Controllable air selection and grinding device and method for analyzing components of fruit trees

Abstract

The application discloses a controllable air selection and grinding device for fruit tree component analysis, which comprises a shell, a first partition plate, a second partition plate, a grinding mechanism, a controllable air selection mechanism, a recycling mechanism, a hopper and a controller. The application also discloses a controllable air selection method, which comprises the steps of grinding and controllable air selection. The application relates to the technical field of fruit tree leaf component analysis devices, and provides convenient conditions for fruit tree leaf component analysis by setting controllable air selection conditions to realize screening of leaf powder with required fineness on the basis of grinding fruit tree leaves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree leaf component analysis devices, specifically relating to a controllable air-separation grinding device and method for fruit tree component analysis. Background Technology

[0002] The compositional analysis of fruit trees involves analyzing the trace elements and nutrients contained in the fruit trees. For example, the analysis of fruit tree leaves often requires the use of grinding equipment. For instance, the leaves are ground into powder to a certain fineness before analytical experiments can be conducted on the powder.

[0003] Current methods for grinding fruit tree leaves primarily rely on manual grinding. This manual grinding is inefficient and incomplete, failing to fully crush leaves and stems into powder, thus affecting the accuracy of final component analysis. Existing patent literature describes grinding devices that first grind the material into powder and then sieve it manually or mechanically to obtain the desired fineness. Other methods involve air separation to separate large and small particles. The latter often relies on controlling wind speed, but this method is ineffective because wind speed is affected by various factors and is highly variable. Therefore, it cannot be evenly applied to the material to be separated, resulting in uneven powder fineness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention discloses a controllable air-separation grinding device and method for fruit tree component analysis. The purpose is to achieve the required fineness of leaf powder screening by setting controllable air-separation conditions based on the grinding of fruit tree leaves, thereby providing convenient conditions for the component analysis of fruit tree leaves.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A controllable air-separation grinding device for fruit tree component analysis includes a shell, a first partition, a second partition, a grinding mechanism, a controllable air-separation mechanism, a recovery mechanism, a hopper, and a controller. The shell is divided into a working area and a recovery area by the first partition. The recovery mechanism is located in the recovery area. The working area is divided into a lower grinding area and an upper flow area by the second partition. Ventilation openings are provided on the partition corresponding to the flow area. The grinding area houses the grinding mechanism. The controllable air-separation mechanism includes a fan, a pressurized air supply device, an exhaust pipe, and a pressure sensor. The fan is installed on the outer wall of the flow area away from the ventilation openings. The air outlet of the machine penetrates the inner wall of the housing and communicates with the circulation area. The pressurized air supply device is located at the bottom of the housing and connected to the grinding mechanism. The exhaust pipes are evenly distributed on the second partition. The pressure sensor is located in the grinding area. A hopper is installed on the outer wall of the housing. The hopper is connected to the grinding mechanism through a chute. The chute and the exhaust pipe are respectively equipped with a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve. The controller is configured to control the fan, the pressurized air supply device, the grinding mechanism, the first solenoid valve, and the second solenoid valve. The pressure sensor is connected to the controller via a wire. The controller is also electrically connected to a power supply and a control panel.

[0007] Preferably, the grinding mechanism includes a cylindrical grinding head, a grinding groove located below the grinding head and used in conjunction with the grinding head, a drive motor located above the grinding head, the output axis of the drive motor extending downward and coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the grinding head, a plurality of first grooves penetrating the upper and lower end faces evenly distributed around the axis on the outer surface of the sidewall of the grinding head, a plurality of second grooves penetrating the outer surface of the sidewall evenly distributed radially at the lower end of the grinding head, the ends of the plurality of second grooves facing the axis of the grinding head being interconnected and forming a connecting area, the second grooves corresponding one-to-one with the first grooves, the outer end of the corresponding second groove intersecting the bottom end of the first groove, the pressurized air supply device being fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom end of the housing, a vent pipe penetrating the lower surface of the housing located below the connecting area being provided at the bottom end of the housing, the vent pipe being connected to the output end of the pressurized air supply device, the vent pipe being provided with a third solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve being electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure sensor is fixed on the inner wall of the grinding zone and used to monitor the gas pressure in the grinding zone; the exhaust pipes are evenly distributed in an array on the second partition; and the second solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller via a wire.

