Soil and rock mass shearing test box

Abstract

The present application relates to geotechnical engineering technical field, specifically to a kind of soil and rock mass shear test box.The present application provides soil and rock mass shear test box, including shear box, including upper shear box and lower shear box;Supporting body is arranged between the upper shear box and the lower shear box, the supporting body is suitable for providing support for the upper shear box, pressure sensor is arranged on the supporting body, and the pressure sensor is suitable for obtaining the pressure that the supporting body is subjected to from the upper shear box.The present application provides soil and rock mass shear test box, and the upper shear box is supported by supporting body, and the pressure sensor on the supporting body can obtain the pressure that the supporting body is subjected to from the upper shear box, after knowing the loading setting value of vertical loading device, the mass of upper shear box, the reading of pressure sensor, the vertical pressure on the vertical shear surface of rock and soil sample is accurately obtained by calculation, and subsequent shear strength parameter calculation of soil sample is also more accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, specifically to a soil and rock shear test chamber. Background Technology

[0002] The direct shear test is a common method for determining the shear strength of soil. It measures the resistance of materials to shear force and is one of the fundamental testing methods for the mechanical properties of materials. The sample is placed in a shear clamp and cut under shear load. The frictional force and cohesion within the soil's shear strength parameters are then determined using Coulomb's law and the shear law. During the test, a vertical jack loads the soil in the upper shear box, while a horizontal thrust is applied to the lower shear box, causing the upper and lower shear boxes to move parallel to each other, ultimately shearing the soil sample.

[0003] In existing in-situ direct shear tests, the large shear size leads to significant friction between the soil sample side and the shear box. Furthermore, a portion of the weight of the upper shear box is transferred to the shear surface as a vertical load, resulting in an error between the actual vertical load transferred to the shear surface and the set value of the vertical jack. Consequently, the vertical load is not accurately obtained, making it impossible to accurately calculate the shear strength parameters of the soil sample. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art that the vertical load of the direct shear test is not accurately obtained, which leads to the inability to accurately calculate the shear strength parameters of the soil sample, thereby providing a soil and rock shear test box.

[0005] The soil and rock shear test chamber provided by this invention includes:

[0006] Clipping boxes, including upper clipping boxes and lower clipping boxes;

[0007] A support body is disposed between the upper shear box and the lower shear box. The support body is adapted to provide support for the upper shear box. A pressure sensor is disposed on the support body, and the pressure sensor is adapted to acquire the pressure on the support body from the upper shear box.

[0008] Optionally, the carrier is a rolling element.

[0009] Optionally, a stop structure is provided between the upper shear box and the lower shear box, the stop structure being adapted to prevent the rock and soil inside the shear box from contacting the rolling element.

[0010] Optionally, the stop structure includes a stop strip, and the upper shear box and / or the lower shear box are provided with a strip-shaped first sliding groove. The first sliding groove is disposed between the cavity of the shear box and the rolling element. The upper shear box is movable relative to the lower shear box in the extending direction of the first sliding groove. Along the relative moving direction of the upper shear box and the lower shear box, at least one end of the first sliding groove extends to the side end face of the upper shear box and / or the lower shear box. The stop strip is inserted into the first sliding groove and is movable relative to the first sliding groove when the upper shear box and the lower shear box move relative to each other.

[0011] Optionally, one end of the stop bar is fixed to one of the upper shear box and the lower shear box, the other of the upper shear box and the lower shear box is provided with the first sliding groove, and the other end of the stop bar is inserted into the first sliding groove.

[0012] Optionally, the stop strip is made of rubber.

[0013] Optionally, the rolling element is a roller, and the pressure sensor is provided at the end of the roller.

[0014] Optionally, the pressure sensor is a bidirectional strain gauge, which is disposed at the middle position of the roller end face. The bidirectional strain gauge includes a first strain gauge and a second strain gauge, and the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge are disposed perpendicular to each other.

[0015] Optionally, the upper shear box and / or the lower shear box are provided with strip-shaped second sliding grooves. The total number of second sliding grooves provided on the upper shear box and the lower shear box is not less than two. All the second sliding grooves are arranged parallel to each other. The roller is placed in the second sliding groove and is adapted to roll along the extension direction of the second sliding groove.

[0016] Optionally, the second groove extends through the upper shear box and / or the lower shear box in the extending direction.

[0017] Optionally, the second groove is disposed on the end face of the lower shear box facing the upper shear box.

[0018] Optionally, at least one of the second grooves is provided with at least two rollers.

[0019] Optionally, a separator is provided between the rollers in the same second groove, the separator being adapted to separate two adjacent rollers, and the separator being detachably connected to the shear box.

