A mortise broach and its atomized cooling structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a tenon and grooving broach and its atomizing cooling structure. Addressing the technical problem in existing technologies where coolant struggles to penetrate the narrow gap between the broach head and the workpiece, the invention incorporates a main coolant channel, a main compressed gas channel, coolant branch channels, compressed gas branch channels, and a compressed gas loop within the broach body. Each coolant branch channel includes a gas-liquid mixing chamber with an inverted cone and a fan-shaped slit outlet at its top, forming a nozzle structure. Each compressed gas loop contains multiple inclined injection channels for injecting compressed gas into the gas-liquid mixing chamber. During operation, the coolant and compressed gas mix and atomize in the gas-liquid mixing chamber, forming finer, higher-pressure atomized particles that are projected onto the broach head surface through the nozzles, achieving effective cooling of the broach head. Through this atomizing cooling structure, this invention effectively reduces the operating temperature of the tenon and grooving broach, extends its lifespan, and improves machining quality and surface integrity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of component processing and manufacturing technology for aero-engines and gas turbines, particularly the field of broaching processing technology for turbine disk tenons. It relates to a tenon broach and its cooling structure, specifically a tenon broach structure that uses atomized cooling instead of direct injection cooling of coolant. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial structural component in aero-engines and gas turbines, the turbine disk's tenon and groove structure connects the turbine disk and turbine blades. It withstands harsh working environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and high-speed rotation. Therefore, the machining quality requirements for turbine disk tenons and grooves must include high precision, high strength, high toughness, and high heat resistance to ensure the engine's service life and stable reliability. To meet these machining requirements, broaching is commonly used. Broaching is a machining method that uses a cutting tool to cut along the inner surface of the workpiece. It offers advantages such as high machining efficiency (tenon and groove formation can be completed in a single cut), high machining accuracy (achieving micron-level dimensional tolerances and surface roughness), and strong adaptability (able to machine tenons and grooves of different shapes, sizes, and materials).

[0003] While this tenoning method has unique technical advantages, the broaching process involves varying degrees of wear due to factors such as cutting force, cutting temperature, and cutting vibration, leading to reduced broach life and decreased machining quality. In particular, the localized high temperatures generated during the cutting process can cause wear, reduced rigidity, deformation, and even burning of the broach, severely impacting machining quality; it also reduces tool wear resistance and shortens tool life. Therefore, to extend broach life and improve machining quality, effective cooling technologies must be adopted to reduce the broach's operating temperature and thermal deformation. Cooling technology refers to providing coolant or other media to the broach during the cutting process to remove cutting heat, lower the cutting temperature, and improve cutting conditions. Cooling technology can improve the broach's wear resistance and heat resistance, extend its life, and improve machining quality and surface integrity.

[0004] Existing technologies address the problem of localized high temperatures generated during broach operation by selecting appropriate broach materials and coatings to improve their heat resistance and wear resistance, choosing suitable cutting parameters and lubrication / cooling conditions to reduce frictional heat between the broach and the workpiece, optimizing the broach structure and geometry to reduce the contact area and pressure between the broach and the workpiece, and using coolant to lower the broach's operating temperature. Among these methods, directly spraying coolant onto the cutting surface of the broach body to reduce the contact temperature between the broach and the workpiece is currently one of the most commonly used solutions. The shortcomings of this cooling method are: (1) The cross-sectional area of ​​the cutting part is small, making it difficult for the coolant to enter the narrow gap between the cutter head and the workpiece. The coolant can only be sprayed onto specific parts of the tool surface and cannot directly act on the cutting interface. Most of the coolant flows through the broach without playing a good cooling role, resulting in poor heat dissipation and uneven cooling, which can easily cause overheating and annealing and burns at the cutting edge; (2) The direction and force of the coolant spray are not easy to control and may affect cutting stability and surface quality; (3) The rapid cooling of the cutter head caused by the direct spray of coolant will reduce the rigidity and strength of the broach and may corrode the tool and workpiece, resulting in a reduction in the life of the broach and workpiece; (4) The amount of cutting fluid used is large, causing environmental pollution and increased costs; (5) The coolant has an adverse effect on cutting stability and surface quality, such as causing defects such as thermal shock, thermal cracks, and white layer.