[0009] Preferably, the hopper is fixed to the outer surface of the shell by a connector, the bottom end of the hopper is connected to a chute that penetrates the side wall of the shell, the first solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller by a wire, a frustum-shaped guide surface is connected between the outer surface of the output shaft of the drive motor and the upper surface of the grinding head, the outlet of the chute is opposite to the guide surface, and the outer wall surface of the grinding head is clearance-fitted with the inner wall surface of the grinding groove.

[0010] Preferably, the recycling mechanism includes a settling plate located at the upper end of the recycling area for settling dust. The settling plate is inclined upwards away from the vent and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first partition and the inner surface of the shell. A number of leakage holes are evenly distributed on the settling plate. A recycling bin is formed below the settling plate. A discharge pipe is connected to the bottom end of the recycling bin, and the discharge pipe is equipped with a valve.

[0011] Preferably, the top wall of the recycling area above the settling plate is also equipped with a filter screen for trapping leaf dust.

[0012] A controllable air separation method, employing a controllable air separation and grinding device for fruit tree component analysis, includes the following steps:

[0013] A. Place the blades into the hopper and feed them onto the guide surface through the chute. Start the drive motor. As the guide surface rotates, the blades are evenly distributed and ground by the grinding head. After a certain amount of blades are fed in, close the first solenoid valve.

[0014] B. After grinding for the set time, open the third solenoid valve and the pressurized air supply device to input pressurized air into the grinding zone until the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor reaches the set standard. During the input of pressurized air, the pressurized air carries the dust from the blade grinding upwards through the second and first grooves. Close the third solenoid valve and maintain the set standard pressure value in the grinding zone for a certain period of time to stabilize the environmental state in the grinding zone. Open the second solenoid valve to allow several exhaust pipes to exhaust simultaneously. After the set time or the pressure sensor value drops to the set pressure value, close several second solenoid valves simultaneously and open the third solenoid valve to supply pressurized air through the pressurized air supply device. Pressurized air is repeatedly input into the grinding zone until the pressure sensor detects the set standard. The above steps are repeated to exhaust the air repeatedly. During the exhaust process, the internal environment of the grinding zone is stable, that is, the pressure value in the grinding zone is consistent during exhaust. Due to the uniform distribution of the exhaust pipes and the uniform exhaust time, and due to the uniform distribution of the second groove and the first groove, that is, the channel for dust to rise is evenly distributed, the exhaust has a stable and balanced effect on the dust in the grinding zone. Through the exhaust, some dust is driven away from the grinding zone and enters the circulation zone. At this time, the fan is turned on, and the fan blows the air containing leaf dust into the recovery zone, where it is collected and recovered by the settling plate.

[0015] C. Change the following processing parameters respectively: set standard pressure value, set pressure value, set grinding time, time to maintain the set standard pressure value in the grinding zone, set time for simultaneous exhaust from several exhaust pipes or the set pressure value to which the pressure sensor value decreases. Repeat steps A and B. Under the same feed amount and type, test the fineness of the obtained leaf powder. Based on the test results, obtain the correspondence between the fineness of the leaf powder and the processing parameters. In the subsequent grinding air selection, select and set the corresponding processing parameters through the control panel according to the required fineness of the leaf powder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the controllable air-separation grinding device and method for fruit tree component analysis of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention grinds and pulverizes fruit tree leaves using a grinding head, and then uses a controllable air-separation mechanism to separate the leaf powder. Because the air-separation conditions are stable and controllable, the desired fineness of the leaf powder can be obtained by setting certain processing parameters. The fineness of the obtained leaf powder can be changed by altering these parameters. For example, when the exhaust pressure increases, the amount and size of powder particles carried by the airflow increase. Therefore, leaf powder of a certain size and smaller is easily carried into the flow zone, while larger particles remain in the grinding zone. For instance, increasing the time the standard pressure value is maintained in the grinding zone will cause larger particles within a certain size range to settle during that time. During exhaust, smaller particles suspended in the air are discharged. Similarly, this invention controls the fineness of the leaf powder by controlling various processing parameters in the leaf grinding and pulverization process. Experimental verification establishes a correspondence between different leaf powder finenesses and processing parameters, thus achieving controllability of the processing process and the fineness of the obtained leaf powder. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A front view schematic diagram of the grinding head of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A bottom view of the grinding head of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 A top view of the second partition of the present invention;

