A renewable seepage irrigation planting system for steep rock slopes

Abstract

This invention provides a renewable seepage irrigation planting system for steep rock slopes, belonging to the field of planting technology for steep rock slopes. The seepage irrigation system includes stepped planting troughs and an automatic seepage irrigation and regeneration slope for vegetation. These troughs and slopes are spaced apart on the steep rock slope, with the slopes located on the inner and outer sides of the planting troughs. A sponge-like structure at the bottom of the planting troughs stores precipitation and water for planting plants in the upper soil layer. The stored water is continuously seeped into the automatic seepage irrigation and regeneration slope for planting climbing plants. The stepped planting troughs automatically store water resources from precipitation, supplying water not only to the plants in the troughs but also continuously to the automatic seepage irrigation and regeneration slope, achieving a systematic seepage irrigation of the entire rock slope from top to bottom, enabling plant growth on the steep rock slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of planting technology for steep rock slopes, and more particularly to a renewable seepage irrigation planting system for steep rock slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, commonly used greening methods for rock slopes both domestically and internationally include hydroseeding, vegetation strips (pots, bags), three-dimensional grid methods, concrete frame beam methods, thick substrate spraying with vegetation, vegetation concrete greening, fish-scale pit excavation technology, planting trough technology, and climbing plant greening. These can be divided into two categories: hydroseeding and climbing vegetation methods. Hydroseeding is only suitable for slopes with a gradient of less than 60 degrees, and it is expensive, has high maintenance costs, is difficult to fix the substrate, and the vegetation is not drought-tolerant and suffers from poor soil conditions, resulting in insufficient water and fertilizer supply and unreliable long-term greening effects. While climbing vegetation methods offer better vertical greening effects, they face the problem of not being evergreen, and their early results are poor, resulting in a monotonous landscape and lack of depth; therefore, they are mainly used for vertical greening in some cities.

[0003] In cases of steep rock slopes (slope > 60 degrees, height > 30m), there are currently no corresponding greening methods. The method of adding topsoil is difficult due to the challenges of fixing and maintaining the substrate and soil, making greening construction extremely difficult. Both methods face problems such as weak plant vitality, difficulty in growth, and insufficient water and fertilizer for vegetation, making it difficult to maintain the greening effect on the slope, let alone achieve ecological restoration. At present, the greening effect on steep rock slopes is poor, and the greening effect is essentially impossible to maintain.

[0004] Chinese patent CN104255280A discloses a method for planting vegetation on steep rocky slopes. The method includes the steps of: chiseling several planting holes on the slope surface; drilling several root holes at the bottom of the planting holes; after drilling the root holes, water is poured into the planting holes and root holes; after the water has evaporated, clay and water are mixed to form a slurry, which is then poured into the root holes, and a layer of slurry is applied to the inner wall of the planting hole; in the planting hole, a water storage layer, a nutrient soil layer, a seed layer, and an anti-evaporation layer are filled sequentially from bottom to top. This method for planting vegetation on steep rocky slopes solves the problem of vegetation moisture, increases the survival rate of vegetation, and reduces maintenance costs. However, the revegetation effect on steep rocky slopes is low, requiring the digging of pits on the slope, which is costly, and subsequent maintenance is difficult and costly. Plants often die due to lack of water. Therefore, a renewable seepage irrigation planting system for steep rocky slopes needs to be designed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a renewable seepage irrigation planting system for steep rock slopes, which solves the technical problem that existing planting systems for steep rock slopes cannot utilize renewable seepage irrigation from atmospheric precipitation, making plants prone to water shortage and death.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A renewable seepage irrigation planting system for steep rock slopes includes stepped planting troughs and automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes. The stepped planting troughs and automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes are spaced apart on the steep rock slopes. The automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes are located inside the stepped planting troughs. The stepped planting troughs are used to store water and plant plants, and continuously irrigate the automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes with the stored water. The automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes are used to plant climbing plants and continuously supply the plants with water and growth substrate.