[0020] Optionally, the separator is a separator bar with a protrusion that is adapted to engage between two adjacent rollers.

[0021] Optionally, the separator strip is provided with at least two of the protrusions, which are arranged at equal intervals.

[0022] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. The soil and rock shear test chamber provided by this invention has a support body placed between an upper shear chamber and a lower shear chamber. The support body provides support for the upper shear chamber. A pressure sensor is installed on the support body, which can acquire the pressure on the support body from the upper shear chamber. When the vertical loading device loads the soil and rock sample in the shear chamber, the side of the soil and rock sample in the upper shear chamber rubs against the inner wall of the upper shear chamber. The upper shear chamber is supported by the support body. The pressure sensor on the support body can acquire the pressure on the support body from the upper shear chamber. After knowing the loading setting value of the vertical loading device, the mass of the upper shear chamber, and the reading of the pressure sensor, the vertical pressure loaded on the direct shear shear surface of the soil and rock sample can be accurately calculated. The subsequent calculation of the shear strength parameters of the soil sample is also more accurate and reliable.

[0024] 2. The soil and rock shear test box provided by the present invention uses rolling elements to support the upper shear box. The friction between the upper and lower shear boxes is rolling friction, which has a small rolling friction force. The actual horizontal load on the soil sample shear surface has a small error compared with the loading setting value of the horizontal loading device, and the subsequent calculation of the shear strength parameters of the soil sample is more accurate and reliable.

[0025] 3. The soil and rock shear test box provided by the present invention has a stop structure that can prevent the soil and rock inside the shear box from contacting the rolling element, ensuring that the rolling element can roll smoothly and continuously, and reducing the rolling friction between the upper and lower shear boxes.

[0026] 4. The soil and rock shear test box provided by the present invention has one end of the stop bar fixed to one of the upper shear box and the lower shear box, and the other of the upper shear box and the lower shear box is provided with a first sliding groove. The other end of the stop bar is inserted into the first sliding groove. When the upper shear box and the lower shear box move relative to each other, the stop bar can move relative to the first sliding groove synchronously, which can reliably prevent the soil and rock in the shear box from contacting the rolling body.

[0027] 5. The soil and rock shear test box provided by the present invention uses a bidirectional strain gauge as the pressure sensor. The bidirectional strain gauge is set at the middle position of the roller end face. The first strain gauge and the second strain gauge of the bidirectional strain gauge are perpendicular to each other. The strain data obtained by the cooperation of the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge can more accurately determine the pressure value of the roller.

[0028] 6. The soil and rock shear test box provided by the present invention has a separator between the rollers in the same second chute. The separator can separate two adjacent rollers. The separator is detachably connected to the shear box. When the direct shear test begins, the separator is removed. The separator can prevent two adjacent rollers from contacting each other in the initial stage of relative movement between the upper and lower shear boxes, which is beneficial to maintaining the friction mode of rolling friction between the upper and lower shear boxes. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil and rock shear test box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the soil and rock shear test chamber;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper shear box structure of the soil and rock shear test box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower shear box structure of the soil and rock shear test box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the stop bar and the roller in the soil and rock shear test box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the roller structure of the soil and rock shear test box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional strain rosette structure of the soil and rock shear test chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 10. Upper shear box; 11. First slide groove; 12. Groove; 20. Lower shear box; 21. Second slide groove; 22. Mounting groove; 30. Roller; 31. Bidirectional strain gauge; 311. First strain gauge; 312. Second strain gauge; 313. Integrated wire; 40. Stop bar; 50. Separator bar; 51. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0043] Example

[0044] refer to Figures 1 to 7 The soil and rock shear test chamber provided in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0045] The clipboard includes an upper clipboard 10 and a lower clipboard 20;

[0046] A support body is disposed between the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20. The support body is adapted to provide support for the upper shear box 10. A pressure sensor is disposed on the support body. The pressure sensor is adapted to obtain the pressure on the support body from the upper shear box 10.

[0047] In this embodiment, the support body is disposed between the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20. The support body can provide support for the upper shear box 10. A pressure sensor is provided on the support body, which can obtain the pressure on the support body from the upper shear box 10. When the vertical loading device loads the soil sample in the shear box, the side of the soil sample in the upper shear box 10 rubs against the inner wall of the upper shear box 10. The upper shear box 10 is supported by the support body. The pressure sensor on the support body can obtain the pressure on the support body from the upper shear box 10. After knowing the loading setting value of the vertical loading device, the mass of the upper shear box 10, and the reading of the pressure sensor, the vertical pressure loaded on the direct shear shear surface of the soil sample can be accurately calculated. The subsequent calculation of the shear strength parameters of the soil sample is also more accurate and reliable.