[0022] 1. Shell; 1-1. Working area; 1-1-1. Flow area; 1-1-2. Grinding area; 1-2. Recycling area; 2. First partition; 3. Second partition; 4. Grinding tank; 5. Grinding head; 5-1. First groove; 5-2. Second groove; 5-3. Connecting area; 6. Guide surface; 7. Drive motor; 8. Pressurized air supply device; 9. Vent pipe; 10. Exhaust pipe; 11. Second solenoid valve; 12. Fan; 13. Vent; 14. Settling plate; 15. Leakage hole; 16. Recycling bin; 17. Discharge pipe; 18. Valve; 19. Pressure sensor; 20. Controller; 21. Hopper; 22. Chute; 23. First solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A controllable air-separation grinding device for fruit tree component analysis, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the device includes a housing 1, a first partition 2, a second partition 3, a grinding mechanism, a controllable air separation mechanism, a recycling mechanism, a hopper 21, and a controller 20. The housing 1 is divided into a working area 1-1 and a recycling area 1-2 by the first partition 2. The recycling mechanism is located in the recycling area. The working area is divided into a lower grinding area 1-1-2 and an upper circulation area 1-1-1 by the second partition 3. Ventilation openings 13 are provided on the partition corresponding to the circulation area. The grinding area 1-1-2 is equipped with a grinding mechanism. The controllable air separation mechanism includes a fan 12, a pressurized air supply device 8, an exhaust pipe 10, and a pressure sensor 19. The fan 12 is installed on the outer wall of the circulation area on the side away from the ventilation openings 13. The fan's outlet... The pressure air supply device is located at the bottom of the housing 1 and connected to the grinding mechanism. The exhaust pipe is evenly distributed on the second partition 3. The pressure sensor 19 is located in the grinding area. A hopper 21 is installed on the outer wall of the housing 1. The hopper is connected to the grinding mechanism through a chute 22. The chute 22 and the exhaust pipe 10 are respectively equipped with a first solenoid valve 23 and a second solenoid valve 11. The controller 20 is configured to control the fan 12, the pressure air supply device 8, the grinding mechanism, the first solenoid valve 23, and the second solenoid valve 11. The pressure sensor 19 is connected to the controller 20 via a wire. The controller 20 is also electrically connected to a power supply and a control panel (not shown in the figure).

[0026] like Figure 1-3As shown, the grinding mechanism includes a cylindrical grinding head 5 and a grinding groove 4 located below the grinding head 5 and used in conjunction with the grinding head. A drive motor 7 is located above the grinding head 5. The output axis of the drive motor 7 extends downward and is coaxially and fixedly connected to the top of the grinding head 5. Several first grooves 5-1 penetrating the upper and lower end faces are evenly distributed around the axis on the outer surface of the side wall of the grinding head 5. Several second grooves 5-2 penetrating the outer surface of the side wall are evenly distributed radially at the lower end of the grinding head. The ends of the several second grooves facing the axis of the grinding head are interconnected and form a connecting area 5-3. The second grooves correspond one-to-one with the first grooves. The outer end of the corresponding second groove intersects with the bottom end of the first groove. The pressurized air supply device 8 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom end of the housing 1. A vent pipe 9 penetrating the lower surface of the housing is located at the bottom end of the housing below the connecting area. The vent pipe 9 is connected to the output end of the pressurized air supply device 8. The vent pipe 9 is equipped with a third solenoid valve (not shown in the figure). The third solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller 20.

[0027] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown, the pressure sensor 19 is fixed on the inner wall of the grinding zone and is used to monitor the gas pressure in the grinding zone. The exhaust pipes 10 are evenly distributed in an array on the second partition 3. The second solenoid valve 11 is electrically connected to the controller 20 through a wire.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the hopper 21 is fixed to the outer surface of the housing 1 by a connector. The bottom end of the hopper 21 is connected to a chute 22 that penetrates the side wall of the housing 1. The first solenoid valve 23 is electrically connected to the controller 20 by a wire. A frustum-shaped guide surface 6 is also connected between the outer surface of the output shaft of the drive motor 7 and the upper surface of the grinding head. The outlet of the chute 22 is opposite to the guide surface 6. The outer wall surface of the grinding head 5 is in clearance fit with the inner wall surface of the grinding groove.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the recycling mechanism includes a settling plate 14 located at the upper end of the recycling area for settling dust. The settling plate 14 is inclined upwards away from the vent and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first partition and the inner surface of the shell. A plurality of leakage holes 15 are evenly distributed on the settling plate. A recycling bin 16 is formed below the settling plate. The bottom end of the recycling bin is connected to a discharge pipe 17, and the discharge pipe is equipped with a valve 18.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the top wall of the recycling area above the settling plate is also equipped with a filter screen (not shown in the figure) to trap leaf dust.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] Based on Example 1, this example discloses:

[0033] A controllable wind separation method, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the controlled air-classifying and grinding device for fruit tree component analysis includes the following steps:

[0034] A. Place the blades into the hopper and feed them onto the guide surface through the chute. Start the drive motor. As the guide surface rotates, the blades are evenly distributed and ground by the grinding head. After a certain amount of blades are fed in, close the first solenoid valve.

[0035] B. After grinding for the set time, open the third solenoid valve and the pressurized air supply device to input pressurized air into the grinding zone until the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor reaches the set standard. During the input of pressurized air, the pressurized air carries the dust from the blade grinding upwards through the second and first grooves. Close the third solenoid valve and maintain the set standard pressure value in the grinding zone for a certain period of time to stabilize the environmental state in the grinding zone. Open the second solenoid valve to allow several exhaust pipes to exhaust simultaneously. After the set time or the pressure sensor value drops to the set pressure value, close several second solenoid valves simultaneously and open the third solenoid valve to supply pressurized air through the pressurized air supply device. Pressurized air is repeatedly input into the grinding zone until the pressure sensor detects the set standard. The above steps are repeated to exhaust the air repeatedly. During the exhaust process, the internal environment of the grinding zone is stable, that is, the pressure value in the grinding zone is consistent during exhaust. Due to the uniform distribution of the exhaust pipes and the uniform exhaust time, and due to the uniform distribution of the second groove and the first groove, that is, the channel for dust to rise is evenly distributed, the exhaust has a stable and balanced effect on the dust in the grinding zone. Through the exhaust, some dust is driven away from the grinding zone and enters the circulation zone. At this time, the fan is turned on, and the fan blows the air containing leaf dust into the recovery zone, where it is collected and recovered by the settling plate.

[0036] C. Change the following processing parameters respectively: set standard pressure value, set pressure value, set grinding time, time to maintain the set standard pressure value in the grinding zone, set time for simultaneous exhaust from several exhaust pipes or the set pressure value to which the pressure sensor value decreases. Repeat steps A and B. Under the same feed amount and type, test the fineness of the obtained leaf powder. Based on the test results, obtain the correspondence between the fineness of the leaf powder and the processing parameters. In the subsequent grinding air selection, select and set the corresponding processing parameters through the control panel according to the required fineness of the leaf powder.

Claims

1. A controllable air-separation grinding device for fruit tree component analysis, characterized in that: The system includes a housing, a first partition, a second partition, a grinding mechanism, a controllable air separation mechanism, a recycling mechanism, a hopper, and a controller. The housing is divided into a working area and a recycling area by the first partition. The recycling mechanism is located within the recycling area. The working area is divided into a lower grinding area and an upper flow area by the second partition. Ventilation openings are provided on the partition corresponding to the flow area. The grinding area houses the grinding mechanism. The controllable air separation mechanism includes a fan, a pressurized air supply device, an exhaust pipe, and a pressure sensor. The fan is installed on the outer wall of the flow area away from the ventilation openings, and its outlet penetrates the housing. The inner wall is connected to the circulation area. The pressurized air supply device is located at the bottom of the shell and connected to the grinding mechanism. The exhaust pipe is evenly distributed on the second partition. The pressure sensor is located in the grinding area. A hopper is installed on the outer wall of the shell. The hopper is connected to the grinding mechanism through a chute. The chute and the exhaust pipe are respectively equipped with a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve. The controller is configured to control the fan, the pressurized air supply device, the grinding mechanism, the first solenoid valve, and the second solenoid valve. The pressure sensor is connected to the controller via a wire. The controller is also electrically connected to a power supply and a control panel. The grinding mechanism includes a cylindrical grinding head, a grinding groove located below the grinding head and used in conjunction with the grinding head, a drive motor located above the grinding head, the output axis of the drive motor extending downward and coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the grinding head, a plurality of first grooves penetrating the upper and lower end faces evenly distributed around the axis on the outer surface of the side wall of the grinding head, a plurality of second grooves penetrating the outer surface of the side wall evenly distributed radially at the lower end of the grinding head, the ends of the plurality of second grooves facing the axis of the grinding head being interconnected and forming a connecting area, the second grooves corresponding one-to-one with the first grooves, the outer end of the corresponding second groove intersecting the bottom end of the first groove, the pressurized air supply device being fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom end of the housing, a vent pipe penetrating the lower surface of the housing located below the connecting area being provided at the bottom end of the housing, the vent pipe being connected to the output end of the pressurized air supply device, the vent pipe being provided with a third solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve being electrically connected to the controller.