[0008] Furthermore, the stepped planting trough is equipped with a sealing wall, planting soil, a sponge body, and recessed pits. The recessed pits are located at the bottom of the sponge body and are filled with sponge body. Planting soil is placed on top of the sponge body, and a sealing wall is set on the outside of the planting soil. If there are cracks in the stepped planting trough, recessed pits are set at the cracks, located at the bottom of the sponge body. If there are no cracks, no recessed pits are set.

[0009] Furthermore, several seepage holes are provided at the bottom of the sealing wall. These seepage holes connect the concave pit to the upper end of the automatic vegetation seepage irrigation regeneration slope, allowing the water stored in the concave pit to continuously seep into and irrigate the automatic vegetation seepage irrigation regeneration slope.

[0010] Furthermore, the planting soil is designed to be high on both sides and low in the middle, with trees planted on the upper part of the planting soil in the concave pit, and climbing plants planted on the remaining planting soil.

[0011] Furthermore, the concave pit is set at the location of rock fissures or rock mass fractures, and the sponge (5) includes a permeable geotextile and a gravel layer, with the permeable geotextile set at the upper end of the gravel layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the vegetation-automated drip irrigation regeneration slope includes a renewable drip irrigation layer and a plant fiber net. The renewable drip irrigation layer is set on the sloping rock slope, and the plant fiber net is set on the renewable drip irrigation layer. Both the renewable drip irrigation layer and the plant fiber net are fixed with swelling. The plant fiber net includes a growth substrate and grass seeds.

[0013] Furthermore, the renewable seepage irrigation layer serves as a growth-supporting layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the construction process of the drip irrigation planting system is as follows: 50cm×50cm×30cm planting pits are excavated at locations with developed fissures or fractured rock using a handheld pneumatic pick, with a spacing of 1000cm between planting pits. Stainless steel expansion nails are drilled and installed at the corresponding slope below the planting pits as required. A planting trough is formed by constructing a sealing wall using rubble and cement mortar, and seepage holes are reserved on the outside of the planting pits as required. The rubble is crushed into 20mm sizes using a crusher and backfilled, forming a 30cm thick layer of gravel in the trough. Gravel is used to backfill the planting pits with gravel to promote growth. The slope is watered and the slope vegetation is laid and fixed. Geotextile is laid on the gravel layer, and then planting soil is backfilled. Trees, bougainvillea, and climbing plants are planted in the excavated pits, and mixed seeds are sown.

[0015] Furthermore, the renewable seepage irrigation planting system extends from the mountaintop to the slope and then to the bottom slope, forming a unified system from top to bottom. The stepped planting troughs and the vegetation automatic seepage irrigation and regeneration slope connect the slope from top to bottom into a unified whole, and connect with the surrounding natural mountain to form an atmospheric precipitation slope flow system, thereby achieving renewable seepage irrigation. It simulates the principle of natural mountain vegetation based on the natural law of atmospheric precipitation circulation seepage irrigation. Except for the seepage irrigation during the early planting period, renewable seepage irrigation is achieved by storing atmospheric precipitation during other periods.

[0016] The present invention, by adopting the above-described technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The stepped planting trough of this invention can automatically store water resources, supply water to the plants on the stepped planting trough, and continuously supply water to the vegetation regeneration slope through automatic seepage irrigation, so that plants can grow on steep rock slopes, realize the automatic recycling of water resources, realize the water resource utilization process of simulated ecological environment, and enable trees to take root on rock slopes with fissures, and also allow herbaceous plants to take root on the slope. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the renewable seepage irrigation and planting system for steep rock slopes according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the edge-sealing wall of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the renewable seepage irrigation layer structure of the present invention.