[0048] In this embodiment, the structure of the support body is not specifically limited. In one embodiment, the support body is a protrusion fixed on the lower shear box 20, which provides support for the upper shear box 10. During the direct shear test, the upper shear box 10 slides relative to the protrusion under the action of the horizontal loading device. In another embodiment, the support body is a rolling body. In this embodiment, the rolling body provides support for the upper shear box 10. The friction between the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20 is rolling friction. The rolling friction force is small, and the error between the actual horizontal load on the direct shear shear surface of the soil sample and the loading setting value of the horizontal loading device is small. The subsequent calculation of the shear strength parameters of the soil sample is also more accurate and reliable.

[0049] The structure of the rolling element is not specifically limited. In one embodiment, the rolling element is a ball; in another embodiment, the rolling element is a roller 30, and a pressure sensor is provided at the end of the roller 30. When the rolling element is a roller 30, it is easier to arrange the pressure sensor on the rolling element.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, a stop structure is provided between the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20. The stop structure is suitable for preventing the rock and soil inside the shear box from contacting the rolling element.

[0051] In this embodiment, the stop structure can prevent the rock and soil inside the shear box from contacting the rolling element, ensuring that the rolling element can roll smoothly and continuously, and reducing the rolling friction between the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20.

[0052] The structure of the stop structure is not specifically limited. While preventing the soil and rock inside the shear box from contacting the rolling element, it should also avoid hindering the relative movement of the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20 in the horizontal direction of the loading device. As one embodiment, the stop structure includes a stop bar 40. The upper shear box 10 and / or the lower shear box 20 are provided with a strip-shaped first groove 11. The first groove 11 is disposed between the cavity of the shear box and the rolling element. The upper shear box 10 can move relative to the lower shear box 20 in the extension direction of the first groove 11. Along the relative movement direction of the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20, at least one end of the first groove 11 extends to the side end face of the upper shear box 10 and / or the lower shear box 20. The stop bar 40 is inserted into the first groove 11 and can move relative to the first groove 11 when the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20 move relative to each other.

[0053] In this embodiment, the shear box is provided with a strip-shaped first groove 11. The upper shear box 10 can move relative to the lower shear box 20 in the extending direction of the first groove 11. At least one end of the first groove 11 extends to the side end face of the upper shear box 10 and / or the lower shear box 20 in its extending direction. The stop bar 40 is inserted into the first groove 11 and can move relative to the first groove 11 when the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20 move relative to each other. While not interfering with the movement of the upper shear box 10 relative to the lower shear box 20, the stop bar 40 can prevent the rock and soil in the shear box from contacting the rolling body.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the stop bar 40 is fixed to one of the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20, and the other of the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20 is provided with a first sliding groove 11. The other end of the stop bar 40 is inserted into the first sliding groove 11. In this embodiment, one end of the stop bar 40 is fixed to one of the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20, and the other of the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20 is provided with a first sliding groove 11. The other end of the stop bar 40 is inserted into the first sliding groove 11. When the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20 move relative to each other, they can move relative to the first sliding groove 11 synchronously, which can reliably prevent the rock and soil in the shear box from contacting the rolling element.

[0055] As one specific implementation method, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The bottom of the upper shear box 10 is provided with a first sliding groove 11, and the top of the lower shear box 20 is provided with a corresponding mounting groove 22. One end of the stop bar 40 is inserted into the mounting groove 22 and fixed, and the other end is inserted into the first sliding groove 11.

[0056] In an alternative embodiment, both the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20 are provided with a first slide groove 11. The two ends of the stop bar 40 are respectively inserted into the first slide groove 11 of the upper shear box 10 and the first slide groove 11 of the lower shear box 20, and both can move relative to the inserted first slide groove 11 along the extension direction of the first slide groove 11. The length of the stop bar 40 is greater than the distance between the two ends of the shear box that are perpendicular to the extension direction of the first slide groove 11. During the relative movement of the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20, the rock and soil inside the shear box can always prevent them from contacting the rolling body.

[0057] In this embodiment, the material of the stop strip 40 is not specifically limited. As one implementation, the stop strip 40 is made of metal, specifically steel; as another implementation, the stop strip 40 is made of rubber, which is easy to process and cut, and has low production cost.