[0005] In summary, broach cooling technology is a critical technical issue in the mortise and tenon broaching of turbine disks, directly affecting broach life and machining quality. Optimizing and improving the broach cooling structure and method to solve problems inherent in existing technologies, such as the difficulty of coolant entering the narrow gap between the cutter head and the workpiece, the difficulty in controlling the direction and force of coolant spray, rapid cooling of the cutter head due to direct coolant spray, and excessive cutting fluid consumption, are urgent technical problems to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (I) Purpose of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned deficiencies and shortcomings of existing technologies, and to solve the technical problems encountered in direct spraying of coolant onto the cutting edge of the tool body, such as difficulty in coolant entering the narrow gap between the tool head and the workpiece, difficulty in controlling the direction and force of coolant spray, rapid cooling of the tool head due to direct coolant spray, and large consumption of cutting fluid, this invention aims to provide a tenon and slot broach and its atomized cooling structure. By incorporating compressed gas into the coolant, the coolant is atomized into finer and higher-pressure atomized particles. These atomized coolant particles can better enter the narrow gap between the tool head and the workpiece and directly act on the high-heat areas, increasing the contact heat exchange area with the tool head, improving heat dissipation and heat exchange capacity, and reducing coolant consumption. Furthermore, the higher pressure of the compressed gas in the coolant effectively prevents chip blockage. In addition, this invention can ensure the actual cooling effect by changing the flow rate and head of the coolant and compressed gas, and can continue cooling after the tool head contacts the workpiece by using a slow cooling method with a small flow rate, avoiding annealing of the tool head.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives and solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] The first objective of this invention is to provide an atomizing cooling structure suitable for a tenon and mortise cutter. The tenon and mortise cutter includes at least a cutter body and a plurality of cutter heads. The cutter body is a strip-shaped structure extending along its length, and its height direction includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other. The first surface has at least a plurality of cutter body mounting grooves discretely arranged along its length. The cutter body portion between two adjacent cutter body mounting grooves forms a partition wall between them. The base of each cutter head matches the shape and size of the cutter body mounting groove. The base of each cutter head is detachably fixed in the corresponding cutter body mounting groove. The invention is characterized in that…

[0011] The blade body has at least one main coolant channel extending along its length and one main compressed gas channel extending along its length. The extension length of the main coolant channel and the main compressed gas channel at least covers all the blade body mounting slots, and in the height direction, the main compressed gas channel is closer to the first surface than the main coolant channel.

[0012] The interior of the cutter body is further provided with several coolant branches, several compressed gas branches, and several compressed gas loops. Each coolant branch extends along the height direction, with one end connected to the main coolant channel and the other end extending to the cutter body area near the first surface to form a blind hole. The number of coolant branches should ensure that each cutter head has one coolant branch on each of its left and right sides along the length direction, and only one coolant branch on each mounting groove partition wall. Near the middle position of each coolant branch, a compressed gas loop extending along the height direction is provided concentrically on its periphery. The outer wall of each compressed gas loop is connected to the main compressed gas channel through a corresponding compressed gas branch. Multiple inclined spray channels are provided circumferentially between the inner wall of each compressed gas loop and the outer wall of the corresponding coolant branch. The inclined direction of each spray channel points towards the first surface.

[0013] In each of the coolant branches, the portion located below the compressed gas loop in the height direction is formed as a coolant supply chamber, and the portion located above the coolant supply chamber is formed as a gas-liquid mixing chamber. At the center of the top surface of each gas-liquid mixing chamber, an inverted cone extending in the height direction and pointing towards the second surface is formed. The root of the inverted cone is provided with a fan-shaped slit outlet communicating with the external space. The inverted cone and the fan-shaped slit outlet are formed as a fan-shaped nozzle structure.

[0014] Preferably, the base of each cutter head is fixedly installed in the corresponding cutter body mounting groove by means of snap-fit ​​connection or threaded connection, so as to quickly replace cutter heads of different shapes and sizes according to different processing requirements and conditions, thereby improving the efficiency and flexibility of cutter head use.

[0015] Preferably, for the coolant branch provided on the partition wall of the mounting groove, the root of the inverted cone is provided with at least two fan-shaped slit outlets that communicate with the external space and are arranged opposite to each other, and the openings of the two fan-shaped slit outlets respectively point to the surfaces of two cutter heads located on the left and right sides of the partition wall of the mounting groove in the length direction.