[0021] In the attached diagram, 1-climbing plant, 2-tree, 3-edge sealing wall, 4-planting soil, 5-sponge body, 6-indentation pit, 7-rock fissure, 8-expansion hook, 9-renewable seepage irrigation layer, 10-plant fiber net, 11-seepage hole, 12-growth-supporting cover. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are merely to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0023] Referring to the characteristics of the original mountain vegetation ecosystem (the vegetation coverage of limestone mountains in Guangxi is relatively high, except for some areas such as steep cliffs), and considering the systemic and holistic aspects, the steep rock slopes formed by mountain cutting have altered the mountain vegetation system, mainly in terms of the mountain surface structure and atmospheric precipitation storage and runoff patterns.

[0024] Based on the characteristics of the rock surface where the vegetation roots are located and the natural infiltration of atmospheric precipitation, the root production layer of vegetation is selected according to local conditions, choosing areas with more developed fissures; the natural infiltration of atmospheric precipitation is based on the characteristics of the mountain morphology, connecting the steep rock slopes with the original mountain into an atmospheric precipitation drainage system, and using sponge-like structures + infiltration irrigation to help vegetation store and slow down rainfall runoff on the steep rock slope surface to achieve a vegetation growth environment close to the original mountain.

[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a renewable seepage irrigation planting system for steep rock slopes includes stepped planting troughs and automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes. The stepped planting troughs and automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes are spaced apart on the steep rock slopes. The automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes are located inside the stepped planting troughs. The stepped planting troughs are used to store water and plant plants, and continuously irrigate the automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes with the stored water. The automatically seepage irrigation regeneration slopes are used to plant climbing plants and continuously supply the plants with water and growth substrate.

[0026] By slowing down the runoff of atmospheric precipitation and converting it into infiltration as much as possible, water can be retained for a longer period of time, waiting for the next rain. With the changing seasons, this can achieve cyclical and renewable seepage irrigation.

[0027] For example, imagine a mountain. If a whole slope were peeled off, before this system was installed, rainwater would flow from the top of the mountain to the bottom when it rained. After installing this system, the rainwater slowly seeps downwards. It doesn't run away by trickling, but rather by infiltration, thanks to the renewable infiltration layer 9. The water seeps from the top down to the foot of the mountain, protecting the rainwater and preventing rapid runoff. It utilizes atmospheric precipitation, demonstrating its renewable nature, rather than the water simply flowing downhill from the mountaintop to the slope. It creates a unified whole; if there are other mountains nearby, it can be connected to them.

[0028] The inner side of the stepped planting trough is a slope, and the bottom of the trough is a stepped slope. The outer side of the trough is sealed with rubble masonry. M7.5 cement mortar is used, and the rubble is reserved at the steps during the slope excavation. 50cm×30cm planting pits are excavated in areas with developed fissures or broken rock mass. The planting pits are spaced 1000cm apart, and seepage holes are reserved at the edge sealing wall. The cross-sectional parameters of the seepage holes are 20cm×5cm.