[0058] In this embodiment, the structure of the pressure sensor is not specifically limited. As one implementation, the pressure sensor is a single strain gauge, mounted at the center of the roller 30's end face, with the strain gauge's orientation perpendicular to the roller 30's axis. As another implementation, refer to... Figure 6 and Figure 7 The pressure sensor is a bidirectional strain gauge 31, which is located in the middle of the end face of the roller 30. The bidirectional strain gauge 31 includes a first strain gauge 311 and a second strain gauge 312. The first strain gauge 311 and the second strain gauge 312 are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0059] In this embodiment, the pressure sensor is a bidirectional strain gauge 31, which is located at the middle of the end face of the roller 30. The first strain gauge 311 and the second strain gauge 312 of the bidirectional strain gauge 31 are perpendicular to each other. The strain data obtained by the cooperation of the first strain gauge 311 and the second strain gauge 312 can more accurately determine the pressure value of the roller 30.

[0060] In this embodiment, the bidirectional strain gauge 31 is connected to an external strain gauge via an integrated wire 313.

[0061] In one specific implementation, the upper shear box 10 and / or the lower shear box 20 are provided with strip-shaped second slide grooves 21. The total number of second slide grooves 21 provided on the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20 is not less than two. All the second slide grooves 21 are arranged parallel to each other. The roller 30 is placed in the second slide groove 21 and is adapted to roll along the extension direction of the second slide groove 21. The second slide groove 21 can guide the roller 30 to roll.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, the second chute 21 extends through the upper shear box 10 and / or the lower shear box 20 in the extending direction, which facilitates the addition or retrieval of the roller 30 between the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the second groove 21 is disposed on the end face of the lower shear box 20 facing the upper shear box 10. The roller 30 can be placed in the second groove 21 of the lower shear box 20 first, and then the upper shear box 10 can be placed on the roller 30, making the assembly of the soil and rock shear test box simpler and easier.

[0064] As one specific implementation method, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The lower shear box 20 is provided with a second sliding groove 21, and the roller 30 is placed in the second sliding groove 21 of the lower shear box 20. In order to facilitate the roller 30 to abut and at the same time reduce the gap between the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20, the bottom of the upper shear box 10 is provided with a corresponding groove 12, and the roller 30 abuts against the groove 12.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, at least two rollers 30 are provided in at least one second slide groove 21, and multiple rollers 30 are provided in the same second slide groove 21, which helps to prevent the upper shear box 10 from swaying and swinging in the vertical plane where the second slide rail is located.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, a separator is provided between the rollers 30 in the same second groove 21. The separator is adapted to separate two adjacent rollers 30 and is detachably connected to the shear box.

[0067] In this embodiment, a separator is provided between the rollers 30 in the same second slide groove 21. The separator can separate two adjacent rollers 30. The separator is detachably connected to the shear box. When the direct shear test begins, the separator is removed. The separator can prevent two adjacent rollers 30 from contacting each other in the initial stage of relative movement between the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20, which is beneficial to maintaining the friction mode of rolling friction between the upper shear box 10 and the lower shear box 20.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The separator is a separator strip 50, and the separator strip 50 is provided with a protrusion 51. The protrusion 51 is suitable for being inserted between two adjacent rollers 30. The number and spacing of the protrusions can be freely designed according to the size of the shear box and the number of rollers 30.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the separator 50 is provided with at least two protrusions 51, which are arranged at equal intervals.

[0070] Based on the above specific implementation methods, the working process of the soil and rock shear test box in this embodiment is as follows:

[0071] S1. In the direct shear test, the shear box is made according to the designed experimental dimensions, and the mass m1 of the upper shear box is measured.

[0072] S2. First, cut out a soil sample that meets the stacking dimensions of the shear box. The five planes outside the bottom plane of the soil sample need to be cut flat, but the bottom plane is not cut.

[0073] S3. Place the lower shear box 20, install the stop strip 40 into the mounting groove 22, arrange the rollers 30 in the second slide groove 21, and separate the rollers 30 in the same second slide groove 21 by the partition strip 50. Place the upper shear box 10 on the rollers 30, wherein the stop strip 40 is inserted into the first slide groove 11, and the bidirectional strain gauges 31 of each roller 30 are set in the middle of the end face of the roller 30. The first strain gauge 311 and the second strain gauge 312 of the bidirectional strain gauges 31 are set in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, respectively. Each bidirectional strain gauge 31 is connected to the external strain communication through the integrated wire 313.