[0016] Preferably, for the coolant branch provided on the outside of the head cutter body mounting groove and the tail cutter body mounting groove in the length direction, the root of the inverted cone is provided with at least one fan-shaped slit outlet that communicates with the external space and is arranged opposite to it, and the opening of the fan-shaped slit outlet points to the surface of the cutter head located inside it.

[0017] Preferably, the main coolant channel is connected to a coolant storage tank located outside the cutter body via a pipeline, and a liquid transport pump is installed on the connecting pipeline between the two; the main compressed gas channel is connected to a gas source located outside the cutter body via a pipeline, and a flow control valve is installed on the connecting pipeline between the two.

[0018] Preferably, the cone radius and height of the inverted cone are adjusted according to the height of each cutting head, thereby changing the spray angle of the atomized coolant droplets. This structural design allows for precise control of the cooling effect, meeting different processing conditions and requirements.

[0019] Preferably, the cooling effect on each of the cutter heads is adjusted by regulating the flow rate and head of the coolant and compressed gas introduced into the cutter body.

[0020] Furthermore, the internal channel structure of the blade body is equipped with several temperature sensors, pressure sensors and flow sensors to monitor the temperature, pressure and flow parameters of the coolant and compressed gas in real time.

[0021] Preferably, the blade body and its internal channel structure are formed by additive manufacturing.

[0022] The atomizing cooling structure of the present invention, applicable to tenon and slot broaches, works on the following principle:

[0023] Coolant is introduced into the main coolant channel, and compressed gas is introduced into the main compressed gas channel. The coolant flows along the main coolant channel to the coolant supply chambers of each coolant branch, and then continues to flow upwards towards the first surface into the gas-liquid mixing chamber. The compressed gas flows along the main compressed gas channel to each compressed gas branch, then into each compressed gas loop, and is sprayed into the gas-liquid mixing chamber of the coolant branch through each inclined injection channel, pointing obliquely upwards towards the first surface. In the gas-liquid mixing chamber, the coolant is atomized into small droplets by the strong shearing action of the compressed gas. The injection of compressed gas into the gas-liquid mixing chamber through multiple injection channels enhances the degree of coolant atomization. The atomized coolant droplets flow obliquely upwards along the outer surface of the inverted cone, pass through the fan-shaped slit outlet, and are projected onto the surfaces of the two cutting heads. Simultaneously, due to the small diameter of the atomized coolant droplets, they can easily enter the narrow gap between the cutting head and the workpiece, thus directly acting on the cutting interface to achieve a better cooling effect.

[0024] The atomized cooling structure for tenon and slot broaches described above is a slow, prolonged cooling method that significantly improves the rigidity and strength of the broach compared to the rapid, short-duration cooling of direct injection. Furthermore, the atomized coolant droplets, compared to the same volume of coolant, increase the contact area with the broach head, thus increasing the heat exchange area and improving heat transfer capacity while reducing coolant consumption.

[0025] The second objective of this invention is to provide a tenon and mortise cutter, characterized in that the tenon and mortise cutter is provided with the atomizing cooling structure provided in the first objective of this invention.

[0026] (III) Technical Effects

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the tenon and slot broach and its atomization cooling structure of the present invention have the following beneficial and significant technical effects:

[0028] (1) The tenon and slot broach and its atomized cooling structure of the present invention solve many problems and shortcomings of the external cooling method in the prior art, such as the difficulty of coolant entering the narrow gap between the cutter head and the workpiece, the difficulty of controlling the direction and force of coolant spray, the rapid cooling of the cutter head caused by direct coolant spray, and the large amount of cutting fluid used. These problems will affect the life and performance of the tenon and slot broach, and reduce its processing efficiency and processing quality.

[0029] (2) The tenon and slot broach and its atomizing cooling structure of the present invention utilize compressed gas to atomize the coolant, transforming it into finer, higher-pressure atomized particles. These atomized particles can better penetrate the narrow gap between the broach and the workpiece, directly acting on the hottest areas, thus improving heat dissipation and heat exchange capacity. Simultaneously, the higher pressure of the atomized particles effectively prevents debris from clogging the narrow gap between the broach and the workpiece. These advantages enhance the wear resistance and thermal crack resistance of the tenon and slot broach, extend its lifespan, and improve machining quality and surface integrity.