[0029] Vertical structure within the planting trough (from top to bottom): The planting soil is 40cm thick on both sides and 20cm thick in the middle, with higher sides and lower middle; permeable geotextile separates the upper planting soil from the lower gravel (sponge); the limestone gravel has a particle size of 20mm to 50mm and a thickness of 30cm, and the gravel is self-made by leaving it on the steps during slope excavation; in areas with developed fissures or fractured rock, the upper planting soil of the planting pit is 55cm thick and the bottom gravel is 35cm thick, with permeable geotextile separating the two.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, the stepped planting trough is provided with a sealing wall 3, planting soil 4, a sponge body 5 and an inner pit 6. The inner pit 6 is located at the bottom of the sponge body 5 and is filled with the sponge body 5. The planting soil 4 is placed on the sponge body 5 and the sealing wall 3 is placed on the outside of the planting soil 4.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the sealing wall 3 is provided with a plurality of seepage holes 11, which connect the concave pit 6 to the upper end of the automatic vegetation seepage irrigation regeneration slope, and are used to continuously seep water stored in the concave pit 6 to irrigate the automatic vegetation seepage irrigation regeneration slope.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, the planting soil 4 is configured to be high on both sides and low in the middle, with trees 2 planted on the upper part of the planting soil 4 of the concave pit 6, and climbing plants 1 planted on the remaining planting soil 4.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, the concave pit 6 is located at the site of rock fissures or broken rock mass, and the sponge body 5 includes a permeable geotextile and a gravel layer, with the permeable geotextile located at the upper end of the gravel layer. The stepped planting trough can automatically store water resources, providing water not only for the plants on the stepped planting trough but also for the continuous water supply to the vegetation's automatic seepage irrigation and regeneration slope, enabling plants to grow on steep rock slopes and achieving automatic water recycling. This simulates the water resource utilization process of an ecological environment, allowing trees to take root on the fissured rock slopes and also providing a place for herbaceous plants to take root on the slopes.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, the vegetation automatic seepage irrigation regeneration slope includes a renewable seepage irrigation layer 9 and a plant fiber net 10. The renewable seepage irrigation layer 9 is set on an inclined rock slope, and the plant fiber net 10 is set on the renewable seepage irrigation layer 9. Both the renewable seepage irrigation layer 9 and the plant fiber net 10 are fixed with a swell 8. The plant fiber net 10 includes a growth substrate and grass seeds.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the renewable seepage layer 9 is a growth-supporting blanket 12, and the upper end of the growth-supporting blanket (12) is connected to several seepage holes 11, so as to realize the slow infiltration of rainwater.

[0036] At the reserved seepage inlet, a seepage irrigation mat and a plant fiber net containing growth substrate and herbaceous seeds are laid along the slope fissures or rock fracture zone below to construct a renewable seepage irrigation vegetation. The upper end is connected to the step gravel (sponge body) through seepage holes by trimming and wrapping the crushed stone to form a seepage irrigation system, providing a renewable water source for the slope vegetation.

[0037] (2) The growing aid is 12m×2m in size. The top is connected to the planting pit through a drainage outlet, and the bottom is compacted with planting soil. On the slope, stainless steel expansion hooks are used at 1m intervals in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. The stainless steel expansion hooks are of type 304M10, with the following specifications: total length 120mm, sleeve diameter 12mm, and anchoring depth 50mm. After drilling holes with a diameter of 12mm and a depth of 50mm using an electric drill, stainless steel expansion nails are installed.

[0038] 4. Plant in the backfilled planting troughs. Plant climbing plants such as Virginia creeper and bougainvillea on the inner and outer sides. Plant small-leaved banyan or local mountain trees in the planting pits with developed fissures or broken rock. Sow flower seeds in the rest. Specifically: (1) Plant Virginia creeper on the inner and outer sides at a ratio of 4 plants / m; (2) Plant small-leaved banyan or local mountain trees in the fissures at a ratio of about 1 plant / 10m; (3) Plant two rows of bougainvillea at a ratio of 2 plants / 10m; (4) Sow some Bermuda grass + Zoysia japonica + wild chrysanthemum + dandelion seeds (1 / 4 each) in the soil of the steps, with a seed content of 20g / m2.

[0039] The construction process of the drip irrigation planting system is as follows: 50cm×50cm×30cm planting pits are dug using a handheld pneumatic pick at areas with developed fissures or fractured rock. The planting pits are spaced 1000cm apart. Stainless steel expansion nails are drilled and installed on the corresponding slope below the planting pits as required. A planting trough is formed by constructing a sealing wall using rubble and cement mortar. Drainage holes are reserved on the outside of the planting pits as required. The rubble is crushed into 20mm pieces using a crusher and backfilled, forming a 30cm thick layer of gravel in the trough. Gravel is then used to backfill the planting pits with gravel-supported vegetation. The slope is watered and the slope vegetation is laid and fixed. Geotextile is laid on the gravel layer, and then planting soil is backfilled. Trees, bougainvillea, and climbing plants are planted in the pits, and mixed seeds are sown.

