orientation of the tunnel model 520. The output shaft of the motor can be connected to the support frame 510 directly or indirectly via a transmission mechanism.

[0050] The detection component is used to collect test data, and includes a piezoelectric film sensor and a strain gauge 610. The piezoelectric film sensor specifically uses a PVDF piezoelectric film, which converts external mechanical energy into an electrical signal through the piezoelectric effect, so that the pressure and stress can be measured. The piezoelectric film sensor is coated on the surface of the tunnel model 520 to collect the external force exerted on the tunnel model 520. The strain gauge 610 is a stress sensor. When the stress inside the structure being measured changes, the strain gauge 610 synchronously senses the deformation, and the deformation is transmitted to the vibrating wire inside it through the front and rear end seats, thereby converting it into a change in the vibrating wire stress. Figure 3 Multiple strain gauges 610 are installed in the soil of the fill area 110. The installation locations of the strain gauges 610 can be adjusted based on test requirements, for example, distributed in a circular array around the axis of the tunnel model 520 or evenly spaced along the slope baffle 200. The piezoelectric film sensors and strain gauges 610 in the detection assembly are connected to an external data acquisition system via wires.

[0051] The anti-overtopping assembly 700 is used to prevent waves from overtopping, thereby generating a control group simulation result when there is no overtopping. Figure 4The anti-overtopping assembly 700 specifically includes a slide rail 710, a slider 720, an overtopping baffle 730, and a locking piece 740. The slide rail 710 is installed on the top of the test box 100 and extends along the second direction y. The slider 720 is slidably connected to the slide rail 710. The overtopping baffle 730 is detachably connected to the slider 720, so that overtopping baffles 730 of different sizes can be replaced; the overtopping baffle 730 can move along the second direction y with the slider 720, thereby changing the position of the overtopping baffle 730. The overtopping baffle 730 extends downward. When waves surge up the slope, the overtopping baffle 730 can block the waves, thereby preventing the waves from crossing the slope. The locking piece 740 is connected to the slider 720 and can be abutted against the slide rail 710, specifically by a top screw abutting the slide rail 710. The protruding length of the top screw can be adjusted by twisting. Thus, the locking member 740 can lock the slider 720 and the slide rail 710 to each other, preventing the slider 720 from moving at will.

[0052] The height adjustment assembly 800 is used to adjust the height of the first extension rod 310 and the second extension rod 410, thereby adjusting the height of the slope after filling and slope construction. Figure 6 The height adjustment assembly 800 includes a fixed column 810 and a connecting block 820. The fixed column 810 is specifically an aluminum alloy profile and is mounted on the inner wall of the test chamber 100. The fixed column 810 is provided with a slot 811 extending along a third direction z, which represents the height of the test chamber 100. The connecting block 820 moves along the slot 811 and is secured to the fixed column 810 via bolts. The connecting block 820 is connected to the first extension rod 310 or the second extension rod 410, thereby enabling the height of the first extension rod 310 or the second extension rod 410 to be adjusted. Specifically, the first extension rod 310 or the second extension rod 410 is connected to the connecting block 820 by plugging, and the insertion portion of the first extension rod 310 or the second extension rod 410 inserted into the connecting block 820 is prismatic, and corresponding holes are also provided on the connecting block 820 to prevent the first extension rod 310 or the second extension rod 410 from rotating after insertion.

[0053] The working method in the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application is based on the above-mentioned simulation device for the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope, and includes the following steps:

[0054] S100. Installing a first fixing assembly and a second fixing assembly in the test chamber 100, the first extension rod 310 and the second extension rod 410 are fixed to the fixing column 810, and both sides of the ramp baffle 200 are connected to the first extension rod 310 and the second extension rod 410;

[0055] S200. The piezoelectric film sensor is coated on the surface of the tunnel model 520;

[0056] S300. The tunnel model 520 is mounted on the support frame 510, and the support frame 510 is rotated to adjust the orientation of the tunnel model 520 to the orientation required by the test;

[0057] S400. Filling is performed in fill area 110. For the area below slope barrier 200, a heaped load consolidation method is employed. After filling, heavy objects are piled on slope barrier 200 to compact the soil. For the area below first extension rod 310 and second extension rod 410, a dump fill method is employed. Each 20 cm of fill is allowed to rest for 2 hours to allow for consolidation. During the filling process, strain gauge 600 is installed. Filling is stopped when the soil level reaches the projection height of first extension rod 310 and second extension rod 410 along the first direction x, and the soil contacts the bottom of slope barrier 200. At this point, the slope profile approximates the profile of fill area 110.

[0058] S500. The first fixing assembly, the second fixing assembly and the ramp baffle 200 are removed from the test chamber 100;

[0059] S600. Water is injected into the test chamber 100, and waves are generated by a wave machine to perform a wave scour test, and the detection data of the piezoelectric film sensor and the strain gauge 610 feedback is collected;

[0060] S700 . After the test is completed, the soil in the test box 100 is removed and cleaned, and the tunnel model 520 , the piezoelectric film sensor, and the strain gauge 610 are recovered.