[0030] (3) The tenon and slot broach and its atomizing cooling structure of the present invention, by adopting a gas-liquid mixing chamber and a fan-shaped nozzle structure, can achieve efficient atomization of coolant, increase the contact area between coolant and the cutting head, improve heat exchange capacity, and reduce coolant consumption. This structure can also achieve uniform cooling of the front and rear cutting heads, avoiding defects such as thermal deformation and thermal cracking caused by uneven temperature distribution. This structure can also achieve precise control of the cooling effect by changing the flow rate and head of coolant and compressed gas, as well as adjusting the cone radius and height of the inverted cone according to the cutting head height, to meet different processing conditions and requirements.

[0031] (4) The tenon and slot broach and its atomized cooling structure of the present invention are essentially a long-term slow cooling method. Compared with the short-term rapid cooling of direct injection, it can effectively improve the rigidity and strength of the broach and reduce thermal shock and thermal cracking. This method uses a small flow rate of slow cooling, and continues to cool after the broach head comes into contact with the workpiece, thus avoiding annealing of the broach head.

[0032] (5) The tenon and slot broach and its atomizing cooling structure of the present invention have all pipelines inside the broach body. They are fixed, purely mechanical products without any moving joints or moving parts, which can ensure the high stability of the cooling system. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the tenon groove broach of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 As shown Figure 1 Side view;

[0035] Figure 3 As shown Figure 2 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0036] Figure 4 As shown Figure 3 BB-direction sectional view;

[0037] Figure 5 As shown Figure 3 CC-direction sectional view;

[0038] Figure 6 As shown Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region I in the middle;

[0039] Figure 7 As shown Figure 6 The corresponding top view.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] The components include: cutter body 10, cutter head 20, main coolant channel 30, coolant branch channel 31, coolant supply chamber 311, gas-liquid mixing chamber 312, inverted cone 313, fan-shaped slit outlet 314, main compressed gas channel 40, compressed gas branch channel 41, compressed gas loop 42, and injection channel 43. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments further illustrate its content. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structure and technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, providing one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides an atomizing cooling structure for a tenon and grooving broach. The tenon and grooving broach includes at least one broach body 10 and several broach heads 20. The broach body 10 is a strip-shaped structure extending along its length, and its height direction includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other. The first surface is provided with at least several broach body mounting grooves arranged discretely along its length. The broach body portion between two adjacent broach body mounting grooves forms a mounting groove partition wall between them. The base of each broach head 20 matches the shape and size of the broach body mounting groove. The base of each broach head 20 is fixedly installed in the corresponding broach body mounting groove in a detachable connection manner. The base of each broach head 20 is fixedly installed in the corresponding broach body mounting groove by a snap-fit ​​connection or a threaded connection, so as to quickly replace broach heads of different shapes and sizes according to different processing requirements and conditions, thereby improving the efficiency and flexibility of broach head use.

[0044] The interior of the cutter body 10 is provided with at least one main coolant channel 30 extending along its length and one main compressed gas channel 40 extending along its length. The extension lengths of the main coolant channel 30 and the main compressed gas channel 40 at least cover all the cutter body mounting slots, and in the height direction, the main compressed gas channel 40 is closer to the first surface than the main coolant channel 30. The main coolant channel 30 is connected to a coolant storage tank located outside the cutter body through a pipeline, and a liquid transport pump is provided on the connecting pipeline between the two. The main compressed gas channel 40 is connected to a gas source located outside the cutter body through a pipeline, and a flow control valve is provided on the connecting pipeline between the two.

[0045] The interior of the cutter body 10 is also provided with several coolant branches 31, several compressed gas branches 41, and several compressed gas loops 42. Each coolant branch 31 extends along the height direction, with one end connected to the main coolant channel 30 and the other end extending to the cutter body area near the first surface to form a blind hole. The number of coolant branches 31 should ensure that each cutter head 20 has one coolant branch 31 on each of its left and right sides along the length direction, and only one coolant branch 31 on each mounting slot partition wall. Near the middle position of each coolant branch 31, a compressed gas loop 42 extending along the height direction is provided concentrically on its periphery. The outer wall of each compressed gas loop 42 is connected to the main compressed gas channel 40 through a corresponding compressed gas branch 41. Between the inner wall of each compressed gas loop 42 and the outer wall of the corresponding coolant branch 31, multiple inclined spray channels 43 are provided circumferentially, and the inclined direction of each spray channel 43 points towards the first surface.