2. The controllable air-separation grinding device for fruit tree component analysis as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor is fixed on the inner wall of the grinding zone and is used to monitor the gas pressure in the grinding zone. The exhaust pipes are evenly distributed in an array on the second partition. The second solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller through a wire.

3. The controllable air-separation grinding device for fruit tree component analysis as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The hopper is fixed to the outer surface of the shell by a connector. The bottom end of the hopper is connected to a chute that penetrates the side wall of the shell. The first solenoid valve is electrically connected to the controller by a wire. A frustum-shaped guide surface is also connected between the outer surface of the output shaft of the drive motor and the upper surface of the grinding head. The outlet of the chute is opposite to the guide surface. The outer wall surface of the grinding head is clearance-fitted with the inner wall surface of the grinding groove.

4. The controllable air-separation grinding device for fruit tree component analysis as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The recycling mechanism includes a settling plate located at the upper end of the recycling area for settling dust. The settling plate is inclined upwards away from the vent and is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the first partition and the inner surface of the shell. Several leakage holes are evenly distributed on the settling plate. A recycling bin is formed below the settling plate. A discharge pipe is connected to the bottom end of the recycling bin, and the discharge pipe is equipped with a valve.

5. The controllable air-separation grinding device for fruit tree component analysis as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The top wall of the recycling area above the settling plate is also equipped with a filter screen to trap leaf dust.

6. A controllable wind separation method, characterized in that it adopts... The controllable air-separation grinding device for fruit tree component analysis as described in claim 5 includes the following steps: A. Place the blades into the hopper and feed them onto the guide surface through the chute. Start the drive motor. As the guide surface rotates, the blades are evenly distributed and ground by the grinding head. After a certain amount of blades are fed in, close the first solenoid valve. B. After grinding for the set time, open the third solenoid valve and the pressurized air supply device to input pressurized air into the grinding zone until the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor reaches the set standard. During the input of pressurized air, the pressurized air carries the dust from the blade grinding upwards through the second and first grooves. Close the third solenoid valve and maintain the set standard pressure value in the grinding zone for a certain period of time to stabilize the environmental state in the grinding zone. Open the second solenoid valve to allow several exhaust pipes to exhaust simultaneously. After the set time or the pressure sensor value drops to the set pressure value, close several second solenoid valves simultaneously and open the third solenoid valve to supply pressurized air through the pressurized air supply device. Pressurized air is repeatedly input into the grinding zone until the pressure sensor detects the set standard. The above steps are repeated to exhaust the air repeatedly. During the exhaust process, the internal environment of the grinding zone is stable, that is, the pressure value in the grinding zone is consistent during exhaust. Due to the uniform distribution of the exhaust pipes and the uniform exhaust time, and due to the uniform distribution of the second groove and the first groove, that is, the channel for dust to rise is evenly distributed, the exhaust has a stable and balanced effect on the dust in the grinding zone. Through the exhaust, some dust is driven away from the grinding zone and enters the circulation zone. At this time, the fan is turned on, and the fan blows the air containing leaf dust into the recovery zone, where it is collected and recovered by the settling plate. C. Change the following processing parameters respectively: set standard pressure value, set pressure value, set grinding time, time to maintain the set standard pressure value in the grinding zone, set time for simultaneous exhaust from several exhaust pipes or the set pressure value to which the pressure sensor value decreases. Repeat steps A and B. Under the same feed amount and type, test the fineness of the obtained leaf powder. Based on the test results, obtain the correspondence between the fineness of the leaf powder and the processing parameters. In the subsequent grinding air selection, select and set the corresponding processing parameters through the control panel according to the required fineness of the leaf powder.

Images