[0061] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation methods of the present application, but the invention of the present application is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present application. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope, characterized in that: include: Test chamber (100); A sloped baffle (200) transitioning from a first side surface to a second side surface along a length direction; A first fixing assembly comprises a first extension rod (310), wherein a first end of the first extension rod (310) is connected to the test box (100), and a second end of the first extension rod (310) is hinged to a first side surface of the slope baffle (200); a second fixing assembly comprising a second extension rod (410) and a support member (420), wherein a first end of the second extension rod (410) is connected to the test box (100), a second end of the second extension rod (410) is hinged to a second side surface of the slope baffle (200), and two ends of the support member (420) are respectively connected to the second extension rod (410) and the test box (100) to support the second extension rod (410); The projections of the slope baffle (200), the first extension rod (310), and the second extension rod (410) along a first direction divide the test box (100) into a filling area (110) located below and a wave simulation area (120) located above, wherein the filling area (110) is used to load soil to build a slope, and the wave simulation area (120) is used to conduct a wave simulation experiment; A tunnel support assembly (500) is disposed in the fill area (110), the tunnel support assembly (500) comprising a support frame (510), one end of the support frame (510) being rotatably connected to the test box (100), and the other end of the support frame (510) being fixedly connected to the tunnel model (520); The detection component comprises a piezoelectric film sensor and a strain gauge (610), wherein the piezoelectric film sensor is coated on the surface of the tunnel model (520), and the strain gauge (610) is buried in the soil of the filling area (110).

2. The device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side panels of the test box (100) are transparent panels.

3. The device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation device for the influence of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope further comprises an overtopping component (700), wherein the overtopping component (700) comprises a slide rail (710), a slider (720) and an overtopping baffle (730), wherein the slide rail (710) is mounted on the top of the test box (100) and extends along the second direction, the slider (720) is slidably connected to the slide rail (710), the overtopping baffle (730) is detachably connected to the slider (720) and can move along the second direction with the slider (720), and the overtopping baffle (730) extends downward.

4. The device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to claim 3, characterized in that: The overtopping prevention assembly (700) further includes a locking member (740), which is connected to the slider (720) and can abut against the slide rail (710), thereby limiting the movement of the slider (720).

5. The device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope baffle (200) comprises a main plate (210) and two connecting plates (220), wherein the two connecting plates (220) are hingedly connected to the first extension rod (310) and the second extension rod (410) in a one-to-one correspondence, and both sides of the main plate (210) are detachably connected to the two connecting plates (220) in a one-to-one correspondence.

6. The device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the main board (210) are plugged into the two connecting boards (220) in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation device for the influence of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope further comprises a height adjustment component (800), wherein the height adjustment component (800) comprises a fixing column (810) and a connecting block (820), wherein the fixing column (810) is mounted on the inner wall of the test box (100) and a sliding groove (811) extending along a third direction is provided on the fixing column (810), wherein the connecting block (820) moves along the sliding groove (811) and can be fixed to the fixing column (810) by bolts, and wherein the connecting block (820) is connected to the first extension rod (310) or the second extension rod (410), so that the height of the first extension rod (310) or the second extension rod (410) can be adjusted by the connecting block (820).

8. The device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member (420) is a plate-shaped structure.

9. The device for simulating the impact of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel support assembly (500) further comprises a motor, wherein an output shaft of the motor is connected to the support frame (510) to drive the support frame (510) to rotate.

10. A working method, based on the device for simulating the effect of wave scouring on a submarine tunnel at a slope as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The first fixing assembly and the second fixing assembly are installed in the test box (100), and both sides of the slope baffle (200) are connected to the first extension rod (310) and the second extension rod (410) respectively; Covering the piezoelectric film sensor on the surface of the tunnel model (520); Mounting the tunnel model (520) on the support frame (510), and rotating the support frame (510) to adjust the orientation of the tunnel model (520) to an orientation required by the test; Filling the filling area (110), leaving it to stand for 2 hours for each 20 cm filling to allow it to solidify, while burying a strain gauge (610), and stopping filling when the soil level reaches the height of the projection surface of the first extension rod (310) and the second extension rod (410) along the first direction and the soil is in contact with the bottom of the slope baffle (200); removing the first fixing assembly, the second fixing assembly and the slope baffle (200) from the test box (100); Filling the test box (100) with water, generating waves using a wave maker, performing a wave scour test, and collecting detection data fed back by the piezoelectric film sensor and the strain gauge (610); After the test is completed, the soil in the test box (100) is removed and cleaned, and the tunnel model (520), the piezoelectric film sensor, and the strain gauge (610) are recovered.

Images