[0046] In each coolant branch 31, the portion below the compressed gas loop 42 in the height direction forms a coolant supply chamber 311, and the portion above the coolant supply chamber 311 forms a gas-liquid mixing chamber 312. At the center of the top surface of each gas-liquid mixing chamber 312, an inverted cone 313 extending in the height direction and pointing towards a second surface is machined. The root of the inverted cone 313 has a fan-shaped slit outlet 314 communicating with the external space. The inverted cone 313 and the fan-shaped slit outlet 314 form a fan-shaped nozzle structure. For coolant branches 31 installed on the partition wall of the mounting slot, the root of the inverted cone 313 has at least two fan-shaped slit outlets 314 communicating with the external space and arranged opposite each other. The openings of the two fan-shaped slit outlets 314 respectively point towards the surfaces of two cutting heads 20 located on the left and right sides of the partition wall of the mounting slot in the length direction. For the coolant branch 31 located outside the head cutter body mounting groove and the tail cutter body mounting groove in the length direction, the root of the inverted cone 313 is provided with at least one fan-shaped slit outlet 314 that communicates with the external space and is arranged opposite to it, and the opening of the fan-shaped slit outlet 314 points to the surface of the cutter head 20 located inside it.

[0047] The atomizing cooling structure of the present invention, applicable to tenon and slot broaches, works on the following principle:

[0048] Coolant flows into the main coolant channel 30, and compressed gas flows into the main compressed gas channel 40. The coolant flows along the main coolant channel 30 to the coolant supply chambers 311 of each coolant branch 31, and then continues to flow upwards towards the first surface into the gas-liquid mixing chamber 312. The compressed gas flows along the main compressed gas channel 40 to each compressed gas branch 41, and then into each compressed gas loop 42. It is then sprayed into the gas-liquid mixing chamber 312 of the coolant branch 31 through each inclined injection channel 43, pointing obliquely upwards towards the first surface. In the gas-liquid mixing chamber 312, the coolant is subjected to strong shearing action by the compressed gas, forming atomized droplets. The method of injecting compressed gas into the gas-liquid mixing chamber 312 through multiple injection channels 43 enhances the degree of coolant atomization. The atomized coolant droplets flow obliquely upwards along the outer surface of the inverted cone 313, pass through the fan-shaped slit outlet 314, and are projected onto the surfaces of the two cutting heads 20. Meanwhile, because the atomized coolant droplets are small in diameter, they can easily enter the narrow gap between the cutting head and the workpiece, thus directly acting on the cutting interface to achieve a better cooling effect. The atomized cooling structure of this invention for tenon and slot broaches is a slow, prolonged cooling method, which significantly improves the rigidity and strength of the broach compared to the rapid, short-term cooling of direct injection. Furthermore, the small droplets after atomization increase the contact area with the cutting head compared to the same volume of coolant, thus increasing the heat exchange area, improving heat exchange capacity, and reducing the amount of coolant used.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the internal channel structure of the cutter body 10 is preferably provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, pressure sensors and flow sensors to monitor the temperature, pressure and flow parameters of the coolant and compressed gas in real time, so as to adjust the flow rate and head of the coolant and compressed gas in a timely manner, and to detect and deal with possible faults such as leakage, blockage and cracks in the internal channel structure of the cutter body.

[0050] Furthermore, this invention allows for the adjustment of the cone radius and height of the inverted cone 313 according to the height of each cutting head, thereby altering the spray angle of the atomized coolant droplets. This structural design enables precise control of the cooling effect, meeting various processing conditions and requirements. Because cutting heads at different heights experience different amounts of heat and heat distribution, they require cooling of varying degrees and directions. By adjusting the cone radius and height of the inverted cone, the spray angle of the atomized coolant droplets can be changed, allowing for better coverage of the cutting head surface and improving cooling uniformity and effectiveness. Moreover, adjusting the cone radius and height of the inverted cone 313 ensures that the spray angle of the atomized coolant droplets forms a suitable angle with the workpiece surface, preventing excessively large or small angles that could lead to excessive or insufficient impact and wear on the workpiece surface, or prevent the coolant from effectively entering the narrow gap between the cutting head and the workpiece, thus affecting the cutting effect.