[0074] S4. Following standard experimental procedures, design the vertical loading for the experiment. Remove the separator 50, read the readings of the bidirectional strain gauges 31 on each roller 30, and record the horizontal strain value ε1 (tensile strain, positive) and the vertical strain value ε2 (compressive strain, negative) of each roller 30. Calculate the vertical pressure value P of each roller 30 using the following formula:

[0075]

[0076] Wherein, P is the vertical pressure value of each roller 30, ε1 is the strain value of the roller 30 in the horizontal direction, ε2 is the strain value of the roller 30 in the vertical direction, E is the elastic coefficient of the roller 30, D is the diameter of the roller 30, and L is the thickness of the roller 30.

[0077] S5. Calculate the sum of the pressures P of each roller. Then, the actual vertical pressure P0 applied to the soil sample is:

[0078] P0 = P1 + m1g - ΣP;

[0079] In the formula: P1 is the pressure applied to the upper surface of the soil sample by the vertical loading device, m1 is the mass of the upper shear box 10, ∑P is the sum of the vertical pressures on each roller 30, and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clear illustration and are not intended to limit the implementation. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all embodiments here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A soil and rock shear test chamber, characterized in that, include: The clipboard includes an upper clipboard (10) and a lower clipboard (20); A support body is disposed between the upper shear box (10) and the lower shear box (20). The support body is adapted to provide support for the upper shear box (10). A pressure sensor is disposed on the support body. The pressure sensor is adapted to acquire the pressure on the support body from the upper shear box (10). The carrier is a rolling element; The rolling element is a roller (30), and the pressure sensor is provided at the end of the roller (30); The pressure sensor is a bidirectional strain gauge (31), which is located at the middle of the end face of the roller (30). The bidirectional strain gauge (31) includes a first strain gauge (311) and a second strain gauge (312). The first strain gauge (311) and the second strain gauge (312) are perpendicular to each other in their arrangement directions. The soil and rock shear test chamber is adapted to calculate the vertical pressure value P exerted on each of the rollers (30) according to the following formula: Wherein, P is the vertical pressure value of each roller (30), ε1 is the horizontal strain value of the roller (30), ε2 is the vertical strain value of the roller (30), E is the elastic coefficient of the roller (30), D is the diameter of the roller (30), and L is the thickness of the roller (30). The vertical pressure P0 actually applied to the shear surface of the soil sample is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, P1 is the pressure applied to the upper surface of the soil sample by the vertical loading device, m1 is the mass of the upper shear box (10), ΣP is the sum of the vertical pressure values ​​P of each of the rollers (30), and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

2. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, A stop structure is provided between the upper shear box (10) and the lower shear box (20), and the stop structure is adapted to prevent the rock and soil in the shear box from contacting the rolling body.

3. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stop structure includes a stop bar (40). The upper shear box (10) and / or the lower shear box (20) are provided with a strip-shaped first groove (11). The first groove (11) is disposed between the cavity of the shear box and the rolling element. The upper shear box (10) is movable relative to the lower shear box (20) in the extending direction of the first groove (11). Along the relative moving direction of the upper shear box (10) and the lower shear box (20), at least one end of the first groove (11) extends to the side end face of the upper shear box (10) and / or the lower shear box (20). The stop bar (40) is inserted into the first groove (11) and is movable relative to the first groove (11) when the upper shear box (10) and the lower shear box (20) move relative to each other.

4. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the stop bar (40) is fixed to one of the upper shear box (10) and the lower shear box (20), and the other of the upper shear box (10) and the lower shear box (20) is provided with the first groove (11), and the other end of the stop bar (40) is inserted into the first groove (11).

5. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stop strip (40) is made of rubber.

6. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper shear box (10) and / or the lower shear box (20) are provided with strip-shaped second slide grooves (21). The total number of second slide grooves (21) provided on the upper shear box (10) and the lower shear box (20) is not less than 2. All the second slide grooves (21) are arranged parallel to each other. The roller (30) is placed in the second slide groove (21) and the roller (30) is adapted to roll along the extension direction of the second slide groove (21).

7. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second groove (21) extends through the upper shear box (10) and / or the lower shear box (20) in the extending direction.

8. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second groove (21) is disposed on the end face of the lower shear box (20) facing the upper shear box (10).

9. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 6, characterized in that, At least one of the second chute (21) is provided with at least two rollers (30).

10. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 9, characterized in that, A separator is provided between the rollers (30) in the same second groove (21), the separator being adapted to separate two adjacent rollers (30), and the separator being detachably connected to the shear box.

11. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 10, characterized in that, The separator is a separator strip (50), and the separator strip (50) is provided with a protrusion (51), which is adapted to be inserted between two adjacent rollers (30).

12. The soil and rock shear test chamber according to claim 11, characterized in that, The separator (50) is provided with at least two protrusions (51), which are arranged at equal intervals.

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