[0040] The infiltration irrigation system comprises stepped planting troughs and automatically irrigated vegetation regeneration slopes. These troughs and slopes are spaced apart on steep rock slopes. The slopes are positioned inside and outside the planting troughs. A sponge-like structure at the bottom of the planting troughs stores precipitation and water for planting in the upper soil layer. The stored water is then continuously infiltrated into the automatically irrigated slopes, which are used to plant climbing plants. The stepped planting troughs automatically store precipitation, supplying water not only to the plants in the troughs but also to the automatically irrigated slopes. This systematic infiltration of precipitation from top to bottom across the entire rock slope allows for plant growth, mimicking the natural process of precipitation utilization in mountain vegetation. Furthermore, it provides a rooting environment for trees and herbaceous plants in areas with well-developed fissures on the rock slope, thus restoring the damaged mountain ecosystem.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A renewable seepage irrigation planting system for steep rock slopes, characterized in that: The step planting groove and the vegetation automatic irrigation and regeneration slope are arranged on the high and steep rock slope, the vegetation automatic irrigation and regeneration slope is arranged on the inner side of the step planting groove, the step planting groove is used for storing water and planting plants, and the stored water is continuously irrigated to the vegetation automatic irrigation and regeneration slope, and the vegetation automatic irrigation and regeneration slope is used for planting climbing plants and continuously supplying water and growth substrate to the plants; The step planting groove is provided with an edge sealing wall (3), planting soil (4), a sponge body (5) and an inner recess (6), the inner recess (6) is arranged at the bottom of the sponge body (5), the inner recess (6) is filled with the sponge body (5), the sponge body (5) is provided with the planting soil (4), and the outer side of the planting soil (4) is provided with the edge sealing wall (3); The bottom of the edge sealing wall (3) is provided with a plurality of water seepage holes (11), the water seepage holes (11) are communicated between the inner recess (6) and the upper end of the vegetation automatic irrigation and regeneration slope, and are used for continuously seeping and irrigating the vegetation automatic irrigation and regeneration slope with the water stored in the inner recess (6); The planting soil (4) is arranged to be high at both sides and low in the middle, trees (2) are planted on the planting soil (4) at the upper end of the inner recess (6), and climbing plants (1) are planted on the remaining planting soil (4); The inner recess (6) is arranged at a rock fissure development or rock mass crushing position, the sponge body (5) comprises a permeable geotextile and a gravel layer, and the permeable geotextile is arranged at the upper end of the gravel layer; The vegetation automatic irrigation and regeneration slope comprises a renewable seepage irrigation layer (9) and a plant fiber net (10), the renewable seepage irrigation layer (9) is arranged on the inclined rock slope, the plant fiber net (10) is arranged on the renewable seepage irrigation layer (9), the renewable seepage irrigation layer (9) and the plant fiber net (10) are fixed by using the expansion (8), and the plant fiber net (10) comprises growth substrate and grass seeds; The renewable seepage irrigation layer (9) comprises a communication pipe network (13) and a growth aid (12), the water inlet end of the communication pipe network (13) is communicated with the water seepage hole (11), and each branch network of the communication pipe network (13) is connected with the growth aid (12); The construction process of the seepage irrigation planting system is as follows: a 50cm*50cm*30cm planting pit is excavated at a fissure development or rock mass crushing position by using a handheld air pick, the planting pit spacing is 1000cm, a hole is punched and a stainless steel expansion nail is installed at the slope below the planting pit according to requirements, a planting groove is formed by using rubble and cement mortar to repair the edge sealing wall, a water seepage hole is reserved on the outer side of the planting pit according to requirements, the rubble is broken into 20mm specifications by using a crusher and backfilled, a 30cm thick gravel layer is formed in the groove, the growth aid is pressed in the planting pit by using the gravel, the slope is watered and the slope growth aid is laid and fixed, the geotextile is laid on the gravel layer, then the planting soil is backfilled, the soil pit is planted with trees, triangle plum and climbing plants, and the mixed seeds are sowed.

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