[0051] The objectives of this invention have been fully and effectively achieved through the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that this invention includes, but is not limited to, the contents described in the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments described above. Although the invention has been described with reference to what is currently considered the most practical and preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of the invention will be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An atomizing cooling structure for a mortise and tenon cutter, wherein the mortise and tenon cutter comprises at least a cutter body and a plurality of cutter heads, wherein, The blade body is a strip-shaped structure extending along its length, and its height direction includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other. The first surface has at least a plurality of blade mounting slots discretely arranged along its length. The blade portion between two adjacent blade mounting slots forms a partition wall between them. The base of each blade head matches the shape and size of the blade mounting slot. The base of each blade head is detachably fixed in the corresponding blade mounting slot. The blade body has at least one main coolant channel extending along its length and one main compressed gas channel extending along its length. The extension length of the main coolant channel and the main compressed gas channel at least covers all the blade body mounting slots, and in the height direction, the main compressed gas channel is closer to the first surface than the main coolant channel. The interior of the cutter body is further provided with several coolant branches, several compressed gas branches, and several compressed gas loops. Each coolant branch extends along the height direction, with one end connected to the main coolant channel and the other end extending to the first surface of the cutter body area to form a blind hole. The number of coolant branches should ensure that each cutter head has one coolant branch on each of its left and right sides along the length direction, and only one coolant branch on each mounting groove partition wall. Near the middle position of each coolant branch, a compressed gas loop extending along the height direction is provided concentrically on its periphery. The outer wall of each compressed gas loop is connected to the main compressed gas channel through a corresponding compressed gas branch. Multiple inclined spray channels are provided circumferentially between the inner wall of each compressed gas loop and the outer wall of the corresponding coolant branch. The inclination direction of each spray channel points to the first surface. In each of the coolant branches, the portion located below the compressed gas loop in the height direction is formed as a coolant supply chamber, and the portion located above the compressed gas loop is formed as a gas-liquid mixing chamber. At the center of the top surface of each gas-liquid mixing chamber, an inverted cone extending in the height direction and pointing towards the second surface is formed. The root of the inverted cone is provided with a fan-shaped slit outlet communicating with the external space. The inverted cone and the fan-shaped slit outlet are formed as a fan-shaped nozzle structure. And among them, For the coolant branch provided on the partition wall of the mounting slot, the root of the inverted cone is provided with at least two fan-shaped slit outlets that communicate with the external space and are arranged opposite to each other, and the openings of the two fan-shaped slit outlets point to the surfaces of two cutter heads located on the left and right sides of the partition wall of the mounting slot in the length direction respectively. For the coolant branch provided on the outside of the head cutter body mounting slot and the tail cutter body mounting slot in the length direction, the root of the inverted cone is provided with at least one fan-shaped slit outlet that communicates with the external space and is arranged opposite to it, and the opening of the fan-shaped slit outlet points to the surface of the cutter head located inside it.

2. The atomizing cooling structure for tenon and mortise cutters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base of each cutter head is fixedly installed in the corresponding cutter body mounting slot by means of snap-fit ​​connection or threaded connection, so as to quickly replace cutter heads of different shapes and sizes according to different processing requirements and conditions, thereby improving the efficiency and flexibility of cutter head use.

3. The atomizing cooling structure for tenon and mortise cutters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main coolant channel is connected to a coolant storage tank located outside the cutter body via a pipeline, and a liquid transport pump is installed on the connecting pipeline between the two. The main compressed gas channel is connected to a gas source located outside the cutter body via a pipeline, and a flow control valve is installed on the connecting pipeline between the two.

4. The atomizing cooling structure for tenon and mortise cutters according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the height of each cutter head, the cone radius and height of the inverted cone are adjusted to change the spray angle of the small droplets after the coolant is atomized.

5. The atomizing cooling structure for tenon and mortise cutters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling effect on each cutter head can be adjusted by regulating the flow rate and head of the coolant and compressed gas introduced into the cutter body.

6. The atomizing cooling structure for tenon and mortise cutters according to claim 5, characterized in that, The internal channel structure of the blade body is equipped with several temperature sensors, pressure sensors and flow sensors to monitor the temperature, pressure and flow parameters of the coolant and compressed gas in real time.

7. The atomizing cooling structure for tenon and mortise cutters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade body and its internal channel structure are formed by additive manufacturing.

8. A tenon and mortise puller, characterized in that, The tenon and slot broach is provided with the atomizing cooling structure described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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